1. Chondromalacia One of the most common causes of knee pain is chondromalacia or patellofemoral syndrome, caused by Category Health Conditions and Diseases Chondromalacia......anterior knee pain syndrome. (Chondromalacia of the Kneecap). Introduction. Kneepain is a common problem among people active in sports which involve running. http://www.bayviewortho.com/patients/education/Knee/chondrom.htm

Chondromalacia Anterior Knee Pain Syndrome (Chondromalacia of the Kneecap) Introduction Knee pain is a common problem among people active in sports which involve running. One of the most common causes of knee pain is chondromalacia or patellofemoral syndrome'. As many as one-half of all knee pain complaints other than injury may be due to this syndrome. This syndrome is caused by an irritation of the undersurface of the kneecap (or patella), which is normally smooth. The irritation can lead to a roughening of the kneecap undersurface, a condition called chondromalacia. The kneecap moves up and down in a shallow groove at the lower end of the thigh bone (femur). The kneecap is connected on top to the large muscles from the front of the upper leg (quadriceps muscles) and then is connected below to the top of the lower leg bone (tibia) by a tendon patellar tendon). Tendons are the fibrous bands of tissues that connect muscles to bone. Knee pain results from the pressure of the kneecap, which becomes irritated and roughened, on the shallow groove in the thigh bone. Patellofemoral pain syndrome and chondromalacia is a form of arthritis. However the more common form of knee arthritis is a degeneration of the cartilage in the knee joint where the upper leg (femur) and lower leg bone (tibia) join. What else can cause knee pain?

2. Knee1--Complete Source For Knee Information You are in the anterior knee pain syndrome patient stories. Choose a story fromthe list below. You may also anterior knee pain syndrome, owensbar@aol.com. http://www.knee1.com/community/patstory20.cfm/2

Search Knee1 Search Network Search Medline Corporate Underwriter Corporate Underwriter Main Page Knee News ... Knee1 Wireless COMMUNITY: Patient Stories You are in the Anterior knee pain syndrome patient stories. Choose a story from the list below. You may also: Tell us your story Choose a new category. UPDATED STORY POSTED BY Jun. 04 Chronic swelling and pain Anonymous May. 12 knee pain Anonymous May. 10 Discomfort and pain after 1year ... Jane Robertson Apr. 25 aching knees Anonymous Dec. 26 Arthritis or Soft Tissue Tear? ... Anonymous Dec. 16 Knee Pains jpmalone1@cs.com Dec. 12 Knee Swelling dhutchi633@aol.com Nov. 05 Pain in Back of Knee carrie Sep. 19 Knee Replacement david norris Sep. 05 Looking for a Rehab Program ddr169@aol.com Sep. 05 Cracking, Popping lstinnett@utk.edu Aug. 03 Sore Knees Mary.Alegado@ps.net Anterior Knee pain Syndrome owensbar@aol.com is there any contraindication in ... vivianap26@hotmail.com Knees pain JimmyToledo@impsat.net.co Patella femoral syndrome that ... Anonymous Problem Christine Porter Home Register About Us Contact Us ... Terms of Service and our

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4. Knee1--Complete Source For Knee Information anterior knee pain syndrome. Q I have been diagnosed with Anterior KneePain Syndrome. Q I was diagnosed with anterior knee pain syndrome. http://www.knee1.com/reference/faq10.cfm/3

Search Knee1 Search Network Search Medline Corporate Underwriter Corporate Underwriter Main Page Knee News ... Knee1 Wireless REFERENCE: Frequently Asked Questions Anterior knee pain syndrome Q: I have been diagnosed with Anterior Knee Pain Syndrome. What can I do to alleviate the constant pain that I feel? Answered by David Golden M.D. on January 01, 1900 A: Rest, ice and non-steroidal anti-inflammatories are the mainstay of treatment. When you couple that with activity modification, you should experience a significant improvement. If there is no improvement, there may be internal derangement of the patello-femoral joint, which often causes anterior knee pain. There are cartilage changes that may be degenerative or traumatically caused. Either way, pain in the front of the knee, especially with bending and stairclimbing, can be debilitating. If there is no pain relief, after such management, check with your doctor about obtaining an MRI to evaluate the condition of the kneecap and the cartilage surface. Q: I was diagnosed with Anterior Knee Pain Syndrome. My doctor has suggested that I strengthen my thigh muscles and avoid bending my knee. What type of exercises should I do?

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6. The KNEEguru - Anterior Knee Pain anterior knee pain syndrome Too many knee problems are dismissed as 'anteriorknee pain syndrome' - but this collection of symptoms has a number of causes http://www.kneeguru.co.uk/html/step_05_patella/step_05_pfp.html

Search WWW Search www.kneeguru.co.uk HOME THE BASICS CRUCIATES COLLATERALS ... MENISCI 5 PATELLAE mechanics P/F pain P/F issues P/F assessment ... FINDING HELP PATELLO-FEMORAL PAIN (PFS) Pain arising from the joint surface between the patella and the femur ('patello-femoral pain') is the most common knee problem bringing patients to the doctor. Such pain is usually insidious in onset, without a remembered injury, often in both knees and felt in the front of the knee. The pain seem to be related to problems with the way the patella tracks in the trochlea (its groove - see section on mechanics). The sketches below show the kneecap as one would see it when one is sitting looking down at the horizon of the knee - the femur bone at the end is grooved and accommodates the kneecap in flexion (like a bobsleigh in its run). That is how the X-rays usually show the patella. X-ray being taken of the patello-femoral groove Issues and Controversies: There are other causes of pain in the front of the knee and not arising from the joint surface itself. Great confusion has developed amongst sporting and medical professionals because of the tendency of some of these professionals to lump all the various and discrete causes of such pain together and to refer to the whole medley of disorders as if they are one common disorder -'Anterior Knee Pain Syndrome'.

7. SmartEngine - SmartGuide ( DISEASE : Anterior Knee Pain Syndrome ) All about DISEASE anterior knee pain syndrome from SmartEngine.com We Cure anterior knee pain syndrome - http//www.nannischiropractic.com http://disease.smartengine.com/shell/smartpage/Anterior_Knee_Pain_Syndrome

SmartGuide Web Auctions DISEASE : Anterior Knee Pain Syndrome Categories (1-1 of 1) Health: Conditions_and_Diseases: Musculoskeletal_Disorders: Chondromalacia Web Pages Chondromalacia: Anterior Knee Pain Syndrome One of the most common causes of knee pain is chondromalacia or patellofemoral syndrome, caused by an irritation of the undersurface of the kneecap. Article includes information on symptoms, treatment and recommendations for exercise. - http://www.bayviewortho.com/patients/education/Knee/chondrom.htm Health: Conditions and Diseases: Musculoskeletal Disorders: Chondromalacia About Us Contact Us Our Partners ... Help

8. Kneecaps - Let The KNEEguru Be Your Guide But many patients are just given a diagnosis of 'anterior knee pain syndrome' or'patellofemoral pain syndrome' (which is the same thing) and all subjected to http://www.kneeguru.co.uk/html/links_anterior_knee_pain.html

ANTERIOR KNEE PAIN 'SYNDROME' Anterior knee pain has a section of its own for a number of reasons. This is one of the most mis-understood areas of knee management. The name 'anterior knee pain' means simply 'pain in the front of the knee'. That is all. It is not a diagnosis - just a statement of fact. The word 'syndrome' implies that there is a group of symptoms which when taken together give a diagnosis. But there are many conditions which cause anterior knee pain, and they each have features which can distinguish them. But many patients are just given a diagnosis of 'anterior knee pain syndrome' or 'patellofemoral pain syndrome' (which is the same thing) and all subjected to the same management, when in reality the pain in the front of the knee may be caused by a number of completely discrete conditions, all of which have completely discrete managements. If you are suffering from pain in the front of the knee, then walk through these links as you may be able to understand the logic behind the tests a good clinician is doing, or identify a bad clinician and stay away. LINKS: Please note: For your convenience, all external links are opened in a separate browser window. If you click on a link and nothing happens, check the other window - your new page will be loading there! When you have finished, just close the window.

9. Advanced Search Orthop Clin North Am 1992;2355566. Caylor D, Fites R, Worrell TW. The relationshipbetween quadriceps angle and anterior knee pain syndrome. http://www.aafp.org/afp/991101ap/2012.html

Advanced Search Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome: A Review and Guidelines for Treatment MARK S. JUHN, D.O., University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington A patient information handout on patellofemoral pain syndrome, written by the author of this article, is provided on page 2019. Managing patellofemoral pain syndrome is a challenge, in part because of lack of consensus regarding its cause and treatment. Contributing factors include overuse and overload of the patellofemoral joint, biomechanical problems and muscular dysfunction. The initial treatment plan should include quadriceps strengthening and temporary activity modification. Additional exercises may be incorporated as dictated by the findings of the physical examination. Footwear should be closely evaluated for quality and fit, and the use of arch supports should be considered. (Am Fam Physician 1999;60:2012-22.) P atellofemoral pain syndrome can be defined as retropatellar or peripatellar pain resulting from physical and biochemical changes in the patellofemoral joint. It should be distinguished from chondromalacia, which is actual fraying and damage to the underlying patellar cartilage. Patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome have anterior knee pain that typically occurs with activity and often worsens when they are descending steps or hills. It can also be triggered by prolonged sitting. One or both knees can be affected. Consensus is lacking regarding the cause and treatment of the syndrome.

10. Bauerfeind USA OnLine The Role of the Knee Brace in the Prevention of anterior knee pain syndrome ShlomoBenGal, MPH, Joseph Lowe, MD, Gideon Mann, MD, Alexander Finsterbush, MD http://www.bauerfeindusa.com/genutrain.html

Choose A Product Zeuba Products Star Products Foot ViscoSpot ViscoHeel N ViscoHeel K ipos Shock Absorber ipos SoftBase Green 3/4 Length Insoles ViscoPed ViscoPed S Ankle MalleoTrain Comprifix Ankle AchilloTrain MalleoLoc Zeuba Ankle Leg UltraSilk Sheers SoftBasics ExerSox Knee SofTec GenuTrain Comprifix Knee GenuTrain P3 Compro and Compro Plus Zeuba Knee Back SofTec Lumbo LumboTrain Comprifix Back Zeuba Back Shoulder/Wrist OmoTrain ManuTrain Zeuba Wrist Elbow EpiTrain EpiPoint Comprifix Elbow Zeuba Elbow The Role of the Knee Brace in the Prevention of Anterior Knee Pain Syndrome Shlomo BenGal, MPH, Joseph Lowe, MD, Gideon Mann, MD, Alexander Finsterbush, MD, and Yoav Matan, MD Published in The American Journal of Sports Medicine, January/February 1997 A prospective study of 60 young athletes (army personnel), 27 in the brace group and 33 in the non-brace control group, underwent a vigorous physical training regimen to determine the efficacy of a knee brace with a silicone patellar support ring (Bauerfeind GenuTrain). Due to dropouts, the results were considered significant only among male brace users. Data was collected in the 1 st and 8 th week of the study by investigators who did not know the identity of the candidates. Data included the following: personal estimation of pain levels, orthopedic examination, and documentation of physical fitness levels.

11. Orthoseek | Orthopedic Topics Ligament (ACL); anterior knee pain syndrome; Anteversion, Femoral Neck;Arch Supports; Arthritis, Septic (Suppurative); Arthritis, Lyme; http://www.orthoseek.com/topics.html

Search WWW Search orthoseek.com A Acetabular Dysplasia Achilles Tendonitis Adductor Release Amyoplasia ... Avulsion Fracture B Back Pain in Children Baclofen Baseball Basketball ... Bunionette C Calcaneal Apophysitis Calcaneovalgus Callotasis Camptodactyly ... Curly Toe D Dancing Denis-Browne Bar Developmental Dysplasia, Hip Discitis ... Diving E Elbow, Golf Elbow, Little League Elbow, Tennis Elephant Man Disease ... Extra Toe F Fatigue Fracture Femoral Neck Anteversion Femoral Varus-derotation Osteotomy Femoral Torsion ... Frejka Pillow G Gamekeeper's Thumb Gastrocnemius Muscle Genu Valgum Genu Varum ... Gymnastics H Habitual Toe Walking Hallux Valgus Hamstring Release Hammer Toe ... Horseback Riding I Ice Skating Iliac Osteotomy Ilizarov Ilfeld Splint ... Intoeing in Children J Jumper's Knee Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis K Kienbock's Disease Klippel-Feil Syndrome Knee Ligament Injuries Knock-knees ... Kyphosis, Scheuermann's L Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL) Lateral Subluxation Leg Length Discrepancy Leg Sprain/Strain ... Lyme Arthritis M Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Malignant Tumors, Bone

12. Anterior Knee Pain Syndrome anterior knee pain syndrome Ency. home Injury A Anterior knee pain. Anteriorknee pain All about anterior knee pain syndrome from RXAddict.com http://www.conacamiperu.org/american-university-school-of-law.htm

13. Anterior Knee Pain Common Musculoskeletal Injuries in Women, The Physician and Sports Medicine, July1996; anterior knee pain syndrome, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center http://www.iahsaa.org/wu02-8.html

WELLNESS UPDATE 2002, #8 ANTERIOR KNEE PAIN Anterior knee pain (pain in front of the knee) is the most common knee injury in athletes. Anterior knee pain usually develops gradually due to the repetitive motion of the patella (knee cap) sliding up and down, rather than due to a single, sudden injury. This occurs most often in sports requiring a great deal of running and jumping. Here is a typical progression of the symptoms of anterior knee pain: Sitting for an extended period of time causes an ache or stiffness, often behind the kneecap. This pain goes away when the joint is "warmed up" and during exercise. A few hours after exercise the stiffness returns. 2) If nothing is done to treat the ache and stiffness, the pain usually begins to be present throughout the exercise period Pain is felt when squatting, kneeling and walking down stairs. Movement of the knee cap and climbing stairs causes a "crunching" sound. 5) The athlete may feel that the knee is "giving out" when running or jumping The pain is often most noticeable when the athlete gets out of bed in the morning or after they have been sitting with their legs in one position for a long period. The pain usually lessens as the knee is used, or "warmed up," during normal, everyday activity.

14. Chondromalacia Hub Rachele Ferrari. anterior knee pain syndrome (Chondromalacia of theKneecap) by Johns Hopkins Bayview Orthopaedics. Chondromalacia http://www.healthubs.com/chondromalacia/

Chondromalacia, also called chondromalacia patellae, refers to softening of the articular cartilage of the knee cap. Chondromalacia occurs most often in young adults and can be caused by injury, overuse, parts out of alignment, or muscle weakness. The most frequent symptom is a dull pain around or under the knee cap that worsens when walking down stairs or hills. A person may also feel pain when climbing stairs or when the knee bears weight as it straightens. The disorder is common in runners and is also seen in skiers, cyclists, and soccer players. Knee Problems/Chondromalacia - by University of Michigan Health System. Chondromalacia patellae from MEDLINEplus Medical Encyclopedia - updated by Benjamin D. Roye, M.D., M.P.H., Department of Orthopaedics, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY. Chondromalacia Patella (knee pain in sports) - by Kristen Xan Walker for the University of Oregon. A General Overview of Chondromalacia Patella - Aetiology, Clinical picture and Management - by Rachele Ferrari. Anterior Knee Pain Syndrome (Chondromalacia of the Kneecap) - by Johns Hopkins Bayview Orthopaedics.

15. Dr. Lori Livingston Bilateral rearfoot asymmetry and anterior knee pain syndrome. Bilateral Q angle asymmetryand anterior knee pain syndrome. Clinical Biomechanics, 14(1), 713. http://www.dal.ca/~hahp/People/FacPages/livingston.htm

Dr. Lori Livingston BA-BPHE, MSc (Queen's), PhD (Calgary) Associate Professor Director - School of Health and Human Performance Associate Professor - School of Nursing Office Location: Stairs House, 6230 South Street Office Phone: (902) 494-1197 Office Fax: (902) 494-5120 Email: Lori.Livingston@dal.ca Research Biomechanics Lower limb morphology and its relationship to anterior knee pain Reliability and validity of measurement Ocular injuries in sport, and sport vision Sport officiating Recent Publications Livingston, L.A. Livingston, L.A. Spaulding, S.J., Livingston, L.A. Livingston, L.A. Livingston, L.A. Livingston, L.A. (2002). The accuracy of Q angle values. (Letter to the Editor). Clinical Biomechanics, 18, 322-324. Livingston, L.A. Livingston, L.A. (2000). What determines the magnitude of the Q angle?: A preliminary study of selected skeletal and muscular measures. Journal of Sport Rehabilitation, 9(1), 26-34. Livingston, L.A.

16. Knee Pain Treatment- Torn Meniscus, Strain,Stress, Swelling, Stiffness,Tendiniti second one ! TITLE anterior knee pain syndrome a historical review.What can you do about the torn meniscus knee pain? Anterior http://www.macrocap.com/Knee-Pain/

Knee Pain Treatment - Torn Meniscus - Strain, Stress, Swelling and Stiffness Chondromalacia - Osgood Schlatters - Tendinitis torn meniscus,,Knee pain,swelling,meniscus pain,stiffness,chondromalacia,petellar tendinitis,tendon,,osgood schlatters Click Here for Complete Product Information, Clinical Studies, Testimonials, Online Ordering or Call at 1-888-972-7200, if we are not here leave a message Baseball Volleyball Hockey Soccer Basketball Softball Football Gymnastics Golf Swimming Jogging Bowling Cycling Running Subject: Knee Pain Torn Meniscus Email received from Linda 6/9/02: "I have been having a lot of pain in my left knee for the past 3 weeks so I went to the Dr. I was diagnosed with a torn meniscus and as a result of the torn ligament, I now have water on the knee. I received the Goode knee wrap today and immediately put it on. I couldn't believe how comfortable it was. The amazing part is that I noticed within an hour, my knee felt better than it has for weeks. I'm able to walk much more comfortably and will have no problem wearing the wrap for as long as I want to wear it without it pinching or being uncomfortable. I don't know how the wrap has done it, but it's significantly reduced the pain in my knee and I'm able to walk with just minor discomfort. Just yesterday, I was almost unable to walk at all!!!!!!!"

17. SpringerLink: International Orthopaedics - Abstract Volume 23 Issue 6 (1999) Pp Translate this page electronic version). Table of Contents. Abstract Volume 23 Issue 6 (1999)pp 341-344. anterior knee pain syndrome. D. Witonski. Department of http://link.springer-ny.com/link/service/journals/00264/bibs/9023006/90230341.ht

International Orthopaedics ISSN: 0341-2695 (printed version) ISSN: 1432-5195 (electronic version) Table of Contents Abstract Volume 23 Issue 6 (1999) pp 341-344 Anterior knee pain syndrome D. Witonski Department of Orthopaedics, Medical University of Lodz, Drewnowska 75, 91-002 Lodz, Poland Tel.: +48-42-654-0243; Fax: +48-42-654-0243 Accepted: 7 August 1999 Abstract The aim of this study was to correlate the distribution of substance-P nerve fibres within the knee joint in 20 patients complaining of anterior knee pain syndrome, with the clinical picture, patellar motion, power of the quadriceps mechanism, and the psychological profile. A comparison was made with 2 similar groups of patients with knee problems (patients with osteoarthrosis and patients with anterior cruciate ligament rupture or meniscal lesions), and with a further group of 20 healthy volunteers. The results suggest that anterior knee pain might be a psychosomatic syndrome associated with sub-clinical patellar instability and with little if any relation to levels of physical activity. Article in PDF format (24 KB) Online publication: February 10, 2000

18. The Knee of the patellofemoral syndrome is poorly understood (thus the descriptive namessuch as patellofemoral syndrome and anterior knee pain syndrome) and that http://www.echo.uqam.ca/mednet/anglais/hermes_a/knee/part_5.html

THE KNEE Part 5 This article is part of a serie covering clinical examination of the knee published in the February 1996 issue of "Patient Care. Part 1 Part 2 Part 3 Part 4 Part 5 Part 6 MedNet Home page Hermes Knee PATELLOFEMORAL SYNDROME What synonyms do you know for the patellofemoral syndrome? Anterior knee pain syndrome Over utilization syndrome There are probably lots of other synonyms, but these two tell us that the etiology and pathophysiology of the patellofemoral syndrome is poorly understood (thus the descriptive names such as patellofemoral syndrome and anterior knee pain syndrome) and that symptoms are brought on by activity (overutilization syndrome). What misnomer is often used as a synonym for the patellofemoral syndrome? Chondromalacia patellae. Chondromalacia patellae is a specific pathological entity in which there is softening or fibrillation of the patellar cartilage. While some patients with the patellofemoral syndrome may have chondromalacia patellae, most do not. Further, many people with chondromalacia patellae have no symptoms. What are the symptoms of the patellofemoral syndrome?

19. Library Patella Chondromalacia The Center for Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine; Marietta,Ga 3. anterior knee pain syndrome Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center 4. A http://www.coa-aco.org/library/Two_Views_Future.asp

Two Views of the Future Myles Clough, M.D., FRCSC Kamloops, BC The teenage patient with knee pain is a familiar, if somewhat daunting visitor, to the office of many Canadian orthopaedic surgeons with a general scope of practice. Let's presuppose such a patient is visiting your office not many years from now. Let's also up the ante in this scenario by imagining that her mother is a schoolteacher. This patient has seen her family doctor because of anterior knee pain and has been told she may have chondromalacia (how do you spell that doc?) and should do some quadriceps strengthening exercises. Under some pressure, a referral to an orthopaedic surgeon has been made and they are coming to see you some three months later. The prediction of this article is that they will have spent some of the intervening time looking for information about this problem on the Internet and as a consequence, your interview will resemble one of these two views of the future. Scenario 1 In this first scenario, you have asked your referral base of family doctors to make sure that all the patients they refer to you are given the Internet address of your practice web site. This site contains the usual information about how to find the office, confirm the appointment etc; it has some details of your training, affiliations and scope of practice; more to the point it has two big patient information sections, one for people waiting to see you and one for patients you have already treated. Your patient and her mother have looked up the section on anterior knee pain and have found the following information.

20. SpringerLink: Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy - Abstract Volume 7 knee Distribution of substanceP nerve fibers in the knee joint inpatients with anterior knee pain syndrome A preliminary report. http://www.link.springer-ny.com/link/service/journals/00167/bibs/9007003/9007017

Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy ISSN: 0942-2056 (printed version) ISSN: 1433-7347 (electronic version) Table of Contents Abstract Volume 7 Issue 3 (1999) pp 177-183 knee : Distribution of substance-P nerve fibers in the knee joint in patients with anterior knee pain syndrome A preliminary report D. Witonski (1), Malgorzata Wagrowska-Danielewicz (2) Received: 17 December 1997 Accepted: 20 October 1998 Abstract P P P P P P Key words Article in PDF format (216 KB) Online publication: May 21, 1999 SpringerLink Helpdesk

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