81. MedTech1.com - Heart Valve Disease The most common congenital valve disease is bicuspid aortic, a type of aorticstenosis where the aortic valve has only two leaflets instead of three. http://www.medtech1.com/research_center/cond20.cfm?cond_id=109

82. Learn About Aortic Valves From Plainsense Most people with aortic valve problems can lead normal lives to replace or reconstructthe valve can make a When the Doctor Says It's Heart disease by Frederick http://www.plainsense.com/Health/Heart/Aortic.htm

Search the Web. Type it and go! Related Topics: Abnormal Heartbeat Angina Angiogram Angioplasty Aortic Valve Problems Arrythmia Aspirin and Heart Attacks Atherosclerosis Cardiac Arrest ... Women at Risk Understanding Aortic Valve Problems The aortic valve controls the flow of blood from your heart to the rest of your body by way of the large artery called the aorta. When this valve does not work properly, the heart must work harder to deliver blood to the body Common Kinds of Valve Damage Aortic valve problems can be a result of congenital abnormalities-abnormalities that are present at birth-or rheumatic fever, a childhood illness caused by a streptococcal infection. They can also be the result of calcium formation on the valve. There are two common kinds of aortic valve problems. In aortic stenosis , the valve opening has narrowed, so that the left ventricle- the heart's main pumping chamber-must work harder to move blood through it. In aortic regurgitation , the valve doesn't completely close between contractions, so that blood leaks back into the left ventricle. The blood flow to the body decreases and again the heart must work harder to offset the decreased blood flow. Signs of Aortic Valve Problems Aortic valve problems may cause no symptoms in the early stages. The condition is usually discovered during a routine examination. As valve problems worsen, they may cause weakness on exertion, breathlessness, chest pain and fainting spells.

83. Heart Valve Disease : Symptoms, Risk Factors, Prevention, Diagnosis, Therapy, FA The aortic valve separates the left ventricle from the aorta (which carries bloodto the body). Heart disease can be caused by many different things and comes http://www.sjm.com/conditions/condition.aspx?name=Heart Valve Disease

84. Aortic Valve Stenosis Prognosis. The prognosis for aortic valve stenosis depends on the severityof the disease. With surgical repair, the disease is curable. http://www.healthatoz.com/healthatoz/Atoz/ency/aortic_valve_stenosis.html

Encyclopedia Index A Home Encyclopedia Encyclopedia Index A Aortic valve stenosis Definition When aortic valve stenosis occurs, the aortic valve, located between the aorta and left ventricle of the heart, is narrower than normal size. Description A normal aortic valve, when open, allows the free flow of blood from the left ventricle to the aorta. When the valve narrows, as it does with stenosis, blood flow is impeded. Because it is more difficult for blood to flow through the valve, there is increased strain on the heart. This can cause the left ventricle to enlarge and malfunction, resulting in reduced blood supply to the heart muscle and body, as well as fluid build up in the lungs. Cause and symptoms Aortic valve stenosis can occur because of a birth defect in the formation of the valve. Calcium deposits may form on the valve with aging , causing the valve to become stiff and narrow. Stenosis can also occur as a result of rheumatic fever . Mild aortic stenosis may produce no symptoms at all. The most common symptoms, depending on the severity of the disease, are chest pain , blackouts, and difficulty breathing.

85. Valvular_Heart_Disease_Overview - HeartCenterOnline For Patients: Heart Health E heart disease is the name given to any dysfunction or abnormality of one or moreof the heart's four valves, including the mitral valve and aortic valve on the http://www.heartcenteronline.com/myheartdr/common/articles.cfm?ARTID=187

86. Heart Disease Articles From Heart Disease Online 06/01/97, aortic Stenosis Treatment Strategies Management options forthis disease causing narrowing of the aortic valve are detailed. http://www.heartdiseaseonline.com/article/valve.shtml

Heart Disease information EVEN your child can understand ! LEARN articles links news ... dr.mani Join A CHAIN OF LOVE today Tell a Friend ASK DOC TAKE POLL VOLUNTEER ... articles VALVE Heart Disease Articles By Dr.Mani Have a question ? Click here to Ask Dr.Mani Make Your Site Sell This will be the MOST significant download of your business life ! Click For More Info What do you call a * tiny book? a BOOKLET * mini-drop? a DROPLET * small pig? a PIGLET So what's a short QUIZ Right ! A QUIZLET We made one for YOU Click Here to take a QUIZLET Click on the Target "The Affiliate Masters" course - a FREE intensive 5-Day e-mail course that'll make you a high-earning affiliate champion. HEART VALVE DISEASE Pulmonary Autograft (Ross Operation) for Aortic Stenosis Using the patient's own pulmonary valve to replace a diseased aortic valve combines advantages of a homograft with the benefits of using autologous tissue. Homograft Valve replacement for Aortic Stenosis A homograft to replace a narrow aortic valve may be the best alternative to a native valve. Valve Repair and Replacement as treatment for Aortic Stenosis Repairing or replacing the diseased aortic valve with an artificial prosthesis are discussed in this article.

87. Management Of Patients With Valvular Heart Disease Guidelines With Valvular Heart disease B. Diagnosis of Coronary Artery disease C. Treatmentof Coronary Artery disease at the Time of aortic valve Replacement D. aortic http://www.acc.org/clinical/guidelines/valvular/dirIndex.htm

var showMenu="ExpandMain:clinical;"; // document.modified = "Tuesday March 12, 2002"; document.modified = "03/12/2002"; Table of Contents Print a PDF References BONOW ET AL., ACC/AHA TASK FORCE REPORT JACC Vol. 32, No. 5, November 1998:1486-1588 ACC/AHA Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Valvular Heart Disease A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Committee on Management of Patients With Valvular Heart Disease) COMMITTEE MEMBERS Robert O. Bonow, MD, FACC, Chair , Blase Carabello, MD, FACC, Antonio C. De Leon, Jr., MD, FACC, L. Henry Edmunds, Jr., MD, FACC, Bradley J. Fedderly, MD, FAAFP, Michael D. Freed, MD, FACC, William H. Gaasch, MD, FACC, Charles R. Mckay, MD, FACC, Rick A. Nishimura, MD, FACC, Patrick T. O'Gara, MD, FACC, Robert A. O'Rourke, MD, FACC, Shahbudin H. Rahimtoola, MD, FACC TASK FORCE MEMBERS James L. Ritchie, MD, FACC

88. Lahey Clinic | Heart Valve Disease: Keeping Blood On Course caused by mitral valve prolapse or by a degenerative disease that leads to a failureof the valve to close properly. As in aortic regurgitation, cardiologists http://www.lahey.org/media/healet/spring2000/heart_valve_disease.stm

Health Magazine Lahey Homepage Appointment Request Physician Finder Site Map / Search ... Spring, 2000 Heart Valve Disease: Keeping Blood on Course Back Next Last spring, Sudbury pediatrician Michael Robinson, MD, noticed he was getting short of breath when he exercised. For Robinson, 62, who swims laps six mornings a week to keep fit, that was unusual. But he wasn't concerned until he fainted after sprinting up the stairs in his house. At that point Robinson knew something was definitely awry. "I'd known for years that I was born with a defect in one of my heart valves, and was aware it might someday cause problems," he says. "So I made an appointment right away with a cardiologist to get it checked out." Robinson went to William H. Gaasch, MD, a widely recognized expert in heart valve disease and interim chair of cardiology at Lahey Clinic Medical Center. Following a physical examination and diagnostic tests, Gaasch determined that Robinson had a condition called aortic stenosis. Stenosis is said to be present when a heart valve - in this case the aortic valve - becomes narrowed, or "stenotic," due to abnormalities present since birth or degeneration caused by aging. Less commonly it occurs as a result of rheumatic fever.

89. Heart Valves, Heart Valve Disease, And Heart Valve Surgery A discussion about heart valves, valve diseases, symptoms, and surgical procedures.Category Health Conditions and diseases Valvular Surgery...... Following uncomplicated valve surgery, a patient will stay in valvular repair andreplacement, aortic and left risk patients with multiple disease comorbidities http://www.texheartsurgeons.com/Valves.htm

Heart Valve Diseases and Heart Valve Surgery Heart valves have key roles in regulating blood flow through the heart, opening and closing in sequence with each heartbeat. These valves act like one-way doors, allowing blood to flow either forward into the next chamber, or out of the heart via one of two main blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart. The valves close to prevent back flow. Heart Valve Functions On the right side of the heart, blood flows through the tricuspid valve, which lies between the right atrium and the right ventricle. On the left side of the heart, the mitral valve controls the blood flow between the left atrium and left ventricle. The pulmonary valve controls flow from the right ventricle into the pulmonary artery , which carries blood to the lungs for oxygenation. On the left side, the aortic valve opens the way for oxygenated blood to pass from the left ventricle into the aorta , the body?s largest artery. Causes of Heart Valve Malfunction Heart valves may become impaired for a variety of reasons. Rheumatic fever, the most common cause of valve malfunction, causes a valve to stiffen over time. This limits the ability of the valve to open and close properly. Some people are born with heart valve abnormalities, which may be corrected at birth or later in life. Other people may acquire valve damage from infection (as with bacterial endocarditis) or other diseases. The results are a tight, rigid valve limiting forward blood flow (called a stenotic valve ), or a valve which does not close properly, permitting back flow (called a

90. Valve Disease PV Loops Cardiac valve disease significantly alters ventricular pressure and volumerelationships during the cardiac cycle. Mitral stenosis. aortic stenosis. http://www.cvphysiology.com/Heart Disease/HD009.htm

Cardiovascular Physiology Concepts Richard E. Klabunde, Ph.D. HOME Search Contents ... Tutorials Physiology Topics: Electrophysiology Electrocardiogram Hemodynamics Cardiac Cycle ... Capillary Exchange Clinical Topics: Abnormal Rhythm Valve Disease Heart Failure Edema ... Peripheral Artery Disease Ventricular Pressure-Volume Loop Changes in Valve Disease Cardiac valve disease significantly alters ventricular pressure and volume relationships during the cardiac cycle. A convenient way to analyze cardiac pressure and volume changes is by using ventricular pressure-volume loops . The following describes pressure-volume changes that occur during: Mitral stenosis Aortic stenosis Mitral regurgitation Aortic regurgitation Mitral Stenosis Mitral stenosis impairs left ventricular filling so that there is a decrease in end-diastolic volume ( preload ). This leads to a decrease in stroke volume by the Frank-Starling mechanism and a fall in cardiac output and aortic pressure. This reduction in afterload (particularly aortic diastolic pressure) enables the end-systolic volume to decrease slightly, but not enough to overcome the decline in end-diastolic volume. These changes just described do not include cardiac and systemic compensatory mechanisms that attempt to maintain cardiac output and arterial pressure. These compensatory responses include, but are not limited to systemic vasoconstriction, increased blood volume, and increased heart rate and inotropy.

91. Mitral Valve Disease Mitral valve disease. the right side of the heart, the tricuspid and pulmonary valves,and two valves on the left side of the heart, the mitral and aortic valves http://www.tcg.cardiologydomain.com/images/uploaded/TCG/Mitrial.cfm

Mitral Valve Disease The heart is a muscular pump divided into four chambers. Two thin-walled chambers, the left atrium and right atrium, form the upper part of the heart. The other chambers, the left and right ventricles, are the heart’s main blood-pumping chambers and form the bottom part of the heart. The right atrium receives blood as it returns to the heart from the veins from different parts of the body and transports blood to the right ventricle, and the left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and transports it to the left ventricle. The right ventricle pumps blood into the lungs to be oxygenated, while the left ventricle pumps blood to the rest of the body to deliver the oxygen. The valves in the heart affect the way that blood flows through the chambers of the heart. There are two valves on the right side of the heart, the tricuspid and pulmonary valves, and two valves on the left side of the heart, the mitral and aortic valves. These valves resemble flaps, and each valve is made up of segments or leaflets. The valves open and close to keep blood flowing through the heart in only one direction. The tricuspid valve separates the right atrium and right ventricle. When the heart beats, the tricuspid valve is pushed shut, preventing blood from flowing backward from the right ventricle into the right atrium. When the heart relaxes, the tricuspid valve opens, allowing blood from the right atrium to fill the right ventricle. When the heart beats, the pulmonary valve is pushed open, allowing blood to flow into the lung arteries. When the heart relaxes, the pulmonary valve closes, preventing blood from flowing backward into the right ventricle.

92. The ICR Journal Of Heart Valve Disease Publication of the Society for Heart valve disease offers original research, reviews, and case reports. Browse issue tables of contents. http://www.icr-heart.com/journal

General Information Scientific Advisory Board Instructions To Authors Authors Index (1992 - 2000) General Information Scientific Advisory Board Instructions To Authors Authors Index (1992 - 2000) ... MEDLINE

93. Aortic Stenosis The procedure first involves determining the severity of the aorticvalve disease and identification of the coronary artery anatomy. http://www.westsubcardiology.com/pages/cases/Aorticvalve/aorticstenosis.htm

West Suburban Cardiologists New: Indications for Endocarditis Prophylaxis Aortic Stenosis C alcific Aortic Stenosis is often a disease seen in the elderly. Symptomatic patients may report chest pain (angina), loss of consciousness (syncope), or shortness of breath (congestive heart failure). When severe or critical aortic stenosis is present and the patient has one of the symptoms mentioned above, surgery to replace the aortic valve is best course of action. H owever, many patients have other illnesses or problems that impose a high risk for major complications from cardiac surgery. Others have one of more contraindications for valve replacment. For these carefully selected patients, palliative (symptom relieving) Balloon Aortic Valvuloplasty can be offered. This procedure is not as durable as surgery nor does it offer the same benefits in terms of altering the natural history of the disease as is found with aortic valve replacement. Nevertheless, it is a resonable procedure for carefully selected patients who are otherwise unacceptable surgical candidates. The balloon procedure usually results in symptom improvement and increased functional capacity for the next 6-18 months. While re-narrowing of the valve is not uncommon, the procedure can be repeated safely and effectively if necessary. B alloon Aortic Valvuloplasty is performed in the cardiac catheterization lab in a manner similar to other types of cardiac catheterization including coronary angioplasty. An overnight hospital stay is almost always required. Most patients can be discharged within 24-48 hours after the procedure.

94. Program Information Part I Background and diagnosis. The clinical setting of aortic valvedisease. The anatomy of the aortic valve – Dr. Kisslo aortic http://www.registeramerica.net/duke2003/programinfo/outline.htm

Home Program Information Program Information General Information Program Outline Registration Schedule Participants (speakers) Part I: Background and diagnosis The clinical setting of aortic valve disease Aortic valve disease in the young Aortic valve disease in the adult Aortic valve disease in the elderly Surgical indications for aortic valve intervention Echo NEWS NEW METHODS OF EVALUATION Pressure recovery Characteristics of aortic prostheses Aortic valve endocarditis Importance of the left ventricle BREAK (30 min) Part II: Evaluation Traditional measures of aortic stenosis Traditional measures of aortic insufficiency Part III: Management Aortic valve disease in the elderly: A special case New medical/non-invasive techniques New surgical/invasive techniques Home Site Administrators Participants Program Info ... Logout

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