1. BEBRF Blepharospasm Pages - Dystonia, Blepharospasm, Meige Syndrome, Publication Initial symptoms, cause and treatment are discussed, and available publications are listed by the Category Health Conditions and Diseases Dystonia blepharospasm......blepharospasm is a condition in which there is sustained, forced,involuntary closing of the eyelids. BEBRF blepharospasm Pages. http://www.blepharospasm.org/

BEBRF Blepharospasm Pages Last update February 12, 2003 What's New Contents of the Blepharospasm Pages Sponsored by the Benign Essential Blepharospasm Research Foundation (BEBRF) What is blepharospasm? How does blepharospasm begin? What causes blepharospasm? ... Dry eye and blepharospasm What are the current forms of therapy? Botulinum toxin injections Medical (Drug) Treatment Surgery Experimental Eyelid Injections with Doxil ... Questions or comments What is Blepharospasm? Blepharo means "eyelid". Spasm means "uncontrolled muscle contraction". The term blepharospasm ['blef-a-ro-spaz-m] can be applied to any abnormal blinking or eyelid tic or twitch resulting from any cause, ranging from dry eyes to Tourette's syndrome to tardive dyskinesia. The blepharospasm referred to here is officially called benign essential blepharospasm (BEB) to distinguish it from the less serious secondary blinking disorders. "Benign" indicates the condition is not life threatening, and "essential" is a medical term meaning "of unknown cause". It is both a cranial and a focal dystonia. Cranial refers to the head and focal indicates confinement to one part. The word dystonia describes abnormal involuntary sustained muscle contractions and spasms. Patients with blepharospasm have normal eyes. The visual disturbance is due solely to the forced closure of the eyelids. Blepharospasm should not be confused with: Ptosis - drooping of the eyelids caused by weakness or paralysis of a levator muscle of the upper eyelid

2. NINDS Benign Essential Blepharospasm Information Page Information about Benign Essential blepharospasm from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders Category Health Conditions and Diseases Dystonia blepharospasm......Benign Essential blepharospasm information sheet compiled by the NationalInstitute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS). http://www.ninds.nih.gov/health_and_medical/disorders/blepharospasm.htm

National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Accessible version Science for the Brain The nation's leading supporter of biomedical research on disorders of the brain and nervous system Browse all disorders Browse all health organizations More about Benign Essential Blepharospasm Studies with patients Research literature Press releases Search NINDS... (help) Contact us My privacy NINDS is part of the National Institutes of Health NINDS Benign Essential Blepharospasm Information Page Synonym(s): Blepharospasm Reviewed 03-21-2003 Get Web page suited for printing Email this to a friend or colleague Table of Contents (click to jump to sections) What is Benign Essential Blepharospasm? Is there any treatment? What is the prognosis? What research is being done? ... Organizations What is Benign Essential Blepharospasm? Benign essential blepharospasm (BEB) is a progressive neurological disorder characterized by involuntary muscle contractions and spasms of the eyelid muscles. It is a form of dystonia, a movement disorder in which muscle contractions cause sustained eyelid closure, twitching or repetitive movements. BEB begins gradually with occasional eye blinking and/or irritation. Other symptoms may include involuntary winking or squinting of one or both eyes, increasing difficulty in keeping the eyes open, and light sensitivity. Generally, the spasms occur during the day, disappear in sleep, and reappear after waking. As the condition progresses, the spasms may intensify, forcing the eyelids to remain closed for long periods of time, and thereby causing substantial visual disturbance or functional blindness. It is important to note that the blindness is caused solely by the uncontrollable closing of the eyelids and not by a dysfunction of the eyes. BEB occurs in both men and women, although it is especially common in middle-aged and elderly women.

3. Blepharospasm Support Groups - Charlotte, NC - SupportWorks SupportWorks directory of support groups and other resources in Charlotte, NC addressing blepharospasm.Category Health Conditions and Diseases Dystonia blepharospasm......SupportWorks directory of support groups and other resources in Charlotte, NC addressingblepharospasm. SUPPORTWORKS ® ONLINE MECK CAT 829 . blepharospasm. . http://www.supportworks.org/cat829.htm

S UPPORT W ORKS ONLINE MECK CAT 829 BLEPHAROSPASM Scroll down to browse, or click your choice below: Support groups in Mecklenburg Nonprofit agencies in Mecklenburg ... to search beyond this page SECTION 1: Support groups in Mecklenburg County The Blepharospasm Support Group This group meets only twice a year, but helps folks with blepharospasm, meige (throat spasm), or any other upper body spasm find medical information and mutual support. Call a leader of the group at 831-1800 anyday from 9 a.m. to 9 p.m. That's in Lake Wylie, SC and it's a free call from Charlotte. Click for overview of Blepharospasm resources SECTION 2: Nonprofit agencies in Mecklenburg County (138, all) Click here Click for overview of Blepharospasm resources SECTION 3: Other resources: Internet links National support groups Toll-free numbers Internet links BEBRF Blepharospasm Pages of 4 Click here to view a well-written, intermittently well-documented set of questions and answers about lots of aspects of facial spasms. The authors of the basic introductory data are not specfied; the more detailed information is clearly marked by author and date. Basic information is also available in Spanish. Last checked 3/27/00; originally posted here 5/4/98. (Click for overview of Blepharospasm resources) Want to find more links? Click below to find

4. MEDLINEplus Medical Encyclopedia: Blepharospasm Also referred to as eye twitch of spasm, offered is an indepth look at this disorder. Includes links to related topics. blepharospasm is the repetitive contraction of eyelid muscles in a rhythmic fashion. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000756.htm

Skip navigation Medical Encyclopedia Other encyclopedia topics: A-Ag Ah-Ap Aq-Az B-Bk ... Z Blepharospasm Contents of this page: Illustrations Alternative names Definition Causes, incidence, and risk factors ... Prevention Illustrations Eye Alternative names Return to top Eye twitch; Eye spasm Definition Return to top Blepharospasm is the repetitive contraction of eyelid muscles in a rhythmic fashion. In some instances, the eyelid may repeatedly close or attempt to close. Causes, incidence, and risk factors Return to top The most common causes of muscle twitching in the eyelid are fatigue stress , and caffeine. Once the spasms begin, they may continue intermittently for a day to more than a week, then disappear. Most people experience this type of eyelid twitch on occasion and find it extremely annoying. It usually stops suddenly, without even noticing it. More severe contractions with closure of the eyelid are thought to be caused by irritation of the surface of the eye (cornea), or the membranes lining the eyelids (conjunctival irritation). This type of eyelid twitching is common, especially in certain seasons. Another form of blepharospasm, lasts much longer, is very uncomfortable, and can close the eyelids completely.

5. DMRF: Forms Of Dystonia: Blepharospasm To view specific content on this page, click on a category above. blepharospasm 28.8K 56K Cable/T1 (Get RealPlayer) http://www.dystonia-foundation.org/defined/bleph.asp

To view specific content on this page, click on a category above. Blepharospasm Cable/T1 (Get RealPlayer) What is it? Blepharospasm is a focal dystonia characterized by increased blinking and involuntary closing of the eyes. People with blepharospasm have normal vision. Visual disturbance is due solely to the forced closure of the eyelids. Back to top Symptoms Blepharospasm affects the eye muscles and usually begins gradually with excessive blinking and/or eye irritation. In the early stages it may only occur with specific precipitating stressors, such as bright lights, fatigue, and emotional tension. It is almost always present in both eyes. As the condition progresses, it occurs frequently during the day. The spasms disappear in sleep, and some people find that after a good night's sleep, spasms do not appear for several hours after waking. In a few cases, spasms may intensify so that the eyelids remain forcefully closed for several hours at a time. Blepharospasm can occur with dystonia affecting the mouth and/or jaw (oromandibular dystonia, Meige's syndrome). In such cases, spasms of the eyelids are accompanied by jaw clenching or mouth opening, grimacing, and tongue protrusion. If blepharospasm causes any type of impairment, it is because muscle contractions interfere with normal function. Features such as cognition, strength, and the senses, including vision and hearing, are normal. While dystonia is not fatal, it is a chronic disorder and prognosis is difficult to predict.

6. Bulletin Board Similar pages More results from www.blepharospasm.org blepharospasmblepharospasm is a common term for conditions that are medically knownas Benign Essential blepharospasm and Essential blepharospasm. http://www.blepharospasm.org/forums/beb/

The bulletin is board not working as a consequence of a corporate takeover/merger which resulted in this site being moved to a server which is apparently incompatible with the bulletin board software. We are attempting to resolve the problem but it has become evident that there is not a quick or easy fix. The bulletin board will reappear at this same address but it could be early April before it happens. In the interim, please do not pester the Webmaster, Moderators or the Foundation about the problem. Having to respond to e-mails about something we are aware of just slows our efforts to get the bulletin board running again. Bob Campbell Webmaster

7. Blepharospasm blepharospasm is a common term for conditions that are medically known as Benign Essential blepharospasm and Essential blepharospasm. A blepharospasm is defined as http://www.steen-hall.com/bspasm.html

Our Doctors Laser Vision Correction Cataract Surgery Retinal Conditions (Including Macular Degeneration) Surgery Cornea Glaucoma General Eye Care Latest Information ... About The Institute Seminars SEARCH Home Blepharospasm What is Blepharospasm? Blepharospasm is a common term for conditions that are medically known as Benign Essential Blepharospasm and Essential Blepharospasm. A blepharospasm is defined as "a chronic, unremitting, bilateral, variably progressive dysfunction of the nerve that controls the muscles around the eye." It manifests itself as an uncontrollable, forcible closure of the eyelids. It often affects both eyes at once, but it can also affect only one eye. In some cases, other muscles in the face can twitch as well, especially around the cheek and brow. Severe blepharospasm can cause the eyelids to be forcibly closed for a duration longer than the typical blink reflex, causing a variable interruption in the ability to see. Benign Essential Blepharospasm and Essential Blepharospasm are caused by abnormal nerve impulses to the eyelid muscles. Years ago, many patients were told that Essential Blepharospasm was caused by psychiatric problems. Now, it is known that this was not true. Are There Different Forms of Blepharospasm?

8. Benign Essential Blepharospasm Information, who to contact, where to go to chat with others and links from Family Village.Category Health Conditions and Diseases Dystonia blepharospasm......Library A B. Benign Essential blepharospasm. Who to Contact. BenignEssential blepharospasm Research Foundation, Inc. PO Box 12468 http://www.familyvillage.wisc.edu/lib_beb.htm

Benign Essential Blepharospasm Who to Contact Where to Go to Chat with Others Learn More About It Web Sites ... Search AltaVista for "Benign Essential Blepharospasm" Who to Contact Benign Essential Blepharospasm Research Foundation, Inc. P.O. Box 12468 Beaumont,Texas, USA, 77726-2468 Fax: [409]832-0890 See also: Hemifacial Spasm, Meige's Syndrome. The Benign Essential Blepharospasm Research Foundation has a mission to promote, develop and carry on the search for the cause and a cure for Benign Essential Blepharospasm and other related disorders and infirmities of the facial musculature. The Foundation publishes a bi-monthly newsletter for a $15.00 annual subscription fee and has pamphlets and patient packets available at no charge. They have a video Lending Library available for no charge. The Benign Essential Blepharospasm Research Foundation hosts an International Conference scheduled August 9-11, 1996 in Baltimore, Maryland. Call for further information. Where to Go to Chat with Others Newsgroup: alt.support.dystonia

9. HealthlinkUSA Blepharospasm Links Want to advertise here?blepharospasm. Advertising made easy with ahha.com. http://www.healthlinkusa.com/Blepharospasm.html

10. Blepharospasm Cross References SUPPORTWORKS ® ONLINE MECK 829 RELATED KEYWORDSHere are key phrases related to blepharospasm http://www.supportworks.org/ref829.htm

S UPPORT W ORKS ONLINE MECK 829 RELATED KEYWORDS Here are key phrases related to BLEPHAROSPASM Caregivers / Well Spouses Facial Difference Didn't find what you want? Try these: Go back to our home page Go back to the alphabet page ... personal assistance

11. Blepharospasm blepharospasm is a dystonia where the muscle that closes the eye (orbicularisoculi) contracts uncontrollably. The condition can http://www.loftusmd.com/Articles/botulinum/Blepharospasm.html

Brian D. Loftus, M.D. 6448 Fannin Street Houston, Texas 77030 About Dr. Loftus Medical Information Make An Appointment Site Map/Search ... Medical Information: Blepharospasm Blepharospasm is a dystonia where the muscle that closes the eye (orbicularis oculi) contracts uncontrollably. The condition can be severe enough to cause traffic accidents when the patient is suddenly unable to open their eyes to see. The eyes can still be closed voluntarily. Many patients are initially diagnosed as having dry eyes, tics, or simply excessive but normal blinking. Botulinum Toxin Related Articles Blepharospasm Botulinum Toxin Hemifacial Spasm Hyperhidrosis ... Migraine Web Sites of Interest Benign Essential Blepharospasm Research Foundation Dystonia Medical Research Foundation About Dr. Loftus Medical Information ... Site Map/Search

12. Essential Blepharospasm And Hemifacial Spasm Essential blepharospasm and Hemifacial Spasm. The onset of blepharospasm is typicallyin the fifth to sixth decade and is more common in women than in men. http://www.asoprs.org/blepharospasm.html

Essential Blepharospasm and Hemifacial Spasm Essential blepharospasm is a debilitating disorder of progressive involuntary spasms of the eyelid muscles (orbicularis oculi). Other muscles in the face or neck may be involved as well. Terms that sometimes are used in the description of this problem include dystonia (impaired or disordered muscle tone) and dyskinesia (a defect in voluntary movement). The onset of blepharospasm is typically in the fifth to sixth decade and is more common in women than in men. Although the cause of essential blepharospasm is incompletely understood, it is thought to be a result of "miscommunication" in the area(s) of the brain responsible for control of the involved muscles. The onset of essential blepharospasm usually is heralded by an increase in blinking or squinting with progression toward repetitive forceful closure and difficulty opening the eyelids. Blepharospasm is often made worse by stress, fatigue, bright lights, watching television or driving, and social interactions. Functional blindness in the presence of an otherwise normal visual system may result. Sleep, relaxation, walking, talking and other "tricks" may alleviate symptoms temporarily. Systemic medications have limited efficacy in treating the disease. However, some patients do benefit from such therapy alone or in conjunction with other treatment modalities. Local injection of a medication called botulinum toxin (brand name: Oculinum, Allergan Pharmaceuticals) last two to three months, after which time the injections need to be repeated for continued relief. As with any medication, "Oculinum" has side effects; fortunately, these typically are mild and temporary. For those patients who do not respond to "Oculinum" and/or systemic medications, there are surgical options. Excision of the involved muscles (myectomy) can decrease blepharospasm and has been shown to be superior to procedures that remove the nerve that stimulates the spasming muscles (facial neurectomy or nerve avulsion).

13. Diagnostic Clinic Of Houston - Blepharospasm blepharospasm. There is an updated blepharospasm article on Dr. Loftus' web site. Dr.Loftus may be starting a treatment trial on blepharospasm shortly. http://www.diagnosticclinic.com/health/blepharospasm.html

Blepharospasm There is an updated blepharospasm article on Dr. Loftus' web site. Blepharospasm is a condition where the muscle that closes the eye (orbicularis oculi) contracts uncontrollably. The condition can be severe enough to cause traffic accidents when the patient is suddenly unable to open their eyes to see. The eyes can still be closed voluntarily. The treatment of choice for this condition is botulinum toxin injections of the orbicularis oculi muscles. For the occasional nonresponders to botulinum toxin injection therapy, one can try anticholinergic medications and some benzodiazepenes. Dr. Loftus may be starting a treatment trial on Blepharospasm shortly. If you are willing to travel to Houston for treatment and would like to be notified when we begin the trial, please email our research coordinator Authored by Brian D. Loftus, M.D. Your Health Find a Doctor Make an Appointment ... Questions

14. National Eye Institute: Blepharospasm Resource Guide Publication on blepharospasm. Describes the causes, symptoms, treatment,and resources for more information. What is blepharospasm? http://www.nei.nih.gov/health/blepha/

Health Funding News Laboratories ... Health Information Blepharospasm On this page: Other Names What is Blepharospasm? What causes Blepharospasm? What are the symptoms of Blepharospasm? ... Medical Literature Related Topics: Diagram of the Eye Vision-Related TermsSelected Online Sources Finding an Eye Care Professional Talking to Your Doctor ... U.S. Government Sources List The information provided in this Resource Guide was developed by the National Eye Institute (NEI) to help patients and their families search for general information about blepharospasm . An eye care professional who has examined the patient's eyes and is familiar with his or her medical history is the best person to answer specific questions. Other Names Benign essential blepharospasm, hemifacial spasm. What is Blepharospasm? Blepharospasm is an abnormal, involuntary blinking or spasm of the eyelids. What causes Blepharospasm? Blepharospasm is associated with an abnormal function of the basal ganglion from an unknown cause. The basal ganglion is the part of the brain responsible for controlling the muscles. In rare cases, heredity may play a role in the development of blepharospasm. What are the symptoms of Blepharospasm?

15. Www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2K/MB_cgi?term=Blepharospasm Similar pages More results from www.nlm.nih.gov eMedicine blepharospasm, Benign Essential Article by Stanley blepharospasm, Benign Essential - The first record of blepharospasm and lowerfacial spasm was found in the 16th century in a painting titled De Gaper. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2K/MB_cgi?term=Blepharospasm

16. Blepharospasm in or out Blepharoptosis or droopy eyelid Skin Cancers Loss of an Eye Fractures Trauma Birth Defects blepharospasm blepharospasm Benign essential http://www.drhawes.com/blepharospasm.htm

var TlxPgNm='blepharospasm'; Michael J. Hawes, M. D., F.A.C.S. home Excessive Tearing Thyroid Related Eye Disease Orbital Tumors ... Birth Defects Blepharospasm Blepharospasm Benign essential blepharospasm consists of involuntary spasms of forceful eyelid closure and is more common than previously believed. The cause of the disorder is not yet known, although research continues. Botox or botulinum toxin therapy is helpful in most patients. This drug is given by injection into the muscles causing eyelid closure. It usually works within a few days or weeks and lasts 3-4 months. Contact the Benign Essential Blepharospasm Foundation for support groups, a newsletter, research information, and audio tapes describing BEB and its treatment. Sometimes surgery is used to treat this condition, especially when all other treatments have not succeeded. Pictured below is a patient who had a limited myectomy surgery performed by Dr. Hawes. He no longer requires Botox injections, although most patients still do need Botox after myectomy surgery. Services Menu 850 East Harvard Avenue #345 Denver, Colorado 80210

17. Blepharospasm blepharospasm. BEBRF blepharospasm Pages Discover the causes, symptoms, andtreatment options for blepharospasm. The AnswerSleuth's blepharospasm. http://www.health-nexus.com/blepharospasm.htm

Health-Nexus.Net Health-Nexus.Org The #1 Health information site Home ... Up Search Health-Nexus for: Match ALL words Match ANY word Email this page to a friend ! Post a question or comment on our Message Board Home Page Health Specialties Health News ... Alternative Health Options Substance Abuse Animal Health Search: Books Magazines Video Keywords: Find it Here Blepharospasm BEBRF Blepharospasm Pages - Discover the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for blepharospasm. Find surgery and drug remedies. Benign Essential Blepharospasm - Who to Contact Benign Essential Blepharospasm Research Foundation, Inc. See also: Hemifacial Spasm, Meige's Syndrome. The Benign Essential Blepharospasm Research Foundation has a mission to promote, develop and carry on the search for the cause and a cure for Benign Essential Blepharospasm and other related disorders and infirmities of the facial musculature. Blepharospasm - Blepharospasm is a common term for conditions that are medically known as Benign Essential Blepharospasm and Essential Blepharospasm. A blepharospasm is defined as "a chronic, unremitting, bilateral, variably progressive ...

18. Blepharospasm blepharospasm is uncontrollable blinking of the eyelid which makes it appearas if the person is continually winking. Subscribe now . blepharospasm. http://healthlink.mcw.edu/article/880000031.html

Search Articles: search tips Please Take the HealthLink Survey Email this article Print this article Find related articles: By topic: By keywords: Receive Health Link via email! Subscribe now >> Blepharospasm Q: I am suffering from blepharospasm, also referred to as Meige's syndrome. As a result, I am unable to look at people when they are speaking to me, watch TV or read. When I attempt to walk, I literally have to hold one of my eyes open with my hand and walk looking down at the floor cautiously. I have received Botox shots and it doesn't help me. I took Artane and was taken to the hospital for slow heart beat. I need your advice on how to further treat this. A: Blepharospasm is uncontrollable blinking of the eyelid which makes it appear as if the person is continually winking. Besides being annoying and making life difficult, it can also be painful. Botox injections, which you received, are the treatment of choice and usually 90-95% effective. Since this is one those ironic, fascinating twists in medicine where a substance goes from "threat to cure," let me briefly explain what it is. Botulinum toxin, made by a bacterium called Clostridium botolinum, is one of the most potent poisons known to man. The bacteria, which are found in soil, untreated water, and intestines of animals and fish, produce spores which multiply in the absence of air. These spores thrive in improperly preserved or canned food, like cured ham, smoked fish, canned vegetables (That's why those of you who are doing a lot of home canning this summer need to be sure you sterilize the items well by pressure cooking at 250 degrees F for 30 minutes). Within eight to 36 hours after eating contaminated food, a person may develop difficulty swallowing or speaking, see double, have nausea and vomiting. The toxin causes progressive paralysis of the nerves and can lead to death if untreated.

19. Blepharospasm blepharospasm. BENIGN means it does not kill and it is not malignant. blepharospasm.- BLEFRO - is a Greek word meaning eyelid , and. http://www.rveeh.vic.gov.au/Blepharospasm.htm

Meeting the needs of Victorians for over 130 years BLEPHAROSPASM BENIGN - means it does not kill and it is not malignant. ESSENTIAL - is a medical term which means of unknown cause. BLEPHAROSPASM - BLEFRO - is a Greek word meaning "eyelid", and - SPASM - is involuntary, convulsive contraction of muscles. BEB is a matter of deep concern for many people. The ability to drive, read, watch television, or perform other necessary daily activities becomes increasingly difficult with the disorder, creating much frustration and anxiety for patients and their families. Eventually the spasms may increase in frequency and duration until a patient becomes functionally blind. Benign Essential Blepharospasm is a chronic neurological dysfunction in the control centre of the brain. Involuntary muscle contractions cause the EYELIDS to blink, squint, or close abnormally. As the condition worsens, it may involve spasms of the lower face, mouth, tongue, throat and neck, and sometimes the respiratory system. The cause is unknown.

20. Blepharospasm Back Home Next. blepharospasm. blepharospasm Initial symptoms, cause and treatmentare discussed. blepharospasm treatment, prevention, and much more. http://www.ability.org.uk/Blepharospasm.html

Our Aims Services Stats ... Z Blepharospasm Blepharospasm Initial symptoms, cause and treatment are discussed. Blepharospasm treatment, prevention, and much more. Webmaster . Site Design by Ability "see the ability, not the disability" Acknowledgments

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