21. AYC: Cat-Scratch Disease catscratch disease Basic Information. cat-scratch disease (CSD) is an infectiousillness that is caused by harmful bacteria called rochalimaea henselae. http://alwaysyourchoice.com/ayc/adult/general/cat_scratch.php

Adult Medicine General Health Acne Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia ... Information Cat-Scratch Disease Basic Information Cat-scratch disease (CSD) is an infectious illness that is caused by harmful bacteria called rochalimaea henselae. These bacteria are typically found in the saliva of cats, which means that cats function as carriers of this infection. There are several ways for a human to become infected with CSD. One, this infection can be spread anytime a cat that has the bacteria on its paws scratches a human. Two, the illness can be spread through a cat bite. Three, the illness can be spread if a person pets a bacteria carrying-cat, and then rubs their eyes. Although people of all ages can become infected with CSD, it usually only afflicts children between the ages of five and thirteen. This is because individuals who are healthy, or adults who have well-developed immune systems, tend to not be affected by the bacteria. Conversely, CSD can cause major complications for people who have weak immune systems. People with weak immune systems include anybody who is undergoing chemotherapy for cancer, or anybody who has AIDS. Although any cat can become a carrier of the harmful bacteria, CSD is most typically associated with new pets. In most cases, the carrier of the bacteria is a kitten that is less than a half-year old. At the same time, it is very common for several members of a household to become infected with CSD at the same time.

22. Advanced Search Return to Index, catscratch disease. What is cat-scratch disease, andhow do people get it? What are the signs of cat-scratch disease? http://www.aafp.org/afp/970400ap/970400f.html

Advanced Search Please note: This information was as current as we could make it on the date given above. But medical information is always changing, and some information given here may be out of date. For regularly updated information on a variety of health topics, please visit familydoctor.org , the AAFP patient education Web site. Cat-Scratch Disease What is cat-scratch disease, and how do people get it? Cat-scratch disease is an infection caused by bacteria (germs) carried in cat saliva. The bacteria can be passed from a cat to a human. Cats may get the bacteria from fleas, although this hasn't been proved. You can get cat-scratch disease from a cat bite or cat scratch. You can get the infection after a cat scratches you if the cat's paws have the bacteria on them. A cat can get the bacteria on its paws when it licks itself. Then, when the cat scratches you, the bacteria on the cat's paws and claws may be passed on to you. With a cat bite, the cat can pass the bacteria to you in its saliva. You can also get the bacteria in your eyes if you pet a cat that has the bacteria on its fur and then rub your eye with the hand you used to pet the cat. Many people who get cat-scratch disease do not remember being scratched or bitten by a cat. Cat-scratch disease is not a severe illness in people who are healthy. But it can be a problem in people with weak immune systems. People with weak immune systems include those who are receiving chemotherapy for cancer, those who have diabetes or those who have acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).

23. Cat-scratch Disease In Children - Texas, September 2000 - CCDR Volume 28-08 INTERNATIONAL NOTES catscratch disease IN CHILDREN – TEXAS, SEPTEMBER2000 TO AUGUST 2001. cat-scratch disease – Connecticut, 1992-1993. http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/pphb-dgspsp/publicat/ccdr-rmtc/02vol28/dr2808eb.html

Volume 28-08 15 April 2002 Table of Contents INTERNATIONAL NOTES CAT-SCRATCH DISEASE IN CHILDREN – TEXAS, SEPTEMBER 2000 TO AUGUST 2001 Cat-scratch disease (CSD), a bacterial infection caused by Bartonella henselae , has emerged as a relatively common and occasionally serious zoonotic disease among children and adults. To illustrate the spectrum of clinical manifestations of CSD observed during a 1-year period, Texas Children’s Hospital (TCH) in Houston reviewed the medical records of 32 children evaluated at TCH between September 2000 and August 2001 whose antibody titres indicated recent Bartonella infection. This report summarizes the evaluations of these cases and highlights four manifestations of infection with this pathogen in children. The findings emphasize that although CSD is generally a mild, self-limited illness, the differential diagnosis often includes more serious conditions (e.g., lymphoma, carcinoma, mycobacterial or fungal infection, or neuroblastoma) that might result in protracted hospital stays and lengthy treatments before diagnosis. Timely assessment of CSD is important, particularly when invasive diagnostic measures are being considered. Case Reports Case 1.

24. Cat-scratch Disease MAIN SEARCH INDEX catscratch disease. Definition. cat-scratch disease is anuncommon infection that typically results from a cat's scratch or bite. http://www.hendrickhealth.org/healthy/000273.htm

MAIN SEARCH INDEX Cat-scratch disease Definition Description Causes and symptoms Diagnosis ... Resources Definition Cat-scratch disease is an uncommon infection that typically results from a cat's scratch or bite. Most sufferers experience only moderate discomfort and find that their symptoms clear up without any lasting harm after a few weeks or months. Professional medical treatment is rarely needed. Description Cat-scratch disease (also called cat-scratch fever ) is caused by the Bartonella henselae bacterium, which is found in cats around the world and is transmitted from cat to cat by fleas. Researchers have discovered that large numbers of North American cats carry antibodies for the disease (meaning that the cats have been infected at some point in their lives). Some parts of North America have much higher rates of cat infection than others, however. Bartonella henselae is uncommon or absent in cold climates, which fleas have difficulty tolerating, but prevalent in warm, humid places such as Memphis, Tennessee, where antibodies were found in 71% of the cats tested. The bacterium, which remains in a cat's bloodstream for several months after infection, seems to be harmless to most cats, and normally an infected cat will not display any symptoms. Kittens (cats less than one year old) are more likely than adult cats to be carrying the infection. Bartonella henselae can infect people who are scratched or (more rarely) bitten or licked by a cat. It cannot be passed from person to person. Although cats are popular pets found in about 30% of American households, human infection appears to be rare. One study estimated that for every 100,000 Americans there are only 2.5 cases of cat-scratch disease each year (2.5/100,000). It is also unusual for more than one family member to become ill; a Florida investigation discovered multiple cases in only 3.5% of the families studied. Children and teenagers appear to be the most likely victims of cat-scratch disease, although the possibility exists that the disease may be more common among adults than previously thought.

25. ACP-ASIM Bioterrorism Resource Center: Cat-Scratch Disease catscratch disease. cat-scratch disease is a common, benign condition, mostoften caused by Bartonella henselae. cat-scratch disease. Cutaneous anthrax. http://www.acponline.org/bioterro/anthrax/cat_scratch.htm

Bioterrorism Home Overview Anthrax Smallpox ... Email this page Cat-Scratch Disease Cat-scratch disease is a common, benign condition, most often caused by Bartonella henselae . It is transmitted by a bite or scratch of a kitten or a cat with fleas or occasionally, that of an other pet. Peak transmission is in the early fall or winter. The condition characteristically affects children and adults younger than 21 years. The vast majority of patients can recall a history of cat contact, but not all. Typically, within 2 to 3 days of inoculation, a papule develops and progresses to a vesicle, which is followed by proximal lymphadenopathy in about two weeks. Rarely, the primary lesion at the site of inoculation is pustular or nodular. In fewer than 6% of patients, the primary lesion is followed by a generalized macular-papular and morbilliform eruption. The involved lymph nodes are tender, often with overlying erythema; occasionally they can suppurate. The lymphadenopathy subsides spontaneously after several months. The diagnosis of cat-scratch disease is primarily clinical. Differential Diagnosis: Cat-scratch disease can be distinguished from cutaneous anthrax in the following manner.

26. Cat Scratch Disease Cat Scratch Disease. catscratch disease must be strongly considered in the differentialdiagnosis of patients with unexplained symptomatic lymphadenopathy. http://home.teleport.com/~bobh/CatScratchDisease.htm

Head and Neck Exam Common Pathologies of Lymph Nodes Cat Scratch Disease Infectious disorder that begins in the skin but spreads to adjacent lymph nodes. Etiology thought to be bacillus organism Almost all cases arise after contact with a cat, usually a kitten. Lymph node changes develop in about three weeks, often accompanied by fever or malaise. Scratches on the face lead to submandibular lymphadenopathy. Cat-scratch disease must be strongly considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with unexplained symptomatic lymphadenopathy. The infection can also present as an intraoral mass in the buccal mucosa. Scratches in the pre-auricular area may localized in parotid lymphoid tissue and cause significant parotid pain or temporary facial paralysis. During the past decade, an unusual subcutaneous vascular proliferation, histopathologically similar to histiocytoid hemangioma has been recognized in patients with AIDS. Back Contents Next

27. Member Sign In catscratch disease in Texas from Infections in Medicine ® JaredM. Frandson, MPH, Julie Rawlings, MPH, Christine R. Burgess, MPH http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/410099

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28. Member Sign In Pediatric Bulletin Azithromycin and catscratch disease from Infectionsin Medicine ® Benjamin Estrada, MD, University of South http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/417381

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29. Branch Retinal Artery Occlusion Associated With Cat Scratch Disease PS Since this case report was prepared, Ormerod et al described two patients withposterior segment involvement secondary to catscratch disease, one of whom http://www.vitreoussociety.org/journal/vol1no2/cases/goldstein/catbrao.htm

Unilateral Recurrent Branch Retinal Artery Occlusion and Development of Neovascularization Associated with B. hensellae and B. quintana Burton G. Goldstein, M.D. The Vitreous Society Online Journal [serial online] 1998 Jan- [ cited 1998 Jul 1 ];1 (2) [10 screens]. Available from: URL: http//www.vitreoussociety.org First posted on or about July 1, 1998. No revisions. From the Department of Ophthalmology, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL. The author has no proprietary interest in any medication or device described in this manuscript. Reprints not available. Correspondence: Burton G. Goldstein, M.D., 320 Oakfield Drive, Suite B, Brandon, FL 33511; phone: (813) 685-0001; fax: (813) 685-0008. Case Report The patient returned on September 17 with a one week history of a scotoma in the left lower visual field of the right eye. On examination, his visual acuity was unchanged. There were two 600 and 700 micron retinal infiltrates in the superonasal posterior-pole, one just above and one below the superotemporal arcade. There was extensive granular-yellow-white material within the superotemporal arterial segment. (Fig. 1) Figure 1. Retinal infiltrates and granular yellow-white material within the superotemporal arteriole.

30. Cat Scratch Fever Prospective randomized double blind placebocontrolled evaluation of azithromycinfor treatment of cat-scratch disease. cat-scratch disease (CSD). http://www.kcom.edu/faculty/chamberlain/Website/lectures/lecture/catfever.htm

Lymphoreticular and Hematopoetic Infections Return to syllabus CAT-SCRATCH FEVER General Goal: To know the major cause(s) of this disease, how it is transmitted, and the major manifestations of the disease. Specific Educational Objectives The student should be able to: 1. recite the most common causes of cat-scratch fever (shape and gram stain?). 2. describe the common means of transmission. 3. describe the major manifestations of this infection. 4. describe how you diagnose, treat and prevent this infection. Reading: MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY by P.R. Murray, K.S. Rosenthal, G.S. Kobayashi and M.A. Pfaller, 3rd Edition. pp. Lecture : Dr. Neal R. Chamberlain References: 1. eMedicine: Cat Scratch Fever 2. Chomel BB, Abbott RC, Kasten RW, Floyd-Hawkins KA, Kass PH, Glaser CA, Pedersen NC, Koehler JE. 1995. Bartonella henselae prevalence in domestic cats in California: risk factors and association between bacteremia and antibody titers. J Clin Microbiol Sep;33(9):2445-50 3. Bass JW, Freitas BC, Freitas AD, et al. Prospective randomized double blind placebo-controlled evaluation of azithromycin for treatment of cat-scratch disease. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1998;17:447-452. Cat-Scratch Disease in Texas.

31. JAMA -- Page Not Found Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report catscratch disease in ChildrenTexas, September 2000–August 2001 MMWR. 2002;51212-214. http://jama.ama-assn.org/issues/v287n20/ffull/jwr0522-2.html

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32. Cat-scratch Disease Infectious Diseases Fact Sheets. catscratch disease. Thorough cleaning ofcat scratches and bites might also help. What is cat-scratch disease? http://www.r04.tdh.state.tx.us/ERT/disease/Cat-Scratch.html

Return to PHR 4/5N Home Page Go to TDH Web Site ERT Home About ERT ... ERT Links Infectious Diseases Fact Sheets Cat-Scratch Disease Cat-scratch disease is a bacterial disease that results from a scratch or bite by a cat. Persons with cat-scratch disease can have a range of illnesses from mild to severe. Cat-scratch disease usually causes swollen lymph glands near the site of the scratch or bite. Most people get better on their own in about 3 weeks. To prevent cat-scratch disease, avoid provoking cats and kittens. Thorough cleaning of cat scratches and bites might also help. What is cat-scratch disease? Cat-scratch disease is an infectious disease that results from a scratch or bite by a cat. Persons with cat-scratch disease can have a range of illnesses from mild to severe. What is the infectious agent that causes cat-scratch disease? Cat-scratch disease is caused by Bartonella henselae , a bacterium.

33. Genesis Health System - Detailed Disease Info - Cat-scratch Disease catscratch disease. Bartonella Infections, Including cat-scratch disease. In Harrison'sPrinciples of Internal Medicine, edited by Anthony S. Fauci, et al. http://www.genesishealth.com/micromedex/detaileddisease/00041730.aspx

Facility Information DeWitt Comm Hosp Genesis Medical Ctr Illini Hospital Genesis Health Grp VNA Cat-scratch disease Definition Cat-scratch disease is an uncommon infection that typically results from a cat's scratch or bite. Most sufferers experience only moderate discomfort and find that their symptoms clear up without any lasting harm after a few weeks or months. Professional medical treatment is rarely needed. Description Cat-scratch disease (also called cat-scratch fever) is caused by the Bartonella henselae bacterium, which is found in cats around the world and is transmitted from cat to cat by fleas. Researchers have discovered that large numbers of North American cats carry antibodies for the disease (meaning that the cats have been infected at some point in their lives). Some parts of North America have much higher rates of cat infection than others, however. Bartonella henselae is uncommon or absent in cold climates, which fleas have difficulty tolerating, but prevalent in warm, humid places such as Memphis, Tennessee, where antibodies were found in 71% of the cats tested. The bacterium, which remains in a cat's bloodstream for several months after infection, seems to be harmless to most cats, and normally an infected cat will not display any symptoms. Kittens (cats less than one year old) are more likely than adult cats to be carrying the infection. Bartonella henselae can infect people who are scratched or (more rarely) bitten or licked by a cat. It cannot be passed from person to person. Although cats are popular pets found in about 30% of American households, human infection appears to be rare. One study estimated that for every 100,000 Americans there are only 2.5 cases of cat-scratch disease each year(2.5/100,000). It is also unusual for more than one family member to become ill; a Florida investigation discovered multiple cases in only 3.5% of the families studied. Children and teenagers appear to be the most likely victims of cat-scratch disease, although the possibility exists that the disease may be more common among adults than previously thought.

34. Cat-Scratch Disease (new) Reviews. Adal KA, Cockerell CJ, Petri WA Cat scratch disease, bacillary angiomatosisand other infections due to Rochalimaea. catscratch disease. http://www.pedid.chkd.org/028.htm

Chapter Kenneth M. Zangwill Reviews Adal KA, Cockerell CJ, Petri WA: Cat scratch disease, bacillary angiomatosis and other infections due to Rochalimaea N Engl J Med Anderson BE, Neuman MA: Bartonella spp. as emerging human pathogens. Clin Microbiol Rev Bass JW, Vincent JM, Person DA: The expanding spectrum of Bartonella infections: I. Bartonellosis and trench fever. Pediatr Infect Dis J Bass JW, Vincent JM, Person DA: The expanding spectrum of Bartonella infections: II. Cat-scratch disease. Pediatr Infect Dis J Koehler JE: Bartonella infections. Adv Pediatr Infect Dis EPIDEMIOLOGY Zangwill KM, Hamilton DH, Perkins BA, et al: Cat scratch disease in Connecticut: Epidemiology, risk factors, and evaluation of a new diagnostic test. N Engl J Med ETIOLOGY Chomel BB, Abbott RC, Kasten RW, et al: Bartonella henselae prevalence in domestic cats in California: Risk factors and association between bacteremia and antibody titers. J Clin Microbiol Koehler JE, Glaser CA, Tappero JW:

35. Cat Scratch Disease Information from Your Family Doctor. catscratch disease What is cat-scratch disease,and how do people get it? What are the signs of cat-scratch disease? http://www.yelmfamilymedicine.com/articles/cat_scratch_disease.htm

Information from Your Family Doctor Cat-Scratch Disease What is cat-scratch disease, and how do people get it? Cat-scratch disease is an infection caused by bacteria (germs) carried in cat saliva. The bacteria can be passed from a cat to a human. Cats may get the bacteria from fleas, although this hasn't been proved. You can get cat-scratch disease from a cat bite or cat scratch. You can get the infection after a cat scratches you if the cat's paws have the bacteria on them. (A cat can get the bacteria on its paws when it licks itself.) With a cat bite, the cat can pass the bacteria to you in its saliva. You can also get the bacteria in your eyes if you pet a cat that has the bacteria on its fur and then rub your eye with the hand you used to pet the cat. Many people who get cat-scratch disease do not remember being scratched or bitten by a cat. Cat-scratch disease is not a severe illness in people who are healthy. But it can be a problem in people with weak immune systems. People with weak immune systems include those who are receiving chemotherapy for cancer, those who have diabetes or those who have acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Should I call my doctor if I am bitten or scratched by a cat?

36. CFA Health Committee - Cat Scratch Disease (CSD) For almost 100 years, cat scratches have been associated with illness in people. Cat Scratch disease Category Health Animal Pets Cats Conditions and diseases......Feline Health. Feline Asthma; Inflammatory Bowel disease; Cat Scratchdisease; Feline Diabetes; Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV); Feline http://www.cfainc.org/health/csd.html

Feline Health Feline Asthma Inflammatory Bowel Disease Cat Scratch Disease Feline Diabetes ... Feline Bladder Stones and Urinary Obstructions This feline health article can now be found on the Winn Feline Foundation web site at: http://www.WinnFelineHealth.org/health.html contributed to this site. Please send comments to

37. The Winn Feline Foundation - Health Article Cat Scratch disease. Cat Scratch disease by Susan Little, DVM. Cat Scratch disease(CSD) is also called Cat Scratch Fever and benign lymphoreticulosis. http://www.winnfelinehealth.org/health/csd.html

A Winn Foundation Health Article On ... Cat Scratch Disease Cat Scratch Disease by Susan Little, DVM For almost 100 years, cat scratches have been associated with illness in people. Cat Scratch Disease (CSD) is also called Cat Scratch Fever and benign lymphoreticulosis. While CSD is found all over the world, it is an uncommon disease. One estimate by the Centers for Disease Control found that there were 2.5 cases of CSD per 100,000 people per year in the United States. While multiple cases of CSD in one household can occur, this situation is rare. A study in Florida found that more than one member of a family contracted CSD only 3.5% of the time. The majority of individuals who contract CSD are under the age of 17, and are usually under the age of 12. Typically, a small skin lesion (resembling an insect bite) develops at the site of a cat scratch or (less commonly) a bite, followed within two weeks by swollen lymph nodes and sometimes a fever. The illness is mild and self-limiting in the majority of patients, although it may take some months for the swollen lymph nodes to return to normal. Treatment is usually not required. Reports over the last few years, however, have extended the spectrum of problems associated with CSD to include such things as tonsillitis, encephalitis, hepatitis, pneumonia and other serious illnesses in a very small number of cases. People with compromised immune systems, such as AIDS and cancer patients, are most at risk and can become most seriously ill.

38. Infectious Diseases - Cat Scratch Disease Infectious diseases. CAT SCRATCH disease. Traditionally the diagnosis of cat scratchdisease has required the fulfillment of three of the following criteria http://www.mc.vanderbilt.edu/peds/pidl/infect/catscrat.htm

PIDL Home/ Contents Development Nutrition Acute Illness ... Psychosocial Infectious Diseases CAT SCRATCH DISEASE Cat scratch disease is generally a subacute illness characterized by regional lymphadenitis following the scratch of a cat, frequently a young kitten. A primary lesion develops at the site of inoculation in 50-95% of cases, usually within 1-2 weeks of inoculation. The primary lesion is typically a single papule that is 2-5 mm in diameter. Regional lymphadenopathy subsequently occurs in most patients and is commonly seen in axillary, inguinal, epitrochlear, cervical, and submandibular nodes. The involved lymph nodes are usually tender and approximately 40% are suppurative. Lymphadenopathy generally persists for 4-6 weeks. Other associated symptoms include fever in 1/3 of patients, anorexia, malaise, fatigue, and headache. Laboratory evaluation may demonstrate a mild leukocytosis, eosinophilia, and an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Traditionally the diagnosis of cat scratch disease has required the fulfillment of three of the following criteria: a history of contact with a cat with an associated scratch or eye lesion; a positive cat scratch skin test; a negative laboratory evaluation for other causes of adenopathy; and a typical histological appearance including lymphoid hyperplasia and granuloma formation with central areas of necrosis containing neutrophils.

39. National AIDS Treatment Information Project: Cat Scratch Disease Cat Scratch disease. What is cat scratch disease? Cat scratch disease. Whatis the relationship between cat scratch disease and HIV disease? Cat http://www.natip.org/cat.html

RETURN TO INDEX Cat Scratch Disease What is cat scratch disease? What is the relationship between cat scratch disease and HIV disease? What are the symptoms and signs of cat scratch disease? How is it diagnosed? ... How can it be prevented? What is cat scratch disease? Cat scratch disease, also known as bacillary angiomatosis, is an infection caused by an organism with the name Bartonella . Cat scratch disease most often affects the skin and lymph nodes, but can also involve the internal organs. In some persons, domestic cats have been identified as the source of the infection that causes cat scratch disease. What is the relationship between cat scratch disease and HIV disease? Cat scratch disease is an infrequent opportunistic infection in HIV disease. It can occur at any stage of HIV infection but appears more likely to spread internally in persons with advanced disease. What are the symptoms and signs of cat scratch disease? The most common sign of cat scratch disease is raised skin lesions, which are red to purple in color and may number from a few to over 100. They are found on the face, trunk, arms, and legs, but generally not on the palms or soles. If cat scratch disease spreads internally, it can cause

40. MEDLINEplus Medical Encyclopedia: Cat Scratch Disease Cat scratch disease. Causes, incidence, and risk factors Return totop. Cat scratch disease is caused by Bartonella henselae. The http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001614.htm

Skip navigation Medical Encyclopedia Other encyclopedia topics: A-Ag Ah-Ap Aq-Az B-Bk ... Z Cat scratch disease Contents of this page: Illustrations Alternative names Definition Causes, incidence, and risk factors ... Prevention Illustrations Cat scratch disease Antibodies Alternative names Return to top CSD; Cat Scratch Fever; Bartonellosis; Bacillary angiomatotis (similar to CSD); Oroya fever - "Carrion's disease" (similar to CSD) Definition Return to top Cat scratch disease is an infectious illness caused by the bacteria Bartonella , believed to be transmitted by cat scratches, bites, or exposure to cat saliva. This leads to swelling of the lymph nodes ( lymphadenopathy ) near the site of the scratch or bite. Causes, incidence, and risk factors Return to top Cat scratch disease is caused by Bartonella henselae . The disease is spread through contact with an infected cat, as a result of a cat bite or scratch, or contact with cat saliva on broken skin or the conjunctiva of the eye. Lymph node swelling begins about 2 to 3 weeks after exposure and may persist for months. Swelling may occur at the site of the initial infection followed by enlarged lymph nodes along the lymph drainage route from the injury site.

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