41. Cat Scratch Disease: Diagnosis And Management Cat scratch disease Diagnosis and management. Infectious SUMMARY. Bhenselae is the causative agent of cat scratch disease. Available http://www.cps.ca/english/statements/ID/id96-06.htm

Cat scratch disease: Diagnosis and management Infectious Diseases and Immunization Committee , Canadian Paediatric Society (CPS) Reference No. ID96-06 Reaffirmed April 2002 Index of position statements from the Infectious Diseases and Immunization Committee Reprints of this position statement are available from the Canadian Paediatric Society, 100-2204 Walkley Road, Ottawa ON K1G 4G8; phone: (613) 526-9397; fax: (613) 526-3332. Contents Epidemiology Clinical Presentation Diagnosis Therapy ... References Although cat (kitten) scratch disease (CSD) was first recognized years ago, only recently has there been progress in identifying its causative agent, Bartonella henselae. B henselae has recently been identified as the causative organism. Serological testing for this organism in humans and their cats, as well as the culture of B henselae and the detection of B henselae DNA from lymph nodes in patients with clinical disease, supports the role of this organism in CSD (3-6). B henselae was known as Rochalimaea henselae before 1993, when it was reclassified based on 16S rRNA sequence analysis (7).

42. Ani-Med - Pet Care Information Tips VI. Cats Health Cat Scratch disease, INDEX. Formerly known as catscratch fever, cat scratch disease was first described in 1950. http://www.animed.org/cats_cat_scratch_fever.htm

VI. Cats - Health: Cat Scratch Disease INDEX Formerly known as cat scratch fever, cat scratch disease was first described in 1950. Since then and up until today, mysteries abound around this disease that can be transmitted from cats to humans. It is estimated that every year about 24,000 people contract cat scratch disease, which is caused by tiny bacteria known as Bartonella henselae. It usually clears up on its own in about 6 to 12 weeks, but the symptoms-including fever, weakness, sore throat, and swollen, painful lymph nodes in the arms, neck and groin-can be unsettling. Felines act as carriers of this pesky pathogen, which has also been found in fleas. Although the evidence is not 100-percent conclusive, these fleas most likely pass the infection on to their feline hosts, who never exhibit any clinical signs of infection. Research suggests that about 40 percent of cats who do become exposed to the bacteria develop immunity to it. The bacteria can be passed on yet again when a cat carrying the bacteria scratches-and breaks the skin of-his human owner. The risk of infection increases if your pet has fleas, and rises even higher if he is still a kitten.

43. Cat Scratch Disease (Bartonellosis) ~ Pawprints And Purrs Bartonellosis, also known as 'Cat Scratch disease' or 'Cat Scratch Fever',is an infectious disease of humans. Evidence is increasing http://www.sniksnak.com/cathealth/catscratch.html

HOME Table of Contents Animal Message Board Cat Health ... Wealth of Resources Home of the Bachman Kiddens Any health care links located here are NOT to replace a veterinarian visit; please take your cat to a vet immediately at any sign of odd behavior or any symptoms of illness or injury. Call your vet and describe your cat's symptoms with any of your concerns about the cat's well-being. Your veterinarian may discover changes in your cat's health that you have overlooked. It is always better to err on the side of caution. Cat Scratch Disease (Bartonellosis) Bartonellosis, also known as Cat Scratch Disease or Cat Scratch Fever , is an infectious disease of humans. Evidence is increasing that perhaps the cat becomes infected with the causative organism, but it does not appear to produce any disease in the cat. Very little is known or understood about the role of the cat as a reservoir for this disease. What are the risk factors? A cat scratch is sometimes, but not always, associated with this disease. In one study, 99% of patients with CSD had exposure to cats. An increased risk of transmission is present when a kitten is involved, as opposed to adult cats. Most cases are reported in the fall and winter, but the reason for its apparent seasonality remains unknown.

44. Cat Scratch Disease Bug Bytes Volume 1 Number 1. Cat Scratch disease. Cat scratch disease (CSD), is themost common cause of chronic, benign adenopathy in children and young adults. http://www.ccm.lsuhsc-s.edu/BugBytes/Volume1/bb-v1n3.htm

Bug Bytes Volume 1 Number 1 Cat Scratch Disease Afipia felis and Rochalimaea enselae, R. henselae is most often etiologic. Most cases of CSD do not require therapy, but in patients with severe local pain or systemic symptoms, antibiotics (ciprofloxacin, doxycycline, or erythromycin) may be of value. Because ciprofloxacin and doxycycline should be avoided in childhood, erythromycin, 500 mg BID, is the preferred treatment in children. Three species of Rochalimaea are known to cause disease: R. quintana R. henselae , and R. elizabethae R. henselae also causes Bacteremia, Bacillary Angiomatosis, Bacillary Peliosis Hepatitis, and can invade virtually any organ. R. quintana (the agent of Trench Fever) can cause Bacillary Angiomatosis, and R. elizabethae can cause endocarditis. Bacillary Angiomatosis and Bacillary Peliosis Hepatitis most often occur in patients with AIDS, rarely in the immunocompetent, and should be treated promptly. Points to remember Both R. henselae and less commonly A. felis can cause Cat Scratch Disease.

45. Cat Scratch Disease Encyclopedia Index C cat scratch disease, Search. cat scratch disease. Catscratch disease is an infection caused by the bacterium Bartonella henselae. http://www.drhull.com/EncyMaster/C/cat_scratch_disease.html

Help for sleepless parents Encyclopedia Index C cat scratch disease Search cat scratch disease Cat scratch disease is an infection caused by the bacterium Bartonella henselae It really is transmitted by cat scratches (kittens seem to be worse about it - maybe they just scratch more). It is not contagious from human to human. One theory is that the cats might get it from their fleas, which carry the germ. The germ is found in the mouths of kittens, and presumably is transmitted to the claws during normal preening. It disappears from the mouth as the kitten grows older. The germ is also suspected to be transmitted through flea feces under the claws of cats. Now that new flea treatments make it possible to more or less rid cats of fleas, some infectious disease experts recommend flea treatment - especially if the cat lives with an immunocompromised patient (chemotherapy, HIV infection). The disease starts with the scratch, which heals without incident. Then a tiny sore is noticed at the site of the scratch. This happens from 7-12 days after the scratch. Then from 5 to 50 days after the sore appears, a local lymph node will be noticed to be swollen and perhaps a little tender.

46. CAT SCRATCH DISEASE ABOUT ZOONOSES. CAT SCRATCH disease. CAT SCRATCH disease. Cat scratch disease(CSD) is caused by Bartonella henselae, a gramnegative bacterium. http://maxshouse.com/Cat_Scratch_Disease.htm

Max's House FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS ABOUT ZOONOSES CAT SCRATCH DISEASE Michael G. Groves, DVM, MPH, PhD, DACVPM (Epidemiol), Professor and Department Head, Department of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University; Director, Louisiana Veterinary Medical Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Agriculture, Baton Rouge, Louisiana CAT SCRATCH DISEASE Cat scratch disease (CSD) is caused by Bartonella henselae, a gram-negative bacterium. As the name suggests, it is carried by cats and is usually associated with catinflicted trauma, e.g., a scratch (in most cases) or a bite. Some 22,000 people reportedly have this disease each year, but its incidence is probably much higher because most cases are, asymptornatic. Clinical CSD in humans typically is characterized by swollen, painful lymph nodes, usually those immediately proximal to the site of inoculation; lowgrade fever, muscle aches, and general malaise are common. In more than 90 per cent of cases the disease is mild and self-limited, and symptoms resolve without treatment within a few weeks to a few months. More severe disease that requires hospitalization does occur. Rarely, B. henselae

47. Grand Rounds Archives literature. CAT SCRATCH disease Mitch Brock, MD January 25, 1992. Cat scratchdisease is primarily a disease of children and youngadults. It http://www.bcm.tmc.edu/oto/grand/12592.html

Grand Rounds Archives The information contained within the Grand Rounds Archive is intended for use by doctors and other health care professionals. These documents were prepared by resident physicians for presentation and discussion at a conference held at The Baylor College of Medicine in Houston, Texas. No guarantees are made with respect to accuracy or timeliness of this material. This material should not be used as a basis for treatment decisions, and is not a substitute for professional consultation and/or peer-reviewed medical literature. CAT SCRATCH DISEASE Mitch Brock, MD January 25, 1992 The first description in the literature of Cat Scratch Diseaseis credited to Henri Parinaud in 1889. Writing in the Frenchliterature, he described a case of conjunctival granulomatousinflammation with ipsilateral preauricular adenopathy, a syndromewhich now bears his name. In 1931 Dr. Robert Debré describeda case of a boy with a cat scratch on his hand associated witha suppurative epitrochlear lymph node. He is credited with recognizingthe cat as the vector of this illness and coined the term "catscratch disease". Foshay noticed similar cases in the UnitedStates and independently named the condition "cat fever". A series of 160 cases was reported by Daniels in 1954, stimulatinginterest in cat scratch disease in this country. A skin testwas developed by Hanger and Rose in 1946. Cat scratch disease is primarily a disease of children and youngadults. It is classically described as a "subacute regionallymphadenitis", and occurs worldwide with no racial or sexpredilection. Although this disorder is strongly associated withcats, other animals have also been implicated. Reports may befound of transmission by dogs, rabbits, and monkeys. A few anecdotalcases have also been described involving transmission by porcupinequills and fish bones.

48. Cat Scratch Disease Cat scratch disease. Case 46year-old male with swelling of the rightsubmandibular region. Enhanced CT shows multiple masses with http://w3.dh.nagasaki-u.ac.jp/cgi-bin/t_file2?code=NINB

49. Cat Scratch Disease . Cat scratch disease. 46? .?.. Back Back Back Dept. Radiology, Nagasaki Univ. http://w3.dh.nagasaki-u.ac.jp/cgi-bin/t_file3?code=NINB

50. Press Release: Ticks Have Potential To Transmit Cat Scratch Disease TICKS HAVE POTENTIAL TO TRANSMIT CAT SCRATCH disease. Contact JimSliwa (202) 9429297 jsliwa@asmusa.org. WASHINGTON, DC – April http://www.asmusa.org/pcsrc/releases/catskrat.htm

TICKS HAVE POTENTIAL TO TRANSMIT CAT SCRATCH DISEASE Contact: Jim Sliwa jsliwa@asmusa.org WASHINGTON, DC – April 12, 2001 Cat scratch disease may no longer be the appropriate name for the malady caused by the bacterium Bartonella henselae . Researchers at the University of California, Davis, have discovered evidence of the organism in ticks, suggesting that the arthropod has the potential to transmit the disease. They report their results in the April 2001 issue of the Journal of Clinical Microbiology "We cannot say for certain that ticks are vectors of these diseases, but at the least we can say they carry Bartonella DNA and could be potential vectors," says Dr. Bruno Chomel, Professor of Zoonoses at UC Davis and one of the investigators on the study. Working on the hypothesis that ticks may serve as a transmission vector for Bartonella bacteria, Dr. Chomel and his associates tested Ixodes pacificus ticks from the coastal range area of California (which includes the San Francisco area) for the presence of Bartonella DNA. "We found that almost 20% of the ticks were positive, a percentage that's even higher than for known tick-borne diseases like

51. Expert Advice -- Cat Scratch Disease: Causes And Treatment From what is currently known, it seems that antibiotics do not helpin the typical course of cat scratch disease. Click Here! http://www.parentsoup.com/experts/ped/qas/0,,197371_416854,00.html

var cimsCid = ''; var cimsUid = '416854'; main COMMUNITY Message Boards Chats ... Community Challenges find on iVillage on astrology on babies on beauty on books on food on health on lamaze.com on money on parenting on pets on relationships on women.com on work MAGAZINES on Cosmopolitan on Country Living on Good Housekeeping on House Beautiful on Marie Claire on Redbook on Victoria you are here: iVillage parent soup experts pediatrician ... Talent Test more centers iMaternity RECOMMENDED Find Out What Your Child's Name Means Top Children's Names by Decade Birthday Parties Made Easy Best Ways to Discipline Your Child ... 4 Things Every Stay-at-Home Mom Needs to Know WHAT'S NEW 10 Best Travel Games 10 Steps to Potty Training Your Toddler 40 Ways to Balance Work and Family TOPICS Adoption Cats Dogs Living with animals ... Pets A-Z FEATURES Boards Chats Debates Experts ... Workshops FREE NEWSLETTERS Parent Soup ParentsPlace more newsletters Cat Scratch Disease: Causes and Treatment What is cat scratch disease, and what are its symptoms? Robert Steele, M.D. Robert W. Steele, M.D., is a board certified pediatrician at St. John's Regional Health Center in Springfield, MO. He graduated from medical school at Vanderbilt University School of Medicine in Nashville, TN. Cat scratch disease is an interesting infection because, while the disease has been known since 1931, it wasn't until relatively recently (about 1994) that the actual cause of it was identified. Cat scratch disease is identified primarily by typical symptoms and course of events.

52. CAT SCRATCH DISEASE Pediatric Database (PEDBASE); Discipline ID; Last Updated 12/25/94CAT SCRATCH disease. DEFINITION A benign, selflimited regional http://www.icondata.com/health/pedbase/files/CATSCRAT.HTM

Pediatric Database (PEDBASE) Discipline: ID Last Updated: 12/25/94 CAT SCRATCH DISEASE DEFINITION: A benign, self-limited regional lymphadenitis characterized by a tender regional lymphadenopathy lasting up to 3 weeks. EPIDEMIOLOGY: incidence: 6.6/100,000 age of onset: less than 21 years of age in 80-90% of cases risk factors: exposure to cats (see below) PATHOGENESIS: 1. Background association of lymphadenitis with cat scratches first described by Robert Debre in 1931 route of transmission: 90% of patients give a history of being exposed to a cat 75% of these have experienced a cat scratch or bite kittens with fleas or kittens 12 months old or younger pose the greatest risk may also become infected if a skin abrasion has been licked by an infected cat or through conjunctival inoculation site - inoculation site found in 65% of patients cats which transmit the infection show no evidence of in-fection dogs have been implicated in about 5% of cases 2. Pathogenesis the primary pathogen appears to be Rochalimaea henselae (a rickettsia) but may also be Afipia felis (a gram-negative bacil-lus) more than 80% of the infected lymph nodes are found on the head, neck, arms, and axillae

53. Cat Scratch Disease - Fact Sheet #16 CAT SCRATCH disease Cat Scratch Fever, Benign Lymphoreticulosis, Benign nonbacterialLymphadenitis, Bacillary Angiomatosis, Bacillary Peliosis Hepatis. http://www.ksu.edu/research/animal/occhs/fact16.htm

Occupational Health - Zoonotic Disease Fact Sheet #16 CAT SCRATCH DISEASE [Cat Scratch Fever, Benign Lymphoreticulosis, Benign nonbacterial Lymphadenitis, Bacillary Angiomatosis, Bacillary Peliosis Hepatis] SPECIES: cats AGENT: Controversial disease - it is not currently possible to definitively name the causative agent responsible for CSD. Felt to be either Afipia felis, a gram-negative rod or Rochalimaea henselae and Rochalimaea quintana. Both are members of class Proteobacteria and both are intracellular parasitic bacteria. RESERVOIR AND INCIDENCE: Associated with domestic cats throughout the USA, and worldwide. Over 6000 cases annually. Seen more often in men than in women . Have seen clusters of infection within families within a 2 to 3 week period, suggesting that shedding by cats may occur periodically. Other sources of infection have included scratches from other species including dogs, squirrels, and goats and from wounds induced by crab claws, barbed wire, and plant material. TRANSMISSION: 90% of patients have been exposed to a cat. 75% of these have been bitten, scratched, or licked. Most affected individuals are

54. VetCentric - Cat Scratch Disease, Bartonella Hense Encyclopedia Entry Illness. Category Feline. Cat scratch disease, Bartonellahenselae Cat scratch disease or fever. AffectedAnimals Humans. http://www.vetcentric.com/reference/encycEntry.cfm?ENTRY=35&COLLECTION=EncycIlln

55. VetCentric - Cat Scratch Disease, Bartonella Hense Encyclopedia Entry . Category Feline. Cat scratch disease, Bartonellahenselae Cat scratch disease or fever. AffectedAnimals Humans. http://www.vetcentric.com/reference/encycEntry.cfm?ENTRY=Cat Scratch Disease, Fe

56. HealthlinkUSA Cat Scratch Disease Links Try it, you'll love it! AhHa. Click here for page 1 of Cat Scratch Diseaseinformation from the HealthlinkUSA directory. Save on Drugs Here. http://www.healthlinkusa.com/406ent.htm

57. Cat Scratch Disease; Treatment, Prevention, Cure Cat Scratch diseaseSearch information from many of the best Cat Scratchdisease health sites. To prevent Cat Scratch disease http://www.healthlinkusa.com/content/406.html

Latest Health News Find Drug Information Health Calculators All Words Any Words A B C D ... Z Sunday, March 30, 2003 Alternative therapy struggles to bridge East-West divide Click here to read more Doctors are not following guidelines recommending flu and pneumonia vaccinations for hospitalized adults, leaving millions of elderly patients vulnerable to potentially deadly ailment Click here to read more A helping hand for uninsured; Agencies find ways to provide health care for area children Click here to read more The government has approved the first generic version of the acne drug, Accutane Click here to read more Gates to give India $100m for AIDS; Microsoft CEO begins controversy-laced trip to fight virus Click here to read more Allergies and Asthma Alternative Medicine Arthritis and Your Health ... Women's Health Sunday March 30, 2003 Spina Bifida: Spina Bifida is a rare birth disorder, affecting approximately 1 in 12-1400 live births. Click here to learn more Craniosynostosis: Sagittal Synostosis...males are affected about three times as often as females. Click here to learn more Spinal Cord Injury: Acts of violence have now overtaken falls as the second most common source of spinal cord injury.

58. Cat Scratch Disease - Lucile Packard Children's Hospital Poisonings. Cat Scratch disease Cat scratches and bites can cause catscratch disease, a bacterial infection carried in cat saliva. http://www.lpch.org/DiseaseHealthInfo/HealthLibrary/poison/catscrat.html

Pediatrics, General General Pediatricians Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology Common Childhood Injuries and Poisonings ... Raising Spirited Children Common Childhood Injuries and Poisonings Cat Scratch Disease Cat scratches and bites can cause cat scratch disease, a bacterial infection carried in cat saliva. The bacteria are passed from a cat to a human after the cat licks its paws then scratches human skin. Rubbing the eyes after petting a cat's fur can also spread cat scratch disease. Young kittens less than 1 year of age are more likely to scratch, increasing the likelihood of infection. What are the symptoms of cat scratch disease? The following are the most common symptoms of cat scratch disease. However, each child may experience symptoms differently. Symptoms may include: a cat bite or scratch that does not heal or worsens over time painful or swollen glands, especially under the armpits flu-like symptoms including headache, lethargy, decreased appetite, fatigue, joint pain, or fever body rash The symptoms of cat scratch disease may resemble other conditions or medical problems. Always consult your child's physician for a diagnosis.

59. Cat Scratch Disease Cat Scratch disease Has Identification of The Causative Agent Been Solved?Cat Scratch disease (CSD) was first recognized more than 60 years ago. http://www.addl.purdue.edu/newsletters/1996/winter/catscracth.shtml

Winter 1996 Newsletter document.write(doClock("M0","%20","D1",",%20","Y0")); Home More Newsletters Director's ... Scrubs Proud to be accredited by the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians Cat Scratch Disease: Has Identification of The Causative Agent Been Solved? United States the incidence of CSD has been estimated at 9.3 cases per 100,000 population each year. In 1983, lymph node biopsies prepared with Warthin-Stany silver stain enabled visualization of pleomorphic organisms. In 1988, a specific bacillus was cultured from the lymph nodes of CSD patients. This motile, gram-negative rod was later named Afipiafelis in honor of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP), where most of the work was performed. This is the organism currently reported to be the etiologic agent of CSD in Veterinary Clinics of North America , Small Animal Practice.

60. Bartonella (Bartonellosis, Cat Scratch Disease, CSD) Bartonella. (Bartonellosis, Cat Scratch disease, CSD). Bartonellais Bartonella (Bartonellosis, Cat Scratch disease, CSD). NIH NLM http://www.geocities.com/HotSprings/Oasis/6455/bartonella-links.html

Bartonella (Bartonellosis, Cat Scratch Disease, CSD) Bartonella is a serious infection, can be caused by a tick bite, and affects humans and animals. Links on this page labeled "MEDLINE" are links to citations of medical and scientific articles from the National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Library of Medicine (NLM) MEDLINE database. Table of Contents NIH NLM MEDLINE Medical and Scientific Information on Bartonella Basic Information on Bartonella Medical or Scientific Articles on Bartonella Media Articles on Bartonella ... Resources for Bartonella For other tick-borne diseases, see: Tick-Borne Diseases Of Humans Other Than Lyme Disease Or "Lyme-like" Disease For information on Lyme disease, see: Lots Of Links On Lyme Disease Bartonella (Bartonellosis, Cat Scratch Disease, CSD) NIH NLM MEDLINE Medical and Scientific Information on Bartonella (cat scratch disease - CSD) MEDLINE - Bartonella OR cat scratch disease [in Title] AND humans - 815 on 14 Aug 01 MEDLINE - cat scratch disease [in Title] - 547 on 14 Aug 01 MEDLINE - bartonella [in Title] - 467 on 14 Aug 01 MEDLINE - bartonella OR cat scratch disease - 1,491 on 14 Aug 01 ... MEDLINE - bartonella OR cat scratch disease AND ticks - 15 on 14 Aug 01 Bartonella species found in ticks and known to be pathogenic to humans Bartonella bacilliformis (Carrion's disease, Oroya fever, verruga peruana)

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