61. Management Of Acute Exacerbations Of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Management of Acute Exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Summary. Managementof Acute Exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. http://www.ahcpr.gov/clinic/epcsums/copdsum.htm

Evidence Report/Technology Assessment: Number 19 Management of Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Summary Under its Evidence-based Practice Program , the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) is developing scientific information for other agencies and organizations on which to base clinical guidelines, performance measures, and other quality improvement tools. Contractor institutions review all relevant scientific literature on assigned clinical care topics and produce evidence reports and technology assessments, conduct research on methodologies and the effectiveness of their implementation, and participate in technical assistance activities. Overview Reporting the Evidence Methodology Findings ... Availability of Full Report Overview Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the fourth leading cause of death in the United States. Affecting 16 million people, it accounts for 13,760,000 office visits and 297,000 hospitalizations annually (at a cost of $18 billion). The natural history of moderate to severe COPD is punctuated by acute exacerbations in which worsening symptoms of dyspnea and an increase in the amount or purulence of sputum may be accompanied by chest discomfort, fever, and other constitutional symptoms. The frequency of exacerbations varies widely from patient to patient, but is generally related to the severity and duration of the underlying COPD. Patients with a history of frequent exacerbations tend to continue to have a high frequency of exacerbations.

62. Management Of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Summary, Redirect The summary of Evidence Report/Technology Assessment Number 19 Managementof chronic obstructive pulmonary disease has been moved. It is now at http://www.ahcpr.gov/clinic/copdsum.htm

The summary of Evidence Report/Technology Assessment: Number 19: Management of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease has been moved. It is now at: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/epcsums/copdsum.htm Please update your bookmarks. AHRQ Home Page

63. 5 + A Day Health - Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The diseases discussedthus far affect primarily middle aged and older individuals, a http://www.5aday.co.nz/health/copd.html

World Health Organisation backs 5+ A Day Scientific Overview A Colourful Approach in the US 5+ A Day Posters in Medical Clinics ... Arthritis Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Obesity 'Report Card' of Health Benefits and Active Compound in Fruit/Vegetable and Associated Condition Produce Nutrition Bibliography ... Print Entire Section Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) The diseases discussed thus far affect primarily middle aged and older individuals, a disease that affects both adults and children, and for which fruits and vegetables may have a beneficial effect is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or COPD. COPD is a collection of diseases affecting the airways -both in the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract and obstructions in the small bronchial tubes. In 1998, COPD was the fourth leading cause of death, affecting 10 - 20% of adults ( ). Common examples of COPD are asthma and bronchitis, each of which affects approximately 15 million people in the U. S. or about 5% of the population. Cook and colleagues reported a beneficial effect on lung function in children who consumed fruit more than once a day compared to those who did not ( ). Salad and green vegetable consumption in this group of British school aged children (8 - 11 years) was also associated with a beneficial effect on lung function but the relationship was weaker than for fresh fruit. Results among adults from Strachan et. al. found winter fruit consumption had a protective effect on lung function compared with those who never drank fruit juice and only ate fresh fruit less than once a week (

64. Alaw.org · Lung Disease · Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Literature. Help Yourselfto Better Breathing A complete resource on breathing techniques http://www.alaw.org/lung_disease/chronic_obstructive_pulmonary_disease/

Over 70% of smokers have said that they would like to quit, but have been unable to do so. Search Childhood Asthma Tobacco Control Air Quality Lung Disease ... Support ALAW Quicklinks: Donate Advocacy and Legislation Master Home Environmentalist Big Ride Across America ... Trek Tri Island Member Sessions: Login Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Literature Help Yourself to Better Breathing A complete resource on breathing techniques and how to cope with lung disease. The American Lung Association of Washington offers current and informative literature on COPD. If you reside in Washington state, call us at 1-800-LUNG-USA These resources are intended for Washington state residents . However, no matter where you live in the United States, including Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands, you can obtain information in your area by calling your local American Lung Association at 1-800-LUNG-USA Support Group The American Lung Association of Washington co-sponsors many lung support groups called Better Breathers Clubs educational support groups in the state.

65. International Guidelines Released On Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD If you like this site, please Email us to a friend! International GuidelinesReleased On chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). http://www.seniors.gov/articles/0401/copd.html

A Portal Site of . . . If you like this site, please E-mail us to a friend! International Guidelines Released On Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) The first international guidelines for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) currently the fourth leading cause of death in the US and worldwide were released today by an international team of scientists from the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (GOLD). The "GOLD Workshop Report", which provides evidence-based recommendations for the clinical management of COPD, is the first step in an international effort to boost awareness of COPD and improve the way it is treated. GOLD was created by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) at the National Institutes of Health and the World Health Organization. According to NHLBI Director Dr. Claude Lenfant, "COPD has become a major public health problem worldwide. That's why we, with the WHO, initiated this program. We hope that this report will increase worldwide awareness of COPD and help the millions of people who suffer from this disease."

66. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) causes severe shortness ofbreath, which can result from chronic bronchitis, emphysema, or both. http://www.healthandage.com/html/res/com/ConsConditions/ChronicObstructivePulmon

Table of Contents Conditions Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Also Listed As: Signs and Symptoms What Causes It? What to Expect at Your Provider's Office Treatment Options ... Supporting Research Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) causes severe shortness of breath, which can result from chronic bronchitis, emphysema, or both. Chronic bronchitis is defined as a constant cough and excessive mucus production that lasts for at least three months for more than two consecutive years. Emphysema is characterized by damage to the lungs, which causes them to lose their elasticity. COPD is the fifth leading cause of death in the United States. Signs and Symptoms Cough (often with phlegm that is hard to "bring up") Shortness of breath during exertion (and eventually, at rest) Excessive mucus production and impaired mucus elimination Wheezing Recurrent respiratory infections What Causes It? Smoking is the number one cause of COPD. It can also be caused by exposure to pollutants. One rare form is inherited. What to Expect at Your Provider's Office Your health care provider will listen to your chest for wheezes, crackles, and decreased breath sounds. If your symptoms are severe, your provider will order a chest X ray and lung-function tests. He or she will measure levels of blood gases in your arteries to determine if your condition might be hereditary. He or she will urge you to quit smoking immediately.

67. Treating An Acute Attack In COPD --- HealthandAge The condition called chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) usedto be known as chronic bronchitis and emphysema. It was extremely http://www.healthandage.com/Home/gid2=468

English site German site March 30, 2003 Home Health Centers HealthandAge Network News ... Primer on Aging Choose Font Size Normal Large Extra Large Treating an acute attack in COPD Treating an acute attack in COPD Summarized by Robert W. Griffith, MD October 11, 1999 (Reviewed: October 10, 2002) The condition called chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) used to be known as chronic bronchitis and emphysema. It was extremely common in the United Kingdom before the introduction of regulations to control "smog" in the major cities. Nowadays it is primarily a disease of cigarette smokers. However, contributing factors include passive exposure to cigarette smoke, increasing age and a tendency to asthma or allergic rhinitis (hay fever). The main symptom is shortness of breath, which is often accompanied by wheezing and excessive production of sputum. The condition is diagnosed by physical examination, a chest x-ray and breathing tests. From time to time a chest infection, starting as a cough or common cold, can bring on an acute attack, when the flow of air to the lungs is reduced due to secretions and sometimes constriction of the smaller airways. These attacks are quite serious, usually requiring hospitalization. Although 90% of patients recover from such an attack, as many as half of them may die within two years, and only a quarter of them will have a good quality of life six months later. Acute attacks in patients with COPD are usually treated with antibiotics, drugs to dilate the small lung airways and to lessen secretions of sputum, and oxygen. The use of steroid hormone drugs was controversial until a few years ago. Recently, physicians are finding that steroid can be beneficial in both stable COPD and in acute attacks. A recent study carried out at Liverpool, UK, has examined the benefits of taking a steroid drug by mouth for an acute attack.

68. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease - BNF chronic obstructive pulmonary disease chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (chronicbronchitis and emphysema) may be helped by an inhaled shortacting beta 2 http://bnf.vhn.net/bnf/documents/bnf.610.html

BNF No. 44 (September 2002) General information and late changes Guidance on prescribing Emergency treatment of poisoning ... Nurse Prescribers' Formulary Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (chronic bronchitis and emphysema) may be helped by an inhaled short-acting beta agonist section 3.1.1.1 ) used as required or when the airways obstruction is more severe, by a regular inhaled antimuscarinic bronchodilator section 3.1.2 or an inhaled long-acting beta agonist if necessary. Although many patients are treated with an inhaled corticosteroid, long-term studies have shown no reduction in the decline in lung function in patients taking regular inhaled corticosteroids ( section 3.2 ). A limited trial of high-dose inhaled corticosteroid or an oral corticosteroid is recommended for patients with moderate airflow obstruction to determine the extent of the airway reversibility and to ensure that asthma has not been overlooked. Long-term oxygen therapy ( section 3.6 ) prolongs survival in some patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. For the management of infections in bronchitis see Table 1, section 5.1.

69. New Brunswick Lung Association: Programs chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). THE COPD / BREATHW@RKS/ ACTI@NAIR PROGRAM. The Lung Association's BreathWorks is a http://www.nb.lung.ca/programs/copd/

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) THE COPD / BREATHW@RKS / ACTI@NAIR PROGRAM The Lung Association's BreathWorks is a public health program created especially to provide free Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) information, resources, and support to Canadians. If you have COPD, think you might have it, or know someone who has it, BreathWorks can help through giving support and practical information, so people can improve their health and quality of life. COPD is either emphysema or chronic bronchitis, but is most often a combination of both. It is usually caused by cigarette smoking. COPD causes the lungs to become obstructed or blocked making it difficult to breathe. It is often diagnosed at a late stage when simple daily tasks and social interactions become challenges. Although there is no cure for COPD, learning to manage COPD allows many people to lead satisfying and hopeful lives. manage your COPD and medications prevent the progression of your disease avoid flare-ups relieve your symptoms cope with physical challenges and emotional hurdles of COPD work with your doctor and much more BreathWorks counsellors and information booklets available through the BreathWorks Helpline or website provide helpful hints on how to stay active, quit smoking, feel better and stronger and more in control of the disease.

70. CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD) Home chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). What is COPD? ChronicObstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a slowly progressive http://www.goldcopd.com/Gold_guidelines/COPD1.html

Home CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD) What is COPD? Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a slowly progressive airway disease that produces a decline in lung function that is not fully reversible. The loss of lung function (airflow limitation) is associated with an abnormal inflammatory response of the lungs to noxious particles or gases. The characteristic symptoms of COPD, cough, sputum production and shortness of breath (dyspnea) on exertion, often precede the development of COPD by many years, although not all individuals with cough and sputum production develop COPD. Is COPD a public health problem? COPD is a major cause of chronic morbidity and mortality throughout the world. The World Health Organization estimates that COPD as a single cause of death shares fourth and fifth place with HIV/AIDS (behind heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, and acute respiratory infection), causing an estimated 2.74 million deaths in 2000. A World Bank/World Health Organization study estimated that COPD was the 12 th ranked burden of disease in 1990 and is expected to rise to the 5 th ranked burden of disease by the year 2020.

71. FACTS ABOUT CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE Home FACTS ABOUT chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The World HealthOrganization estimates that COPD as a single cause of death http://www.goldcopd.com/Gold_guidelines/facts1.html

Home FACTS ABOUT CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE The World Health Organization estimates that COPD as a single cause of death shares fourth and fifth places with HIV/AIDS (after coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease and acute respiratory infection). The WHO estimates that in 2000, 2.74 million people died of COPD worldwide. th as a burden of disease; by 2020, it is estimated that COPD will be ranked 5 th Algeria , the prevalence of tuberculosis and acute respiratory infection has decreased since 1965, and an increase in chronic respiratory diseases (asthma and COPD) has been observed in the last decade. 11 Asian countries surveyed by the Asian Pacific Society of Respiratory Diseases. The use of biomass fuels, especially in the rural areas, contributes towards a higher prevalence of COPD in some of these countries and suggests that COPD may be significantly greater in this region of the world than previously estimated. China, where it is estimated that over 50% of the men smoke, chronic respiratory diseases are the fourth leading cause of death in large urban areas, but the first leading cause of death in rural areas. In China, smoking rates among women remain low (estimated at 6%), although the prevalence of COPD in men and women is about the same. This points to the importance of risk factors other than smoking as a cause for COPD in Chinese women. Malaysia , respiratory illness is the primary cause of visits to health clinics and outpatient hospital clinics. It is estimated that 50% of the male population smokes, with higher rates in the rural areas than the urban areas.

72. Health.com :: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease What you need to know about chronic obstructive pulmonary disease fromHealthMag.com. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease WHAT IS IT? http://www.health.com/health/wynks/COPDWYNK2000-MAL/

CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE WHAT IS IT? Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a catch-all term for two lung diseases: chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Both are almost always caused by smoking and both do long-term damage to your lungs. You can have each separately or both at once. Chronic bronchitis irritates and narrows the air passages in your lungs, causing "smoker's cough." (Chronic means you may have the disease for the rest of your life-with symptoms that come and go.) This illness affects more than 14 million Americans. Many people think chronic bronchitis isn't serious. But it kills thousands of Americans each year and, if left untreated, it can lead to emphysema. Emphysema is less common but much more deadly. It damages the air sacs in your lungs so they can't pass along oxygen to your blood. About 2 million Americans have this disease. When you have COPD, you cough and feel short of breath. In the early stages, this happens once in a while-in the morning, or when you run, climb stairs, or exert yourself in some other way. But as the disease progresses, you may begin to have these symptoms most of the time. COPD is the fourth leading cause of death in the United States. In 1997, it killed more than 100,000 Americans. While COPD can't be reversed, you can slow its progress and manage its symptoms-if you stop smoking and get treatment.

73. The DRM WebWatcher: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) A Disability Resources Monthly guide to the best online resourcesabout chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). http://www.disabilityresources.org/COPD.html

Home WebWatcher Regional Librarians ... Contact Us The DRM WebWatcher Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Updated 11/27/2000 A B C D ... About/Hint/Link According to the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, "Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), also called chronic obstructive lung disease, is a term that is used for two closely related diseases of the respiratory system: chronic bronchitis and emphysema. In many patients these diseases occur together, although there may be more symptoms of one than the other." Here are some valuable resources on COPD. American Association for Respiratory Care (AARC) This professional association's web site includes a variety of consumer fact sheets on COPD, such as Exercising Safely with COPD Lessening the Effects of COPD Eating Right: Tips for the COPD Patient , and Check Your Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease I.Q Basic facts about what COPD is and how it is treated. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease An informative booklet from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute that explains what COPD and its components are. Separate chapters cover causes, diagnosis, treatment, coping, and research. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Center This section of the Colorado HealthSite includes information and links relating to COPD definitions, facts, and statistics; education and treatment centers; new developments; medications; support services; on- and off-line resources; a question-and-answer page; and much more.

74. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease The largest and most comprehensive US survey to date of patient and provider knowledge, attitudes, Category Health Conditions and Diseases......Confronting COPD in America, the most comprehensive US survey on this disease everconducted, aims to change that. Learn about the survey. Learn about COPD. http://www.copdinamerica.org/

COPD: It affects twice as many Americans as diabetes. Yet many people affected by COPD know too little about it. Confronting COPD in America , the most comprehensive US survey on this disease ever conducted, aims to change that. Learn about the survey. Learn about COPD. This site is intended for US residents only. Legal Notices Privacy Statement Contact Us

75. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Month Proclamation the authority vested in me by the Constitution and laws of the United States, dohereby proclaim November 2001, as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Month. http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2001/11/20011109-28.html

Policies in Focus National Security Homeland Security Economic Security More Issues News Current News Video Press Briefings Proclamations ... Radio Addresses News by Date March 2003 February 2003 January 2003 December 2002 ... January 2001 Appointments Nominations Application Photos Photo Essays Federal Facts Federal Statistics West Wing History Home Proclamation Archives For Immediate Release Office of the Press Secretary November 9, 2001 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Month Proclamation By the President of the United States of America A Proclamation Approximately 16 million American adults suffer from a devastating disease for which there is no cure. The disease is called Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), and it is a growing problem in this country and throughout the world. COPD claims more than 100,000 lives per year, drains the American economy of an estimated $30.4 billion each year, and is the fourth leading cause of death in the United States today, exceeded only by heart disease, cancer, and stroke. COPD is a medical term for a group of respiratory conditions that includes emphysema and chronic bronchitis. COPD results in gradual, irreversible damage to the lungs. Since the symptoms progress gradually, COPD patients may not even realize in the early stages that they have the disease. Over the years, as the lung damage continues, breathing becomes increasingly difficult.

76. Healthy Lifestyles - Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease . Healthy Lifestyles. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD). chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a chronic disease http://www.qeh.org.hk/health_copd.htm

Seasonal Theme - Heat Wave, Don't Rave Healthy Lifestyles Something about Exercise Infectious Disease Home Safety Hypertension ... Breastfeeding Healthy Lifestyles Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a chronic disease of the airways and lungs that includes chronic bronchitis, emphysema and some cases of chronic asthma. It is mainly a disease of the aged and is caused mostly by smoking. The disease is one of the leading causes of hospitalization and mortality in Hong Kong. Because of the irreversible and disabling nature of the disease, it also leads to significant sufferings on both the patients and their relatives. Pathogenesis of the COPD Smoking is the chief identifiable cause of COPD, although hereditary - protease inhibitor deficiency, environmental pollution and occupational causes have also accounted for a minority of the cases. Over-secretion of mucus in the airways and destruction of the air sacs of the lungs are the main pathology noticed in these patients. Symptoms Shortness of breath, especially on exertion

77. The Physician And Sportsmedicine: Exercise And Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Dis Exercise and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Modest Fitness Gains PayBig Dividends. Barry D. Mink, MD. Series Editor Nicholas A. DiNubile, MD. http://www.physsportsmed.com/issues/1997/11nov/mink.htm

Exercise and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Modest Fitness Gains Pay Big Dividends Barry D. Mink, MD Series Editor: Nicholas A. DiNubile, MD THE PHYSICIAN AND SPORTSMEDICINE - VOL 25 - NO. 11 - NOVEMBER 97 This page is best viewed with a browser that supports tables. In Brief: Exercise cannot reverse the physiologic and structural deficits of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, but it can reduce disability by improving endurance, breathing efficiency, and dyspnea tolerance, especially in severely impaired patients. An exercise prescription should begin with an assessment of cardiac risk and exercise capacity. Initial workloads should be light, increases gradual, and follow-up consistent. Patients need encouragement, and may also need supplemental oxygen and treatment with bronchodilators, mucolytics, and/or corticosteroids. Patients who follow an individualized program can often increase their work capacity 70% to 80% within 6 weeks. A n estimated 15 million to 25 million Americans suffer from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a term that includes emphysema and chronic bronchitis. The impact of COPD is major: Not only is it responsible for 200,000 deaths yearly, but in men over 40 it ranks second only to coronary heart disease as a cause of disability (1). In patients who have COPD, disability is largely the result of progressive deconditioning. Initially, a patient's severely limited ventilatory capacity makes exertion unpleasant and leads to an increasingly sedentary lifestyle. Muscles of locomotion then decline, making exertion even more difficult. And so the downward deconditioning spiral continues (2).

78. Periodontal Disease May Increase Risk For Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease of Periodontology found that periodontal disease may increase a person's risk forthe respiratory disorder chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the http://www.perio.org/consumer/respiratory.htm

A research study published in the Journal of Periodontology found that periodontal disease may increase a person's risk for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), the sixth leading cause of mortality in the United States... Study Shows Patients with Good Periodontal Health Breathe Easier CHICAGO – January 30, 2001 – New research confirms findings that periodontal disease may increase a person's risk for the respiratory disorder Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), the sixth leading cause of mortality in the United States. The study, published in this month's Journal of Periodontology , also noted a correlation between the amount of periodontal disease and lung capacity. For this study, researchers analyzed the periodontal and respiratory health of 13,792 patients. Patients with periodontal disease, defined by mean periodontal attachment loss (MAL) of greater than 3 millimeters, were found to have nearly a one-and-a-half times greater risk of COPD. A distinct trend also was noted in that lung function seemed to diminish with increased periodontal attachment loss. This suggests that periodontal disease activity may promote the progression of COPD. "Identification of potential risk factors that contribute to the development of chronic bronchitis or emphysema - respiratory diseases that comprise COPD - may suggest interventions that could prevent or delay the onset of the disease, or slow its progression," explained Frank A.

79. NIH Guide: NOVEL BIOMARKERS OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD) NOVEL BIOMARKERS OF chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) Release Date July24, 2001 RFA RFAHL-02-005 National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (http http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/rfa-files/RFA-HL-02-005.html

NOVEL BIOMARKERS OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD) Release Date: July 24, 2001 RFA: RFA-HL-02-005 National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute ( http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov http://www.health.gov/healthypeople/ http://grants.nih.gov/grants/funding/modular/modular.htm http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/notice-files/NOT-OD-00-048.html ); a complete copy of the updated Guidelines are available at http://grants.nih.gov/grants/funding/women_min/guidelines_update.htm http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/notice-files/not98-024.html http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/notice-files/NOT-OD-00-039.html . PUBLIC ACCESS TO RESEARCH DATA THROUGH THE FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Circular A-110 has been revised to provide public access to research data through the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) under some circumstances. Data that are (1) first produced in a project that is supported in whole or in part with Federal funds and (2) cited publicly and officially by a Federal agency in support of an action that has the force and effect of law (i.e., a regulation) may be accessed through FOIA. It is important for applicants to understand the basic scope of this amendment. NIH has provided guidance at: http://grants.nih.gov/grants/policy/a110/a110_guidance_dec1999.htm

80. NeLH Toolkit - Care Pathways - Pathway - Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Topic, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Stage of Development, Implementing. PathwayTitle, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Pathway summary, http://www.nelh.shef.ac.uk/nelh/kit/cps/paths.nsf/5deb3fd7aaec77dc80256bf4004f42

NHS Direct Online nhs.uk Department of Health Electronic Library for Social Care 31st Mar. 2003 NeLH Homepage Branch Libraries (kit based) Care Pathways Library Welcome List by title List by topic List on-line List by source List by user List by editor Search Knowledge View Pathways by.. Title Topic Available On-line Source Organisation User Organisation Editor Development Stage Jump to Topics Search Return to Welcome Back Organisational Details Organisation name Nelson and West Merton PCT Details Organisation Region/ Health Board England/ London Pathway Details Topic Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Stage of Development Implementing Care Setting Primary, Community Pathway Title Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Pathway summary Appraisal/ review Organisation that created the pathway. Nelson and West Merton PCT This Record creator - organisation RCN Top (Go to ) Form: Pathways

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