61. Why Not Contraception Why Not contraception. George Sim Johnston. Now we’re ready for thehard part of the evening why does the Church forbid contraception? http://www.catholic.net/RCC/Issues/Contraception/contraception.html

Why Not Contraception George Sim Johnston Humanae vitae than Calcutta or Shanghai. The challenge is to put the cultural coordinates back to where they were seventy years ago. Until 1930, not only did every Christian denomination teach that contraception is wrong, but even the mainstream of media and politics did not approve of it. The ubiquitous state laws against selling birth control devices were the work of Protestant, not Catholic, legislatures. When, at the Lambeth Conference in 1930, the Anglican Church became the first Christian body to change its mind about contraception, the Washington Post was as indignant as Pope Pius XI. It seemed self-evident to at least a plurality of Christians that the deliberate obstruction of the life-making potential of sex is gravely disordered. Sex, the most imperious of instincts, is always looking for opportunities to exploit, and this was provided by the Anglican bishops at Lambeth, who had previously condemned artificial birth control in 1908 and 1920. Commenting on their guarded endorsement of contraception, T. S. Eliot wrote presciently about subsequent pastoral experience: "… to allow that ‘each couple’ should take counsel only if perplexed in mind is almost to surrender the whole citadel of the Church. It is ten to one, considering the extreme disengenuity of humanity, which ought to be patent after so many thousand years, that only a very small minority will be "perplexed"; and in view of the words of the bishops it is ten to one that the honest minority which takes ‘competent advice’ (and I observe that the order of words is ‘

62. Contraception - WomensHealthChannel People have been practicing contraception for thousands of years, the evidence ofwhich exists in some of our earliest written records, including the Book of http://www.womenshealthchannel.com/contraception/index.shtml

Home Search SiteMap Ask the Dr. ... Medical Store advertisement advertisement CONTRACEPTION Overview Natural Barrier Hormonal ... Permanent CONDITIONS Back Pain Bladder Control Problems Breast Cancer Bunions Cervical Cancer Cervical Dysplasia ... Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding Eating Disorders Endometrial Cancer Endometriosis Epilepsy ... Female Sexual Dysfunction Fibromyalgia Headache Heart Disease Incontinence ... Urinary Tract Infections VBAC Yeast Infection RESOURCES Clinical Trials HealthProfiler Links Videos Overview Evidence of contraception exists in some of the earliest written records. Many contraceptive methods have been used for hundreds of years: the condom since the 16th century; cervical cap since the 1820s; the diaphragm and vaginal spermicide since the late 19th century; and intrauterine contraceptive devices (IUCDs or IUDs) since the early 20th century. Contraceptive options include the following: drug-free, cost-free "natural" rhythm methods and coitus interruptus barrier methods, which offer protection from STDs and unwanted pregnancy: condoms diaphragms , and the cervical cap , commonly used in combination with vaginal spermicides IUD hormones: oral contraceptives (the pill) injectable hormones subdermal implants , and the emergency contraceptive pill sterilization ( male and female Consequences of unwanted pregnancy According to the World Health Organization, an estimated 200 million pregnancies occur every year, 75 million of them unwanted.

63. Emergency Contraception Campaign About Directive 36 for Catholic Health Services, which instructs hospitals to make emergency contraceptio Category Society Issues Family Planning Emergency contraception......Catholic Hospitals Agree to Offer Emergency contraception. As of February 1999, fourof these hospitals now offer emergency contraception in their rape kits. http://www.repro-activist.org/AAP/campaigns/hospital/ec.htm

Publications Fact Sheets Videos Newsletters ... Commentaries Catholic Hospitals Agree to Offer Emergency Contraception A successful campaign In October 1998, the Abortion Access Project learned that Catholic Hospitals can provide emergency contraception. In the Ethical and Religious Directives for Catholic Health Care Services which govern Catholic hospitals, Directive 36 clearly states that: "A female who has been raped should be able to defend herself against a potential conception from the sexual assault. If, after appropriate testing, there is no evidence that conception has occurred already, she may be treated with medications that would prevent ovulation, sperm capacitation or fertilization. It is not permissible, however, to initiate or to recommend treatments that have as their purpose or direct effect the removal, destruction or interference with the implantation of a fertilized ovum." The Abortion Access Project called the emergency rooms of the 10 Catholic hospitals in Massachusetts, posing as a social worker with a client who had been raped, and asking if emergency contraception would be provided to the victim. With one exception, every hospital said no. (In one hospital, the staff had no idea.) We then wrote to the presidents of each of these hospitals, informing them that according to the

64. Contraception contraception Condom Cervical Cap Depo Provera Diaphragm Fertility AwarenessMorning After Pill Norplant Birth Control Pills Abortion Pregnant. http://www.indiana.edu/~health/contrali.html

Indiana University Health Center 600 N Jordan Bloomington IN 47405 IUHC Home Page Health Topics Pharmacy Medical Clinic ... SEARCH Contraception Condom Cervical Cap Depo Provera Diaphragm ... Pregnant

65. Emergency Contraception EMERGENCY contraception. Printerfriendly version PDF file, 157Kb. What is emergency contraception (or emergency birth control)? http://www.4woman.gov/faq/econtracep.htm

Search our database by Health Topic or enter your own keywords EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTION Printer-friendly version PDF file, 157 Kb] What is emergency contraception (or emergency birth control)? How does emergency contraception work? What are the types of emergency contraception? Are they the same thing as the "morning after" pill? I was given emergency contraception in an emergency room. What do I need to do after I take the pills? ... Birth Control Methods What is emergency contraception (or emergency birth control)? Emergency contraception, or emergency birth control, is used to keep a woman from getting pregnant when she has had unprotected vaginal intercourse. "Unprotected" can mean that no method of birth control was used. It can also mean that a birth control method was used but did not work - like a condom breaking. Other things can happen as well that put a woman at risk for getting pregnant. A woman may have forgotten to take her birth control pills. She may have been abused or forced to have sex when she did not want to. Emergency contraception should never be used as a regular method of birth control. There are effective methods of birth control that women can use on a regular basis to prevent pregnancy. How does emergency contraception work?

66. Parents Against Oral Contraception For Children Against giving potent steroid drugs to minors (under sixteen) without parental knowledge.Category Society Issues Family Planning Hormonal Contraceptives...... PARENTS AGAINST ORAL contraception FOR CHILDREN. 1. The purpose of this site isto widen the campaign of Parents Against Oral contraception For Children. http://hometown.aol.com/paocfc/paocfc.html

htmlAdWH('7003271', '120', '30'); htmlAdWH('7003276', '234', '60'); Main Create Edit Help Parents Against Oral Contraception for Children P A O C F C email paocfc @aol.com P ARENTS A GAINST O RAL C ONTRACEPTION F OR C HILDREN Home Page Information links Lower down Support our petition by e mail PARENTS AGAINST ORAL CONTRACEPTION FOR CHILDREN CAROLINE WAS GIVEN THE PILL WITHOUT PARENTAL KNOWLEDGE OR CONSENT aged just 14 years NO CONSULTATION WITH FAMILY G.P. NO WARNING OF DANGERS The purpose of this site is to widen the campaign of Parents Against Oral Contraception For Children. THE DANGERS OF THE PILL can we really take responsibility for our children Bradford West Yorkshire England E mail paocfc @aol.com ORAL CONTRACEPTION Disadvantages DANGER SIGNS ... ABOUT US <a href="hl.html.">.</a> <a href="h2.html">.</a> <a href="h3.html">.</a>

67. Advanced Search AFP November 15, 2000. Emergency Postcoital contraception. RANDY ELLENWERTHEIMER 3. TABLE 1 Methods of Emergency contraception. Regimen, Timing http://www.aafp.org/afp/20001115/2287.html

Advanced Search Emergency Postcoital Contraception RANDY ELLEN WERTHEIMER, M.D. University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts T The use of safe, effective emergency postcoital contraceptive methods could result in 1 million fewer abortions and 2 million fewer unintended pregnancies each year in the United States. Although 2 to 3 percent of women terminate a pregnancy each year through abortion, only 1 percent of women in America report ever having used emergency contraception. Studies of college women who have had abortions reveal that, on average, only one in three was aware that emergency contraception was available. Worldwide, emergency contraception has been used extensively for over two decades. The options currently available include an estrogen-progestin combination (ethinyl estradiol with levonorgestrel), progestin alone (levonorgestrel), the antiprogestin synthetic steroid RU 486 (mifepristone; Mifeprex), estrogen alone (high-dose ethinyl estradiol) and the copper intrauterine device (IUD) (Table 1) TABLE 1 Methods of Emergency Contraception Regimen Timing of first dose after intercourse Availability Reported efficacy Source of data to 72 hours Licensed in some countries since early 1980 (e.g., United Kingdom, the Netherlands); available unlicensed in the appropriate combination of oral contraceptive pills; recently licensed in the United States as a dedicated product

68. Contraception contraception. In this way, as 1415. What the Catechism of the CatholicChurch says on contraception . 2370. Periodic continence http://www.catholic-defense.com/contrcpt.htm

Contraception "In this way, as hindering the begetting of children, there is the 'vice against nature,' which attaches to every venereal act from which generation cannot follow; and, as hindering the due upbringing and advancement of the child when born." - St. Thomas Aquinas ("Summa Theologica" 13th century A.D.) "And Onan knew that the seed should not be his; and it came to pass, when he went in unto his brother's wife, that he spilled [it] on the ground, lest that he should give seed to his brother. And the thing which he did displeased the Lord: wherefore he slew him also." - Genesis 38:9-10 "He that is wounded in the stones, or hath his privy member cut off, shall not enter into the congregation of the Lord." - Deuteronomy 23:1 "And Adam was not deceived, but the woman being deceived was in the transgression. Notwithstanding she shall be saved in childbearing, if they continue in faith and charity and holiness with sobriety." - 1 Timothy 2:14-15 What the Catechism of the Catholic Church says on "Contraception:"

69. Emergency Contraception Emergency contraception. Advice for adolescents and caregivers Emergencycontraception Preventing pregnancy after you have had sex. http://www.cps.ca/english/statements/AM/am98-01.htm

70. La Contraception D'urgence Translate this page La contraception d’urgence. Point de sexuelle. La contraception d’urgenceexiste en Amérique du Nord depuis plus de vingt ans. Souvent http://www.cps.ca/francais/enonces/AM/am98-01.htm

<% response.status = "404 Not Found" %> Page introuvable Soins de nos enfants Autrement, vous pouvez consulter notre page d’accueil Accueil Recherche Pour les parents ... Plan du site

71. Contraception Treatment In General Failure rates of contraceptives include cervical cap (30%),diaphragm (18%), male condom (12%), injectable contraception (0.3%), combined http://www.montana.edu/wwwebm/Contraception.htm

Evidence-Based Medicine for Student Health Services Robert J. Flaherty, MD Swingle Student Health Service Montana State University Bozeman, MT 59717 Contraception Etiology Monitoring Epidemiology Prognosis ... Patient Education General Information EBM for Student Health Home Page About EBM EBM Resources ... Specific Conditions/Diseases Etiology No evidence is cited. Epidemiology No evidence is cited. Diagnosis Clinical Diagnosis Evidence suggests that historical features are not reliable for ruling out pregnancy. To establish a diagnosis of early pregnancy , a clinician should order a urine or serum HCG test. Caveats Age group studied: Women of childbearing age Type/size: Meta-analysis (9 studies) Population characteristics: Unclear Outcome measure: Serum or urine HCG result or pregnancy outcome Citations Is this patient pregnant? - Reviewed by DARE Laboratory/X-ray Diagnosis No evidence is cited. Treatment In General Failure rates of contraceptives include cervical cap (30%), diaphragm (18%), male condom (12%), injectable contraception (0.3%), combined oral contraceptive (0.08% - this is less than for tubal ligation=0.17%). Over five years the copper-T IUD, vasectomy, contraceptive implant and injectable contraceptive are the most cost-effective options. Caveats Age group studied: Women of childbearing age Type/size: Unknown Population characteristics: Unknown Outcome measure: Pregnancy Citations Contraception-some numbers - Reviewed by Bandolier Oral Contracept ives Desogen ) show, on average, low rates of

72. Surgery Door - Contraception - Welcome contraception. Information to help you choose and use the method of contraceptionthat is best for you. Click contraception Welcome. Click http://www.surgerydoor.co.uk/contraception/detail1.asp?level1=Welcome

73. Catholic Hospitals Refuse Patients Contraception A recent survey found that the majority of Catholic hospitals said they wouldnot give women emergency contraception, even those who have been raped. http://www.womensenews.org/article.cfm/dyn/aid/1209

74. Web By Women For Women: Contraception Page contraception and Sex Information You Can Actually Use by Kim Allen. Do you getthe feeling that all the talk about contraception and sex is scripted ? http://www.io.com/~wwwomen/contraception/

Contraception and Sex Information You Can Actually Use by Kim Allen Do you get the feeling that all the talk about contraception and sex is "scripted"? I certainly do. There are those silly little pamphlets with pastel flowers in the margins that tell you about "getting intimate," "being safe," and practicing good "personal hygiene." They all have the same diagrams, as if the pamphlet designers just traded them around. Although these pamphlets were created with good intentions and are much better than having no sex information at all (as some short-sighted people would prefer), they are not enough. They present sex as a neat little package, tied up with a pretty bow, when the reality of sex and contraception is much more complex. You look at the pamphlet photo of a shirtless het couple in a close embrace (tastefully covering the woman's breasts), which is supposed to symbolize "intimacy," and you wonder what that has to do with the groping that goes on in the back of movie theaters. You see the diagram showing how to insert a cervical cap, and you can't even imagine having that kind of time during the rushed foreplay you've experienced. There seem to be so many more questions than answers. Yes, the IUD may be a very effective form of protection, but will you

75. AAP - Contraception And Adolescents (RE9841) November 1999, pp 11611166. contraception and Adolescents (RE9841). AMERICANACADEMY OF PEDIATRICS. ADOLESCENT SEXUAL BEHAVIOR AND USE OF contraception. http://www.aap.org/policy/re9841.html

Policy Statement Pediatrics Volume 104, Number 5 November 1999, pp 1161-1166 Contraception and Adolescents (RE9841) AMERICAN ACADEMY OF PEDIATRICS Committee on Adolescence ABSTRACT. The risks and negative consequences of adolescent sexual intercourse are of national concern, and promoting sexual abstinence is an important goal of the American Academy of Pediatrics. In previous publications, the American Academy of Pediatrics has addressed important issues of adolescent sexuality, pregnancy, sexually transmitted diseases, and contraception. The development of new contraceptive technologies mandates a revision of this policy statement, which provides the pediatrician with an updated review of adolescent sexuality and use of contraception by adolescents and presents current guidelines for counseling adolescents on sexual activity and contraceptive methods. ABBREVIATIONS. STDs, sexually transmitted diseases; IM, intramuscular; IUD, intrauterine device; ECPs, emergency contraceptive pills. Pediatricians have an important role in adolescent reproductive health care. Because pediatricians have long-term relationships with their patients and families, this continuity of care provides opportunities to promote healthy behavior and to reduce the potential negative consequences of high-risk adolescent sexual activity. Pediatricians have an active role in reducing the risk of unintended pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) in their adolescent patients. ADOLESCENT SEXUAL BEHAVIOR AND USE OF CONTRACEPTION

76. Contraception : Sites Et Documents Francophones MeSH contenant le mot-clé contraception contraception thérapeutique. http://www.chu-rouen.fr/ssf/ther/contraception.html

Contraception Menu général CISMeF Voir aussi contraceptifs contrôle naissances Arborescence(s) contraception contraception thérapeutique Position du mot-clé dans l' (les) arborescence(s) : Vous pouvez consulter toutes les ressources ou seulement les principales ou utiliser l' outil de recherche les recommandations les documents concernant l' enseignement les documents destinés aux patients Ou consulter ci-dessous une sélection des principales ressources : Qualificatifs : méthode association ANCIC - Association Nationale des Centres d’Interruption de grossesse et de Contraception mots clés : adolescence adulte contraceptifs contraception ... méthode type(s) : association association professionnels santé AFC - Association Française pour la Contraception site d'informations sur toutes les méthodes de contraceptions mots clés : * contraceptifs contraceptifs administration et posologie contraceptifs ... progestatifs synthétiques type(s) : information patient et grand public association professionnels santé enseignement et éducation Au delà de l'essentiel : Guide-ressources sur l' éducation en matière de santé sexuelle et reproductive [Site éditeur PPFC mots clés : accouchement adolescence Canada communication ... HIV, infection

77. BBC News | HEALTH | Teenage Myths About Contraception Monday, 16 July, 2001, 1750 GMT 1850 UK Teenage myths about contraceptionThe morning after pill As effective as coughing? http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/health/newsid_1441000/1441898.stm

CATEGORIES TV RADIO COMMUNICATE ... INDEX SEARCH You are in: Health Front Page World UK ... AudioVideo SERVICES Daily E-mail News Ticker Mobiles/PDAs Feedback ... Low Graphics Monday, 16 July, 2001, 17:50 GMT 18:50 UK Teenage myths about contraception The "morning after" pill: As effective as coughing? Some teenagers think Coca Cola and wrist watches are contraceptives. A survey for Doctor magazine highlighted a worrying lack of understanding about contraception among UK teenagers. The survey found many teenagers believed a bizarre range of myths and old wives' tales. The lack of understanding could be one reason why teenage pregnancy rates are soaring in the UK. One teenager was quoted as saying: "Putting a watch around your penis before sex means the radioactivity of the dial kills off sperm." Teenage myths I You can't get pregnant on a boat You can't get pregnant if you drink a lot of milk You get pregnant if you take folic acid Keeping your eyes closed stops you getting pregnant A boy is only fertile if his testicles feel cold There's no risk if you're standing on a telephone directory Others believed a Coca-Cola douche, standing on a telephone directory, or drinking a lot of milk would stop them getting pregnant.

78. Marie Stopes International - Sexual Health Information, AIDS Information, Well W A global partnership that works in 30 countries. The mission is to ensure the fundamental human right Category Regional Europe......abortion in the uk, advocacy organisation, aids information, checking your breasts,chlamydia information, contraception methods, dr marie stopes, emergency http://www.mariestopes.org.uk/

abortion in the uk, advocacy organisation, aids information, checking your breasts, chlamydia information, contraception methods, dr marie stopes, emergency contraception, female sterilisation, hiv information, marie stopes information, menopause signs and symptoms, millennium development goals, information about refugees, reproductive health, reproductive health supplies security, safe abortion, safe motherhood, sexual health information, sexually transmitted infections, smear tests, the gag rule, vasectomy information, well woman check, working with young people The Marie Stopes International Global Partnership provides sexual and reproductive health information and services across 38 countries, ensuring the fundamental human right of all people to have children by choice not chance Marie abortion in the uk well woman check Stopes International (MSI) was established in London in 1976 and grew out of the organisation originally set up by Dr Marie Stopes in 1921. In 1977, MSI set up its first overseas centre in Ireland and a year later set up a programme in India. Today, advocacy organisation working with young people the MSI Global Partnership provides sexual and reproductive health information and services to 3.3 million people worldwide in 38 countries across Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe, Latin America and the Middle East. Each Partner (country)

79. Contraception 8/93 contraception. EJ Mayeaux, Jr., MD. Assistant Professor Some religious groupsonly allow the use of this method for contraception. Barrier Methods http://lib-sh.lsumc.edu/fammed/grounds/contcept.html

Contraception E.J. Mayeaux, Jr., M.D. Assistant Professor Departments of Family Medicine and Obstetrics and Gynecology Louisiana State University Medical Center Shreveport, Louisiana Introduction A patients request for contraceptive counseling may occur in conjunction with other problems or be the main reason for a scheduled appointment. It is not only important for the physician to give correct and complete information but also to match the contraception method to the particular needs of each patient. Many factors are important to consider. Individual Patient Factors Age Current health status Weight Parity Plans for future children Smoking history Thromboembolic or cardiovascular disease Motivation Motivation is a very important factor because all methods except IUDs, Norplant System and sterilization require patient involvement. Patients need proper counseling to select an appropriate birth control method and education concerning their chosen method. Typical and actual failure rates are shown in Figure 1. Figure 1. Theoretical and actual failure rates for various birth control methods. Method Typical Failure Ideal Failure Rate Chance 85% 85% Spermicides only 21% 3% Periodic Abstinence 20% 2 - 9% Withdrawal 18% 4% Cervical Cap 18% 6% Diaphragm 18% 6% Condom 12% 2% IUD 3% 0.8 - 2% Oral Contraceptive Pill 3% 0.1% Injected Depo-Provera 0.3% 0.3% Levonorgestrel Implants 0.04% 0.04% Female Sterilization 0.4% 0.2% Male Sterilization 0.2% 0.1% From: Trussell J, Hatcher RA, Cates W, Stewart FH, Kost K. A guide to interpreting contraceptive efficacy studies. Obstet Gynecol 1990; 76:558-67.

80. Choices: Navigating The Contraception Maze Your email Home Tools Calculators Choices Navigating the contraceptionMaze If you're like many women, the last thing you http://www.babycenter.com/calculator/3470.html

Main areas: Search Articles Store Index What's New POPULAR AREAS Ask the Experts Create a Baby Name Poll Development Timeline Pregnancy Calendar ... Consumer Reports PREMIUM SERVICES Is It Safe? Consumer Reports Premium Video Recall Alerts ... BabyCenter Store Bonus Club SHOPPING TIPS Parents' Picks Buying Guides Checklists Great Gifts FIND IT FAST BulletinBoard Chats Chat events Great debates Baby namer Ovulation tracker Preg. calendar Baby calendar Call the Dr.? Vaccine guide Find a doctor Growth chart Shutterfly Photo center Sex predictor More Tools... In the News Recalls Life stories Plan a shower Lullabies Dads zone Expert corner Fetal timeline - Shopping Activity equipment Breastfeeding Car seats Diapering Nursery furniture Patterned bedding Potty training Safety Strollers Toys by age Free BabyCenter Membership! What do you get? Your due date or baby's birth date: Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Day Year Your e-mail: Home Choices: Navigating the Contraception Maze If you're like many women, the last thing you want to do after giving birth is find yourself expecting right away. Since you can be fertile again within weeks of your baby's birth, you'll need to start thinking about birth control even before you may be ready to resume intercourse. And the decision is no longer as simple as going back to the method you used before you became pregnant. Will it be compatible with breastfeeding? Will it be easy to use now that you're a busy new mom? Is it reliable enough for you? Take our survey to find out, and we'll make a few suggestions.

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