61. FHA : The Patient Education Forum : Swallowing Problems/Dysphagia Patient Education Forum Swallowing Problems/dysphagia by Faerella Boczko, MS, CCCSLP,Director Speech-Language Pathology, Jewish Home and Hospital Life Care http://www.healthinaging.org/public_education/pef/swallowing_problems.php

Text Size: decrease increase Search: Patient Education Forum Swallowing Problems/Dysphagia by Faerella Boczko, MS, CCC-SLP, Director Speech-Language Pathology, Jewish Home and Hospital Life Care System View related items on our website Provide Feedback Dysphagia is another term for swallowing problems. A person who has dysphagia may experience pain when trying to swallow. Others may have difficulty swallowing food, liquid or saliva, and some people may be unable to swallow at all. How does the swallowing process work? Swallowing is a complex process that moves food and liquids from the mouth to the stomach. Swallowing involves the use of many nerves and muscles in the lips, tongue, mouth, throat, and esophagus, which is the tube that connects your throat to your stomach. Swallowing occurs in four stages: Oral preparatory stage: food is chewed and prepared for swallowing; Oral stage: the tongue pushes the food or liquid to the back of the mouth;

62. Oral Pharyngeal Dysphagia Oral Pharyngeal dysphagia. Application of EMG Biofeedback in the Treatment of OralPharyngeal dysphagia. Videofluoroscopic Observations. dysphagia 61116, 1991. http://www.bfe.org/protocol/pro06eng.htm

Oral Pharyngeal Dysphagia Application of EMG Biofeedback in the Treatment of Oral Pharyngeal Dysphagia Maggie Lee Huckabee, M.A., CCC/SLP Senior Speech Language Pathologist Dysphagia Specialist Massachusetts General Hospital Boston, MA Introduction Treatment Protocol Treatment of oral-pharyngeal swallowing impairment relies on accurate diagnosis. Thus any treatment protocol should be preceded by a thorough diagnostic evaluation by a qualified speech language pathologist. Specific exercises for the treatment of neurophysiological deficits have been described in the dysphagia literature(1,10,11). The scope of this protocol does not include an exhaustive description of dysphagic abnormalities and the associated treatment strategies of choice. It will encompass description of those treatment strategies that are appreciably enhanced by biofeedback monitoring. Using MyoDac 2TM / MyoCompTM The MyoComp System, as well as other computer assisted EMG Biofeedback Systems, allows for long-term storage of patient biographical, insurance and medical information on a separate diskette. This is accessed through the database mode on the main menu. In addition, a progress note section enables the therapist to store session information regarding the nature of treatment provided, the patients response to treatment, and other pertinent information. This information can be added to the diskette before or after a session through the monitoring mode on the main menu.

63. Chapter 1 - Section 5: First Principles Of Gastroenterology , page 8. dysphagia meansdifficulty in swallowing. Some patients describe food sticking...... 5. dysphagia / ASC Sekar 5.1 http://gastroresource.com/GITextbook/En/chapter1/1-5.htm

- Select a chapter - 1. Symptoms and Signs 2. Nutrition 3. Ethics 4. Research/Clinical Trials 5. Esophagus 6. Stomach and Duodenum 7. Small Intestine 8. Intestinal Ischemia 9. H.I.V. 10. Inflammatory Bowel 11. Colon 12. Pancreas 13. Biliary System 14. Liver 15. Paediatrics 16. Video Endoscopic Images Search Chapter 1: Symptoms and Signs Sections: 1. Introduction 2. Globus 3. Heartburn 4. Waterbrash ... Acknowledgements 5. Dysphagia A.S.C. Sekar 5.1 Description page 8 Dysphagia means difficulty in swallowing. Some patients describe food sticking in the throat or retrosternally. 5.2 Important Historical Points and Differential Diagnosis page 8 Infections of the esophagus can also cause difficult swallowing. Infections, usually due to Candida albicans or herpes virus, are often accompanied by significant pain on swallowing, termed odynophagia . Often the odynophagia is so severe that the patient even has difficulty swallowing his or her saliva. Although herpes esophagitis can occur in relatively healthy patients, Candida esophagitis is associated with diabetes, an underlying malignancy or immunosuppression. The patient may point to the site of obstruction, but this is not always reliable. A stricture of the lower esophagus may be experienced at the xiphoid area or as high as the throat. Upper esophageal obstruction is experienced high in the throat region, not low in the chest.

64. Dysphagia Aims and Scope. dysphagia is a multidisciplinary journal devoted toswallowing and its disorders. The journal's purpose is to provide http://link.springer-ny.com/link/service/journals/00455/about.html

Editor-in-Chief: Bronwyn Jones, F.R.A.C.P., F.R.C.R. Aims and Scope Subscription Information Office of Publication Aims and Scope Dysphagia Dysphagia has been organized in collaboration with leading medical specialists is this field. The journal publishes original papers, case reports, technical and instrumental notes, letters to the Editor, and review articles. A separate section contains abstracts of selected papers from the current literature. Reviews of books or monographs and announcements about national or international associations and conferences related to ingestion and dysphagia are published as space is available. The journal assures expeditious review of submitted manuscripts and prompt notification of the authors. The Editors make every effort to have accepted papers published within 9 months of acceptance. Subscription Information Dysphagia is published quarterly. Volume 16 (4 issues) will be published in 2001 by Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Personal Rate: North America only : US $163.00 including postage and handling. This rate is available to individual subscribers for personal use only from Springer-Verlag New York Inc. when paid by personal check or charge. Subscriptions are entered with prepayment only. Mail order and payment to: Springer-Verlag New York Inc. Journal Fulfillment Services Department P.O. Box 2485 Secaucus, NJ 07096-2485, USA Tel: 1-800-SPRINGER Fax: (201) 348-4505 e-mail:

65. Welcome To The Jewish Home And Hospital Of New York Swallowing/dysphagia. . CONTENTS Frequently Asked Questions FREQUENTLYASKED QUESTIONS What causes dysphagia? dysphagia can have a http://www.jewishhome.org/script.asp?SubCatID=65

66. MDA / Quest 6-4 / Hard To Swallow We look at the point of breakdown and see what needs to be done to accommodateit. . TREATMENT OPTIONS FOR dysphagia. RESOURCES FOR DEALING WITH dysphagia. http://www.mdausa.org/publications/Quest/q64dysphagia.html

QUEST Current Issue Back Issues Stories by Topic ... Contents of This Issue Volume 6, Number 4, August 1999 HARD TO SWALLOW by Phil Ivory If you've ever gulped a cup of coffee while simultaneously searching for car keys, packing lunch for a 5-year-old and giving directions over the phone, you probably didn't notice that a miracle was occurring literally underneath your nose. "Dysphagia may be the first sign that a neuromuscular disease is present." Swallowing is a seemingly simple but extraordinary act, one we usually take for granted at least until something goes wrong with the process. Dysphagia which isn't a disease in itself but the medical term for a disruption to the normal swallowing process can lead to a number of serious effects, some gradual and some that are immediately life- threatening. Various diseases in the muscular dystrophy family have been known to cause dysphagia, including the oculopharyngeal (OPMD), myotonic (MMD), facioscapulohumeral (FSHD) and limb-girdle (LGMD) forms and possibly Duchenne (DMD) in its later stages. Dysphagia is a common feature of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and occurs in some of the spinal muscular atrophies as well as in polymyositis, myasthenia gravis and Friedreich's ataxia.

67. Dysphagia Management In Long Term Care dysphagia Management in Long Term Care The Essentials for the New dysphagia Therapist. Identifyhow ethical standards apply to the treatment of dysphagia. http://www.angelfire.com/in/network/dysphagia.html

Email us View feedback View participant comments Contact us ... Home Page Dysphagia Management in Long Term Care The Essentials for the New Dysphagia Therapist Contact Hours: We are an ASHA and AOTA course provider. This course is offered for .6 ASHA and AOTA CEU's. Target Audience: Occupational Therapists (OT, COTA), Speech-Language Pathologists (SLP), Nurses (RN, LPN), Dietitians (RD), and other members of the health care team involved in dysphagia care. For information on sponsoring this seminar as an in-house or public presentation in your city, Email us by clicking here. Course Information Many health care teams are finding themselves with limited access to Speech-Language Pathologists who can provide dysphagia evaluations and treatment. In some cases, this has resulted in delayed or missed care. The Occupational Therapist is an excellent candidate to fill this role, incorporating dysphagia care into the treatment plan along with ADL and feeding goals. The school-based SLP who has limited use of dysphagia techniques may need a refresher before feeling comfortable in the long term care setting. Other team members, such as RN’s, LPN’s, and Dietitians

68. NHS Direct Online Encyclopedia Dysphagia Introduction NHS Direct Online Encyclopedia entry on dysphagia including description, symptoms,diagnosis, treatment. NHS Direct Online Health Encyclopaedia dysphagia. http://www.nhsdirect.nhs.uk/nhsdoheso/display.asp?sTopic=Dysphagia

69. Dysphagia (Difficulty Swallowing) When systemic scleroderma affects the esophagus, it can cause dysphagia,which is difficulty swallowing. dysphagia (Difficulty Swallowing). http://www.sclero.org/medical/symptoms/gi/dysphagia.html

ISN: How We Help ISN Representatives Join or Donate Search This Site The Web Scleroderma from A to Z Hope on Horizon Welcoming Email MEDICAL ... EMAIL We're dedicated to helping you find the comfort and/or information you need for dealing with scleroderma or related illnesses. Please feel free to email me at any time. Shelley Ensz, Webmaster The International Scleroderma Network (ISN) Now Available in 18 Languages: Bahasa Malaysia Chinese Deutsche (German) English ... Worldwide Support Groups Select Medical Topic Here What is Scleroderma? Causes of Scleroderma Difficult Diagnosis Types of Scleroderma Localized: - Linear Scleroderma - Morphea Scleroderma - Juvenile Scleroderma Systemic: - CREST Syndrome - Diffuse Scleroderma - Limited Scleroderma - Overlap/MCTD/UCTD Photos of Scleroderma Symptoms Scleroderma Specialists Scleroderma Registries U.K. Registry Ineffective or Unproven Alternative Medicine Scleroderma Symptoms Cardiac (Heart) Dental/Mouth Gastrointestinal Liver Pulmonary (Lungs) Raynaud's (Cold Hands/Feet) Renal (Kidney) Calcinosis Fibrosis (Hardening) Telangiectasia (Spider Veins) Xerosis (Dry Skin) SIMILAR TO SCLERODERMA Arthritis/Dermatology (General) Atrophoderma of Pierini/Pasini Eosinophilic Fasciitis Eosinophilia-Myalgia (EMS) Glossary of Skin Disorders Lichen Sclerosis

70. WRAMC AASC: Dysphagia dysphagia, or swallowing disorders, can be caused by a variety of medical conditions,such as neurological disorders, head and neck cancer, or traumatic brain http://www.wramc.amedd.army.mil/departments/aasc/dysphagia.htm

Central Appointing: 1 (800) 433-3574 Information: (202) 782-3501 Army Audiology and Speech Center Speech Pathology Clinic Speech Pathology Section Subspecialty Programs/Services: Stuttering Treatment Program for Military Personnel WRAMC Fluency Program Discussion Group Voice Clinic Traumatic Brain Injury Program ... AASC Homepage Dysphagia Dysphagia, or swallowing disorders, can be caused by a variety of medical conditions, such as neurological disorders, head and neck cancer, or traumatic brain injury. As a result of dysphagia, patients may have difficulty eating food, drinking, or even with managing their secretions. These problems can occur gradually or all of a sudden, and may vary in level of severity. In more severe cases, aspiration occurs, which means that the food or liquid will go down the air tube (trachea) as opposed to the food tube (esophageous). The normal swallowing sequence The process of swallowing involves the interaction of more than 20 muscles and several nerves. Swallowing is broken down into four phases: the oral prepartory phase (chewing and preparing to swallow), the oral phase (moving the food/liquid to the back of the mouth with the tongue), the pharyngeal phase (moving the food over the back of the tongue and down the pharnx or throat), and the esophageal phase (the food enters the esophagus). This entire process is completed within a few seconds. However, when impairment arises in any part of this seemingly effortless process, a wide variety of difficulties ranging from minimal discomfort to life threatening illness such as malnutrition or respiratory infection may occur.

71. Southwest Rehab Hospital - Dyspyagia Rehab Outpatient Services dysphagia Rehabilitation Program. We will respondwithin 24 hours. Overview of dysphagia Rehabilitation Program. http://www.sw-rehab.org/outpatient/dysphagia.htm

About SW Rehab Contact Us Inpatient Services Outpatient Services ... Stroke Support Outpatient Services - Dysphagia Rehabilitation Program Southwest Rehab Hospital offers a dysphagia rehabilitation program for patients affected by mechanical, muscular or neurological disorders. The program is conducted by a certified speech language pathologist and utilizes the latest modified barium swallow study (MBSS) technology. The program begins with a Clinical Evaluation of Dysphagia (CED). During evaluation, patients are encouraged to swallow foods of different consistencies and to try different swallowing maneuvers to determine swallow functionality. MBSS is undertaken using a VFSS Imager, the latest fluoroscopic technology which utilizes lower radiation dosages and delivers superior resolution for more accurate motion study. This allows the pathologist to determine highly specific muscle functionality and to design the most effective therapy program. The goal of the therapy program is to help the patient gain as much swallowing ability as possible. Outcome studies indicate that approximately 25% of patients who undergo MBSS can return to safe, oral intake when validated techniques are used. With a combined approach of the MBSS with regular swallowing therapy more than 85% of dysphagic, neurologically-impaired and surgically-treated patients with head and neck cancer can be restored to oral intake. For further information, or to refer a patient, please contact Southwest Rehab Hospital by calling 269.964.5815. We will respond within 24 hours.

72. Interventions For Dysphagia In Acute Stroke (Cochrane Review) Interventions for dysphagia in acute stroke (Cochrane Review). Bath PMW, Bath FJ,Smithard DG. Interventions for dysphagia in acute stroke (Cochrane Review). http://www.update-software.com/ccweb/cochrane/revabstr/ab000323.htm

Abstract from The Cochrane Library , Issue 1, 2003 Click here to order the full review Interventions for dysphagia in acute stroke (Cochrane Review) Bath PMW, Bath FJ, Smithard DG. ABSTRACT A substantive amendment to this systematic review was last made on 04 March 1999. Cochrane reviews are regularly checked and updated if necessary. Background: It is unclear how dysphagic patients should be fed and treated after acute stroke. Objectives: The objective of this review was to assess the effect of different management strategies for dysphagic stroke patients, in particular how and when to feed, whether to supplement nutritional intake, and how and whether to treat dysphagia. Search strategy: We searched the Cochrane Stroke Group trials register, Medline, Embase, ISI, and existing review articles. We contacted researchers in the field and equipment manufacturers. Date of the most recent searches: March 1999. Selection criteria: Unconfounded truly or quasi randomised controlled trials in dysphagic patients with acute/subacute (within 3 months) stroke. Data collection and analysis: Three reviewers independently applied the trial inclusion criteria. Two reviewers assessed trial quality and extracted the data.

73. PROFESSIONAL REFERENCE Allergy Immunlogy Cardiology Dermatology Approach to the Patient with dysphagia by Gulchin A Ergun, MD, Best Practiceof Medicine. October 2002. Last modified October 03, 2002. http://merck.praxis.md/index.asp?page=bpm_brief&chapter=BPM01GA05

74. Outpatient Surgery Center - Dysphagia - Difficulty In Swallowing Foods Or Liquid dysphagia A Problem Swallowing Food or Liquids. dysphagia is a problemwith swallowing foods and/or liquids. It has a number of causes. http://www.outpatientsurgery.la/Endoscopic Surgery/Dysphagia.htm

Cosmetic Surgery Blepharoplasty Breast Augmentation Breast Reduction Breast Lifting ... Tummy Tucks Endoscopic Surgery Dysphagia Carpel Tunnel Syndrome Cytoscopy Gastritis ... Tubal Sterilization General Surgery Gynecological Surgery Podiatry Surgery Orthopedic Surgery Same Day Surgery Arthroplasty Bunionectomy D and C Ear, Nose and Throat ... Hammer Toes World of Medicine Weekly Topic Schedule All content herein remains the property of the Outpatient Surgery Center and any reproduction, redistribution or dissemination is strictly prohibited without the express written consent of the Outpatient Surgery Center website. This site is meant to be informational ONLY and nothing herein should or is intended to be a substitute for medical advice. As always, you should contact your own physician before considering any type of medical procedure. information The Outpatient Surgery Center is located at: 18080 Beach Boulevard Huntington Beach, California

75. DYSPHAGIA Welcome to . Med Help International the Patient Medical InformationCenter. Advertisement. dysphagia Difficulty swallowing. http://www.medhelp.org/glossary/new/gls_1611.htm

Welcome to .... Advertisement DYSPHAGIA - Difficulty swallowing Med Help International Search Ask the Doctor Forums Patient Network The medical glossary has been made possible by a generous donation from: (revised: 1996) Advertisement

76. Dysphagia And Parkinsonism dysphagia and parkinsonism. This response submitted by Gary Leo DO gleo@execpc.comon 11/18/95. This is fairly common problem in my practice. http://neuro-www.mgh.harvard.edu/neurowebforum/MovementDisordersArticles/Dysphag

Dysphagia and parkinsonism This response submitted by Gary Leo D.O. gleo@execpc.com on 11/18/95. This is fairly common problem in my practice. I consider all neuroleptics as having potential to induce parkinsonism. I believe risperidone can produce significant parkinsonism despite the information provided by the drug company. Therefore I would stop the risperidone and follow the patient's course for one to two weeks. If thought disorder becomes problematic then I would use Mellaril or Clozaril if the patient continues to have parkinsonian features. The patient may require diet modification or feeding tube while waiting for the extrapyramidal effects of risperidone to clear. Amantadine, 100-200 mgs. per day may improve parkinsonian symptoms. It is often difficult in these cases to determine between parkinsonism and underlying Parkinsons Disease. Tremor is less likely in those with drug induced parkinsonism. Sinemet usually does not cause significant improvement in those with drug induced parkinsonism. Next Article Return to Main Article Article complete. Click

77. Toddlers Today: Dysphagia: A Hard Problem To Swallow dysphagia A Hard Problem to Swallow By Mary Dixon Weidler. It didn Ina patient with dysphagia, the swallow is defective. The epiglottis http://toddlerstoday.com/resources/articles/dysphagia.htm

Search the Site: news community diaries toddlerface album ... shop Dysphagia A Hard Problem to Swallow By Mary Dixon Weidler "It didn't take me long to figure out," says Jillian Hunnicutt of Atlanta, Ga., pausing to grin at her unintentional pun. "There was something about Mary." Mary, now 6 years old, is the youngest daughter of Hunnicutt and her husband, Timothy. "Remember, I had already gone through two little girls, and I knew all about fussy eaters – or so I thought," Hunnicutt says. "Sure, I knew about tossed mashed potatoes, overturned bowls of spaghetti and little noses turned up at whatever we were offering. But with the older girls, the worst we had to handle was a 'raspberry' blown with a mouth full of peas." "With Mary, eating dinner was living on the edge," Hunnicutt says. "She would have a hard time chewing even the softest of meals. Sometimes she would choke, her eyes would water and her breathing would slow. Eventually, she wouldn't want to eat at all. With that experience, who could blame her?" Dissecting Dysphagia Mary – and an estimated six to 15 million people in the United States, many of them children – is a victim of dysphagia, a mechanical dysfunction that manifests in a difficulty to chew or swallow. "Simply stated, a person with dysphagia is unable to pass food or liquid rapidly or efficiently from the mouth to the stomach," says Michael E. Groher, Ph.D., speech pathologist and author of

78. 1Up Health > Swallowing Difficulty > Common Causes Of Swallowing Difficulty (Dys Comprehesive information on Swallowing difficulty (dysphagia, Impaired swallowing). Alternative names dysphagia, Impaired swallowing. Definition http://www.1uphealth.com/health/swallowing_difficulty_info.html

1Up Health Symptoms Guide Swallowing difficulty Alternative Medicine ... Health Topics A-Z Search 1Up Health Symptoms Guide Swallowing difficulty Information Swallowing difficulty : Common Causes Alternative names : Dysphagia, Impaired swallowing Definition : Difficulty when swallowing is the sensation that food is stuck in the throat or upper abdomen. This may be felt high in the neck or lower down, behind the breastbone (sternum). Common Causes There are many different causes of dysphagia. Your doctor can effectively distinguish between them by a thorough medical history, physical exam, and testing. Problems related to the upper areas of the mouth and pharynx: Obstruction to the passage of food or liquid: Emotional or anxiety disorder (globus hystericus) Tumors Cervical spine disease Zenker's diverticulum Esophageal webs Nerve and muscle problems such as: Stroke Parkinson's disease Huntington's disease Multiple sclerosis ALS (Lou Gehrig's disease) Myasthenia gravis Muscular dystrophy Infections, such as polio and syphilis Polymyositis Problems related to the esophagus: Obstruction to the passage of food or liquid: Tumors Strictures (narrowings) that may be caused by radiation, chemical ingestions, medications, or ulcers

79. 1Up Health > Swallowing Difficulty > Common Causes Of Swallowing Difficulty (Dys dysphagia . Read detailed information about dysphagia . Includes aset of questions and answers related to dysphagia , as well as http://www.1uphealth.com/medical/disease/digestion-disease/dysphagia.html

1Up Health Symptoms Guide Swallowing difficulty Alternative Medicine ... Health Topics A-Z Search 1Up Health Symptoms Guide Swallowing difficulty Information Swallowing difficulty : Common Causes Alternative names : Dysphagia, Impaired swallowing Definition : Difficulty when swallowing is the sensation that food is stuck in the throat or upper abdomen. This may be felt high in the neck or lower down, behind the breastbone (sternum). Common Causes There are many different causes of dysphagia. Your doctor can effectively distinguish between them by a thorough medical history, physical exam, and testing. Problems related to the upper areas of the mouth and pharynx: Obstruction to the passage of food or liquid: Emotional or anxiety disorder (globus hystericus) Tumors Cervical spine disease Zenker's diverticulum Esophageal webs Nerve and muscle problems such as: Stroke Parkinson's disease Huntington's disease Multiple sclerosis ALS (Lou Gehrig's disease) Myasthenia gravis Muscular dystrophy Infections, such as polio and syphilis Polymyositis Problems related to the esophagus: Obstruction to the passage of food or liquid: Tumors Strictures (narrowings) that may be caused by radiation, chemical ingestions, medications, or ulcers

80. Feeding Or Swallowing Disorder (Dysphagia), Cincinnati Childrens Hospital Medica Feeding or Swallowing Disorder (dysphagia) is characterized by difficulty with normaloral feeding or swallowing. Feeding or Swallowing Disorder (dysphagia). http://www.cincinnatichildrens.org/Health_Topics/Your_Childs_Health/Speech/Condi

Your Child's Health Speech Overview Conditions and Diagnoses ... Developmental Speech Apraxia Resources Feeding or Swallowing Disorder (Dysphagia) Language Disorder Stuttering (Disfluency) Voice Disorder Conditions and Diagnoses Feeding or Swallowing Disorder (Dysphagia) Feeding or Swallowing Disorder (Dysphagia) is characterized by difficulty with normal oral feeding or swallowing. Indications for Referral The child has difficulty sucking or drinking from a cup. The child has difficulty taking foods from a spoon or has difficulty chewing foods. The child avoids certain types of foods or certain food textures. The child gags, chokes or coughs with feeding. How to Reach Us For more information about the Speech Pathology Department at Cincinnati Children's, call 513-636-4341 or e-mail speech@chmcc.org Useful Features send this page to a friend send an ecard to a patient make a donation rate this page ... printer friendly page 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229-3039 Legal Notice Serving infants to adolescents, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center is an international leader in pediatric health care, research and education. Home Contact Us Site Map Go to Advanced Search ... Young and Healthy

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