61. Manhattan Footcare P.C. - Foot Conditions - Heel Spurs heel spurs. Definition The heel heel spurs can cause extreme pain in therearfoot, especially while standing or walking. Cause heel spurs http://www.manhattanfootcare.com/conditions/heel_spurs.html

Foot Conditions Achilles Tendonitis Arch Pain / Arch Strain Arthritis Bunions (Bunionettes) ... Sesamoiditis Heel Spurs Definition The heel bone is the largest bone in the foot and absorbs the most amount of shock and pressure. A heel spur develops as an abnormal growth of the heel bone. Calcium deposits form when the plantar fascia pulls away from the heel area, causing a bony protrusion, or heel spur to develop. The plantar fascia is a broad band of fibrous tissue located along the bottom surface of the foot that runs from the heel to the forefoot. Heel spurs can cause extreme pain in the rearfoot, especially while standing or walking. Cause Heel spurs develop as an abnormal growth in the heel bone due to calcium deposits that form when the plantar fascia pulls away from the heel. This stretching of the plantar fascia is usually the result of over-pronation (flat feet), but people with unusually high arches (pes cavus) can also develop heel spurs. Women have a significantly higher incidence of heel spurs due to the types of footwear often worn on a regular basis. The key for the proper treatment of heel spurs is determining what is causing the excessive stretching of the plantar fascia. When the cause is over-pronation (flat feet), an orthotic with rearfoot posting and longitudinal arch support is an effective device to reduce the over-pronation, and allow the condition to heal.

62. BodytalkMagazine.com - Putting Your Best Shoe Forward heel spurs These are bony growths at the bottom of the heel bone. Most peoplenotice spurs when they first stand up in the morning and feel a sharp pain. http://www.bodytalkmagazine.com/puttingbestshoe.htm

Putting Your Best Shoe Forward Do you go through a box of band-aids every week to stop those big bumps on your toes from rubbing on your shoes? Ouch. If you're physically active, chances are you have experienced tootsie problems, but in many cases, incorrect footwear is to blame. Sports podiatrist Jeremy Gersh from Melbourne's McKinnon Sports Medicine Centre has pretty much seen it all when it comes to feet: "I see patients that play all types of sports, from ballet dancers to marathon runners. Incorrect footwear can often cause, or make injuries a lot worse." Common problems include: Corns and Calluses As our toes naturally curl inward, squashing them into tight spaces makes them rub against the inside of the shoe. Your skin tries to protect itself so it forms nasty, painful bumps. Hard corns (Heloma Durum) appear on the top or the tips of your toes, or along the side of your feet. Soft corns (Heloma Molle) are caused by bone abnormalities and pop up in between your toes. High-heeled shoes can cause soft corns because they force the weight to the front of the foot, adding extra pressure. Treatment starts with wearing wider, more comfortable shoes. A podiatrist can give you instant relief from hard corns by removing their cores, or cutting or burning them off. But bear in mind that they will usually grow back if you don't fix the underlying problem.

63. PodiatryNetwork.com - Heel Pain heel bone. Many people have heel spurs at the attachment of the plantarfascia with out having any symptoms or pain. There are some http://www.podiatrynetwork.com/r_heel_pain.cfm

Common Disorders General Articles Ask The Doctor Find a Doctor ... Knee Disorders Heel Pain By Kirk A. Koepsel, D.P.M. Editor, PodiatryNetwork.com Description of Condition Additional Information Print This Article Ask the Doctor Foot Care Products Description The most common form of heel pain, is pain on the bottom of the heel. It tends to occur for no apparent reason and is often worse when first placing weight on the foot. Patients often complain of pain the first thing in the morning or after getting up to stand after sitting. The pain can be a sharp, searing pain or present as a tearing feeling in the bottom of the heel. As the condition progresses there may be a throbbing pain after getting off your feet or there may be soreness that radiates up the back of the leg. Pain may also radiate into the arch of the foot. There are several factors that cause the foot to flatten and excessively stretching the plantar fascia. The primary factor is the structure of a joint complex below the ankle joint, called the subtalar joint. The movement of this joint complex causes the arch of the foot to flatten and to heighten. Flattening of the arch of the foot is termed pronation and heightening of the arch is called supination. If there is excessive pronation of the foot during walking and standing, the plantar fascia is strained. Over time, this will cause a weakening of the ligament where it attaches into the heel bone, causing pain. When a person is at rest and off of their feet, the plantar fascia attempts to mend itself. Then, with the first few steps the fascia re-tears causing pain. Generally, after the first few steps the pain diminishes. This is why the heel pain tends to be worse the first few steps in the morning or after rest.

64. Z-CoiL® Pain Relief Footwear TM life. This pain is often caused by plantar fasciitis or heel spurs.A rigid platform under your midfoot and heel can prevent this. http://www.zcoil.com/concept.html

Built Differently Rigid Support About Impact Back Home Top of the Page ... Download PDF Built in Orthotic The Z-Orthotic is the primary factor in reducing foot pain. Contrary to most beliefs, soft or flexible shoes are terrible for the foot! The Z-Orthotic is engineered to be extremely rigid and strong. The benefits to the foot are many: Better fit: The Z-orthotic cradles each foot curve - Equal pressure distribution. Better stability Most Important: Eliminates your chance of getting heel spurs or plantar fascia (pain in the midfoot) Spring Suspension System Four times more cushioning than any other shoe! More than 1 inch of Compression (27mm)! Read the full report here. Built Differently Rigid Support About Impact Back Home Top of the Page Download PDF Chances are you'll experience foot pain several times during your life. This pain is often caused by plantar fasciitis or heel spurs. A rigid platform under your mid-foot and heel can prevent this. Protect your foot with the Z-Orthotic (Built-in) Three-quarter length so your foot only bends where it should: at the ball of the foot. Features a rounded heel and raised arch, like your foot is naturally, for a glove-like fit

65. Foot Care 4 U: Heel Conditions Foot pain, heel pain, heel spurs, bunions, corns, calluses, ingrown toenails, fungus,arthritis, neuromas, burning feet, numb feet, cold feet, arch pain, gout http://www.footcare4u.com/ailments/heel.html

WHAT IS A HEEL SPUR? The heel bone is the largest bone in the foot and absorbs the most stress. A heel spur is an abnormal growth of bone either at the back of the heel, or most commonly on the bottom of the heel. The most common symptom of a heel spur is to have pain when first getting out of bed in the morning, or after resting for 20 minutes then getting up. WHY DO WE GET HEEL SPURS OR HEEL SPUR SYNDROME? The most common reasons for heel spurs and heel pain is due to excessive stress and stains applied to the heel bone and the soft tissues structures that attach to the heel bone when we walk. This abnormal stress and strain is caused by Abnormal Pronation This is a direct by-product of our modern-day society, where many jobs demand long hours of standing on hard concrete, that are unforgiving on our feet. Over a period of years one of the major structures attached to the heel called the plantar fascia (this is the large rubber band structures that hold up your arch, and that goes from the heel to the ball of the foot) pulls away from the calcaneus (heel bone) and causes microscopic bleeding to occur.

66. Our Foot Doctor - Custom Made Orthotics, Heel Pain, Plantar Fasciitis, Heel Spur Comprehensive information about a variety of foot and ankle disorders. Also includes pain relievers Category Health Conditions and Diseases Feet...... for information and affordable foot care products. The two most commoncauses of heel pain are heel spurs and plantar fasciitis. http://www.ourfootdoctor.com/

Home About Us Ask Our Foot Doctor Custom Orthotics ... Foot Pain and Foot Care Products: Are you suffering from foot and ankle pain? Use our directory to quickly learn more about the pain you have, and how to treat it. Dr. Kasdan recommends home remedies and affordable products that will help you get back on pain-free feet. Ask Our Doctor: Dr. Paul R. Kasdan, our board certified podiatrist, will respond to your questions! Here you can search our archive for previous questions related to your foot care needs, or submit a question for our foot doctor to respond to. Custom Orthotics: Our specialty is providing customers with custom-made orthotics affordably and conveniently. Learn how simple it is to relieve certain foot disorders by simply inserting a pair of custom orthotics into any pair of shoes (boots, or skates) you wear. Custom Sports Orthotics: Custom-made sports orthotics are medical devices that allow the feet and ankles to function without pain, and to protect them from the repetitive stress of sports activities. Check out our new line of custom-made orthotics designed especially for athletes. Custom Dance Orthotics: View Your Shopping Cart and Check Out: When you're ready to finish your order, review what you've placed in your "Shopping Cart" and check out using our secure Web server.

67. Plantar Fasciitis, Heel Pain, Heel Spurs, Foot Pain, Plantar Fascitis, Orthotics The two most common causes of heel pain are heel spurs and plantar fasciitis. Thetwo most common causes of heel pain are heel spurs and plantar fasciitis. http://www.ourfootdoctor.com/yourfeet_plantarfasciitis.shtml

Home About Us Ask Our Foot Doctor Custom Orthotics ... Contact Us CARING FOR YOUR FEET Plantar Fasciitis The two most common causes of heel pain are heel spurs and plantar fasciitis. The chief diagnostic sign of these problems is: pain in the bottom of the heel or arch when first standing, which gradually improves with walking. This pain may return with continued walking. The treatment involves correcting the underlying causitive problems. Please read the following section for more information on the problem and its treatment. Description: The two most common causes of pain in the bottom of the heel and arch are heel spurs and plantar fasciitis. The plantar fascia is the thick ligamentous band in the bottom of the foot which is attached to the heel, and runs forward to insert into the ball of the foot. Plantar fasciitis is an inflammation of this band at its attachment to the heel. Symptoms: Plantar fasciitis pain is usually located in the center or the inner side of the bottom of the heel. The pain is most intense when first standing, after any period of rest. Most people with this problem experience their greatest pain in the morning, with the first few steps after sleeping. After several minutes of walking, the pain becomes less intense and may disappear completely, only to return later with prolonged walking or standing. If a nerve is irritated due to the swollen plantar fascia, this pain may radiate into the arch or the ankle. Causes: Each time we take a step forward, all of our body weight first rests on the heel of one foot. As our weight moves forward, the entire foot begins to bear the body's weight, and the foot flattens and this places a great deal of pressure and strain on the plantar fascia. There is very little "give" to the plantar fascia, so as it stretches only slightly, it pulls on its attachment to the heel. If the foot is properly aligned this pull causes no problems. However, if the foot is "pronated" (the foot rolls inward, causing a break down of the inner side of the shoe), the arch falls excessively, and this causes an abnormal stretching of the relatively inflexible plantar fascia, which in turn pulls abnormally hard on the heel.

68. Foot Health Foundation Of America heel. heel spurs. A common provide pain relief. Other good news is thatheel spurs do not often develop in children. back to top. Prevention. http://www.foothealthfdn.com/heelpainfc.htm

FHF Home About FHF What is Podiatric Medicine? Footcare Facts and Conditions ... Ask Questions Your Podiatric Physician Talks About Heel Pain Quick Bar Introduction Heel Pain, Heel Spurs, Plantar Faciitis Excessive Pronation Disease ... Treatment Test your knowledge on Heel Pain with our Quiz on Plantar Faciitis Heel Pain Has Many Causes In our pursuit of healthy bodies, pain can be an enemy. In some instances, however, it is of biological benefit. Pain that occurs right after an injury or early in an illness may play a protective role, often warning us about the damage we've suffered. When we sprain an ankle, for example, the pain warns us that the ligament and soft tissues may be frayed and bruised, and that further activity may cause additional injury. Pain, such as may occur in our heels, also alerts us to seek medical attention. This alert is of utmost importance because of the many afflictions that contribute to heel pain.

69. Foot Health Foundation Of America heel spurs are bony growths on the underside, forepart of the heel bone. Thereare many excellent treatments for heel pain and heel spurs. http://www.foothealthfdn.com/fitness.htm

FHF Home About FHF What is Podiatric Medicine? Footcare Facts and Conditions ... Ask Questions General Fitness and Your Feet Quick Bar Planning First Steps Footwear and Apparel Proper Foot Care ... Fitness and Your Podiatrist Fitness Planning Striving for physical fitness is not to be taken lightly. The President's Council on Physical Fitness and Sports cautions that unless you are convinced of the benefits of fitness and the risks of unfitness, you will not succeed. Patience is essential. Don't try to do too much too soon; give yourself a chance to improve. As you exercise, pay attention to what your body, including your feet, tells you. If you feel discomfort, you may be trying to do too much too fast. Ease up a bit or take a break and start again at another time. Drink fluids on hot days or during very strenuous activities, to avoid heat stroke and heat exhaustion. back to top First Step See Your Doctor Before you start a fitness program, you should consult a physician for a complete physical, and a podiatric physician for a foot exam. This is especially so if you are over 60, haven't had a physical checkup in the last year, have a disease or disability, or are taking medication. It is recommended that if you are 35-60, substantially overweight, easily fatigued, smoke excessively, have been physically inactive, or have a family history of heart disease, you should consult a physician.

70. Cajun Zydeco Articles Published May 1, 2002 Return to ZydEZine Articles Page. - Give heel spurs the Boot Pardner! Give HeelSpurs the Boot Pardner! © Copyright by Jeffrey A. Oster, DPM, C.Ped. http://www.homestead.com/cajunzydeco/files/articles/a020501.htm

The "ZydE-Zine" Published May 1, 2002 A Collection of Interesting Articles Return to ZydE-Zine Articles Page - Give Heel Spurs the Boot Pardner! - Cajun Dance Establishments - Updated - Buckwheat Zydeco Wins Emmy - Cajun Company (Netherlands) CD Available - "The Red Stick Ramblers" - Don Rich - "Throw Away The Key" - Fair to Middlin' - "Turn Your Radio On" - Travels in Louisiana and Florida: Week One- Dewey Balfa Cajun and Creole Heritage Week - A Trick to Keep from Spreading E-mail Worms - Festivals Galore! Contributors: Jeffrey A. Oster (Ohio) "Tee-Mick" Abed (Louisiana) Gary Hayman (Maryland) Ted Fox (New York) Bas van der Poll (Netherlands) Dale "Le Blanc" Johnson (California) Dan Willging (Colorado) Andrea Rubinstein (California) Give Heel Spurs the Boot Pardner! author. Further re-print permissions must be obtained from author. Author is a Board Certified Podiatrist and Pedorthists (Doctor of Podiatric Medicine/Certification in Pedorthics) in practice in Granville, Ohio (outside

71. LookSmart - Plantar Fasciitis And Heel Spurs Featured Sponsors. Plantar Fasciitis and heel spurs. Find articles that explainthe nature of plantar fasciitis and heel spurs. Includes treatment information. http://www.looksmart.com/eus317902/eus554370/eus63708/eus217356/eus263610/eus538

72. Diabetic Feet Circulation,Neuropathy,Massager. Heel Spurs,Arthritis Pain. CN305 Deluxe Aerobic Exercise Machine. CN-308DL Deluxe Aerobic Exercise Machine.Massage for Chiropractors, Physical therapists and Chinese Medicine, http://www.buyamag.com/cgi-bin/html/ms126.htm

Foot Circulation Massager CN-305 Deluxe Aerobic Exercise Machine CN-308DL Deluxe Aerobic Exercise Machine Foot Swing Aerobic Exercise Machine Foot Circulation Biomagnetic Massager Foot Circulation Massager Foot Circulation Massager Quantity The unique design of the Foot Circulation Massager includes these five important methods: PMF - pulsating magnetic field Heat therapy Acupressure Reflexology Massage Foot Circulation Massager's multifunction design is made in China specially to promote and invigorate circulation and oxygenation. The science of reflexology teaches us the important connection between healthy feet and a sound body. Use 15 min each time, 2-3 times a day. WHY USE FOOT CIRCULATION MASSAGER MS-126 This unique design Foot Circulation Massager with 420 different high protrusions on the foot platform, for reflexology, open energy meridians, to stimulate and invigorate feet and the whole body. In addition it has 4 Biomagnets permanently built into the 4 highest protrusions for energizing and opening the energy meridians.

73. The Mineral Connection's Frequently Asked Questions heel spurs. New info on heel spurs There are many different causes of spurs sothere are several different remedies. You'll have to do trial and error. http://www.mineralconnection.com/faq.htm

Books for Babies FAQs Health Forum Healthy Info ... Site Map shop by category Featured Specials Athletic Department Books, Books, Books Childrens Department Herb Department Mens Department Pet Department Womens Department Frequently Asked Questions 5-HTP Heal Spurs Magnets Want to Gain Weight ~ Are Credit Card Orders Really Secure? I've been getting a lot of questions that are very similar. So, I decided to put my answers on one page so everyone can get help without waiting for me to answer e-mail. It's faster for both of us. I'll be adding as I receive questions that seem appropriate. If you have a question and the answer isn't here, e-mail me with it and I'll put it on here. Are Credit Card Orders Really Secure? Especially if I divide my credit card into two e-mails to different accounts? I believe splitting a credit card number up is about as secure as possible. From what I understand, the "hackers" grab a single burst of transmission which is millions of bites. The odds that both e-mails would be caught and, even more unlikely, matched are pretty astronomical. It's a lot more likely that a disgruntled or larcenous employee will take the numbers off credit card receipts or that someone will break into a store and steal credit card receipts (which we're required to hold for 4 years) than a credit card number be stolen in e-mail. (This is true of both brick and morter stores and internet stores.)

74. Surgery For Plantar Fasciitis/heel Spurs - Everybody - Health Info For New Zeala SURGERY FOR PLANTAR FASCIITITS AND heel spurs. Foot surgery for plantar fasciaproblems. Some heel problems can result from poor foot mechanics. http://www.everybody.co.nz/docsi_p/plantar_surg.htm

Advertisers do not influence the content of this page home ll conditions ll bulletin board ll healthy living ll ll tools ll NZ health scene ll quizzes health research ll find an LMC ll hospitals ll nutrition research ll OTC medicines guide ll contact ll about us Health Conditions A-Z Quick Links Achilles tendonitis Asthma - Adult Onset Asthma - What is it? Asthma - Puffers and Inhalers Asthma Triggers Asthma in Childhood and Infancy Asthma - COPD Amblyopia Acne Age and the Eye Anaphylaxis Allergic Rhinitis and Hayfever Alzheimer's Disease Ankylosing Spondylitis Angina Arthritis - What is it?

75. WHAT ARE THE CAUSES AND TREATMENTS FOR PAIN IN THE HEEL AND BACK OF THE FOOT? cases. heel spurs. heel spurs are calcium deposits that develop into sharpbony growths under the heel bone. Treatment for heel spurs. Most http://www.ucdmc.ucdavis.edu/ucdhs/health/a-z/61footpain/doc61heel.html

WHAT ARE THE CAUSES AND TREATMENTS FOR PAIN IN THE HEEL AND BACK OF THE FOOT? The heel is the largest bone in the foot. Heel pain is the most common foot problem and affects two million Americans every year. It can occur in the front, back, or bottom of the heel. General treatment guidelines are follows: The American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) suggests shoe inserts, medications, and stretching as a first line of therapy for heel pain. One study found that 95% of women who used an insert and did simple stretching exercises for the Achilles tendon and plantar fascia experienced improvement after eight weeks. If these treatments fail, the patient may need prescription heel orthotics and extended physical therapy. Heel surgery to relieve pain may be performed for heel spurs, plantar fasciitis, bursitis, or neuroma. Surgery is not recommended until nonsurgical methods have failed for at least six months and preferably up to 12 months. Nonsurgical treatments for heel pain are effective in 90% of patients. Plantar Fasciitis Plantar fasciitis occurs from small tears and inflammation in the wide band of tendons and ligaments that stretches from the heel to the ball of the foot. This band, much like the tensed string in a bow, forms the arch of the foot and helps to serve as a shock absorber for the body. The term plantar means the sole of the foot, and fascia refers to any fibrous connective tissue in the body.

76. Ask Reflexology Rex GUILLANBARRE SYNDROME. Headaches. Headaches and Elimination of Body Waste,Headaches with hand injuries, Heel. Heel Pad Pain, heel spurs, heel spurs, HERPES. http://www.reflexology-usa.org/askrex.htm

Ask Reflexology Rex Thanks for visiting our ASK REX page, and Thank You , for all the questions and letters to Reflexology Rex. Please keep them coming. View the most recent letters to REX Acid Reflux Acid Reflux Acid Reflux Acid Reflux in Babies ... Unstable gait Updated Tuesday, January 21, 2003 Search for: VISIT the ARCHIVES of Reflexology Rex questions you have asked over the past few months. Have a Reflexology question? Please submit your question to Ask Rex Acid Reflux Acid Reflux ... Lung Cancer For more Reflex Rex Questions Click Here The views and opinions expressed in this column are used for educational purposes only and are not to be taken as medical advice or diagnosing conditions. Any health concerns should be referred to your medical practitioner. Ask Rex Due to the volume of letters received your question may not be answered immediately. Return Home Reflexology Association of America 4012 Rainbow Ste. K-PMB#585 Las Vegas, NV 89103-2059 Send E-mail regarding this site to Reflexology Association of America This site created and maintained by CHAZLO Technologies

77. Heel Spurs heel spurs. I am a certified Reflexologist in Ohio, USA, and yesterdayhad a client who has a bad case of heel spurs on both feet. http://www.reflexology-usa.org/q_a/q_a110.htm

Heel Spurs Dear Reflexology Rex... Your "Ask Rex" page has been a delight for me to read and study. I am a certified Reflexologist in Ohio, USA, and yesterday had a client who has a bad case of heel spurs on both feet. She has had x-rays determining they are in fact spurs, and has gone the "route" with her foot doctors. She is still in great pain and has decided to try Reflexology. I've assured her she her she can get great results from Reflexology, but her feet must be worked on every day. She is only able to see me once a week, so I highly encouraged her to have her husband work on those spurs every day in order to break them up and also do many ankle rotations. I'm looking for any other advice on this subjectwhat should I be looking for as far as progress? I am sure I can help her, but don't want to miss anything!! Thank you for your help. Cheryl Dear Cheryl......Your approach to the heel spur is quite correct. success really depends on the frequency of treatment. If it is not done daily it will not be effective. Good luck!

78. THE STRASSBURG SOCK - A Treatment For Foot Pain Associated With Planter Fasciiti The Strassburg Sock reduces pain associated with planter fasciitis,planter fascia, heel spurs and foot pain. http://www.thesock.com/

A simple cost effective treatment for foot pain associated with plantar fasciitis, plantar fascia and heel spurs. Plantar Fasciitis (Heel Spurs) Does that first step in the morning or after getting up from your easy chair feel like someone stuck a knife in your heel? If this is a description of you, you're not alone. Thousands of people each year are faced with this type of pain. While there may be other causes, the most common is Plantar Fasciitis The "Strassburg Sock" This easy to use, inexpensive device is designed to keep the tension on the tissue (plantar fascia) so it heals in a stretched position at night. To Order The "Strassburg Sock" CLICK HERE or call toll free The "Strassburg Sock" Patent #5,399,155 The "Strassburg Sock" is a simple cost effective treatment for foot pain associated with planter fasciitis, planter fascia and heel spurs. JT Enterprises LLC - P.O.Box 1253 - North Tonawanda, NY 14120-1253 - Phone: 1-800-452-0631 - Fax: 1-716-433-9291

79. Sport Science Resources On SPORTQuest heel spurs, Shin Splints, Foot and Heel Pain Secret Revealed heel spurs, shin splints,heel pains, foot pains, plantar fasciitis, foot problems Easyreading http://www.sportquest.com/resources/sportscience2.cfm?scat=Injury

80. The Foot And Ankle If the fascia is under prolonged strain, heel spurs can develop. Heelspurs are essentially calcium deposits which attempt to affix http://fit4martialarts.com/footandankle.htm

F it M artial A rts.com Knee Problems Hip Problems Back Problems Shoulder Problems ... Degenerative Hip Arthritis Other Body Parts Hamstrings Connective Tissues Ribs The Fitness Center ... Back Surgery Peak Training Performance Problems Training Errors Frequent Sports Injuries Diet and Nutrition ... Glossary of Terms The Anatomy of the ankle including ankle sprains, plantar fasciitis, achilles tendon problems, shin splints (anterior compartment syndrome), osteochondritis dessicans, tendocalcaneal bursitis, and tarsal tunnel syndrome. The Ankle and Foot TT T he ankle joint is consists of three bones: The tibia- forms the inside or medial, portion of the ankle, The fibula- forms the lateral or outside portion of the ankle The talus- which forms the lowermost bone of the ankle joint Under the ankle joint is the second part of ankle, the subtalar joint, consisting of; The talus on top, The calcaneus, on the bottom. The ends of the bones in these joints are protected by articular cartilage. The major ligaments of the ankle are the anterior tibiofibular ligament, which connects the tibia to the fibula, and lateral collateral ligaments, which attach the fibula to calcaneus and give the ankle lateral stability. Also, on the medial side of the ankle, the deltaoid ligaments connect the tibia to the talus and calcaneus and provide medial stability. The various elements coordinate to manage the workload as you walk, run, and jump. Next in line, is a group of bones known as the tarsal bones, which operate in a complex and highly functional way. When the foot is twisted in one direction by the muscles of the foot and leg, these bones lock together and form a rigid structure. When they are twisted in the opposite direction, they unlock and allow the foot to instantly adapt to the surface it is negotiating. The tarsal bones are connected to the 5 long bones of the foot called the metatarsals. The phalanges are the bones of the toes. The joints between the metatarsals and the first phalanx is called the metatarsal phalangeal joint. These form the ball of the foot. The big toe is the hallux and serve the critical toe in walking.

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