21. Hepatic Encephalopathy may develop spastic paraparesis or chronic progressive hepatocerebral degeneration,the latter a clinical variant of hepatic encephalopathy characterized by a http://www.geocities.com/twisted_artist/Medecine/hepatic_encephalopathy.htm

Hepatic Encephalopathy DEFINITION: Hepatic encephalopathy is a syndrome seen in patients with cirrhosis of the liver. It is characterized by personality changes, intellectual impairment, and a depressed level of consciousness , fluctuating neurologic signs, asterixis or "flapping tremor," and distinctive electroencephalographic changes. An important prerequisite for the syndrome is diversion of portal blood into the systemic circulation through porto-systemic collateral vessels. Indeed, hepatic encephalopathy may develop in non-cirrhotic patients who have undergone portocaval shunt surgery. The development of hepatic encephalopathy is explained to some extent by the effect of neurotoxic substances, which occurs in the setting of cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Subtle signs of hepatic encephalopathy are seen in nearly 70% of patients with cirrhosis. Symptoms may be debilitating in a significant number of patients and are seen in 24-53% of patients who undergo portosystemic shunt surgery. About 30% patients dying of end-stage liver disease will experience significant encephalopathy, approaching coma. Encephalopathy may be acute and reversible or chronic and progressive . In severe cases, irreversible coma and death may occur. Acute episodes may recur with variable frequency

22. Gastroenterology Chapter 14 - The Liver acute recurrent, chronic recurrent and chronic permanent encephalopathy (the lastoften forms part of the spectrum of acquired hepatocerebral degeneration). http://gastroresource.com/GITextbook/en/chapter14/14-13-pr.htm

13. Hepatic Encephalopathy / L.J. Worobetz page 537 Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a complex, potentially reversible neuropsychiatric condition that occurs as a consequence of acute or chronic liver disease. It is characterized by changes of personality, consciousness, behavior and neuromuscular function ( Table 20 ). Early features include reversal of sleep pattern, apathy, hypersomnia, irritability and personal neglect. In later stages, delirium and coma may occur. Neurologic signs may include hyperreflexia, rigidity, myoclonus and asterixis. Asterixis is not specific to hepatic encephalopathy and may be present in other causes of metabolic encephalopathy. Seizures and lateralizing signs are uncommon and are more commonly seen in acute than chronic liver failure. Clinically, a number of encephalopathic patterns can be observed: acute, acute recurrent, chronic recurrent and chronic permanent encephalopathy (the last often forms part of the spectrum of acquired hepatocerebral degeneration). TABLE 20. Grading of hepatic encephalopathy

23. Private Payers Serving Individuals With Disabilities And Chronic 571.6, Biliary cirrhosis, Yes, 572.2, Acute and chronic hepatic encephalopathy,acquired hepatocerebral degeneration, Yes, 576.1, Sclerosing cholangitis, Yes, http://aspe.hhs.gov/daltcp/reports/privpayA.htm

24. AOD Thesaurus Annotated Hierarchy: Diseases GU GY14 ST, biliary encephalopathy. coma hepaticum. hepatic coma. hepatocerebral syndrome.portacaval encephalopathy. portalsystemic encephalopathy. RT, GF2.28.10e coma qhah. http://etoh.niaaa.nih.gov/AODVol1/aodhngu.htm

AOD Thesaurus. Annotated Hierarchy. diseases. GU - GY14 b-out To Broad Outline d-out To Detailed Outline qh To Quick Hierarchy Previous Annotated Hierarchy section Next Annotated Hierarchy section Search GU e immune disorder d-out qh NT GT2.8 blood group incompatibility qh ah BT +GK disorder by body system or organ function qh ah +XTe immune system qh ah RT +ET4e immune function qh ah +HF20e immunologic test qh ah immediate hypersensitivity qh SN A condition in which components of the immune system overreact or respond in an inappropriate manner, causing tissue damage. ST type I immunologic disease RT +EE14.4.4.4.2e toxic drug effect qh ah ET4.2.4.2.2 IgE-mediated immediate hypersensitivity qh ah anaphylaxis qh atopy qh ST allergy atopic hypersensitivity NT GM4.4 atopic dermatitis qh ah e asthma qh HN ETOH descriptor 2000. BT +GOe respiratory disorder qh ah hay fever qh skin hypersensitivity qh NT GM4.4 atopic dermatitis qh ah GM4.6 contact dermatitis qh ah GM4.8e eczema qh ah RT +GMe skin disorder qh ah e immunodeficiency qh RT ET4.4.4e immunosuppressive effect qh ah GH16.12.20.2.2e acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

25. EMR Textbook - The Alcoholic Patient: Neurological, Cardiac, Pulmonary, And Rena of thiamine or nicotinic acid, recurrent head trauma, hepatocerebral degeneration,and to cerebellar lesions seen in Wernicke’s encephalopathy suggests that http://www.thrombosis-consult.com/articles/Textbook/154_alcoholicpatient.htm

The Alcoholic Patient: Neurological, Cardiac, Pulmonary, and Renal Complications Rita K. Cydulka, MD, FACEP George Eversman, MD Alcohol. Few drugs wreak so much havoc so often and with such predictability. And to complicate matters, alcoholic patients are frequently uncooperative, have more than one underlying disease, and a compliance profile that is usually less than optimal. Critical diagnostic findings may be obscured by ethanol intoxication, and disposition decisions are complicated by the patient’s compromised capacity for vigilant self-care and appropriate follow-up. Add to these pitfalls the fact that chronic alcoholics tend to be poor historians and that the range of medical and surgical disorders afflicting them can fill a textbook of medicine, and it is clear why these patients are prone to falling between the diagnostic cracks. Although alcoholic patients are frequent users of emergency care, physician recognition of various alcohol-related diseases is poor. Some alcohol-related conditions require immediate lifesaving interventions, whereas others require hospital admission or outpatient referral for resolution. Whatever the diagnosis and ultimate disposition, recognition of chronic alcohol abuse as a cause for these problems is imperative so that early care can be instituted.

26. Scope Of Work portalsystemic encephalopathy) Uremic encephalopathy encephalopathy associatedwith Chronic acquired (Non-Wilsonian) hepatocerebral degeneration Kernicterus http://www.cochraneneuronet.org/livello2/scope_of_work2.html

Index of Diseases BACK to scope of work ACQUIRED METABOLIC DISORDERS MIGRAINE AND HEADACHE ALCOHOL AND ALCOHOLISM ... OTHERS ACQUIRED METABOLIC DISORDERS back to index Ischemic-Hypoxic encephalopathy Carbon Monoxide Poisoning High-Altitude sickness Hypercapnic pulmonary disease Hypoglycemic encephalopathy Hyperglycemia Hepatic stupor and coma (hepatic or portal-systemic encephalopathy) Uremic encephalopathy Encephalopathy associated with sepsis and burns Disorders of sodium, potassium and water balance Central pontine myelinolysis Chronic acquired (Non-Wilsonian) hepatocerebral degeneration Kernicterus Hypoparathyroidism Cerebellar ataxia associated with myxedema Effects of Hyperthermia on the Cerebellum Cerebellar syndromes associated with celiac-sprue and Jejunoileal bypass Cushing disease and corticosteroid psychoses Thyroid encephalopathies Pancreatic encephalopathy

27. Selecciones Veterinarias Virtual - Bibliografía W, Hickey WF, Dobson W E. Early childhood hepatocerebral degeneration misdiagnosed ofAlpers disease (cronic progressive encephalopathy) produces experimental http://www.seleccionesveterinarias.com/Bibliografia.html

Bibliografía de los artículos : Encefalopatía Espongiforme Bovina (EEB)-Enfermedad de Creutzfeldt-Jakob-Kuru Enfermedades por priones Bibliografía de Zoonosis Bibliografía del artículo: Encefalopatía Espongiforme Bovina (EEB)-Enfermedad de Creutzfeldt-Jakob-Kuru (Selecciones Veterinarias, Vol. 9, No 1, 2001) Mandell, Douglas and Bennetts. Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. Chapter 67: Prion Diseases of the Central Nervous System (Transmissible Neurodegenerative Diseases), Kenneth L. Tyler. Fourth Edition, Churchill Livingstone, 1995. American Public Health Association. Control of Communicable Diseases Manual. Sixteenth Edition. Abram S. Benenson, Editor, 1995 OMS, Enfermedades emergentes y otras transmisibles. Informe de Brotes: Enf.de Creutzfeld-Jakob. Internet, 21 de marzo de 1996. Oficina Internacional de Epizootias (O.I.E.). Código Zoosanitario Internacional, actualizaciones 1994 y 1995. Capítulo 3.2.13. Encefalopatía Espongiforme Bovina, 1995. OMS. Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE), Fact sheet N113 March 1996, Internet http://www.who.org

28. E. Management OF COMPLICATIONS OF CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE 1. Patients with chronic encephalopathy should be advised against driving and E, PenderM, Chalk J. Improvement in chronic hepatocerebral degeneration following http://www.nzliver.org/Protocol/Finished/E Mgmt of Complications LTU Protocol.ht

E. Management OF COMPLICATIONS OF CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE BLEEDING COMPLICATING PORTAL HYPERTENSION Management of bleeding complicating portal hypertension Bleeding as a complication of portal hypertension can arise from the following sites: NB: 20-50% of episodes of upper GI bleeding in patients with cirrhosis are due to nonvariceal causes Patients may present in the following manner: All patients should be undergo oesophago-gastro-duodenoscopy (OGD) as per GI Bleeding Guidelines. In patients in whom variceal bleeding is suspected empirical treatment with Octreotide (see below) is recommended prior to diagnostic OGD. Management of suspected bleeding oesophageal varices: URGENT SCLEROTHERAPY/BANDING continued massive haematemesis encephalopathy suspected aspiration Proceed with oesophago-gastro-duodenoscopy (OGD) and carry out variceal band ligation/sclerotherapy If bleeding not controlled SSB tube (by experienced physician only) Increase PEEP Consider TIPPS If bleeding controlled repeat OGD in 24 hrs: IF uncertain that bleeding has been arrested.

29. Product Abstract:BRANCH CHAIN AMINO ACIDS and relate closely to the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy and protein oftherapeutic tools applied in patients with the hepatocerebral syndrome is http://www.lef.org/prod_hp/abstracts/php-ab224.html

LEF Site Search All categories Protocols Health Conditions Products LE Magazine Medical Abstracts What's Hot FDA Information About LEF LEF News Products Product Index Alphabetical List New Products Blood Testing ... Security Free Product Directory Click for a FREE copy of our Product Directory LEF Membership What is LEF? Benefits Become a Member Renewals ... Become a Subscriber Our call center has now expanded its hours Monday thru Friday: 8:30am to 12:00am EST 5:30am to 9:00pm PST Saturday hours are: 9:00am to 8:00pm EST 6:00am to 5:00pm PST Sunday hours are: 11:00am to 7:00pm EST 8:00am to 4:00pm PST If you'd like to order by phone or speak to a live person for help, just call toll free: Customer Service Info Privacy Policy We subscribe to the HONcode principles. Verify here LEF Shop Membership Browse ... Order History BRANCH CHAIN AMINO ACIDS Oral supplementation with branched-chain amino acids improves transthyretin turnover in rats with carbon tetrachloride-induced liver cirrhosis Overview of randomized clinical trials of oral branched-chain amino acid treatment in chronic hepatic encephalopathy Leucine metabolism in rats with cirrhosis.

30. SpringerLink: Acta Neuropathologica - Abstract Volume 90 Issue 1 (1995) Pp 107-1 repeated episodes of hepatic encephalopathy, but no fixed neurological signs. Autopsyrevealed typical features of acquired hepatocerebral degeneration with http://link.springer-ny.com/link/service/journals/00401/bibs/5090001/50900107.ht

Acta Neuropathologica ISSN: 0001-6322 (printed version) ISSN: 1432-0533 (electronic version) Table of Contents Abstract Volume 90 Issue 1 (1995) pp 107-111 Acquired hepatocerebral degeneration in a liver transplant recipient D. Soffer (1), Yoav Sherman (1), Ran Tur-Kaspa (2), Ahmed Eid (3) (1) Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), Hadassah Medical Center, P.O. Box 12000, IL-91120, Jerusalem, Israel Fax: 972-2-434434 (2) Division of Medicine, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel (3) Division of Surgery, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel Received: 20 September 1994 / Revised, accepted: 16 January 1995 Abstract Key words Article not available online Last change: October 3, 1997 helpdesk.link@springer.de

31. EDPnet Congratulations! Most of you answered acquired hepatocerebral degeneration or hepatic encephalopathy due to portosystemic shunting . http://www.devolder.be/brl/Case of month/cases 1999/oplmarch99.htm

The page you tried to visit is not available at the moment. It is either not hosted anymore on our servers or you might have typed the wrong URL. How to contact EDPnet? By mail Belgium EDPnet n.v. Van Landeghemstraat 20 B-9100 Sint Niklaas By telephone Tel: Fax: Sales Tel: Fax: Helpdesk Tel: By e-mail info@edpnet.net Sales sales@edpnet.net Helpdesk helpdesk@edpnet.net EDP more info: info@edpnet.net - comments and remarks: webmaster

32. Untitled Document Mitochondrial DNAdepletion syndrome, hepatocerebral form (MDS). ECGF1, P19971,no ortholog, no ortholog, Myoneurogastrointestinal encephalopathy syndrome (MNGIE). http://www-deletion.stanford.edu/YDPM/mtdisease_yeasthomolog.html

Web Table B. Yeast orthologs to known human mitochondrial disease genes gene name protein ID yeast ortholog homozygous deletion disease class III Wilson disease (WD) BCKDHA DEHUXA class III Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) BCKDHB class III Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) class III Tubulopathy, encephalopathy, and liver failure due to CIII deficiency class III Deficiency of complex IV DBT class III Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) DLD DEHULP class III Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase deficiency;Leigh syndrome FH UFHUM class III Deficiency of fumarate hydratase GCSH GCHUH class III Non-ketotic hyperglycinemia, type III (NKH3) HHH class III Deficiency of ornithine translocase class III Deficiency of MTHFD1 DEHUPA class III Pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency;Leigh syndrome class III Pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency POLG class III Progressive external ophthalmoplegia with mitochondrial DNA deletions (PEO); Involved in male infertility (MI)

33. Untitled PDFVALPROATEINDUCED HYPERAMMONEMIC encephalopathy. File Format PDF/Adobe Acrobat- View as HTML. Neuroimaging Aspects of Chronic Acquired hepatocerebral http://ca.geocities.com/xetuyst/LINKS.html

Click on the links below for a look at selected topics.... DIAGNOSIS Online Health Analysis: Conditions: Hepatitis The Merk Manual of Medical Information The Merk Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy ... Encephalopathy [PDF] VALPROATE-INDUCED HYPERAMMONEMIC ENCEPHALOPATHY File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - View as HTML index Open Directory - Health: Conditions and Diseases: H Neuroimaging Aspects of Chronic Acquired ... GASTROENTEROLOGY

34. Disease Reference purpura Hepatic amebiasis Hepatic coma Hepatic encephalopathy Hepatic hemangioma Dvirus Hepatocellular carcinoma hepatocerebral degeneration Hepatolenticular http://www.pennhealth.com/ency/index/diseidxh.htm

Disease Reference A B C D ... Hairy cell leukemia Hairy leukoplakia Hairy nevus Hallervorden-Spatz disease Hallux valgus Hammer toe ... Hydronephrosis - bilateral Hydrops Hydrops fetalis Hymenolepiasis Hyper IgE syndrome Hyperaldosteronism - primary and secondary ... Hysterical neurosis

35. MEDLINEplus Medical Encyclopedia: Topics Beginning With H-Hf encephalopathy; Hepatic encephalopathy. carcinoma; hepatocerebral degeneration.Hepatolenticular degeneration see Wilson disease; Hepatomegaly; http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/encyclopedia_H-Hf.htm

Skip navigation Other encyclopedia topics: A-Ag Ah-Ap Aq-Az B-Bk ... Z Medical Encyclopedia Topics beginning with "H-Hf" H. flu meningitis see Meningitis - H. influenzae H. influenzae meningitis see Meningitis - H. influenzae H2 Receptor antagonists H2O see Water in diet Haemophilus influenzae B conjugate vaccine see Hib - vaccine Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib) vaccine see Hib - vaccine Hageman factor assay see Factor XII assay Hair - dry Hair - excessive on females Hair - oily see Oily hair Hair bleach see Hydrogen peroxide overdose Hair bleaches or lighteners Hair dyes and tints Hair follicle infection see Furuncle Hair loss Hair loss in men see Male pattern baldness Hair loss in women see Female pattern baldness Hair removal agents see Depilatories Hair spray lacquer Hair straighteners Hair tonic Hairball see Bezoar Hairy cell leukemia Hairy leukoplakia see Leukoplakia Hairy nevus see Birthmarks - pigmented Halitosis see Breath odor Hallervorden-Spatz disease Hallucinations Hallucinogen abuse see Drug abuse Hallux valgus see Bunions Ham test see Ham’s (acid hemolysin) test Hammer toe Ham’s (acid hemolysin) test Hand - foot - mouth disease ... Hand tremor Hands - chapped and dry see Chapped hands Hands X-ray Hand-Schuller-Christian disease see Histiocytosis Hangover treatment Hansen's disease see Leprosy Hanta virus Hanta virus pulmonary syndrome see Hanta virus Haptoglobin Hard liquor consumption see Alcohol use Hardening of the arteries see Atherosclerosis Harrington rod insertion see Spinal fusion Hartnup disorder Harvest mite see Chiggers Hashimoto's thyroiditis see

36. Panel De Expertos. BIBLIOGRAFÍA. Hepatonet.com. Improvement in chronic hepatocerebral degeneration following liver transplantation. Reversalof hepatic encephalopathy after occlusion of total portasystemic http://www.hepatonet.com/01formacion/enl_panelexpertos_noviembre/bibliografia.ht

Cordoba J, Blei AT. Treatment of hepatic encephalopathy. Am J Gastroenterol 1997; 92: 1429-39. McMcrea M, Cordoba J, Vessey G, Blei AT, Randolph C. Neuropsychological characterization and detection of subclinical hepatic encephalopathy. Arch Neurol 1996; 53: 758-63. Adams RD, Foley JM. The neurological disorder associated with liver disease. Proc Ass Res Nerv Dis 1953; 32: 198-237. Sobukawa E, Sakimura K, Hoshino S, Hoshino M, Miyoshi K. Hepatic myelopathy: an unusual neurological complication of advanced hepatic disease. Internal Medicine 1994; 33: 718-22. Cordoba J, Hinojosa C, Sanpedro F, Alonso J, Rovira A, Quiroga S, et al. Usefulness of magnetic resonance spectroscopy for diagnosis of hepatic encephalopathy in a patient with relapsing confusional syndrome. Dig Dis Sci 2001; 56. Reding P, Duchateau J, Bataille C. Oral zinc supplementation improves hepatic encephalopathy. Results of a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 1984; 2: 493-5. Blei AT. Helicobacter pylori, harmful to the brain? Gut 2001; 48: 590-1.

37. ASCO - American Society Of Clinical Oncology 572.2, Hepatic coma (hepatic encephalopathy, hepatocerebral intoxication, portalsystemicencephalopathy). 710.0-710.9, Diffuse disease of connective tissue. http://www.asco.org/ac/1,1003,_12-002393-00_18-0017743,00.asp?state=OH

38. Korsakov's Journal Of Neurology And Psychiatry - Abstracts ¹5 2001 these indices in patients with atherosclerotic discirculatory encephalopathy andin stimulation of the brain in patients with hepatocerebral Wilson—Konovalov http://www.mediasphera.aha.ru/neurol/2001/5/e5-01ref.htm

Abstracts Korsakov's journal of neurology and psychiatry ¹5 2001 O.A. Balunov, Ya.N. Kushnirenko Dynamics of the focal neurological disorders in stroke survivors A.A. Ayrapetyan , V.A. Maloyan, R.N. Bilyan, K.A. Manasyan, N.M. Maloyan, G.G. Manucharyan High mental functions in healthy individuals and in cerebrovascular diseases A knowledge of time parameters of the high mental functions of the brain under normal and pathological conditions may serve as a key to understanding of their intimate mechanisms. During the first stage of the study a set of different tests including “word association”, “paired words learning” was used to compare these indices in patients with atherosclerotic discirculatory encephalopathy and in normal individuals. The dynamics and volume of the short-term memory and processes of attention were evaluated. An increase of the response latencies in the paired words’ tests and a decrease of both volume of short-term memory and the processes of attention were identifid. Application of the tests with semantically similar or unlike words was informative. M.Yu. Drobizhev, S.I. Ovcharenko, E.N. Ischenko, K.A. Baturin, O.V. Vishnevskaya

39. Health Library Find Information On Disease Reference At Hepatic amebiasis Hepatic coma Hepatic encephalopathy Hepatic hemangioma delta virusHepatocellular carcinoma hepatocerebral degeneration Hepatolenticular http://www.mercksource.com/pp/us/cns/cns_hl_adam.jspzQzpgzEzzSzppdocszSzuszSzcns

40. CJNS - Alcoholic Dementia least four distinct cerebral diseases ˆ WernickeKorsakoff, Marchiafava-Bignami,pellagrous encephalopathy, and acquired hepatocerebral degeneration ˆ have a http://www.canjneurolsci.org/21maytoc/alcoholi.htm

Abstract Close Window Alcoholic Dementia Maurice Victor Abstract: Can. J. Neurol. Sci. 1994; 21: 88-99 For information about this web site e-mail to: journal@cjns.org

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