61. Leishmaniasis In Show Dogs And Imports leishmaniasis in the Dog What you can do. leishmaniasis is a nasty protozoandisease that affects both humans and dogs in many parts of the world. http://www.showdogsupersite.com/leishmaniasis.html

The Best of Breed of Online Show Dog Magazines Leishmaniasis in the Dog What you can do. Leishmaniasis is a nasty protozoan disease that affects both humans and dogs in many parts of the world. It is pronounced "leash man eye a sis". A list of countries where is is common can be found at the end of this article. As our US dog shows see more competitors from foreign countries, and breeding animals are imported more commonly, we will likely hear more about diseases which are largely unknown here. We recently had an example of this in our clinic in a brood bitch from Germany. The owner protested when I suggested a Lyme test before breeding the bitch, saying she hadn't been here long enough to have Lyme. But Lyme disease is caused by a bacterium named 'Borrelia burgdorfi', named for Burgdorf, Germany where it was first identified, and the bitch showed a positive Lyme Western Blot test. There are many places on the Net where you can go to read about leishmaniasis in humans, and it will be basically the same disease in dogs. There is a skin disease form, a form which causes ulcers in mucous membranes (the tongue and mouth), and a form which affects the internal organs. It may be fatal. The important things for us to know are: It is usually spread by an insect It is transmissible to humans from dogs and other animals (and from humans to dog as well); diseases which travel from other animals to humans are called

62. Statens Serum Instititut - Leishmaniasis leishmaniasis. Årsag. leishmaniasis skyldes infektion med en encellet parasit (protozo)Leishmania, hvoraf der findes flere typer forskellige steder i verden. http://www.serum.dk/sw675.asp

document.write(sFormElements) Forside Kontakt Job Links ... - Hundegalskab - Leishmaniasis - Rabies - Salmonella infektioner - Toxoplasmose - Vestnilfeber ... Via fødevarer LEISHMANIASIS Årsag Leishmaniasis skyldes infektion med en encellet parasit (protozo): Leishmania, hvoraf der findes flere typer forskellige steder i verden. Forekomst Leishmania findes i de fleste tropiske og subtropiske områder, og er udbredt der, men er sjælden i middelhavslandene. Smitteveje og reservoir Leishmania overføres gennem bid af en flue (sandfluer, Phlebotomus). I Indien og Bangladesh er mennesker det vigtigste reservoir, men i alle andre områder er små gnavere, ræve og hunde reservoir. Symptomer Leishmaniasis kan inddeles i tre hovedsymptomer afhængig af infektionen: 1. Visceral leishmaniasis. Generel infektion med vægttab, træthed, blodmangel, ofte konstant, let feber. Stor milt og lever. Hos personer uden immunitet kan ses et mere akut billeder med høj feber, mavesmerter, hovedpine og svimmelhed. 2. Kutan leishmaniasis. Infektionen kommer aldrig længere end til huden, hvor der dannes sår, som har vanskeligt ved at hele op. Sår kan blive op til 6 cm i diameter, men er normalt mindre. Der kan været hævede kanter og rødme omkring såret. Læsionerne kan sidde i ansigtet. 3. Mukokutan leishmaniasis. Navnet hentyder til, at slimhinderne fx. i næse og mundhule er inddraget. Sygdomsbilledet ses udelukkende i Syd- og Mellemamerika.

63. Leishmaniasis leishmaniasis. Abdel Wahab RM, el Garem AA, Morsy TA, Essa MH. The histopathologicalpicture of cutaneous leishmaniasis in western part of Saudi Arabia. http://www.gulflink.osd.mil/gwv_bib/leishmaniasis.html

Leishmaniasis Abdel Wahab RM, el Garem AA, Morsy TA, Essa MH. The histopathological picture of cutaneous leishmaniasis in western part of Saudi Arabia. J Egypt Soc Parasitol Abdel Wahab RM, Morsy TA, el Garem AA, Bahgat A, Essa MH. Introduced cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Egypt. J Egypt Soc Parasitol Abdel Wahab RM, Morsy TA, Essa MH. Clinical and laboratory aspects of visceral leishmaniasis in Gizan, Saudi Arabia. J Egypt Soc Parasitol Abdel-Aal H, Morsy TA, Hawwary GH. Clinical forms of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. JPMA J Pak Med Assoc Akuffo H, Darce M, Maasho K, Berhan TY. In vivo evaluation of immune responses in leishmaniasis: the use of cross-species leishmanin preparations for skin testing. Am J Trop Med Hyg al-Fouzan AS, al Saleh QA, Najem NM, Rostom AI. Cutaneous leishmaniasis in Kuwait. Clinical experience with itraconazole. Int J Dermatol Al-Gindan Y, Abdul-Aziz O, Kubba R. Cutaneous leishmaniasis in Al-Hassa, Saudi Arabia. Int J Dermatol al-Jurayyan NA, al Ayed IH, al-Nasser MN, al-Mugeiren MM, Boohene AG, al Herbish AS. Visceral leishmaniasis in infancy and childhood epidemiology and clinicopathological study of 63 cases in Al-Baha Province, Saudi Arabia. J Trop Pediatr al-Shammari SA, Khoja TA, Fehr A. Cutaneous leishmaniasis in Riyadh region: Four-year study of the epidemiologic and clinical features.

64. Leishmaniasis Infections leishmaniasis. Clinical and Epidemiology Leishmania Research. Cost toDate $150,000. Protective Immunity in Experimental Visceral leishmaniasis. http://www.gulflink.osd.mil/medsearch/Infections/Leishmaniasis/Leishmaniasis_hom

Research Topics Major Focus Areas Reports Research Topics Research Topics Major Focus Areas Reports Research Topics Cancer Cardiovascular Chemical Warfare Digestive Health ... Treatment Infections Leishmaniasis Clinical and Epidemiology Leishmania Research This project aims to develop a serological test for viscerotropic leishmaniasis and to develop new xanthone-based drugs for the treatment of this disease. Project Number: VA-6E Status: Complete Period of Performance: October 01,1994 - March 31,2000 Location: VAMC Portland/Croet Portland Cost to Date: $2,829,069 for VA-6Core and VA-6A through VA-6E Development of Diagnostic Tools and Alternative Treatment Drugs for Leishmania This study attempts to develop screening tests and alternative drugs for diagnosing and treating leishmania in infected military personnel. Project Number: DoD-95 Status: Ongoing Period of Performance: December 31,1999 - December 31,2002 Location: Naval Health Research Center Walter Reed Army Institute of Research Cost to Date: Development of a Leishmania Skin Test Antigen (LSTA) This study continues development of a skin test for leishmaniasis (like the skin test for tuberculosis) that would help diagnose this parasitic infection in Gulf War veterans and others who may have been exposed.

65. Leishmaniasis leishmaniasis. General Information leishmaniasis is an infection primarilyinvolving the skin, mucous membranes, and certain internal organs. http://orpheus-1.ucsd.edu/shs/leishmaniasis.html

Leishmaniasis General Information Leishmaniasis is an infection primarily involving the skin, mucous membranes, and certain internal organs. It is transmitted (in most cases) by sandflies and occurs in tropical and subtropical areas of the world. The vector sandflies are abundant in the drier areas of the tropics and subtropics but may also be found in humid areas. The transmitting female sandfly (only female sandflies take blood) most frequently bites at night and shelters in dark corners during the day. Occurrence The dog is the principal animal reservoir for leishmaniasis, but rodents, horses, cattle and sheep have also been found to play a role in transmitting the infection to humans. It should be noted that humans can also act as a reservoir. The sandfly bites an infected individual or animal and ingests the causative parasite. The parasites increase in number inside the insect and are later transmitted through the insect's bite. When humans are infected, a variety of symptoms occur and these symptoms are classified into three major types of leishmaniasis. Types of Infection Cutaneous leishmaniasis (Aleppo boil, Aleppo button, Baghdad boil, Baure ulcer, Delhi boil, Oriental sore, Tropical sore) is found in central Asia, India, the Mediterranean coastal plain and West Africa. The single or multiple lesions commonly occur on the fact, arms and legs. The lesions appear 2 to 8 weeks after the sandfly bites and begin as small areas of skin elevation and inflammation. The elevated skin areas enlarge slowly, and within a few months, can develop into ulcers that remain for up to 2 years, followed by slow healing.

66. CCHS Clinical Digital Library leishmaniasis Patient/Family Resources. Miscellaneous. Miscellaneous leishmaniasisPatient/Family Resources Healthfinder (US DHHS) Homepage http://cchs-dl.slis.ua.edu/patientinfo/infectious/byorganism/parasitic/leishmani

Patient/Family Resources by Topic: Infectious Diseases Leishmaniasis Patient/Family Resources Spanish Miscellaneous See also: General Infectious Diseases Patient/Family Resources Leishmaniasis Clinical Resources Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Homepage National Center for Infectious Diseases: Table of contents Infectious Disease Information: Table of contents General Information List of documents Leishmania Infection Fact Sheet: Access document MEDLINE plus Medical Encyclopedia: Table of contents Leishmaniasis: English Spanish Spanish MEDLINE plus Medical Encyclopedia: Table of contents Leishmaniasis: English Spanish Miscellaneous Leishmaniasis Patient/Family Resources Healthfinder (US DHHS): Homepage Parasitic Diseases: List of documents National Library of Medicine MEDLINE plus Health Topics: Index Parasitic Diseases: List of documents YAHOO - Health:Diseases and Conditions:Infectious Diseases Additional Infectious Diseases resources ( These sites have not been reviewed. YAHOO - Health:Medicine:Infectious Diseases Additional Infectious Diseases resources ( These sites have not been reviewed.

67. CCHS Clinical Digital Library leishmaniasis Clinical Resources. Miscellaneous leishmaniasis Clinical ResourcesHealth Reviews for Primary Care Providers on the Internet Homepage http://cchs-dl.slis.ua.edu/clinical/infectious/byorganism/parasitic/leishmaniasi

Clinical Resources by Topic: Infectious Diseases Leishmaniasis Clinical Resources Emergency Atlases Pediatrics Pathology ... Miscellaneous Resources See also: General Infectious Diseases Resources Leishmaniasis Patient/Family Resources Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine 15th Ed.-2001: Table of contents Health Sciences Library subscription INFO Chapter 210: Approach to the Patient with Parasitic Infections: Table of contents Introduction: Access document History: Access document Immune Status: Access document Eosinophilia: Access document Chapter 211: Laboratory Diagnosis of Parasitic Infections: Table of contents Introduction: Access document Intestinal Parasites: Access document Blood and Tissue Parasites: Access document Nonspecific Tests: Access document Antibody and Antigen Detection: Access document Molecular Techniques: Access document Chapter 212: Therapy for Parasitic Infections: Table of contents Introduction: Access document Chapter 215: Leishmaniasis: Table of contents Overview: Access document Definition: Access document Etiology: Access document Life Cycle: Access document Immunology: Access document General Diagnostic Principles: Access document General Therapeutic Principles: Access document Prevention and Control: Access document Visceral Leishmaniasis: Access document Introduction: Access document Clinical Manifestations: Access document Diagnosis: Access document Treatment: Access document Visceral Leishmaniasis in Persons Infected with HIV: Access document Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: Access document Introduction: Access document Clinical Manifestations:

68. Martin Eichner: Leishmaniasis Related Research Projects leishmaniasis related research projects. picture Hadassah Med. In thesepages, you can also find travel information regarding leishmaniasis. http://www.uni-tuebingen.de/biometry/me/me_e_leish.html

Research Main page Malaria Onchocerciasis Leishmaniasis ... CV material Publications Publications Congress contributions Reports etc. Department of Medical Biometry Address Dr. Martin Eichner Department of Medical Biometry Westbahnhofstr. 55 Germany Phone Fax E-mail martin.eichner@uni-tuebingen.de diese Seite bitte auf deutsch anzeigen Leishmaniasis related research projects picture: Hadassah Med. School Transmission of infectious diseases with several host species Further information and useful links Transmission of infectious diseases with several host species Collaboration with Prof. A. Spielman , Harvard School of Public Health ( HSPH ), Boston, USA: following a two-week journey to the University of Fortaleza and to the field station in Teresina , Brasil, I developed a deterministic model to describe the transmission of parasites whose reservoir not only consists of humans but also of zoonotic hosts. The modelling results showed, that killing the reservoir animals can concentrate vector insects on humans, which may even increase the vector's transmission potential and which may increase the incidence of human disease [ Abstract German pdf file containg information on a leishmaniasis transmission model].

69. Leishmaniasis Traveller's Health Prevention Against Diseases Abroad; Vaccination leishmaniasis description occurrence, manifestations, diagnose and treatment,prevention of the disease. Diseases. leishmaniasis. http://www.traveldoctoronline.net/diseases/leish.htm

Diseases Leishmaniasis Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease spread from rodents by the bite of infected sand flies. Sand flies become infected by biting an infected animal (for example, a rodent or dog) or person. Since sand flies do not make noise when they fly, people may not realise they are present. Sand flies are very small and may be hard to see; they are only about one-third the size of typical mosquitoes. Sand flies usually are most active in twilight, evening, and nighttime hours (from dusk to dawn). Manifestations: There is three different expression of the disease. These are characterised by their geographic occurrence and symptoms: Leishmania cutanea is a benign disease. This which causes skin sores. The sores need up to several years to heal. This disease occurs in: India Western Asia Africa Leishmaniasis braziliensis is more serious. This form spreads to bones. This form occurs in: South America Central America Leishmaniasis viscerale (kala azar) is a serious disease, which untreated, will cause death in about 70% of infected people. The symptoms are

70. Leishmaniasis Rejse Sygdom Vaccination Rejsemedicinsk Rådgivning Traveldoctoron Sygdomme. leishmaniasis. Dette er indsættes hurtigt. Undgå leishmaniasisved Undgå bid af insekter; Anvend insektspray; Anvend insektnet; http://www.traveldoctoronline.net/sygdom/leish.htm

Sygdomme Leishmaniasis Dette er en sygdom som overføres fra gnavere eller hunde til mennesker ved hjælp af sandmyggens bid. Sandmyggen yngler i varm, fugtigt mikroklima. De findes typisk i boer og gange i jorden, hvor gnavere lever, i termit boer og i vegetation ,som er under nedbrydning. Sandmyggen er mest aktiv fra skumringen til morgengry. Man mener at 12 millioner mennesker er inficerede over hele verden selvom infektionen næppe ses i den vestlige verden. Organismen som medfører tilstanden hos mennesker hedder Leishmania. Manifestationer: Den findes i tre forskellige varianter, disse er karakteriserede ved deres geografiske forekomst og også de kliniske manifestationer Leishmania cutanea som er en godartet lidelse. Denne optræder et halvt år efter sandmyggens stik. Der dannes et sår hvor man er stukket. Såret er op til to år om at hele. Denne forekommer i: Indien Mellemøsten Afrika Leishmania braziliensis som er en dybere gående form. Denne form breder sig til brusk og knogler. Denne forekommer i:

71. Enfermedades De Declaración Obligatoria En Andalucía. LEISHMANIASIS Translate this page Casos declarados de leishmaniasis. En todos los Distritos. Semana Nº4 de 2003. Enfermedad, Semana 4, Ultimas 4 semanas, Ultimas 52 semanas. http://www.csalud.junta-andalucia.es/saand/svea/edo/E085__.htm

Indice Andalucia Provincia Distrito ... Criterio de Casos declarados de LEISHMANIASIS En todos los Distritos Semana Nº 12 de 2003 Enfermedad Semana 12 Ultimas 4 semanas Ultimas 52 semanas Media 3 años previos Media 3 años previos Total ALMERIA-CENTRO LEVANTE-ALTO ALMANZORA ALGECIRAS-LA LINEA BAHIA-CADIZ ... SIERRA NORTE

72. Leishmaniasis - Boston College leishmaniasis INITIATIVE FOR VECTOR AND INSECT SCIENCE WHAT IS leishmaniasis?leishmaniasis fatal. HOW DO PEOPLE CONTRACT leishmaniasis? http://www.bc.edu/schools/cas/biology/research/insect/leishmaniasis/

@import "/meta-elements/css/standards.css"; BCInfo A to Z SEARCH DIRECTORIES ... insect initiative leishmaniasis Search Biology BC Sites BIOLOGY HOME ABOUT BIOLOGY FACULTY AND ADMINISTRATION LISTING RESEARCH ... Dengue Fever Leishmaniasis African Sleeping Sickness West Nile Virus GRADUATE STUDIES UNDERGRADUATE STUDIES ... Contact Biology Leishmaniasis INITIATIVE FOR VECTOR AND INSECT SCIENCE WHAT IS LEISHMANIASIS? Leishmaniasis is a group of diseases caused by intracellular protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania. Twenty-one species of the genus infect humans, and all are spread by bites of infected sand flies of the subfamily Phlebotominae. There are two major forms of leishmaniasis: cutaneous leishmaniasis and visceral leishmaniasis. Cutaneous leishmaniasis, which newly afflicts 1.5 million people globally, causes sores on the skin, which can be disfiguring. Cutaneous leishmaniasis can spread to mucus linings of the nose and throat to cause a less common disease known as mucosal leishmaniasis. In contrast, visceral leishmaniasis causes a disruption of the immune system, resulting in fever, enlargement of the liver, enlargement of the spleen, anemia, and loss of weight. There are half a million new cases of visceral leishmaniasis in the world each year. If untreated, visceral leishmaniasis is fatal. HOW DO PEOPLE CONTRACT LEISHMANIASIS?

73. Leishmaniasis The World Health Organization (WHO) describes leishmaniasis as follows.Visit their web site to learn more about this disease. www http://www.biochem.uiowa.edu/donelson/leishmaniasis.htm

The World Health Organization (WHO) describes Leishmaniasis as follows. Visit their web site to learn more about this disease. www.who.int/inf-fs/en/fact116.html Transmitted by the bite of the infected female phlebotomine sandfly, the leishmaniases are a globally widespread group of parasitic diseases. The sandfly vector is usually infected with one species of flagellate protozoa belonging to the genus Leishmania About 30 species of sandflies can become infected when taking a blood meal from a reservoir host. Hosts are infected humans, wild animals, such as rodents, and domestic animals, such as dogs. Most leishmaniases are zoonotic (transmitted to humans from animals), and humans become infected only when accidentally exposed to the natural transmission cycle. However, in the anthroponotic forms (those transmitted from human to human through the sandfly vector), humans are the sole reservoir host. Leishmaniasis presents itself in humans in four different forms with a broad range of clinical manifestations. All forms can have devastating consequences. Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), also known as

74. Leishmaniasis ? Information For Health Professionals And Interested Laypersons leishmaniasis Information for health professionals and interested laypersons. Dendriticcells and immunity to leishmaniasis and toxoplasmosis. http://www.health.xq23.com/current_health_issues/Leishmaniasis.html

Leishmaniasis : Information for health professionals and interested laypersons. Recommended References and Products. [see index for total category] Books: Molecular and Immune Mechanisms in the Pathogenesis of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (Medical Intelligence Unit) by Felix J. Tapia Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: Molecular and Immune Mechanisms of Pathogenesis (Medical Intelligence Unit) by F.J. Tapia Biology of the Kinetoplastida by Lumsden, The Leishmaniases in Biology and Medicine/Clinical Aspects and Control by Academic Press Leishmaniasis: The Current Status and New Strategies for Control (NATO Asi Series) by D.T. Hart Leishmanioses et phlebotomes en Bolivie by ORSTOM : Diffusion INSERM Pathogenesis of Leprosy and Related Diseases by D. S. Ridley Trypanosomiasis and Leishmaniasis: Biology and Control by G. Hide Cutaneous leishmaniasis : molecular and immune mechanisms of pathogenesis by R.G. Landes âEcologie des leishmanioses : [actes du collogue international], Montpellier, 18-24 aoãut 1974 by Centre national de la recherche scientifique Leishmania (World Class Parasites, V. 4)

75. Leishmaniasis This page is specifically for information, documentation and linksabout leishmaniasis. According to the World Health Organization http://www.thesurfacereport.com/leish/leish.htm

Articles Life cycle I ndependent on Sunday GEOFFREY; LEAN ENVIRONMENT CORRESPONDENT; 09-12-1999 Leishmaniasis and The Immune System Leishmania chagasi ... Clinical Cases This page is specifically for information, documentation and links about Leishmaniasis. According to the World Health Organization, various forms of Leishmaniasis exist in over 88 countries, only 32 have mandatory reporting systems, and it is said that over 2.5 million are infected every year with over 350 million exposed and at risk. Listed as an emerging opportunistic infectious disease, it is now a prevalent co-infection with HIV. Leishmaniasis was also listed by the DoD and the WRAMC as endemic to the Persian Gulf Theatre and one of thirteen deadly, infectious diseases known to threaten troops deployed in Operation Desert Shield/Desert Storm in January 1991. Initially transmitted by the bite of the sand fly, as it takes a "blood meal" the parasite is transmitted from the fly's gut to the vertebrate host (dog, goat, camel, human, rodent).

76. IDRC Reports Archive: Combatting Leishmaniasis In India (April 1995) Combatting leishmaniasis in India by John Ramlochand Creating a better understandingof the causes of leishmaniasis and the most effective responses to it. http://www.idrc.ca/books/reports/V231/leish.html

IDRC Resources Books Reports ... Vol.23, No.1 Combatting Leishmaniasis in India by John Ramlochand Creating a better understanding of the causes of leishmaniasis and the most effective responses to it. It is dry and hot on the dusty main street of Hassanpur village in Bihar, Northeastern India. Dr. L.S. Prasad, known throughout the state as "Dr. Lala," is beginning to sweat in the 43°C heat. For an hour he has sat in the centre of the village and examined twelve patients while over a hundred villagers watched. The patients are mostly children. Dr. Lala is checking for a swollen spleen, a darkening of the skin, and fever. These are signs of visceral leishmaniasis: one of the most debilitating illnesses that regularly affects residents in this region. Epidemics in 1992 of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) or "Kala-Azar" (Black Fever), as it is commonly known in Hindi, killed more than 100,000 people in India and Sudan. VL infects the body, breaking down the various organ systems such as the spleen, bone marrow, liver, lymph nodes and skin. It invariably causes death if left untreated. Leishmaniasis is, however, not always fatal. There are two other major forms: cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (MCL). CL produces skin lesions, both chronic and self-healing. MCL tends to invade the mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract, destroying the soft mucocutaneous tissue of the nose and mouth, thus resulting in gross mutilation and disfiguration. All three forms of leishmaniasis cause fever, an enlarged abdomen, general weakness, headaches and dizziness, weight loss, sweating and diarrhoea.

77. OneWorld Health :: V Leishmaniasis leishmaniasis is caused by infection with various species of Leishmaniaparasites. These parasites are transmitted to humans and http://www.oneworldhealth.org/diseases/vleish.html

South America South Asia Sub-Saharan Africa Leishmaniasis is caused by infection with various species of Leishmania parasites. These parasites are transmitted to humans and other mammals by the bite of an infected sandfly. At least 2 million new cases of leishmaniasis occur annually, primarily in India, Bangladesh, Nepal, Sudan and Brazil, although leishmaniasis is found in more than 88 countries around the world. Approximately 12 million people are currently infected; at least 350 million people are at risk of infection; and the rate of new infections, increasing rapidly, is highest among people also infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Manifesting in several forms, infection can have deforming, debilitating, and/or fatal consequences. Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), also known as kala azar , is the most severe form of the infection. VL causes chronic exhaustion, brought on by fever, weight loss, swelling of the spleen and liver, and anemia; untreated, it is uniformly fatal. Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) causes skin ulcers which blanket the exposed parts of the body, often leading to disability, and always leading to permanent scarring.

78. OneWorld Health :: C Leishmaniasis leishmaniasis is caused by infection with species of Leishmania parasites.These parasites are transmitted to humans and other mammals http://www.oneworldhealth.org/diseases/cleish.html

South America Leishmaniasis is caused by infection with species of Leishmania parasites. These parasites are transmitted to humans and other mammals by the bite of an infected sandfly. At least 2 million new cases of leishmaniasis occur annually, primarily in India, Bangladesh, Nepal, Sudan and Brazil, although leishmaniasis is present in more than 88 countries around the world. To date, approximately 12 million people are currently infected; at least 350 million people are at risk of infection; and the rate of new infections, increasing rapidly, is highest among people also infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Infection can have fatal, debilitating and/or deforming consequences and manifests in visceral, mucocutaneous and cutaneous forms. Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) , the most common form of the disease, causes skin ulcers which blanket the exposed parts of the body, often leading to disability, and always leading to permanent scarring. CL exists in two broad classifications, Old World disease (Eastern Hemisphere) and New World disease (Western Hemisphere), depending on the geographic locations of the types of parasite causing the infection. The incidence of CL is estimated to be 1.0 to 1.5 million new cases per year, with 90% of cases occurring in Afghanistan, Brazil, Iran, Peru, Saudi Arabia and Syria. The majority of victims are children. An epidemic of CL is currently ongoing in Kabul, Afghanistan, with over 200,000 people infected. Additionally, military troops and humanitarian aid workers from unaffected countries are at very high risk of acquiring CL as they provide assistance and support to governments and peoples in affected nations.

79. MSF: Leishmaniasis Information leishmaniasis information. Although leishmaniasis occurs in 82 countries aroundthe world, the majority of cases are limited to a few countries. http://www.msf.org/content/page.cfm?articleid=2DA4E938-AAB0-45AE-BFAC38687ADFA6D

80. L educable in the formal sense. leishmaniasis, Infectious illness causedby a parasite transmitted by sandflies. There are two forms http://www.paul_smith.doctors.org.uk/l.htm

Archaic Medical Terms A resource for genealogists and historians L Last updated 10 December, 2002 © Paul Smith 1999 2000 2001 La Grippe Influenza Lachere May mean injury such as bone fracture Lassar's Paste A treatment for psoriasis or other skin problems where removing skin scales would be helpful. The modern accepted name is Zinc and salicylic acid paste Lateral Away from the mid-line i.e. at the side Laudable Pus Term indicating that the discharge of pus from an infected wound or abscess is beneficial or laudable (worthy of praise) and should be encouraged by surgical intervention Modern surgeons still use the sayings "where 'ere pus be, let it run free" and "pus about, let it out" Lax Diarrhoea Lead Poisoning Causes paralysis of muscles in the limbs (often in a patchy pattern). In chronic exposure, there is anaemia and a blue line on the gums. If the amount ingested is great enough there may be colic or headache and acute or chronic encephalopathy, causing mental changes and fits. The picture may resemble porphyria (the portrayal of porphyria in the movie "Madness of King George" is accurate) Leake fever This is a term from a query. I have no idea what it means

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