21. Nystagmus References nystagmus References. 2. Cox TA, Corbett JJ, Thompson HS, Lennarson LUpbeat nystagmus changing to downbeat nystagmus with convergence. http://www.wfubmc.edu/neurology/lectures/nystagmus/nysrefs.html

Nystagmus References Neurology Arch Ophthalmol Doc Ophthalmol Arch Ophthalmol Ophthalmology Arch Ophthalmol J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry Arch Neurol Stroke Ann Neurol IEEE Trans Biomed Eng Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci Arch Ophthalmol Neurology Arch Neurol Neuro-ophthalmology J Clin Neuro-Ophthalmol Arch Neurol J Clin Neuro ophthalmol In Press Can J Otolaryngol J Clin Neuro-Ophthalmol Am J Ophthalmol Arch Neurol J Neurol Ann Neurol Arch Neurol Am J Ophthalmol J Clin Neuro-Ophthalmol Arch Neurol Neurology Neurology Arch Ophthalmol Ann Ophthalmol Arch Neurol Arch Neurol Arch Neurol Am J Ophthalmol JAMA Arch Neurol Brain Brain Brain Brain Arch Ophthalmol JAMA Exp Neurol Arch Ophthalmol J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry Neurology Neurology J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry J Clin Neuro-Ophthalmol Brain Arch Neurol J Neurol Arch Otolaryngol Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol J Clin Neuro-Ophthalmol Epilepsia Exp Brain Res Arch Ophthalmol Arch Neurol J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry Arch Neurol J Clin Neuro-Ophthalmol J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry Neurology Neurology Ann Ophthalmol Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci Neurology Neurology Ann Neurol Neurology Ann Neurol Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol Arch Ophthalmol Ann Neurol Brain Brain Mt Sinai J Med Arch Neurol

22. NYSTAGMUS nystagmus. Under Construction. Timothy C. Hain, MD. The following material attemptsto illustrate and describe nystagmus subtypes. SPONTANEOUS nystagmus. http://www.tchain.com/otoneurology/practice/nystagmus.html

NYSTAGMUS Under Construction Timothy C. Hain, MD Education Index Search this site Nystagmus is defined as involuntary movement of the eyes. Most frequently it is composed of a mixture of slow and fast movements of the eyes. Nystagmus can occur normally, such as when tracking a visual pattern. Nystagmus may also be abnormal, usually in situations where one would want the eyes to be still, but they are in motion. Vertigo (a sensation of spinning), is often accompanied by nystagmus. The following material attempts to illustrate and describe nystagmus subtypes. SPONTANEOUS NYSTAGMUS Vestibular imbalance nystagmus Acquired pendular nystagmus Horizontal Vertical See-saw Congenital Nystagmus Latent nystagmus (LN) Pendular type Jerk type Convergence/Retraction nystagmus Divergence nystagmus Periodic alternating nystagmus (PAN) Central nystagmus (downbeat, upbeat nystagmus, horizontal, torsional) Saccadic Nystagmus EVOKED NYSTAGMUS Gaze evoked nystagmus (GEN) Symmetrical GEN Asymmetrical GEN Rebound nystagmus Head-shaking nystagmus (HSN) Caloric nystagmus Optokinetic Nystagmus (OKN) Positional Nystagmus Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo Central positional nystagmus Positional alcohol nystagmus Miscellaneous rare causes Typical appearance of vestibular type spontaneous nystagmus.

23. Gaze Evoked Nystagmus Asymmetric gazeevoked nystagmus Alexander's law the gaze-evoked nystagmusseen in vestibular disorders. Gaze-evoked nystagmus seen in CN. http://www.tchain.com/otoneurology/practice/gen.htm

GAZE EVOKED NYSTAGMUS Gaze-evoked nystagmus Causes of Gaze-evoked nystagmus Medication Brainstem or cerebellar disorder (look for rebound) Normal variant Ocular muscle fatigue Congenital nystagmus A point of information to be gained from the fixation test is the adequacy of gaze holding , as impaired gaze holding may indicate the presence of a central lesion. Gaze-evoked nystagmus is a drift of the eye which is only present for certain directions of gaze. When using EOG recordings, any persistent nystagmus for ocular displacements of 30 degrees or less is considered abnormal. When using infrared recordings, small amounts of weak (0.5 deg to 3.0 deg/sec) gaze-evoked nystagmus can be recorded in normal subjects (Abel et al, 1978) Causes of gaze-evoked nystagmus are listed in the table above. There are several distinct patterns which can be identified by scrutiny of the eye position trace. The most common variety consists of a drift towards the center of the orbit, interspersed by corrective outgoing saccades attempting to acquire a target which has drifted off the fovea. In this situation, the initial rate at which the eye drifts is directly proportional to how far the eye is from center, because elastic restoring forces are proportional to displacement. Accordingly, as the eye approaches center, the rate of drift decreases, accounting for the characteristic decreasing exponential trajectory of ocular drift. The decreasing exponential pattern may be difficult to appreciate if the patient makes frequent saccades to the target, and one must look for a slow phase in which the patient allowed his eye to drift close to the center. Gaze-evoked nystagmus on lateral gaze and upward gaze is common while gaze-evoked nystagmus on downward gaze is infrequent. Certain patients with congenital nystagmus or with acquired central nystagmus varieties have

24. Nystagmus: Overlooked Causes And Treatments Explores the evidence linking nystagmus to magnesium and/or thiamin deficiencies. Returnto top. nystagmus, Thiamin and Magnesium Deficiencies. http://www.ctds.info/nystagmus.html

Con nective Tissue Disorder Home Search Site Map ... Links Nystagmus The Links to Nutrition Contents: Overview Nystagmus, Thiamin and and Magnesium Deficiencies Conditions Linked to Nystagmus My Son's Experience With Nystagmus ... Summary Read my Overview Nystagmus is characterized by an involuntary movement of the eyes, often noted as a shaky or wiggly movement. Many web sites on nystagmus do not mention the role of nutrition as a possible cause of the disorder. However, there are a significant number of medical papers on nystagmus being caused by nutritional deficiencies and cured by the correction of those same nutritional deficiencies, usually magnesium or thiamin. I put up this web page to try to highlight some of these studies and to make more people aware of the connection between at least some cases of nystagmus and correctable nutritional factors. Specifically, here are several pages of study abstracts in PubMed, the medical database at the

25. Nystagmus nystagmus. There are 47 named types of nystagmus. Also the amplitude of thebeat will often be augmented by covering one eye (latent nystagmus). http://www.theberries.ns.ca/BOTW_archives/nystagmus.html

Nystagmus There are 47 named types of nystagmus . This can be a very challenging and difficult area of eye movement disorder to deal with clinically. However there are essentially only two divisions of nystagmus to worry about : pathological and non-pathological. The control and coordination of ocular movements depends on good connections between the eyes, the visual conducting system, the occipital cortex, the visual memory areas, the frontal lobe, the cerebellum, brainstem and finally the cranial nerves. It represents the biggest single functional unit in the Central Nervous System. Virtually anything which disorganises the inputs in the cerebellar, vestibular of or brain stem regions will result in nystagmus. Fortunately the most common form of nystagmus, congenital nystagmus , is non-pathological It is often familial and there will always be a past history of it. Also the amplitude of the beat will often be augmented by covering one eye (latent nystagmus). Most importantly, this nystagmus will always beat horizontally in up or down gaze. It is benign and often associated with congenital difficulties with sight. There is also no oscillopsia or sensation movement of the environment with it.

26. Therapies For Congenital Nystagmus THERAPIES FOR CONGENITAL nystagmus. Congenital nystagmus. Several hypothetical mechanismshave been proposed as the underlying causes for the CN oscillation. http://mediswww.meds.cwru.edu/dept/neurology/ocular/full011.html

THERAPIES FOR CONGENITAL NYSTAGMUS L.F. Dell'Osso, Ph.D. Ocular Motor Neurophysiology Laboratory Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center Departments of Neurology and Biomedical Engineering Case Western Reserve University University Hospitals of Cleveland Cleveland, Ohio Reprint requests and correspondence to: L.F. Dell'Osso, Ph.D. Ocular Motor Neurophysiology Laboratory Veterans Affairs Medical Center (127A) 10701 East Boulevard Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. E-mail: lfd@po.cwru.edu This work was supported in part by the Office of Research and Development, Medical Research Service, Department of Veterans Affairs. INTRODUCTION In order to properly treat congenital nystagmus (CN) it is first necessary to reliably diagnose it and differentiate it from other types of infantile nystagmus (e.g., latent/manifest latent nystagmus (LMLN) or spasmus nutans). Because of similarities in clinical signs, it is virtually impossible to accurately differentiate some forms of CN from LMLN or spasmus nutans without eye movement recordings. Studies of CN suggest that its primary cause is an instability in the slow eye movement control subsystem (most probably smooth pursuit) that is modulated by fixation attempt as well as other psychological inputs (e.g., anxiety, anger, fear, etc.).

27. Nystagmuscases Common cases in nystagmus. nystagmus may appear daunting in the examination. Returnto the main page. Jerk nystagmus due to cerebellar disease http://www.mrcophth.com/nystagmus/nystagmuscases.html

Common cases in nystagmus Nystagmus may appear daunting in the examination. However, if you follow the steps outlined in the section on Clinical Techniques most cases can be diagnosed easily. Although there are many ways of classifying nystagmus (according to the type or onset etc), the following features can be useful in determining the causes: Is the nystagmus present in primary position or only in eccentric gaze Is the nystagmus pendular (equal velocity in both directions) or jerky (possessing a fast and slow phase)? Is the disorder binocular or monocular/dissociated? Algorithm in the diagnosis of nystagmus In the examination, the examiners will usually ask you to look at the patient's eyes. Always remember to observe the patient's eyes closely in their primary position for at least 20 seconds so as not to miss the signs. Remember to describe the nystagmus as follow: Position: primary or gaze-related Type: pendular, jerk (the direction of the nystagmus refers to the fast phase) Rate: rapid or slow Plane: horizontal, vertical or rotary

28. Opticokinetic Nystagmus Opticokinetic nystagmus. Normal opticokinetic nystagmus. Abnormal pursuit movementshowing small saccadic movement. Normal vertical opticokinetic nystagmus. http://www.mrcophth.com/eyeclipartchua/opticokineticnystagmus.html

Opticokinetic nystagmus Normal opticokinetic nystagmus Abnormal pursuit movement showing small saccadic movement. This is seen in lesion of the parietal lobe Normal vertical opticokinetic nystagmus Return to the index

29. Roche Lexikon Medizin (4. Aufl.) - Nystagmus nystagmus(rechts Auge; nach JUNG). N.), Downbeat-nystagmus. N., blickparetischer. http://www.gesundheit.de/roche/ro25000/r27362.html

Ny stagmus engl.: nystagmus; nystaxis Richtung u. Schlagfeld des Nystagmus (rechts Auge; nach J UNG Pendel- (= oszillator. N.), Dreh-, Spontan-, Lagenystagmus Downbeat-Nystagmus N., blickparetischer engl.: gaze-paretic n. engl.: bulbar n. N., diagonaler engl.: diagonal n. N., dissoziierter engl.: dissociated n. N. mit ungleichen Schwingungsbahnen bd. Augen. N., divergierender engl.: divergence n. Lage-N. mit schnellen Bewegungen zur jeweils aufliegenden Kopfseite. N., kalorischer engl.: caloric n. N., konvergierender engl.: convergence n. s.u. Lagenystagmus ; vgl. N., divergierender N., okularer, N. optischer engl.: ocular n.; optic n. N., optokinetischer engl.: optokinetic n. physiologischer N. bei Fixieren eines Objektes im bewegten Gesichtsfeld, z.B. der Eisenbahn-N. N., (per)rotatorischer engl.: rotatory n. Drehnystagmus N. retractorius engl.: retractory n. engl.: vestibular n. N., zerebellarer engl.: cerebellar n. Kleinhirnnystagmus Verwandte Themen Anfallnystagmus Ataxia, Ataxie Augenzittern Ausfallnystagmus ... Unterberger* Tretversuch

30. Eye Neurologic Exam nystagmus, Normal Findings Lateral gaze nystagmus Associated with stretchreceptor; All patients have a few beats of end point nystagmus. http://www.fpnotebook.com/NEU81.htm

Home About Links Index ... Editor's Choice Paid Advertisement (click above). Please see the privacy statement Neurology Examination Cranial Nerve ... Ophthalmology Eye Neurologic Exam Oculocephalic Reflex Nystagmus Headache Headache Red Flag ... Two Point Discrimination Assorted Pages Neurologic Exam Oculovestibular Testing NIH Stroke Scale Los Angeles Prehospital Stroke Screen ... Reflex Exam Eye Neurologic Exam Book Home Page Cardiovascular Medicine Dental Dermatology Emergency Medicine Endocrinology Gastroenterology General Medicine Geriatric Medicine Gynecology Hematology and Oncology HIV Infectious Disease Jokes Laboratory Neonatology Nephrology Neurology Obstetrics Ophthalmology Orthopedics Otolaryngology Pediatrics Pharmacology Prevention Psychiatry Pulmonology Radiology Rheumatology Sports Medicine Surgery Urology Chapter Neurology Index Autonomic Cerebellum Chorea Cranial Nerve Cognitive CSF Cardiovascular Medicine Demyelinating Disability Examination Ophthalmology Gynecology Headache Infectious Disease Laboratory General Level of Consciousness Motor Obstetrics Pediatrics Pharmacology Procedure Psychiatry Radiology Seizure Sensory Sports Medicine Surgery Tremor Page Examination Index Approach CN CN 1 CN 2 CN 3 CN 4 CN 5 CN 6 CN 7 CN 8 CN 9 CN 10 CN 11 CN 12 Cognitive Cognitive Agnosia Cognitive Aphasia Cognitive Apraxia Cognitive Executive Function Cognitive Memory Cognitive Mental Status Cognitive Mental Status ACE Cognitive Mental Status Mini Cognitive Mental Status Screening Cognitive NPIQ Cognitive Test CAM Cold Calorics CV

31. UNDERGRADUATE TEACHING NOTES: NYSTAGMUS OTOLARYNGOLOGY QUEEN'S UNIVERSITY. nystagmus. nystagmus is a repetitiverhythmic involuntary oscillation of the eyes that is usually conjugate. http://meds.queensu.ca/medicine/otolaryngology/edu/ungrad/nystagmus.htm

OTOLARYNGOLOGY - QUEEN'S UNIVERSITY NYSTAGMUS Clinical lecture by Dr. Stephen Hall "There can be few signs in clinical neurology that cause more confusion than nystagmus yet at the same time gives the clinician as much clinical information". P. Rudge, Clinical Neuro-otology. In preparation for this I reviewed Bates, Prior, Cecil (Essentials), Cecil (text), Harrison's, Davidson's, Brain's, Adam's, and Harrison ( Neurological Skills). It is no wonder students have trouble with the concepts as so little is written and what there is, is without structure. I can only recommend the last 3 and Cecil Textbook. Nystagmus is a repetitive rhythmic involuntary oscillation of the eyes that is usually conjugate. It can be thought of as an abnormality in ocular posturing and is due to a disturbance in the pathways, the organization of or the integration of the pathways of the visual or the labyrinthine systems. Technique: - ask patient to follow your finger but you must be well away to avoid convergence. - only move 30 degrees each side as will loose binocular vision.

32. Nystagmus nystagmus is an eye condition characterized by involuntary rapid, jerkyeye movements, which often seriously reduces vision. nystagmus. http://eyeconditions.homestead.com/Nystagmus.html

This web site was created for FREE at www.homestead.com. Visit www.homestead.com to get your free web site - no programming required. Javascript is either disabled or not supported by this browser. This page may not appear properly. Some Common Types: Acquired and Late Onset Nystagmus Occurs later in life and is usually the consequence of some other disease or accident. Congenital and Early Onset Nystagmus This form has many causes, sometimes genetic and often linked to other eye problems. It occurs in the very young, persisting for the rest of the individual's life. Horizontal Nystagmus The eyes move back and fore. Jerk Nystagmus Type of eye movement where the eyes accelerate as they move. Latent Nystagmus Condition appears when one eye is covered up. Manifest Latent Nystagmus Is visible all the time because one eye is 'covered' by some other form of impairment such as a cataract. Rotatory Nystagmus The eyes move round and round. Pendular Nystagmus Is thought to be a result of a delay in messages to the brainstem. It can be congenital or acquired and is characterized by eye movements that are equally paced in each direction. Oscillations may be vertical, horizontal, diagonal or rotary. There also exists a fast and slow phases to the waveform. Vertical Nystagmus The eyes move up and down.

33. The Royal College Of Ophthalmologists Of London - Publications - Understanding N Understanding nystagmus. What is nystagmus? The condition may also develop laterin life when the term 'acquired nystagmus' is used. What causes nystagmus? http://www.rcophth.ac.uk/publications/nystagmus.html

Eye Focus Annual Report 2001 Understanding Nystagmus What is nystagmus? Nystagmus is an involuntary movement of the eyes - usually from side to side, but sometimes the eyes oscillate up and down or even in a circular motion. Most people with nystagmus have vision which is much worse than average - well below what is considered to be short sighted. Many people can register as partially sighted and a small number can register as blind. Who is affected? Nystagmus which appears in the first six months of life is called 'early onset nystagmus', or 'congenital' or 'infantile nystagmus'. The condition may also develop later in life when the term 'acquired nystagmus' is used. What causes nystagmus? Nystagmus in early childhood may be caused by a defect in the eye or the visual pathway from the eye to the brain. It occurs in a wide range of eye disorders of childhood such as cataract, glaucoma, some disorders of the retina and albinism. It may also be found in children who have multiple disabilities such as Down's Syndrome. Many children with nystagmus have no eye, brain or other health problems. In this case the condition is called 'congenital idiopathic nystagmus', or 'idiopathic infantile nystagmus', meaning that the condition is observed, or starts, early in life and the cause is unknown.

34. Psychologie-Fachgebärdenlexikon: Nystagmus ? nystagmus (nystagm). Gebärde (1 Variante). Definition http://www.sign-lang.uni-hamburg.de/Projekte/PLex/PLex/lemmata/N-Lemma/Nystagmu.

A B C D ... English Nystagmus (nystagm) Definition: Auge N. tritt auch im Zusammenhang mit bestimmten Krankheiten auf, z.B. bei multipler Sklerose, einigen Nervenleiden, Erkrankungen des Innenohrs (s. Ohr ), bei Kleinhirntumoren usw. (s. Cerebellum Oberbegriffe: Biopsychologie (Fachgebiet Biopsychologie < Nucleus Objekt >

35. Nystagmus EM guidemap nystagmus. Click Diagnostic approach to pathologic nystagmus.What are the symptoms and signs of nystagmus? - nystagmus http://www.homestead.com/emguidemaps/files/nystagmus.html

EM guidemap - Nystagmus Click on any of the headings or subheadings to rapidly navigate to the relevant section of the guidemap Introduction Definitions and general principles Diagnostic approach to pathologic nystagmus binocular conjugate nystagmus ... Eye movement disorders that mimic nystagmus Introduction - this guidemap is a companion guidemap to the ataxia, incoordination and dysequilibrium guidemap and the vertigo guidemap , and this guidemap offers a reader much more detailed information on nystagmus - this guidemap serves two purposes:- gives a reader a clearer understanding of what causes nystagmus, and how nystagmus is classified serves as a "mini-reference bible" of many different types of acquired nystagmus, so that readers can use the hyperlink mechanism to selectively read through individual sections, as needed (* note that this guidemap is very selective in its presentation of information on nystagmus, and that it does not deal with latent nystagmus or congenital nystagmus => this guidemap is primarily focused on providing basic problem-solving information on acquired nystagmus in adult patients and older children) Definitions and general principles What is nystagmus?

36. Nystagmus - Multiple Sclerosis Encyclopaedia site nystagmus. nystagmus is rapid, involuntary movements of the eyeswhich is often unnoticeable to people with the complaint. To http://www.mult-sclerosis.org/nystagmus.html

nystagmus Nystagmus is rapid, involuntary movements of the eyes which is often unnoticeable to people with the complaint. To others it resembles the eye movements when someone is looking at the scenery from the window of a moving train. Usually it occurs in the horizontal plane but it can also affect the vertical. Nystagmus can be caused by a variety of underlying conditions, including multiple sclerosis of which it is quite a common symptom. Most presentations of a type of nystagmus called Acquired Pendular Nystagmus are associated with multiple sclerosis. In MS, nystagmus is often associated with internuclear ophthalmoplegia - which is a loss of coordination between the two eyes caused by a lesion in an area of the brain called the medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF) . Nystagmus can also be caused by lesions in the cerebellum , the area of the brainstem where the vestibular cranial nerve arises or further along the vestibular pathways. Apart from immunomodulating drugs and steroids, there are no treatments for nystagmus. If it is a troubling condition it may be a good idea to experiment with different lighting levels. As with most symptoms of MS, fatigue and heat ( Uhthoff's symptom ) usually make the condition worse.

37. MEDLINEplus Medical Encyclopedia: Eye Movements - Uncontrollable Alternative names Return to top Back and forth eye movements; Horizontal nystagmus;Involuntary oscillation of the eye(s); nystagmus; Rapid eye movements from http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003037.htm

Skip navigation Medical Encyclopedia Other encyclopedia topics: A-Ag Ah-Ap Aq-Az B-Bk ... Z Eye movements - uncontrollable Contents of this page: Illustrations Alternative names Definition Considerations ... Call your health care provider if Illustrations External and internal eye anatomy Alternative names Return to top Back and forth eye movements; Horizontal nystagmus; Involuntary oscillation of the eye(s); Nystagmus; Rapid eye movements from side to side; Rotary nystagmus; Side to side movements of the eyes; Uncontrolled eye movements; Vertical nystagmus Definition Return to top Uncontrollable eye movements are involuntary, rapid, and repetitive movement of the eyes. Considerations Return to top Nystagmus refers to rapid involuntary movements of the eyes that may be from side to side (horizontal nystagmus), up and down (vertical nystagmus) or rotary. Depending on the cause, these movements may be in both eyes together or in just one eye. The term "dancing eyes" has been used in regional dialect to describe nystagmus. The abnormal eye movements of nystagmus are caused by abnormalities of function in the areas of the brain that controls eye movements, but the exact nature of these disorders is often poorly understood. Nystagmus may be either congenital (present at birth) or may be caused by disease or injury later in life.

38. Nystagmus nystagmus. nystagmus (nyeSTAG-muss) refers to rapid rhythmic back-and-forth involuntaryeye movements, usually side to side, rarely in the vertical plane. http://www.drhull.com/EncyMaster/N/nystagmus.html

Help for sleepless parents Encyclopedia Index N nystagmus Search nystagmus Nystagmus (nye-STAG-muss) refers to rapid rhythmic back-and-forth involuntary eye movements, usually side to side, rarely in the vertical plane. A very mild degree of nystagmus called micronystagmus is present normally in everyone. The eyes normally flutter back and forth very rapidly; the amplitude of the swings is very small, and cannot ordinarily be seen. This occurs so that the visual receptors in the retina can complete their refresh cycle after discharge. If this micronystagmus ever stops for an instant, you will see a strange tree-like pattern before your eyes which represents the blood vessels on the surface of the retina. Visible, abnormal nystagmus may be caused by abnormality of any one of the three basic mechanisms that regulate position and movement of the eyes: fixation (focusing on and tracking objects), conjugate gaze (keeping the eyes parallel so that the images coincide), or vestibular mechanisms (the balance organs). This last is easily demonstrated: spin around and around until you feel dizzy, then observe the temporary nystagmus of your own eyes caused by the vestibular stimulation of spinning. Nystagmus can sometimes be more pronounced and thus visible, or even disconcerting. Nystagmus can occur benignly with no evidence of any significant medical condition. The blind have a particular type of nystagmus, described as "roving." It is disconcerting for some to see, and is one of the reasons the blind may wear dark glasses. A newborn baby with visible roving about of the eyes or jerking nystagmus should definitely get immediate ophthalmologic attention, because this could indicate blindness or congenital cataract. Other causes of nystagmus include drug toxicity, notably some anti-seizure medications such as Dilantin® (phenytoin). It may also herald serious neurological disease, to include brain tumor.

39. Nystagmus nystagmus. Beeld nystagmus is een ritmisch herhaald onwillekeurig bewegenvan de ogen. Dit gebeurt onafhankelijk van de willekeurige http://www.optiek-depauw.be/Oogziekten/nystagmus.htm

NYSTAGMUS Beeld: Nystagmus is een ritmisch herhaald onwillekeurig bewegen van de ogen. Dit gebeurt onafhankelijk van de willekeurige oogbewegingen en kan niet bewust worden onderdrukt, de bewegingen zijn niet aan de wil onderworpen. Dit is gewoonlijk met het blote oog waar te nemen door een ander. Nystagmus kan vóórkomen als gevolg van en naast een andere oogaandoening, of als op zichzelf staande oogaandoening. Er zijn verschillende vormen van nystagmus: de "schommelnystagmus" (pendelnystagmus), waarbij de afzonderlijke fasen van de beweging even snel plaatsvinden. de "ruknystagmus", waarbij de beweging uiteenvalt in een langzame fase, gevolgd door een snelle beweging in tegengestelde richting. mengvormen van a. en b., waarbij bijvoorbeeld in één blikrichting een schommelnystagmus bestaat en in een ander blikrichting een ruknystagmus. Een andere indeling kan gemaakt worden aan de hand van de aard van de oorzaak: bij oogaandoeningen (oculaire nystagmus); bij aandoeningen van het centraal zenuwstelsel (centrale nystagmus);

40. Health Ency.: Symptoms: Eye Movements - Uncontrollable Back and forth eye movements; Horizontal nystagmus; Involuntary oscillation of theeye(s); nystagmus; Rapid eye movements from side to side; Rotary nystagmus http://www.accessatlanta.com/shared/health/adam/ency/article/003037.html

SEARCH: The Web Yellow Pages HOME AJC.COM Illustrated Health Encyclopedia Important notice Ency. home Symptoms E Eye movements - uncontrollable Overview Recovery Alternative names: Back and forth eye movements; Horizontal nystagmus; Involuntary oscillation of the eye(s); Nystagmus; Rapid eye movements from side to side; Rotary nystagmus; Side to side movements of the eyes; Uncontrolled eye movements; Vertical nystagmus Definition: Uncontrollable eye movements are involuntary, rapid, and repetitive movement of the eyes. Considerations Common Causes Ency. home Symptoms E Please read this Important notice Also Check Out Subscribe to The Atlanta Journal-Constitution Home Autos Classifieds ... Our Sponsors By using AccessAtlanta.com you accept the terms of our Visitor Agreement . Please read it. Privacy statement Registered site users: edit your profile

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