1. DBMD - Salmonellosis - General Information salmonellosis. What is salmonellosis? salmonellosis is an infection with a bacteriacalled Salmonella. There is no vaccine to prevent salmonellosis. http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dbmd/diseaseinfo/salmonellosis_g.htm

Salmonellosis Frequently Asked Questions What is salmonellosis? What sort of germ is Salmonella? How can Salmonella infections be diagnosed? How can Salmonella infections be treated? ... What can I do to prevent salmonellosis? What is salmonellosis? Salmonellosis is an infection with a bacteria called Salmonella. Most persons infected with Salmonella develop diarrhea, fever, and abdominal cramps 12 to 72 hours after infection. The illness usually lasts 4 to 7 days, and most persons recover without treatment. However, in some persons the diarrhea may be so severe that the patient needs to be hospitalized. In these patients, the Salmonella infection may spread from the intestines to the blood stream, and then to other body sites and can cause death unless the person is treated promptly with antibiotics. The elderly, infants, and those with impaired immune systems are more likely to have a severe illness. What sort of germ is Salmonella?

2. Reptile-Associated Salmonellosis Information Page Contains case histories of Salmonellainfected persons who had direct contact with reptiles such as snakes and turtles. Reptile-Associated salmonellosis Information Page. The following case histories are adapted from the Morbidity and http://www.xmission.com/~gastown/herpmed/salm.htm

Reptile-Associated Salmonellosis Information Page The following case histories are adapted from the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report published by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in Atlanta, Georgia.They are followed by other articles and a discussion of this problem. During 1994-95 health departments in 13 U.S. states have reported cases of persons infected with unusual serotypes of Salmonella in which patients had direct or indirect contact with reptiles such as lizards, snakes or turtles. In many of these cases the same serotype of Salmonella was isolated from patients and from reptiles with which they had direct or indirect contact. In- direct contact is contact with a person who had contact with reptiles. In some cases infection resulted in invasive illness such as sepsis and meningitis. This web page summarizes six case examples and presents guidelines people who work with reptiles can take in order to prevent infecting themselves or others with Salmonella. Connecicut . During January, 1995 a 40 year old man was hospitalized for acute illness characterized by constipation, lower back pain, chills and fever. He reported having taken ranitidine and an antacid for symptoms of heartburn before onset of mild diarrhea 3-days prior to hospitalization. Blood culture yielded

3. CDC Media Relations: Questions And Answers About Salmonellosis Information and data on the subject.Category Home Cooking Safety...... Questions and Answers about salmonellosis. 1. What is salmonellosis?salmonellosis is an infection with a bacteria called Salmonella. http://www.cdc.gov/od/oc/media/fact/salmonel.htm

1600 Clifton Road, MS D-25, Atlanta, GA 30333 - Phone: 404.639.3286 FAX: 404.639.7394 Media Home Contact Us Local Contents "Centers" at CDC Summaries Archive Global Health Odyssey Media Relations Home Page ... Email Us November 7, 1997 Contact: Division of Media Relations Questions and Answers about Salmonellosis 1. What is salmonellosis? Salmonellosis is an infection with a bacteria called Salmonella . Most persons infected with Salmonella develop diarrhea, fever, and abdominal cramps 12 to 72 hours after infection. The illness usually lasts 4 to 7 days, and most persons recover without treatment. However, in some persons the diarrhea may be so severe that the patient needs to be hospitalization. In these patients, the Salmonella infection may spread from the intestines to the blood stream, and then to other body sites and can cause death unless the person is treated promptly with antibiotics. The elderly, infants, and those with impaired immune systems are more likely to have a severe illness. 2. What sort of germ is

4. Reptile-Associated Salmonellosis -- Selected States, 1996-1998 selected states, 19961998. http://www.cdc.gov/epo/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4844a1.htm

November 12, 1999 / 48(44);1009-1013 Reptile-Associated Salmonellosis Selected States, 1996-1998 Please note: An erratum has been published for this article. To view the erratum, please click here During 1996-1998, CDC received reports from approximately 16 state health departments of Salmonella infections in persons who had direct or indirect contact with reptiles (i.e., lizards, snakes, or turtles). Salmonella infection can result in invasive illness including sepsis and meningitis, particularly in infants. Despite educational efforts, some reptile owners remain unaware that reptiles place them and their children at risk for salmonellosis. This report summarizes clinical and epidemiologic information in four cases and provides information about state regulations to prevent transmission of Salmonella spp. from reptiles to humans. Case Reports Arizona. During October 1996, a 3-week-old boy was admitted to a hospital emergency department with fever (103.6 F [40 C]), vomiting, and bloody diarrhea of 15 days' duration. Stool and blood cultures yielded Salmonella serotype IV 44: , an extremely rare serotype. The infant was hospitalized for 10 days and treated with intravenous fluids and amoxicillin. To determine the cause of the infant's illness, a stool specimen was obtained from the family's pet iguana, which also yielded

5. Www.abhyankarsir.com salmonellosis and its laboratory diagnosis Complete description of salmonella infections, isolation of salmonella typhi in laboratory, laboratory diagnosis of typhoid fever. Dr. Avinash Abhyankar. http://www.abhyankarsir.com

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6. Salmonellosis Fact Sheet salmonellosis is an infection of the intestines caused by a bacteria called Salmonella. Communicable Disease Fact Sheet. salmonellosis. What Is It? http://www.metrokc.gov/health/prevcont/salmon.htm

Communicable Disease Fact Sheet Salmonellosis What is salmonellosis? Symptoms How is it spread? Diagnosis and treatment ... Salmonellosis and safe handling and preparation of eggs (external fact sheet) What is salmonellosis? Salmonellosis is an infection of the intestines caused by a bacteria called Salmonella . Symptoms usually develop 12-72 hours after the bacteria are swallowed. Symptoms Symptoms usually develop 6 - 72 hours after bacteria are swallowed. Symptoms may disappear untreated in 2 to 5 days. Symptoms include: Diarrhea Stomach cramps Headache Fever Vomiting (sometimes) Dehydration, especially among infants and the elderly. How is it spread? Salmonella bacteria leaves the body in the stool. If infected people fail to wash their hands well after going to the bathroom, they can pass the bacteria to others from their hands. Salmonella can also be spread by contaminated food, water, or milk. Salmonella also spreads through contact with infected animals, especially poultry, swine, cattle, rodents, and pets such as reptiles, chicks, ducklings, terrapins, dogs and cats. Outbreaks of salmonella are usually traced to foods such as commercially processed meat products, inadequately cooked poultry and poultry products, uncooked or lightly cooked foods containing eggs and egg products, unpasteurized milk and dairy products, and foods contaminated with feces of an infected foodhandler.

7. This Page Has Moved General information on the diagnosis, treatment, consequences, and prevention of infection with the Salmonella bacteria. http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/diseases/foodborn/salmon.htm

This page has moved, please update your bookmarks or links to the new address: http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dbmd/diseaseinfo/salmonellosis_g.htm You will be forwarded automatically in a few seconds. Division of Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases National Center for Infectious Diseases Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

8. Foodborne Diseases Fact Sheet on foodborne diseases Escherichia coli (E. coli), salmonellosis, Campylobacter, and Shigella infections. http://www3.bc.sympatico.ca/me/patientsguide/foodbrn.htm

Foodborne illness is a common, distressing, and sometimes life-threatening problem for millions of people in the United States and around the world. Persons infected with foodborne organisms can remain symptom-free or can develop symptoms ranging from mild intestinal discomfort to severe dehydrating or bloody diarrhea and death. Foodborne illness is also extremely costly; the estimated yearly cost of all foodborne diseases in this country is $5 to $6 billion in direct medical expenditures and lost productivity. Salmonella and Campylobacter infections alone account for $1 billion in direct and indirect medical costs. The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), a component of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), collaborates with other research institutions to conduct and support basic, clinical, and applied research aimed at understanding, detecting, treating, and preventing foodborne diseases. Those described below are among the more common and serious. Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli Infection Escherichia coli , commonly called E. coli

9. OI: Salmonella -- ÆGIS A guide to salmonellosis, or infection with salmonella bacteria, a form of food poisoning, from AEGIS. http://www.aegis.com/topics/oi/oi-salmonella.html

Salmonella "food poisoning" This is part of a series on Opportunistic Infections ("OIs"). Please note that This Page Is Just A Starting Point: who specializes in treating HIV. Finding The Latest Information: Advances in treating opportunistic infections can happen at any time, so the material on this page may be outdated. Some links in the see also section at the bottom of this page are actually special database links. They may contain information published after this page was written. Classification bacterial Description Salmonella is bacterial infection caused from eating contaminated food or drinking contaminated water. Salmonellae non-spore-forming, gram-negative rods of the family Eterobacteriaceae. S. typhosa cause typhoid fever, and other S. cause diarrhea. Symptoms: Symptoms can include severe diarrhea, fever, chills, abdominal discomfort, and occasionally vomiting. The symptoms generally appear one to three days after exposure. Serious bloodstream infections can occur, particularly in the very young or elderly. ( BW Contagious Period: The infectious period can vary from several days to many months. Those who have been treated with oral antibiotics tend to carry the germ longer than others. Infected food handlers, health care workers, and individuals associated with daycare must obtain the approval of their local health department before returning to work or daycare. (

10. Salmonellosis Fact Sheet Information on the symptoms, treatment and prevention of salmonellosis What is salmonellosis? salmonellosis is a common bacterial infection caused by any of more than 2 000 strains of http://www.doh.wa.gov/Topics/Salmonel.htm

You are here: DOH Home Topics A-Z » Salmonellosis Search Employees Salmonellosis What is salmonellosis? Salmonellosis is a common bacterial infection caused by any of more than 2,000 strains of Salmonella . These bacteria infect the intestinal tract and occasionally the blood. Annually, there are 600 to 800 cases reported in Washington. How does a person get salmonellosis? People are most often infected by eating or drinking contaminated food or water or by contact with infected people or animals. Salmonellosis is typically a food-borne illness acquired from contaminated raw poultry, eggs, and unpasteurized milk and cheese products. Less commonly, outbreaks have been associated with contamination of produce, cereal, candy, spices, and beverages. Other sources of exposure include contact with infected animals, especially turtles, iguanas, other reptiles, chicks, cattle and poultry. Who gets salmonellosis? Anyone who is exposed to Salmonella bacteria can get salmonellosis, but it is most commonly recognized in children, the elderly and people with weakened immune systems. What are the symptoms?

11. Reducing The Risk: Salmonellosis salmonellosis. salmonellosis is a zoonotic disease which means that it can be transmittedbetween animals and humans. salmonellosis in Animals. Salmonella spp. http://web.vet.cornell.edu/crar/OHP/SALMON.html

Reducing the Risk... Nonhuman Primates A Series on Safe Work Practices Wild Caught Birds Reptiles Salmonellosis Salmonellosis is a zoonotic disease which means that it can be transmitted between animals and humans. The disease is caused by a group of bacteria called Salmonella of which their are many species that can affect humans. The disease produced usually varies with the serotype of Salmonella involved. The agent is very common in the environment. It is found in water or feed contaminated by infected animals. Salmonella are readily destroyed by most disinfectants. Salmonellosis in Animals Salmonella spp. can infect both warm-blooded and cold-blooded animals. The most common disease caused by Salmonella spp. in animals is diarrhea. Some serotypes produce septicemia (blood poisoning) or abortions in animals. Some animals may be infected and shed the agent in their feces or milk but show no signs of disease. Other animals may get sick then recover but continue to shed the agent even though signs of disease have resolved. The agent may be very difficult to identify due to intermittent shedding. Stress associated with shipment or illness and environmental or nutritional stress may result in shedding the agent or full blown disease. Salmonella may be present in unpasteurized milk, feces, blood or body tissues. Cleaning and sanitation of animal facilities and equipment decreases the number of bacteria in the animal's environment. Isolation of new animals provides an opportunity to evaluate the animal for presence of this agent and allows an adjustment period for the stress of a new feed, new housing and new neighbors.

12. FDA/CFSAN Bad Bug Book - Salmonella Spp. Get details on this deadly and common bacteria from the Food and Drug Administration and the Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition. and produce typhoid or typhoidlike fever in humans. Other forms of salmonellosis generally produce milder symptoms. http://vm.cfsan.fda.gov/~mow/chap1.html

C enter for F ood S A pplied N utrition Foodborne Pathogenic Microorganisms and Natural Toxins Handbook Salmonella spp. 1. Name of the Organism: Salmonella spp. Salmonella is a rod-shaped, motile bacterium nonmotile exceptions S. gallinarum and S. pullorum , nonsporeforming and Gram-negative . There is a widespread occurrence in animals, especially in poultry and swine. Environmental sources of the organism include water, soil, insects, factory surfaces, kitchen surfaces, animal feces, raw meats, raw poultry, and raw seafoods, to name only a few. 2. Nature of Acute Disease: S. typhi and the paratyphoid bacteria are normally caused septicemic and produce typhoid or typhoid-like fever in humans. Other forms of salmonellosis generally produce milder symptoms. 3. Nature of Disease: Acute symptoms Nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, minal diarrhea, fever, and headache. Chronic consequences arthritic symptoms may follow 3-4 weeks after onset of acute symptoms. Onset time 6-48 hours. Infective dose As few as 15-20 cells; depends upon age and health of host, and strain differences among the members of the genus. Duration of symptoms Acute symptoms may last for 1 to 2 days or may be prolonged, again depending on host factors, ingested dose, and strain characteristics.

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14. Salmonellosis salmonellosis. Other language versions. What Is salmonellosis? salmonellosisis washer. How Can I Avoid Getting salmonellosis? By http://www.dhs.vic.gov.au/phb/hprot/idci/sal.html

Department of Human Services Government of Victoria Australia home news ... about Salmonellosis Other language versions What Is Salmonellosis? Salmonellosis is a type of gastro (gastroenteritis) caused by the germ (bacterium) Salmonella. There are many different types of Salmonella that can cause illness. Salmonellosis can affect anyone, however, it is more common in children under five years of age and young adults. The symptoms are often more severe in the elderly and people with other medical conditions. What Are the Symptoms of Salmonellosis? The most common symptoms of salmonellosis are diarrhoea (which may contain blood or mucus), fever, stomach cramps, nausea, vomiting and headache. Dehydration may occur, especially in infants and the elderly. After the bacteria are taken in by mouth, it usually takes between 12 to 36 hours before you become ill. To trace the cause of the illness, it is necessary to know where you were and what you ate and drank in the two days before you became ill. Illness usually lasts for a few days but Salmonella bacteria may be present in the faeces for several weeks or longer.

15. Guidelines For The Control Of Infectious Diseases - Salmonellosis salmonellosis. Victorian Statutory Requirements. salmonellosis may be complicatedby septicaemia or focal infection. Public Health Significance and Occurrence. http://www.dhs.vic.gov.au/phb/hprot/inf_dis/bluebook/salmonel.htm

Public Health Division Department of Human Services Government of Victoria Australia home news ... about THE BLUE BOOK : Guidelines for the control of infectious diseases Contents Salmonellosis Victorian Statutory Requirements Group B notification. Infectious Agent There are numerous serovars of Salmonella Salmonella Typhimurium and Salmonella Enteritidis are the two most commonly reported worldwide. In 1993 in Victoria, the most common infections were with Salmonella Typhimurium, Salmonella Infantis and Salmonella Bovismorbificans. Clinical Features It is a bacterial disease that commonly presents as an acute gastroenterocolitis with fever, vomiting, nausea, abdominal pain and diarrhoea. Dehydration may occur, especially among infants and the elderly. Salmonellosis may be complicated by septicaemia or focal infection. Public Health Significance and Occurrence Occurrence is worldwide. The prevalence of infection is highest in infants and young children. Outbreaks occur in hospitals, institutions for children and nursing homes. There is high morbidity, but death is uncommon except in infants and the elderly.

16. Salmonellosis salmonellosis . Salmonella is a bacterium of which there are a numberof species. Any species of bird can be affected by salmonellosis. http://www.tuxford.dabsol.co.uk/masterbreeder/chap9/chap9salmon15.htm

"Salmonellosis" Salmonella is a bacterium of which there are a number of species. They are transmitted by faecal contamination, infected birds, rodents and human carriers or by direct contact with infected birds. Laying hens can pass Salmonella to the egg as a result of infected ovaries and embryos may become infected by faecal contamination of the egg during incubation. Salmonella are extremely resistant and live for extended periods of time outside the host. Wood surfaces and dirt floors suit them fine. Any species of bird can be affected by Salmonellosis. It is highly infectious as well as highly virulent. Mortality may reach 90 to 100%. Incubation Deaths usually begin within a few days but can occur up to two weeks after contamination. Clinical Signs Sudden death. Rapid spread throughout the aviary. Depression. Anorexia. Shivering. Rapid weight loss. Watery yellow-green droppings. Bloody faeces. Carriers may be a symptomatic and difficult to detect without a faeces culture. Even then, multiple samples may be needed because false negatives do occur. As Salmonella may be found in any body organ, these birds can pass the infection through the egg, through faeces in the nest box, or by feeding, causing high numbers of dead in shell or weak failing chicks. Treatment And Control Antibiotics are effective in slowing the spread of Salmonella in the flock and they may help in decreasing mortality but once a bird has it, it is highly unlikely that it will ever be cured.

17. Salmonellosis Fact Sheet salmonellosis. What is salmonellosis? salmonellosis is a common bacterialinfection caused by any of more than 2,000 strains of Salmonella. http://www.doh.wa.gov/topics/salmonel.htm

You are here: DOH Home Topics A-Z » Salmonellosis Search Employees Salmonellosis What is salmonellosis? Salmonellosis is a common bacterial infection caused by any of more than 2,000 strains of Salmonella . These bacteria infect the intestinal tract and occasionally the blood. Annually, there are 600 to 800 cases reported in Washington. How does a person get salmonellosis? People are most often infected by eating or drinking contaminated food or water or by contact with infected people or animals. Salmonellosis is typically a food-borne illness acquired from contaminated raw poultry, eggs, and unpasteurized milk and cheese products. Less commonly, outbreaks have been associated with contamination of produce, cereal, candy, spices, and beverages. Other sources of exposure include contact with infected animals, especially turtles, iguanas, other reptiles, chicks, cattle and poultry. Who gets salmonellosis? Anyone who is exposed to Salmonella bacteria can get salmonellosis, but it is most commonly recognized in children, the elderly and people with weakened immune systems. What are the symptoms?

18. Notifiable Condition: Salmonellosis Site Directory Notifiable Conditions salmonellosis. Click here to download a copy.Access Washington Logo linking to Access Washington Home Page. salmonellosis http://www.doh.wa.gov/notify/nc/salmonellosis.htm

You are here: DOH Home Notifiable Conditions » Salmonellosis Index Search Employees Site Directory: Notifiable Conditions: Salmonellosis Other links concerning Notifiable Conditions Local Health Jurisdictions How to Report a Notifiable Condition Glossary Legal Requirements ... EpiTrends Posters PDF documents require the free Acrobat Reader. Click here to download a copy Salmonellosis Salmonellosis in Washington State DOH receives approximately 650 to 800 reports of salmonellosis per year, for an average rate of 12.5/100,000 persons, and an average of 1 associated death reported each year. Frequently named sources in Washington include poultry products, pets (reptiles, exotic animals, cattle), raw milk and milk products, fruits and vegetables. Purpose of Reporting and Surveillance To identify sources transmission (e.g., a commercial product or foodhandler) and to prevent further transmission.

19. Salmonellosis salmonellosis. What is salmonellosis? Where Agdex 66341 - Also availablein PDF format - 69 KB. What is salmonellosis? salmonellosis http://www.agric.gov.ab.ca/agdex/600/6300041.html

Salmonellosis What is salmonellosis? Where do animals pick up Salmonella organisms? What to do if salmonellosis is suspected How humans contract salmonellosis ... Prevention of salmonellosis Agdex 663-41 - Also available in PDF format - 69 KB What is salmonellosis? Salmonellosis is a disease caused when animals and people become ill from infection by Salmonella bacteria. All domestic and wild animals are at risk of contracting salmonellosis. The disease also spreads easily from animals to humans. There are many different types of bacteria in the Salmonella family. Some only infect a single species of animal or bird. Most species of Salmonella, however, can infect a wide variety of animals and birds. Salmonella bacteria readily infect both young and old animals. Salmonellosis is more common in intensively managed operations where many animals are crowded into a relatively small area. Salmonellosis usually affects the intestinal tract and causes severe diarrhoea, often ending in the death of animals. Some types of Salmonella bacteria will cause infection of other organs. For example, salmonellosis, caused by Salmonella dublin in calves, is often confused with pneumonia. Some species of Salmonella may cause abortion. A notable feature of Salmonella bacteria is that they will often invade a bird or animal, which then becomes a carrier of the disease. Carrier animals appear normal or to have recovered from disease but shed the bacteria into their surroundings through manure, saliva and discharges. Carrier animals cannot be cured by treatment with antibiotics or other drugs.

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