1. Dual Diagnosis And The Schizoid Personality Disorder Symptoms and treatment of schizoid personality disorder combined with substance abuse. http://www.toad.net/~arcturus/dd/schizoid.htm

The Dual Diagnosis Pages: "From Our Desk" Revised 25 March, 2000 Dual Diagnosis and the Schizoid Personality Disorder Table of Contents The Schizoid Personality Disorder Treating the The Schizoid Personality Disorder Dual Diagnosis Treatment: Treating the Addicted Schizoid Personality Disorder For references, see the Bibliography page Cluster A: The Schizoid Personality Disorder (SPD) Essential Feature According to the DSM-IV™ (1994, p. 638), the essential feature of the schizoid personality disorder "e;is a pervasive pattern of detachment from social relationships and a restricted range of expression of emotions in interpersonal settings."e; These individuals appear to lack a desire for intimacy. They spend time alone and select activities that do not include interaction with others. The ICD-10 (1994, p. 225) describes the schizoid personality disorder as "e;characterized by withdrawal from affectional, social and other contacts, with a preference for fantasy, solitary activities and introspection. There is a limited capacity to express feelings and to experience pleasures."e; Millon & Davis (1996, p. 217) describe the SPD as the "e;asocial"e; pattern characterized by a deficiency in the ability to experience pleasure. Kalus (1995, p. 58) believes that the schizoid personality disorder is distinguished by the predominance of negative symptoms associated with the schizophrenia spectrum disorders, i.e., social, interpersonal, and affective deficits without psychotic-like cognitive/perceptual distortions.

2. Schizoid Personality Disorder Site provides American and European descriptions of the disorder along with brief outline of treatment Category Health Mental Health Schizophrenia Schizoid Personality...... http://www.mentalhealth.com/dis/p20-pe02.html

Schizoid Personality Disorder Description American Description European Description Diagnosis Online Diagnosis Treatment Treatment (Introduction) Research All Recent Research Internet Links to Personality Disorders Sites Internet Mental Health www.mentalhealth.com

3. Schizoid Personality Disorder criteria are met prior to the onset of Schizophrenia, add "Premorbid " e.g., "schizoid personality disorder (Premorbid)." http://www.mentalhealth.com/dis1/p21-pe02.html

Schizoid Personality Disorder American Description Diagnostic Criteria A pervasive pattern of detachment from social relationships and a restricted range of expression of emotions in interpersonal settings, beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts, as indicated by four (or more) of the following: neither desires nor enjoys close relationships, including being part of a family almost always chooses solitary activities has little, if any, interest in having sexual experiences with another person takes pleasure in few, if any, activities lacks close friends or confidants other than first-degree relatives appears indifferent to the praise or criticism of others shows emotional coldness, detachment, or flattened affectivity Does not occur exclusively during the course of Schizophrenia, a Mood Disorder With Psychotic Features, another Psychotic Disorder, or a Pervasive Developmental Disorder and is not due to the direct physiological effects of a general medical condition. Note: If criteria are met prior to the onset of Schizophrenia, add "Premorbid," e.g., "Schizoid Personality Disorder (Premorbid)."

4. Cluster A: Schizoid Personality Disorder 29 March, 2000 Cluster A schizoid personality disorder (SPD). Mental HealthIssues, Treatment Issues, SPD Addiction Dual Diagnosis Treatment Issues. http://www.toad.net/~arcturus/dd/spdtable.htm

The Dual Diagnosis Pages 29 March, 2000 Cluster A: SCHIZOID PERSONALITY DISORDER (SPD) Mental Health Issues Treatment Issues Dual Diagnosis Treatment Issues Essential Feature: A pattern of detachment from social relationships and a restricted range of emotional expression (DSM-IV™, 1994). Self Image: SPDs view themselves as loners who prize independence, solitude, and mobility (Beck). In treatment, SPDs describe feeling that life is passing them by; they feel like they are observing life at a distance (Siever). View of Others: SPDs fear engulfment and preserve a sense of safety by maintaining distance from others. Abandonment is a lesser evil than engulfment (McWilliams). SPDs view others as intrusive (Beck). Relationships: The hallmark of SPD is social isolation (Siever). SPDs are not responsive to the feelings of others; their social detachment is preferred and comfortable (Millon). Authority Issues: SPDs will avoid contact with authority; they are indifferent to either praise or criticism (DSM IV™, 1994). Behavior: SPDs appear colorless, shy, and indifferent to others (Millon); they seem quiet, serious, and eccentric (Siever). Others view SPDs as dull, uninteresting, and humorless; they are often ignored (Beck).

5. Psych Central: Schizoid Personality Disorder Symptoms General symptoms of schizoid personality disorder. http://psychcentral.com/disorders/sx30.htm

Ad: Need help now? Try HelpHorizons home resource library disorders ... support forums Schizoid Personality Disorder SYMPTOMS A pervasive pattern of detachment from social relationships and a restricted range of expression of emotions in interpersonal settings, beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts, as indicated by four (or more) of the following: neither desires nor enjoys close relationships, including being part of a family almost always chooses solitary activities has little, if any, interest in having sexual experiences with another person takes pleasure in few, if any, activities lacks close friends or confidants other than first-degree relatives appears indifferent to the praise or criticism of others shows emotional coldness, detachment, or flattened affectivity Treatment Criteria summarized from: American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fourth edition . Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association. Disorders Index Back Home We subscribe to the HONcode principles.

6. Schizoid Personality Disorder schizoid personality disorder A pervasive pattern relationships. Themajor characteristics of schizoid personality disorder are 1) No http://www.pipeline.com/~dada3zen/schizoid_per_dis.htm

Schizoid Personality Disorder : A pervasive pattern of detachment from social relationships and a restricted range of expression of emotions in interpersonal settings, beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts, as indicated by four (or more) of the following: (1) neither desires nor enjoys close relationships, including being part of a family (2) almost always chooses solitary activities (3) has little, if any, interest in having sexual experiences with another person (4) takes pleasure in few, if any, activities (5) lacks close friends or confidants other than first-degree relatives (6) appears indifferent to the praise or criticism of others (7) shows emotional coldness, detachment, or flattened affectivity Description : Unlike people with schizotypal personality disorder who may have one or two semi-close relationships, people with schizoid personality disorder are extreme loners and rarely have any close relationships. The major characteristics of schizoid personality disorder are: 1) No desire for social relationships: People with schizoid personality disorder have no desire to form close relationships. They may form stable relationships with family members or other people but they lack the ability to form close relationships.

7. Schizoid Personality Disorder schizoid personality disorder http://www.psychologynet.org/schizoid.html

8. Comparison Of Schizoid Personality Style And Disorder Compares the schizoid personality style with the schizoid personality disorder. http://www.psychpage.com/learning/library/person/schizoid.html

9. PTypes - Schizoid Personality Disorder (page 2) PTypes schizoid personality disorder Page Two with 'A Comprehensive PhenomenologicalProfile'. PTypes Personality Types, schizoid personality disorder (page 2). http://www.geocities.com/ptypes/schizoidpd2.html

10. Ami B. Kaplan, CSW, Psychotherapy,Psychotherapist Specializing in shyness, schizoid personality disorder, complicated bereavement and young adults. http://amib.tripod.com

Ami B. Kaplan, CSW Psychotherapy and Psychoanalysis Note - this page has moved here This old page not updated since 8/02, please use the new page. I am a Psychotherapist in private practice in New York City. My specialties include: shyness, schizoid personality disorder, complicated bereavement, gay and lesbian issues, transgender and gender identity issues. Individuals, Couples and Groups. (Oxford Provider) email your questions 113 University Place New York, New York 10003 Affiliations: Clinical Director: New York Psychotherapy Collective New York's largest free psychotherapy referral service Post Graduate Training: Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy Study Center Past Supervisor for: Body Positive Oxford Provider Links: See a map of the area The Psychoanalytic Connection: New Articles from JAPA and comments. Ami B. Kaplan, CSW 113 University Place New York, New York 10003

11. Schizoid Personality Disorder Criteria Looks at the disorder from the four perspectives of psychiatry disease, dimensional, behavior, and life story, and includes links to the other primary web pages on the subject. http://www.geocities.com/ptypes/schizoidpd.html

12. Schizoid Personality Disorder schizoid personality disorder from Internet Mental Health. schizoid personality disorder Treatment http://www.topcondition.com/images/mymindfield/schizoid_personality_disorder.htm

Home Teamwork Anger Management Anorexia ... Successful Relationships Schizoid Personality Disorder This condition reveals a pattern of detachment from social relationships and a severe reduction in emotions, particularly in social settings. As with other disorders, conditions evidence themselves first in early adulthood. Any combination of the following may suggest the condition; Isolated socially Chooses solitary activities No interest in sex with other person Finds nothing pleasurables Lacks intimate friendships or relationships Displays no reaction to criticism or praise Appears cold, detached, unemotional and withdrawn A supportive and non-invasive group can help a person who suffers from schizoid personality disorder overcome fears of closeness and feelings of isolation. Individual therapy has not been terribly effective and is generally directed at short-term solution to the immediate problem rather than long-term elimination. Attempts are made to develop a reinforcement for social contacts and relationship in a non-threatening milieu. Cognitive restructuring may be useful in dealing with clearly illogical thoughts that are posing a risk to functioning and coping. The objective is to stabilize the situation and support the client. While it helpful to keep the individual in therapy, the individual may vacillate between showing a world of fantasy and close relationships and total fear of dependency.

13. Apart From . . . Being Schizoidhttp//www.lightdarkness.com/schizoid - February 9 the need for privacy in a person with schizoid personality disorder and should maintain a lowkey approach that focuses http://www.lightdarkness.com/schizoid

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14. Psych Central: Schizoid Personality Disorder Treatment General treatment guidelines for schizoid personality disorder, including psychotherapy, medications and selfhelp resources. http://www.grohol.com/disorders/sx30t.htm

Ad: Need help now? Try HelpHorizons home resource library disorders ... support forums Schizoid Personality Disorder TREATMENT Table of Contents Psychotherapy Medications Self-Help Psychotherapy While there are many suggested treatment approaches one could make for this disorder, none of them are likely to be easily effective. As with all personality disorders, the treatment of choice is individual psychotherapy. However, people with this disorder are unlikely to seek treatment unless they are under increased stress or pressure in their life. Treatment will usually be short-term in nature to help the individual solve the immediate crisis or problem. The patient will then likely terminate therapy. Goals of treatment most often are solution-focused using brief therapy approaches. The development of rapport and a trusting therapeutic relationship will likely be a slow, gradual process that may not ever fully develop as in seeing people with other disorders. Because people who suffer from this disorder often maintain a social distance with people in their lives, even those close to them, the clinician should work to help ensure the client's security in the therapeutic relationship. Acknowledging the client's boundaries are important and the therapist should not look to confront the client on these types of issues. Long-term psychotherapy should be avoided because of its poor treatment outcomes and the financial hardships inherent in length therapy. Instead, psychotherapy should focus on simple treatment goals to alleviate current pressing concerns or stressors within the individual's life. Cognitive-restructuring exercises may be appropriate for certain types of clear, irrational thoughts which are negatively influencing the patient's behaviors. The therapeutic framework should be clearly defined at the onset. Stability and support are the keys to good treatment with someone who suffers from schizoid personality disorder. The therapist must be careful not to "smother" the client and be able to tolerate some possible "acting-out" behaviors.

15. Personality Disorder Information long grudges. Schizoid People with schizoid personality disorder avoidrelationships and do not show much emotion. They genuinely http://www.4degreez.com/misc/disorder_information2.html

Personality Disorder Information Information on personality disorders is found below. If you are looking for further information or if you believe you have a disorder, ask your local physician to recommend a professional therapist in your area. Click here to take the personality disorder test. This page is sponsored by 4degreez.com Please Visit our Sponsor =) Paranoid Paranoid personality disorder is characterized by a distrust of others and a constant suspicion that people around you have sinister motives. People with this disorder tend to have excessive trust in their own knowledge and abilities and usually avoid close relationships with others. They search for hidden meanings in everything and read hostile intentions into the actions of others. They are quick to challenge the loyalties of friends and loved ones and often appear cold and distant to others. They usually shift blame to others and tend to carry long grudges. Schizoid People with schizoid personality disorder avoid relationships and do not show much emotion. They genuinely prefer to be alone and do not secretly wish for popularity. They tend to seek jobs that require little social contact. Their social skills are often weak and they do not show a need for attention or acceptance. They are perceived as humorless and distant and often are termed "loners." Schizotypal Many believe that schizotypal personality disorder represents mild schizophrenia. The disorder is characterized by odd forms of thinking and perceiving, and individuals with this disorder often seek isolation from others. They sometimes believe to have extra sensory ability or that unrelated events relate to them in some important way. They generally engage in eccentric behavior and have difficulty concentrating for long periods of time. Their speech is often over elaborate and difficult to follow.

16. Schizoid Personality Disorder: Treatment Discusses individual and group therapy. http://www.mentalhealth.com/rx/p23-pe02.html

Schizoid Personality Disorder Treatment Phillip W. Long, M.D. Contents Medical Treatment Basic Principles Psychosocial Treatment Basic Principles ... Group Therapy Medical Treatment Basic Principles Medications are generally not useful except as temporary aids in cases of extraordinary anxiety. to top Psychosocial Treatment Basic Principles The physician should appreciate the need for privacy in a person with schizoid personality disorder and should maintain a low-key approach that focuses on the technical elements of treatment. Such a focus will enable the patient to feel the physician's concern and caring and know that caretakers will not press beyond comfortable limits. The patient should be encouraged to maintain daily routines so that a sense of "life as usual" can counteract the worry that illness will shatter the patient's efforts to remain detached and uninvolved. Knowledge of the patient's usual pattern of functioning will counteract any tendency on the part of the health care team to become personally overinvolved or be too zealously concerned with providing social supports for the patient. Individual Psychotherapy Long-term psychotherapy has been useful in selected cases. The course of therapy involves gradual development of trust. If this can be achieved, the patient may share long-standing fantasies of imaginary friendships and may reveal fears of depending on others. Patients are encouraged to examine the unrealistic nature of their fears and fantasies and to form actual relationships. Successful psychotherapy will produce gradual change.

17. Treatment Of Schizoid Personality Disorder Disscusses psychotherapy, group therapy, medications and selfhelp. http://mentalhelp.net/poc/view_doc.php?type=doc&id=482&cn=8&PHPSESSI

18. Schizoid Personality Disorder schizoid personality disorder This condition reveals a pattern of detachment fromsocial relationships and a severe reduction in emotions, particularly in http://topcondition.com/images/mymindfield/schizoid_personality_disorder.htm

Home Teamwork Anger Management Anorexia ... Successful Relationships Schizoid Personality Disorder This condition reveals a pattern of detachment from social relationships and a severe reduction in emotions, particularly in social settings. As with other disorders, conditions evidence themselves first in early adulthood. Any combination of the following may suggest the condition; Isolated socially Chooses solitary activities No interest in sex with other person Finds nothing pleasurables Lacks intimate friendships or relationships Displays no reaction to criticism or praise Appears cold, detached, unemotional and withdrawn A supportive and non-invasive group can help a person who suffers from schizoid personality disorder overcome fears of closeness and feelings of isolation. Individual therapy has not been terribly effective and is generally directed at short-term solution to the immediate problem rather than long-term elimination. Attempts are made to develop a reinforcement for social contacts and relationship in a non-threatening milieu. Cognitive restructuring may be useful in dealing with clearly illogical thoughts that are posing a risk to functioning and coping. The objective is to stabilize the situation and support the client. While it helpful to keep the individual in therapy, the individual may vacillate between showing a world of fantasy and close relationships and total fear of dependency.

19. The Difference Between Personality Disorders The differences between the schizoid personality disorder and other personality disorders highlighted. http://www.pipeline.com/~dada3zen/personality.htm

AVOIDANT PERSONALITY DISORDER This disorder is characterized by a long-standing and complex pattern of feelings of inadequacy, extreme sensitivity to what other people think about them, and social inhibition. It typically manifests itself by early adulthood and includes a majority of the following symptoms: avoids occupational activities that involve significant interpersonal contact, because of fears of criticism, disapproval, or rejection is unwilling to get involved with people unless certain of being liked shows restraint within intimate relationships because of the fear of being shamed or ridiculed is preoccupied with being criticized or rejected in social situations is inhibited in new interpersonal situations because of feelings of inadequacy views self as socially inept, personally unappealing, or inferior to others is unusually reluctant to take personal risks or to engage in any new activities because they may prove embarrassing SCHIZOTYPAL PERSONALITY DISORDER A pervasive pattern of social and interpersonal deficits marked by acute discomfort with, and reduced capacity for, close relationships as well as by cognitive or perceptual distortions and eccentricities of behavior, beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts, as indicated by five (or more) of the following: ideas of reference (excluding delusions of reference odd beliefs or magical thinking that influences behavior and is inconsistent with subcultural norms (e.g., superstitiousness, belief in clairvoyance, telepathy, or "sixth sense"; in children and adolescents, bizarre fantasies or preoccupations)

20. Psych Central: Schizoid Personality Disorder Treatment General treatment guidelines for schizoid personality disorder, including psychotherapy,medications and selfhelp resources. schizoid personality disorder. http://psychcentral.com/disorders/sx30t.htm

Ad: Need help now? Try HelpHorizons home resource library disorders ... support forums Schizoid Personality Disorder TREATMENT Table of Contents Psychotherapy Medications Self-Help Psychotherapy While there are many suggested treatment approaches one could make for this disorder, none of them are likely to be easily effective. As with all personality disorders, the treatment of choice is individual psychotherapy. However, people with this disorder are unlikely to seek treatment unless they are under increased stress or pressure in their life. Treatment will usually be short-term in nature to help the individual solve the immediate crisis or problem. The patient will then likely terminate therapy. Goals of treatment most often are solution-focused using brief therapy approaches. The development of rapport and a trusting therapeutic relationship will likely be a slow, gradual process that may not ever fully develop as in seeing people with other disorders. Because people who suffer from this disorder often maintain a social distance with people in their lives, even those close to them, the clinician should work to help ensure the client's security in the therapeutic relationship. Acknowledging the client's boundaries are important and the therapist should not look to confront the client on these types of issues. Long-term psychotherapy should be avoided because of its poor treatment outcomes and the financial hardships inherent in length therapy. Instead, psychotherapy should focus on simple treatment goals to alleviate current pressing concerns or stressors within the individual's life. Cognitive-restructuring exercises may be appropriate for certain types of clear, irrational thoughts which are negatively influencing the patient's behaviors. The therapeutic framework should be clearly defined at the onset. Stability and support are the keys to good treatment with someone who suffers from schizoid personality disorder. The therapist must be careful not to "smother" the client and be able to tolerate some possible "acting-out" behaviors.

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