41. Shigellosis Top of Page What is shigellosis? shigellosis is a bacterial infectionthat affects the intestines. Top of Page Who gets shigellosis? http://health2k.state.nv.us/disease/diseases/shigellosis.htm

Nevada State Health Division Bureau of Disease Control and Intervention Services Information Technology Section Nevada State Health Division Contacts Links Search Shigellosis What is shigellosis? Who gets shigellosis? How is the Shigella germ spread? What are the symptoms? ... What can be done to prevent the spread of shigellosis? What is shigellosis? Shigellosis is a bacterial infection that affects the intestines. It is one of the more common causes of diarrhea. Most cases are seen in the summer and early fall and occur as single cases or outbreaks. Who gets shigellosis? Anyone can get shigellosis, but it is recognized more often in young children. Those who may be at greater risk include children in day-care centers, travelers to certain foreign countries, institutionalized people and men who have sex with other men. How is the shigellosis germ spread? Shiga bacteria are found in the intestines of infected people, who, in turn, may contaminate food or water. Shiga bacteria are spread by eating or drinking contaminated food or water or by direct contact with an infected person.

42. JS Online: Health Department Warns Of Shigellosis Outbreak Health Department warns of shigellosis outbreak. Shigella, which arerodshaped bacteria, produce an illness called shigellosis. http://www.jsonline.com/alive/news/sep99/shig08090799.asp

E-MAIL JS ONLINE WTMJ WKTI ... Advanced Searches JS Online Features List JSO Main Page OnWisconsin.com OnWisconsin LIVE Packer Plus Online Badger Plus Online Chat Editorials Entertainment Features Dining Lifestyle News Obituaries Photo of the Day Packer Insider Real Estate Sports Travel Traffic Weather Wheels Search JS Online AP - The WIRE Lottery Results Yellow Pages Classifieds OnWisconsin Cars General Employment Real Estate Rentals Personals Subscribe to paper Service Desk Contact Us Alive! Online Health News Columnists Fitness ... PRINT THIS STORY Health Department warns of shigellosis outbreak Bacterial disease has sickened at least 200 people in Milwaukee County By Marilynn Marchione of the Journal Sentinel staff Last Updated: Sept. 7, 1999 The Milwaukee Health Department is warning physicians about an increase of diarrheal illness caused by Shigella bacteria, and is urging the public to practice good hand-washing to prevent its spread. So far this year, about 200 cases have been confirmed in Milwaukee County; the normal rate is zero to 10 per month, Health Commissioner Seth Foldy said. It is not an epidemic and is not transmitted through treated city water, as the Cryptosporidium epidemic was six years ago, he emphasized. "It primarily is a person-to-person, fecal-oral spread. It is

43. NHS Direct Online Encyclopedia Shigellosis Introduction NHS Direct Online Encyclopedia entry on shigellosis including description, symptoms,diagnosis, treatment. NHS Direct Online Health Encyclopaedia shigellosis. http://www.nhsdirect.nhs.uk/nhsdoheso/display.asp?sTopic=Shigello

44. KY: CHS: Department For Public Health - Shigellosis KY Cares Logo. Division of Epidemiology 275 East Main Street Frankfort, KY 40621502564-3418. shigellosis. What is shigellosis. How shigellosis Is Spread. http://publichealth.state.ky.us/shigellosis.htm

KY Cabinet for Health Services Department for Public Health Ensuring the Health of Kentucky Public Health Home Page CHS Home Page Search CHS Sites News Releases Product Recalls Food Recalls Vital Records Data Reports Local Health Departments Data Surveys Training Calendar For other Kentucky Government sites visit: Division of Epidemiology 275 East Main Street Frankfort, KY 40621 Shigellosis What is Shigellosis Shigellosis is an acute intestinal infection caused by one of the four serotypes of Shigella bacteria. The severity of the illness depends on the Shigella type and the nutritional status of the patient. Shigella dysenteriae 1 is often associated with serious disease and severe complications that include toxic megacolon and the hemolytic-uremic syndrome. How Shigellosis Is Spread The germs leave the body in the stool (bowel movements) of an infected person and infect another person when hands, food or objects (toys, pens, etc.) contaminated with the stool, are placed in the mouth. Hand washing is the best way to prevent the spread of Shigella The Symptoms Of Shigellosis Shigellosis is characterized by diarrhea (may be bloody or contain mucous), fever, nausea, cramps, and tenesmus. Asymptomatic infections may occur. Cases are seen in the summer and early fall and occur as single cases or outbreaks. The disease is usually self-limiting, lasting an average of 4-7 days.

45. Health And Wellness Dictionary: Shigellosis shigellosis. shigellosis is a diarrheal illness caused by the Shigellagroup of bacteria. Infection is spread by the fecaloral route. http://geoparent.com/dictionary/Detailed/403.htm

From pre-pregnancy to baby care through parenting... See more from GeoParent! Parenting features GeoParent Local ePregnancy Chef Mom.com Myria - for moms SheKnows directory HolidayNotes webcards search site directory local sites message boards ... main page Search: site directory more search options Dictionary Contents S : Shigellosis Health and Wellness Dictionary: Definition Dictionary Main Search GeoParent Main Page Health articles ... X-Y-Z Shigellosis Shigellosis is a diarrheal illness caused by the Shigella group of bacteria. Infection is spread by the fecal-oral route. Only a few bacteria are needed to cause an infection and, unlike many of the diarrheal agents in child care settings, shigella may spread through groups of children who are toilet trained as well as through groups of children who are in diapers. Depending on the infectious dose, infection with shigella may be very mild or it may result in severe bloody diarrhea, fever, cramping, nausea and vomiting. Numerous outbreaks have been reported from child care settings. Children may spread infections acquired in child care facilities to their parents and siblings and whole families may be ill within a matter of days. Deaths have been reported from this illness. Want more?

46. Shigellosis Communicable Diseases In Rhode Island. shigellosis. Reported cases of shigellosisby age group, Rhode Island, 19992001. Age Group. Number of reported cases. http://www.healthri.org/disease/communicable/shigellosis_data.htm

HEALTHri Disease Prevention Office of Communicable Diseases 3 Capitol Hill - Room 106 Providence, RI 02908 fax: (401) 222-2488 email: LarryR@doh.state.ri.us Communicable Diseases Homepage General Information on Shigellosis ... General Information on Communicable Disease Communicable Diseases In Rhode Island Shigellosis 5-year rate of disease Reported Cases, 1997-2001 Reported cases by age group, 1999-2001 Reported cases by gender, 1999-2001 ... Reported cases by serogroup, 1999-2001 Note: Since the number of cases of Shigellosis is less than 50 for one year, information has been combined for three years to allow demonstration of trends for the following figures: Reported cases of Shigellosis by age group, Rhode Island, 1999-2001 Age Group Number of reported cases Percent Rate of disease per 100,000 Total Denominators for computing rates for RI were based on 2000 Census counts obtained from the U.S. Census Bureau. Reported cases of Shigellosis, by gender, Rhode Island,1999-2001

47. Shigellosis - Wikipedia shigellosis. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. shigellosis accounts for lessthan 10% of the reported outbreaks of foodborne illness in this country. http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shigellosis

Main Page Recent changes Edit this page Older versions Special pages Set my user preferences My watchlist Recently updated pages Upload image files Image list Registered users Site statistics Random article Orphaned articles Orphaned images Popular articles Most wanted articles Short articles Long articles Newly created articles Interlanguage links All pages by title Blocked IP addresses Maintenance page External book sources Printable version Talk Log in Help Shigellosis From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Shigellosis is an illness caused by infection by bacteria from the genus Shigella (more specifically, S. sonnei S. boydii S. flexneri S. dysenteriae Shigella are Gram-negative, nonmotile, nonsporeforming rod-shaped bacteria. Shigellosis accounts for less than 10% of the reported outbreaks of foodborne illness in this country. Shigella rarely occurs in animals; principally a disease of humans except other primates such as monkeys and chimpanzees . The organism is frequently found in water polluted with human feces. Symptoms Abdominal pain;

48. Shigellosis shigellosis. What is shigellosis? shigellosis is a type of gastroenteritis orface washer. How Can I Avoid Getting shigellosis? By following the http://www.nevdgp.org.au/geninf/phd_nev_diseases/Shigellosis.htm

Department of Human Services Government of Victoria Australia home news ... about Shigellosis What is Shigellosis? Shigellosis is a type of gastroenteritis (gastro) caused by the germ (bacterium) Shigella. Anyone can be affected by Shigella. What Are the Symptoms of Shigellosis? The most common symptoms of this disease are diarrhoea (which may contain blood, mucus and pus), fever, stomach cramps, nausea and vomiting. After the bacteria are taken in by mouth, it usually takes between one and three days before you become ill. To trace the cause of the illness, it is necessary to know what you ate and drank and where you were in the three days before you became ill. Illness usually lasts from four to seven days. Rarely, infection with some types of Shigella bacteria can be life threatening. Where Are Shigella Found? Shigella bacteria are only found in humans. How Does Shigellosis Spread? Shigellosis occurs when Shigella bacteria are taken in by mouth and the most common way this happens is by person-to-person spread.

49. Nyhd Shigellosis shigellosis. What is shigellosis? shigellosis is a bacterial infectionaffecting the intestinal tract. It outbreaks. Who gets shigellosis? http://www.nevdgp.org.au/geninf/nyhd/ny_shige.htm

Website: see also www.cdc.gov/ncidod/diseases/Index.htm New York State Department of Health Communicable Disease Fact Sheet Shigellosis What is shigellosis? Shigellosis is a bacterial infection affecting the intestinal tract. It is a fairly common disease; 600-800 cases occur in New York State each year. Most cases are seen in the summer and early fall and occur as single cases or outbreaks. Who gets shigellosis? Anyone can get shigellosis but it is recognized more often in young children. Those who may be at greater risk include children in day care centers, foreign travelers to certain countries, institutionalized people and active homosexuals. How is the shigella germ spread? Shigella germs are found in the intestinal tract of infected people who in turn may contaminate food or water. The shigella germ is spread by eating or drinking contaminated food or water or by direct contact with an infected person. What are the symptoms? People exposed to the shigella germ may experience mild or severe diarrhea, often with fever and traces of blood or mucous in the stool. Some infected people may not show any symptoms. How soon do symptoms appear?

50. Texas Department Of Health, 1999 Epidemiology Annual Report-Shigellosis shigellosis. According to the Federal Food and Drug Administration (FDA), approximately300,000 cases of shigellosis occur in the United States annually. http://www.tdh.state.tx.us/epidemiology/99annual/reports/shigellosis.htm

Shigellosis According to the Federal Food and Drug Administration (FDA), approximately 300,000 cases of shigellosis occur in the United States annually. Shigellosis continues to be one of the most frequently reported enteric diseases in Texas. Shigella spp. can cause disease with as few as 10 organisms. Symptoms appear 12 to 50 hours after infection and include mucoid or pus-laden diarrhea, abdominal cramps, fever, nausea, vomiting, and tenesmus. Prevention of shigellosis involves standard sanitary practices such as thorough hand washing after bathroom use or diapering and before food preparation. Since shigellosis spreads easily in group child-care situations, strict handwashing practices as well as the disinfectation of toys and diapering surfaces can considerably reduce the spread of the disease. A significant decrease in the number of shigellosis cases occurred in Texas in 1999. In contrast to 1998 in which 3,988 cases (18 per 100,000 population) of shigellosis were reported to the Texas Department of Health (TDH), only 2,281 cases (11.4 per 100,000 population) were reported in 1999. The incidence was the lowest rate observed since 1989 ( Figure 1 ). Health education efforts in North and West Texas, including safe food handling conferences and hand washing instruction, may have been responsible for some of the reduction in cases. Of the 1,602 (70% of total received) isolates that were speciated, the most frequently identified species were

51. TDH News Release: TDH Investigating Shigellosis Outbreak In Johnson County TDH Investigating shigellosis Outbreak in Johnson County. shigellosis is transmittedby a fecaloral route, usually through person-to-person contact. http://www.tdh.state.tx.us/news/b_new459.htm

TDH News Release November 13, 2002 Schulenburg Company Recalling Garlic-Flavored Sausage The Texas Department of Health (TDH) is investigating an outbreak of shigellosis in Alvarado and Venus, two towns in Johnson County south of Fort Worth. At least 17 cases of the diarrheal illness have been reported since mid-October, mostly in young children. TDH officials, who say they would normally expect an average of one shigellosis case a month in the county, are urging area residents to take precautions to control the spread of the illness. James Zoretic, M.D., Arlington, TDH regional director, said thorough hand washing after visits to the restroom, before preparing or serving food or drinks and after changing a diaper is the best way to control shigellosis. He said hands should be washed with soap and warm water for at least 30 seconds and then rinsed well. People with shigellosis or other diarrheal illnesses should not attend school or child care centers or work in food-handling establishments until advised to do so by a health care provider, Zoretic said. Shigellosis is transmitted by a fecal-oral route, usually through person-to-person contact. Those infected may excrete Shigella bacteria in their feces for several weeks. Some infected people may show no symptoms but still may pass the bacteria to others.

52. Shigellosis Fact Sheet shigellosis. What is shigellosis? shigellosis is a bacterial infectionaffecting the intestinal tract. It Who gets shigellosis? Anyone http://www.vdh.state.va.us/epi/shigf.htm

Shigellosis What is shigellosis? Shigellosis is a bacterial infection affecting the intestinal tract. It is a fairly common disease usually seen in the summer and early fall and may occur as single cases or outbreaks. Who gets shigellosis? Anyone can get shigellosis but it is recognized more often in young children. Those at greater risk include children in day care centers, foreign travelers to certain countries, and persons living in institutions. Where are Shigella bacteria found? Shigella bacteria are found in the feces (stool) of infected persons. How are Shigella bacteria spread? An infected person may contaminate food or water. For example, infected persons can spread Shigella by not washing their hands after going to the bathroom and then handling food that other people will eat. Another way to get shigellosis is by direct oral contact with feces from an infected person. This could unintentionally happen while diapering children, for example. What are the symptoms?

53. Shigellosis Facts shigellosis Resources for Child Care Givers Provided by All Family Resources. EditorsList Spanish books. shigellosis in the Child Care Setting. shigellosis. http://www.familymanagement.com/childcare/facts/shigellosis.facts.html

Shigellosis Resources for Child Care Givers Provided by All Family Resources Home Site Index Facts Index FACT SHEETS ON CHILDHOOD DISEASES AND CONDITIONS Shigellosis in the Child Care Setting Shigellosis Shigellosis is a diarrheal illness caused by the Shigella group of bacteria. Infection is spread by the fecal-oral route. Only a few bacteria are needed to cause an infection and, unlike many of the diarrheal agents in child care settings, shigella may spread through groups of children who are toilet trained as well as through groups of children who are in diapers. Depending on the infectious dose, infection with shigella may be very mild or it may result in severe bloody diarrhea, fever, cramping, nausea and vomiting. Numerous outbreaks have been reported from child care settings. Children may spread infections acquired in child care facilities to their parents and siblings and whole families may be ill within a matter of days. Deaths have been reported from this illness and it is one of the more serious infections providers are likely to encounter in the child care setting. If you suspect a case of shigellosis in your child care facility: Contact your state or local health department. Prompt intervention may help prevent the spread of shigellosis to others and your health department should be in a position to give assistance and advice. Exclude the ill child and any children who subsequently develop diarrhea from child care until they no longer have diarrhea and have been shown to be free of the

54. Shigellosis General Information on Communicable Disease. Communicable Diseases In RhodeIsland. shigellosis. What are the shigellosis rates in Rhode Island? http://www.health.state.ri.us/disease/communicable/shigellosis.htm

HEALTHri Disease Prevention Office of Communicable Diseases 3 Capitol Hill - Room 106 Providence, RI 02908 fax: (401) 222-2488 email: LarryR@doh.state.ri.us Communicable Diseases Homepage Alphabetical List of Diseases A-Z ... General Information on Communicable Disease Communicable Diseases In Rhode Island Shigellosis For more information on the disease and its prevention, click here (forwarded to CDC web site). What are the Shigellosis rates in Rhode Island? In 2001, 24 cases of shigellosis were reported to the Rhode Island Department of Health. Who can I contact at the Department of Health about Shigellosis? Kathy King Barton can answer questions about shigellosis. She can be reached at (401) 222-2577. this page last updated August 21, 2002 disease prevention asthma cancer communicable diseases ... women's health HEALTH ri Rhode Island Department of Health Division of Disease Prevention and Control healthri search health topics publications ... news

55. TBDHU - Shigellosis shigellosis. What is shigellosis? shigellosis produced. How is shigellosisSpread? People are the only significant source for Shigella bacteria. http://www.tbdhu.com/factsheets/Shigellosis.htm

Home About Us Pick a Topic Community Involvement Disease Prevention Healthy Living Hazard Investigation Inspections Injury Prevention Sexual Health Substance Abuse Pick an Audience Medical Professionals Parents Referring Agencies Seniors Teachers Teens Women Breaking News FactSheets Contact Us The Thunder Bay District Health Unit provides health information to teens, women, parents, teachers, families and medical professionals. We advocate for healthy public policy. We protect you by investigating reportable diseases. We respond to natural and man made environmental emergencies. Topics on this site include vaccines, clinics, cancer screening, food safety, hazard investigation, injury prevention, sexual health, heart health, and living a healthy lifestyle Shigellosis What is Shigellosis? Shigellosis is an acute bacterial disease that causes diarrhea, often bloody diarrhea, accompanied by fever, nausea, and sometimes vomiting and cramps. The disease is commonly referred to as dysentery. Some cases can be quite severe and symptoms can last for several days or several weeks, with an average of 4-7 days.

56. Shigellosis Alert Public Health Services . . . Since 1876. http://www.tpchd.org/HealthAlertsYes.htm

Public Health Services . . . Since 1876 Home Directory Find Us Search No known health alert at this time. Search Table of Contents Publications, Newsletters, Brochures Health Alerts ... About Us 3629 South D Street Tacoma, WA 98418-6813 800 992-2456 (Within Washington State), ext. 6500 Email: Health Department Remember: Handwashing is your number one defense against illness

57. Treatment Of Shigellosis: IV. Cefixime..., Annals 1 Oct 95 Treatment of shigellosis IV. Cefixime Is Ineffective in shigellosis in Adults.Annals of Internal Medicine 1 Oct 95. Treatment of shigellosis IV. http://www.acponline.org/journals/annals/01oct95/shigello.htm

Annals of Internal Medicine Current Issue Past Issues Library for Internists Subscriptions ... Email this page Annals of Internal Medicine BRIEF COMMUNICATIONS Treatment of Shigellosis: IV. Cefixime Is Ineffective in Shigellosis in Adults Annals of Internal Medicine 1 October 1995. 123:505-508. Mohammed Abdus Salam, MBBS; Carlos Seas, MD; Wasif Ali Khan, MBBS; and Michael L. Bennish, MD Objective: To compare the efficacy of cefixime with that of pivamdinocillin in the treatment of adults with acute dysentery caused by Shigella infection. Design: Randomized, double-blind clinical trial. Setting: A diarrhea treatment center in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Patients: 30 men with dysentery lasting 72 hours or less. Interventions: Patients were randomly assigned to receive either 400 mg of cefixime every 24 hours ( n = 15) or 400 mg of pivamdinocillin every 6 hours ( n = 15) for 5 days. All patients were hospitalized for 6 days. Patients in whom initial drug therapy failed received alternative antimicrobial therapy. Measurements: Shigella could be isolated from a stool sample on or after study day 3.

58. Shigellosis Foodborne Disease. shigellosis. shigellosis is a type of foodborne diseasemost common among children, especially toddlers. shigellosis. http://jhhs.client.web-health.com/web-health/topics/GeneralHealth/generalhealths

59. Shigellosis Fact Sheet. shigellosis. What is shigellosis? shigellosis is a fairly commonbacterial infection affecting the intestinal tract. Who gets shigellosis? http://www.dph.state.ct.us/BCH/infectiousdise/shigello.htm

Connecticut Department of Public Health Fact Sheet Shigellosis What is shigellosis? Shigellosis is a fairly common bacterial infection affecting the intestinal tract. It is caused by a bacterium called Shigella . Most cases are seen in the summer and early fall and occur as single cases or outbreaks. Where are Shigella bacteria found? Shigella can be found in the intestinal tract of infected people who in turn may contaminate food or water. How is the this bacteria spread? Shigella bacteria are spread by eating or drinking contaminated food or water or by direct contact with an infected person. Infection may occur after ingestion of very few (10-100) organisms. Who gets shigellosis? Anyone can get shigellosis but it is recognized more often in young children. Those who may be at greater risk include children in day care centers, foreign travelers to certain countries, institutionalized people, and active homosexuals. What are the symptoms of shigellosis? People infected with Shigella may experience mild or severe diarrhea often with fever, nausea and sometimes cramps and vomiting. Traces of blood or mucous in the stool can be found in typical cases. Some infected people may show mild illness or no symptoms.

60. UNUSUAL CAUSE OF NEONATAL SEPTIC SHOCK: NEONATAL SHIGELLOSIS :14(5) September 1994. UNUSUAL CAUSE OF NEONATAL SEPTIC SHOCK NEONATAL shigellosis. shigellosisis extremely rare below the age of six months. http://www.kfshrc.edu.sa/annals/145/93271.html

September 1994 UNUSUAL CAUSE OF NEONATAL SEPTIC SHOCK: NEONATAL SHIGELLOSIS Hakam Yaseen, CES, DUN(France); Abdullah Al Ghamdi, FRCPC, FAAP; Maha Darwich, CES(France); Adnan Amin, Facharzt Address reprint requests and correspondence to Dr. Yaseen: Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Al Hada Armed Forces Hospital, P.O. Box 1347, Taif, Saudi Arabia. Accepted for publication 27 February 1994. Shigellosis is extremely rare below the age of six months. Before this age, infants are highly resistant to shigellosis, probably due to changes in intestinal flora of breast-fed children. This resistance has been believed to be due to the presence of specific antibodies in breast milk1 or perhaps because of the short transit time that Shigella is carried in an adult's stool. Thus, the presence of the organism at delivery is uncommon. Case Report A 2.5 kilogram female was born at 38 weeks' gestation to a mother who had a history of diarrhea with fever for one week prior to delivery. The baby was delivered vaginally and had Apgar scores of 6 and 8 at the one and five minutes respectively. Because of the baby's mild respiratory distress, she was transferred to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. She was treated with an Oxy-hood, ampicillin and amikacin. The initial course was excellent. However, the third day of life she developed aqueous diarrheal stools containing blood and mucus. This was followed on her sixth day of life by the development of severe septic shock. Her symptoms included tachycardia (170/min), an undetectable blood pressure using a Dinamap BP monitor, semiconscious state, pallor, gasping respirations and a central temperature of 38.5_C. On examination she had hepatosplenomegaly and fresh bleeding was also noted in her gastric tube. Arterial blood gases showed a case of hypoxia with severe metabolic acidosis: pH 6.91, PCO2 41 mg/Hg, PO2 41 mm/Hg, bicarbonate 8 mmol/L, and base excess of -27. There were no signs of dehydration. Blood work showed: WBC 8200; platelet count 164,000; prothrombin time (PT) 21 (control 12) and the partial thromboplastin time (PTT) of 82 (control 30.4).

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