41. Smallpox By Ian Sinclair smallpox MYTH It is pathetic and ludicrous to say we ever vanquished smallpox withvaccines, when only 10% of the population was ever vaccinated.Dr Glen http://www.whale.to/vaccines/sinclair.html

Smallpox by Ian Sinclair. In England, compulsory vaccination against smallpox was first introduced in 1852, yet in the period 1857 to 1859, a smallpox epidemic killed 14,244 people. In 1863 to 1865, a second epidemic claimed 20,059 lives. In 1867, a more stringent compulsory vaccination law was passed and those who evaded vaccination were prosecuted. After an intensive tour year effort to vaccinate the entire population between the ages of 2 - 50, the Chief Medical Officer of England announced in May 1871 that 97.5% had been vaccinated. In the following year, 1872, England experienced its worst ever smallpox epidemic which claimed 44,840 lives. Between 1871-1880, during the period of compulsory vaccination, the death rate from smallpox leapt from 28 to 46 per 100,000 population. Writing in the British Medical Journal (21/1/1928 p116) Dr L Parry questions the vaccination statistics which revealed a higher death rate amongst the vaccinated than the unvaccinated and asks: "How is it that smallpox is five times as likely to be fatal in the vaccinated as in the unvaccinated? "How is it that in some of our best vaccinated towns - for example, Bombay and Calcutta - smallpox is rife, whilst in some of our worst vaccinated towns, such as Leicester, it is almost unknown?

42. Early Release Articles -- The New England Journal Of Medicine EARLY RELEASE Posted December 19, 2002 smallpox AND smallpox VACCINATION.To issue.). More information on smallpox and smallpox vaccination. http://nejm.org/earlyrelease/early.asp

HOME SEARCH CURRENT ISSUE PAST ISSUES ... HELP Posted March 17, 2003 Because of their potential therapeutic implications, these articles have been published early at www.nejm.org. They will appear in the May 8 issue of the Journal Effects of Estrogen plus Progestin on Health-Related Quality of Life J. Hays and Others Abstract PDF Perspective: Postmenopausal Hormones Therapy for Symptoms Only D. Grady Abstract PDF Posted March 13, 2003 Because the FDA approved enfuvirtide on March 13, 2003, this article has been published early at www.nejm.org. It will appear in the May 29 issue of the Journal Enfuvirtide, an HIV-1 Fusion Inhibitor, for Drug-Resistant HIV Infection in North and South America J.P. Lalezari and Others Abstract PDF Posted February 24, 2003 Because of their potential therapeutic implications, this article and related editorial have been published early at www.nejm.org. They will appear in the April 10 issue of the Journal Long-Term, Low-Intensity Warfarin Therapy for the Prevention of Recurrent Venous Thromboembolism P.M. Ridker and Others

43. Anthrax Exposure Inhalation Protection From Biological Toxins With BioGermDEFEND Offering homeopathic anthrax exposure as well as inhalation protection against biological germs, toxins and smallpox. Product details, reference, and contact information. http://www.biogermdefend.com/

anthrax exposure inhalation protection from biological toxins with bioGermDEFEND anthrax exposure protection using bioGermDEFEND as a homeopathic defence against biological germs, toxins and smallpox. naturally builds a defence to strengthen the immune system like a vaccine. home contact us order info place order ... how to order In today's tumultuous environment, bio-terrorism has created an underlying fear within many people. A number of cases of anthrax exposure have been been reported and broadscale dissemination of anthrax throughout the population remains a primary concern. The innate healing ability of the human immune system is your best defense against exposure to dangerous biological germs. Protect yourself with a homeopathic substance that has been used to stimulate the immune system to fight exposure to natural occuring biological germs including anthrax since 1830. WARNING If you have come into contact with anthrax or a biological substance that you think may be dangerous, call 911 immediately.

44. Smallpox: The Triumph Over The Most..., Annals 15 Oct 97 smallpox The Triumph over the Most Terrible of the Ministers of Death. smallpoxThe Triumph over the Most Terrible of the Ministers of Death. http://www.acponline.org/journals/annals/15oct97/smallpox.htm

Annals of Internal Medicine Current Issue Past Issues Library for Internists Subscriptions ... Email this page Annals of Internal Medicine HISTORY OF MEDICINE Smallpox: The Triumph over the Most Terrible of the Ministers of Death Annals of Internal Medicine 15 October 1997. 127:635-642. Related Letters Nicolau Barquet, MD, and Pere Domingo, MD Ann Intern Med. Annals of Internal Medicine end of text Smallpox was always present, filling the churchyard with corpses, tormenting with constant fear all whom it had not yet stricken, leaving on those whose lives it spared the hideous traces of its power, turning the babe into a changeling at which the mother shuddered, and making the eyes and cheeks of the betrothed maiden objects of horror to the lover Smallpox has been one of humankind's greatest scourges since time immemorial. Even illnesses as terrible as the plague, cholera, and yellow fever have not had such a universal and persistent impact. Smallpox is believed to have appeared at the time of the first agricultural settlements in northeastern Africa, around 10 000 BC . It probably spread from Africa to India by means of Egyptian merchants in the last millennium BC . The earliest evidence of skin lesions resembling those of smallpox is found on the faces of mummies from the time of the 18th and 20th Egyptian Dynasties (1570 to 1085 BC) and in the well-preserved mummy of Ramses V, who died as a young man in 1157 BC

45. Joel Shurkin's Web Page The only complete history of smallpox and of the brave and idiosyncratic men and women who defeated one of nature's most lethal viruses. http://nasw.org/users/shurkin/

JOEL SHURKIN'S WEB PAGE I am a writer-historian specializing in medicine, science and history. I have ten published books, hundreds of articles for magazines. I have been at this for a long time. Three of my books are definitive. Engines of the Mind is history of the computer, the only true history of the two men who invented the electronic, general-purpose , programmable computer and what happened to them. It has been updated once and published in English and Japanese. The Invisible Fire is the only complete book on the history of smallpox and how it was eradicated. In each case, the first half of the books was written as an historian, the last half as a journalist, involving complex, multiple interviews with the people involved. Neither books will ever be outdated or matched. To research Terman's Kids, I became the only writer let into the private files of Lewis Terman and his historic study of gifted children. In all three cases, you cannot research these subjects without running into me. I was one of three lead writers in the Philadelphia Inquirer coverage of Three Mile Island, which won a Pulitzer Prize for local reporting, and was chief space reporter for Reuters

46. The UCLA Louise M. Darling Biomedical Library History And Special Collections Di smallpox vaccination, inoculation, eradication, an online exhibit http://www.library.ucla.edu/libraries/biomed/smallpox/

47. Members : Team Homepage - GRID.ORG ™ Phi Psi team for collaborative computing effort to fight smallpox. http://www.grid.org/services/teams/team.htm?id=C882270B-1AA0-4363-9A81-CA21DD759

48. Book Viewer Note only Chapter 6 smallpox and Vaccinia, is available for this book.To search this chapter, type a term into the box on the right. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?call=bv.View..ShowTOC&rid=vacc.TOC

49. MIL VAX contact us. smallpox is contagious, deadly, and would disrupt military missions.smallpox vaccine prevents smallpox and we will use it carefully. http://www.smallpox.army.mil/default.asp?ste=milvax

50. Smallpox Vaccinations Why the vaccination campaign is unscientific, unethical and dangerous. http://www.healthworkers.org

The Health Workers Pledge Resources From the Media Bioterrorism: Real Threat or Pentagon Hype? Quote Unquote Links Pledge Form SEIU Q and A WHO Fact Sheet When U.S. Gov't Tested Germs, Drugs on Unsuspecting Citizens ... International A.N.S.W.E.R Health Workers Against Smallpox Vaccinations A Pledge: Not to Get and Not to Give In the very remote chance that an outbreak was to occur, the former plans for quarantines and ring vaccinations might be appropriate. But there has not been a single case of smallpox in the world for over 20 years and even the Bush administration admits that there has been no evidence of any danger of an outbreak. Why, then, carry out mass vaccinations? The Health Workers Pledge

51. Wired News: Smallpox Project Is No Small Task Advertisement. smallpox Project Is No Small Task. However, it's difficult topredict whether someone has contracted smallpox until symptoms develop. http://www.wired.com/news/medtech/0,1286,57557,00.html

Welcome to Wired News. Skip directly to: Search Box Section Navigation Content Search: Wired News Animations Wired Magazine HotBot (the Web) Smallpox Project Is No Small Task By Kristen Philipkoski Also by this reporter Page 1 of 1 02:00 AM Feb. 05, 2003 PT Anyone with an Internet connection can participate in an effort to discover a cure for smallpox a disease that was believed to be eradicated more than 30 years ago but has returned to the world stage amid fears of terrorism. The Smallpox Research Grid Project hopes to borrow the unused computing power of 2 million PCs to create a massive virtual supercomputer. It would attain a peak processing power of more than 1,100 teraflops more than 30 times more powerful than today's fastest supercomputer. Story Tools Story Images Click thumbnails for full-size image: See also Biochip: Diagnosis in a Pinch Smallpox Treatment or Snake Oil? Distributing the Search for Cures AIDS Drug Targets South Africa ... When a Terror Threat Is Real Check yourself into Med-Tech Today's Top 5 Stories Hackers Condemn Arab Site Hack Stem Cell Finds Change Everything Fears About DNA Testing Proposal Internet Radio's Biggest Geek ... Feeding the Sparks of Obsession With that kind of speed, researchers hope to streamline the inefficient, tedious and expensive process of developing a new drug.

52. BBC - History - Edward Jenner (1749 - 1823) Brief biography of Jenner, and his pioneering antismallpox treatment which eventually led to global eradication of the disease. Links to more information about smallpox. http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/jenner_edward.shtml

CATEGORIES TV RADIO COMMUNICATE ... INDEX SEARCH MONDAY 31st March 2003 Text only BBC Homepage History Topics ... Help Like this page? Send it to a friend! Edward Jenner (1749 - 1823) Edward Jenner was a doctor in Berkeley, Gloucestershire. In 1796 he carried out his now famous experiment on eight-year-old James Phipps. Jenner inserted pus taken from a cowpox pustule on the hand of milkmaid Sarah Nelmes and inserted it into an incision on the boy's arm. He was testing his theory, drawn from the folklore of the countryside, that milkmaids who suffered the mild disease of cowpox never contracted smallpox. Jenner subsequently proved that having been inoculated with cowpox Phipps was now immune to smallpox. He submitted a paper to the Royal Society in 1797 describing his experiment but was told that his ideas were too revolutionary and that he needed more proof. Undaunted, Jenner experimented on several other children, including his own 11-month-old son. In 1798 the results were finally published and Jenner coined the word vaccine from the Latin vacca for cow, and called the process vaccination. The immediate reaction to Jenner's work was ridicule. Critics, especially the clergy, claimed it was repulsive and ungodly to inoculate someone with material from a diseased animal. A satirical cartoon of 1802 showed people who had been vaccinated sprouting cow's heads. However the obvious advantages of vaccination and the protection it provided won out, and vaccination soon became widespread.

53. Wired News: Smallpox's 7 Percent Solution smallpox's 7 Percent Solution. 28, 2001 PT. For a disease that was supposedly obliteratedfrom the planet in 1978, smallpox is inciting a lot of worry lately. http://www.wired.com/news/medtech/0,1286,47137,00.html

Welcome to Wired News. Skip directly to: Search Box Section Navigation Content Search: Wired News Animations Wired Magazine HotBot (the Web) Smallpox's 7 Percent Solution By Kristen Philipkoski Also by this reporter Page 1 of 1 02:00 AM Sep. 28, 2001 PT For a disease that was supposedly obliterated from the planet in 1978, smallpox is inciting a lot of worry lately. Story Tools See also Discuss this story on Plastic.com State of Bio Defense: Not Good Why Liberty Suffers in Wartime Check yourself into Med-Tech U.S. vs. Them : Fresh Perspectives Today's Top 5 Stories Hackers Condemn Arab Site Hack Stem Cell Finds Change Everything Fears About DNA Testing Proposal Internet Radio's Biggest Geek ... Feeding the Sparks of Obsession There's good reason for the worry, experts say. Since the Sept. 11 attacks that killed or left missing about 6,000 people, the threat of a biological attack, using smallpox in particular, has many experts troubled since it is extremely contagious and no vaccine is readily available to prevent its spread. Anthrax has also been a key threat named by biological warfare experts, but it's not so easy to infect a person with the 10,000 spores necessary to cause disease. Plus, it's not contagious. A suicidal terrorist needs only to contract smallpox and wander around a subway, or get on a plane.

54. MILVAX I. DoD smallpox Vaccination Standard Training. Vaccination supervisors ensureall vaccinees complete the presmallpox vaccination screening form. http://www.vaccines.army.mil/smallpox.asp

Your browser does not support script Search Welcome to the Smallpox page. SVP on-line Proficiency Training I. DoD Smallpox Vaccination: Standard Training. Click here to take the training. (a) Medical Director. Serves as the subject-matter expert for the installation commander, working for the MTF Commander. The Medical Director is responsible to the MTF Commander for local execution of the SVP, training of Clinical Consultants and Vaccination Supervisors, and training verification and training documentation of all personnel. (b) Clinical Consultants and Vaccination Supervisors. 1. Clinical consultants will typically be physicians, physician assistants or nurse practitioners who provide clinical services. Clinical consultants will review screening forms before vaccination and either authorize vaccination, grant exemption from vaccination, or refer vaccine candidates for further evaluation. Clinical consultants may provide classroom education of vaccinees before vaccination. 2. Vaccination supervisors will typically be registered nurses or physician assistants. Vaccination supervisors train and document training of vaccinators and provide direct on-site supervision of vaccinations and vaccination-clinic operations. This may include providing classroom education of vaccinees before vaccination. Vaccination supervisors ensure all vaccinees complete the pre-smallpox vaccination screening form.

55. This Is London Succinct overview of anthrax, smallpox, ebola, cholera, Venezuelan equine encephalitis, plague and botulinum. From the UK newspaper. http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/dynamic/news/story.html?in_review_id=459916&in

56. GRID.ORG ™ - Smallpox Project: Overview With the participation of over 2 million devices worldwide, grid.org projects likeCancer Research, Anthrax Research, and the new smallpox Research Project http://www.grid.org/projects/smallpox/

PatriotGrid Smallpox Research Cancer Research Past Projects ... joining the Grid! Powered by the UD MetaProcessor Login? Introduction About the project Research participants ... Project Forum The Smallpox Project Smallpox was eliminated from the world in 1977 by a World Health Organization campaign. Despite this, stocks of the variola virus are known to exist and its use as a weapon of bioterrorism remains a frightening possibility. With vaccination having ended in 1972, the world population is highly susceptible. The availability of drugs to counter the virus would be a major defense. There is a possible molecular target whose blockade would prevent the ravages of an infection. We intend to use grid computing to screen millions of potential anti-smallpox drugs against this target. This will involve the use of the United Devices Global Metaprocessor, which we have successfully used in the past towards cancer and anthrax research. The project can harness millions of computers belonging to people in over two hundred countries, all of whom will benefit from protection against smallpox. Join the Fight by Joining the Grid You yourself can participate and assist in this important effort. By downloading and running the UD Agent, you add your CPU to the global grid. Every time your computer is idle, you contribute your computing resource to the grid, accelerating the screening process while dramatically reducing the cost of the project. The result: Rather than spending years to screen hundreds of thousands of molecules, it will be possible to screen hundreds of millions of molecules in just months.

57. Terrorismfiles.org : UN's Smallpox Terror Alert - Oct 22 2001, Terrorismfiles.or The relation of smallpox with terrorism and terrorist attacks. http://www.terrorismfiles.org/articles/2001/20011022_smallpoxterror.html

Terrorism History of terrorism Terrorism in the 20th century Drug trafficking and terrorism ... Weapons of Mass Destruction Articles and Attacks UN's smallpox terror alert October 22nd, 2001 Posted: 0022 GMT Governments around the world have been warned to prepare against a terrorist smallpox attack which could kill millions. The World Health Organisation has told them to ensure they can produce enough vaccine to protect their population against the disease, and is preparing to order mass precautionary vaccination of all citizens. 'The unthinkable is no longer unthinkable and we need to prepare for that,' said a spokesperson for the WHO, the United Nations' health agency. 'There has been a lot of concern about a smallpox outbreak. The numbers it would kill are scary.' The British Government last week issued emergency guidance to health professionals on how to deal with an outbreak. The guidance, seen by The Observer, says smallpox is a serious threat because it is easily passed from person to person, has a fatality rate of up to 90 per cent, can kill in 48 hours, and few people have been vaccinated. 'In the event of a deliberate release, it is unlikely that single, mild cases will occur - it is more likely that clusters of moderate to severe disease will be seen.'

58. Smallpox Vaccine Includes A Dose Of Risk The smallpox vaccine may cause serious medical complications and even death in rare cases, which is why the current vaccination planning is proceeding with great caution. http://healthlink.mcw.edu/article/1031002205.html

Search Articles: search tips Please Take the HealthLink Survey Email this article Print this article Find related articles: By topic: Infections/Infectious Diseases Preventive Medicine Public Health Vaccines/Immunizations By keywords: smallpox vaccine Receive Health Link via email! Subscribe now >> Smallpox Vaccine Includes a Dose of Risk Even though the last case of smallpox in the world occurred in 1978, the disease still haunts us through the threat of its use as a weapon of terror. Responding to the possibility that smallpox could be used as a weapon, the federal government has prepared an ambitious vaccination plan that starts with military personnel and hospital first-response teams. The US and Russia retained small quantities of the virus after smallpox was declared eradicated in 1980. Many now believe that virus samples may have fallen into the hands of other governments, or terrorist groups, who could attempt to reintroduce the disease during military engagements or by exposing civilian populations. In December of 2002 the federal government announced a plan to provide smallpox vaccinations for first-response teams in hospitals. Vaccinations of tens of thousands of military personnel have already begun, and further planning is underway to vaccinate the entire population of the United States should an outbreak occur.

59. SmallPox News Information and suggestions for Public Health response and planning for smallpox. Explanations and description of vaccinia (live virus) inoculation. http://www.vex.net/~flint/smallpox

SmallPox News Watch this space for reference materials, links, and suggestions for contingency plans for Public Health response to bioterrorist attack. Protection Against Smallpox A 20-Cent Mask Is the Key to Infection Control Smallpox is spread two ways, through direct contact and through respiratory secretions. To prevent spread, follow steps from the standard Infection Control Manual. See the isolation requirements from University of Virginia Health Science Center, which covers infection-control requirements for smallpox. (In their previously posted "yellow card", they called for a "standard isolation mask" like the one shown at left. Their new page doesn't specify mask type, but we have to assume appropriate hospital-grade disposables.) The beginnings of a civil defense strategy in case of an attack? Perhaps, but only if enough masks are made available. Second Vaccine Death Vaccinia Virus Linked to Heart Problems March 28, 2003 By Paul Flint There are apparently dangers of vaccinating an older population. A second health-care worker has died, apparently from a heart attack following coronary inflammation. Considering the tiny number of healthcare workers who have thus far submitted to voluntary vaccination, this represents a far-greater death rate than the one-in-a-million statistic cited on the basis of previous experience with smallpox vaccinations. This heart inflammation syndrome appears to be the cause of three heart attacks which have now resulted in two deaths. Amongst 350,000 military personnel vaccinated by the Defense Departmnt, there have been 10 cases of heart inflammation observed, none resulting in heart attack or causing death and all of which resolved completely after a period. The population of health-care workers is older than the military population, and is not carefully preselected for physical fitness, which could account for the different outcome.

60. Bioterrorism Safety Council A public nonprofit awareness site devoted to providing up to the minute information on Anthrax, smallpox and other bioterrorist threats. We offer news, CDC Health Advisories, facts on safety, prevention, treatment of Anthrax, smallpox, West Nile and other biowarfare agents, and provide support and teaching materials to the general public on these infectious diseases. http://www.terra.es/personal5/safetycouncil/

BioTerrorism Safety Council Advice from the Experts: The Center for Disease Control's Official Health Advisory: 1.Do not shake or empty the contents of any suspicious envelope or package. 2.Place the envelope or package in a plasticbag or some other type of container to prevent leakage of contents. 3.If you do not have any container, then cover the envelope or package with anything (e.g., clothing, paper, trash can, etc.) and do not remove this cover. 4.Leave the room and close the door, or section off the area to prevent others from entering (i.e., keep others away). 5.Wash your hands with soap and water to prevent spreading any powder to your face. 6.If you are at home, then report the incident to local police. If you are at work, then report the incident to local police, and notify your building security official or an available supervisor.

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