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         Strabismus:     more books (100)
  1. Strabismus by Julio Prieto-Díaz MD, Carlos Souza-Dias MD, 1999-11-17
  2. Strabismus by Joseph Lang, 2003-08-31
  3. Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus-International Survey 1988 by Bosko, Ed Jovicevic, 1988-01-01
  4. Basic And Clinical Science Course Section 6 2002-2003: Pediatric Ophthalmology And Strabismus (Basic & Clinical Science Course) by American Academy of Ophthalmology, 2002-07
  5. Strabismus: Symposium by New Orleans Academy of Ophthalmology, 1971-07
  6. Strabismus (Color Atlas of Ophthalmic Surgery) by Kenneth W. Wright, Stephen J. Ryan, 1991-01
  7. Strabismus Surgery: An Illustrated Text (Medical Atlas Series 4) by R. Richards, 1998-09-04
  8. Strabismus, Heterophoria, Ocular Motor Paralysis: Clinical Ocular Muscle Imbalance by R. Hugonnier, S.Clayette- Hugonnier, 1970-03
  9. A practical treatise on the cure of strabismus, or squint, by operation, and by milder treatment; with some new views of the anatomy and physiology of the muscles of the human eye by P Bennett Lucas, 2010-09-05
  10. Strabismus: Its Etiology and Treatment. by Oscar. Wilkinson, 1927
  11. Strabismus: a Clinical handbook. by George J. Epstein, 1948
  12. A Practical Treatise on the Cure of Strabismus, or Squint, by Operation and by Milder Treatment by Philip Bennett Lucas, 2009-12-16
  13. Convergent Strabismus (Monographs in Ophthalmology)
  14. Burian-von Noorden's Binocular vision and ocular motility: Theory and management of strabismus 5 th. edition by H.M. Burian, Gunter K.Von Noorden, 1980-03

61. Off-Cosmetic Benefits Of Strabismus Surgery In Adults: Currents: UI Health Care
Currents Spring 2000, Volume 1, Number 2. OffCosmetic Benefits of strabismusSurgery in Adults. The major types of strabismus are horizontal and vertical.
http://www.uihealthcare.com/news/currents/vol1issue2/adultstrab.html
This issue home CURRENTS Home Publishers Back Issues - UI Health Care's digital library
Send comments and questions to
staff@uihealthcare.com

University of Iowa
Currents: Spring 2000, Volume 1, Number 2
Off-Cosmetic Benefits of Strabismus Surgery in Adults
William E. Scott, MD Highlights
  • Strabismus before 9 years of age (visual immaturity) is horizontal, and the main deficiency is misalignment Strabismus acquired after 9 years of age (visual maturity) is both horizontal and vertical, and the main complaint is diplopia After 9 years of age, both strabismic deficiencies are treatable with restorative surgery, which is performed at UI Hospitals and Clinics with a high rate of success and low risk of complications or reoperation A large postoperative survey demonstrated that adult strabismus is more than just a cosmetic problem and treatment is worthwhile
History Adult strabismus includes all types of genetic or acquired strabismus that have persisted in individuals beyond 9, which is considered the age of visual maturity. The major types of strabismus are horizontal and vertical. The former is mostly associated with genetic conditions and usually has its onset before the age of visual maturity. The latter is, in most cases, acquired and its onset is usually after the age of visual maturity. However, it may also occur in childhood. Horizontal strabismus can be of two types - esotropia or exotropia. New facts Some forms of strabismus can successfully be corrected with glasses, others require surgery. Surgery for strabismus in adults aims at restoring alignment, eliminating diplopia, and enabling sensory fusion. Restorative surgery for strabismus in adults is carried out at UI Hospitals and Clinics with minimal risks and a high rate of success.

62. 1Up Health > Strabismus > Causes, Incidence, And Risk Factors Of Strabismus (Cro
Comprehesive information on strabismus (Crossed eyes, Esotropia, Exotropia,Squint, Walleye). strabismus Causes, Incidence, and Risk Factors.
http://www.1uphealth.com/health/strabismus_info.html
1Up Health Strabismus Alternative Medicine Clinical Trials ... Health Topics A-Z Search 1Up Health Strabismus Information Strabismus Causes, Incidence, and Risk Factors Alternative names : Crossed eyes, Esotropia, Exotropia, Squint, Walleye Definition : Strabismus involves deviation of the alignment of one eye in relation to the other.
Causes, Incidence, and Risk Factors
Strabismus is caused by a lack of coordination between the eyes. As a result, the eyes look in different directions and do not focus simultaneously on a single point. In most cases of strabismus in children, the cause is unknown. In more than half of these cases, the problem is present at or shortly after birth (congenital strabismus). In children, when the two eyes fail to focus on the same image, the brain may learn to ignore the input from one eye. If this is allowed to continue, the eye that the brain ignores will never see well. This loss of vision is called amblyopia , and it is frequently associated with strabismus. Some other disorders associated with strabismus in children include: Acquired strabismus in adults can be caused by injuries to the orbit of the eye or brain, including closed head injuries and strokes. People with diabetes often have loss of circulation causing an acquired paralytic strabismus. Loss of vision in one eye from any cause will usually cause the eye to gradually turn outward (exotropia). Because the brains of adults are already developed for vision, the problems associated with amblyopia, in which the brain ignores input from one eye, do not occur with adult strabismus.

63. Roche Lexikon Medizin (4. Aufl.) - Strabismus
strabismus. das Schielen; eine Störung derSensomotorik des Sehorgans mit der Unfähigkeit, die Blicklinien
http://www.gesundheit.de/roche/ro35000/r37135.html
Strabismus engl.: squint; strabismus
Diplopie
Heterophorie
St. accommodativus engl.: accommodative st
St. concomitans Heterotropie engl.: concomitant st Fusion Refraktion St. c. convergens St. c. divergens = St. externus = Exotropie
St. de orsumvergens
St. latens
engl.: latent st Heterophorie
St. non-concomitans engl.: incomitant st St. paralyticus
St. rotatorius
engl.: rotatory st Zyklotropie
St. spasticus engl.: spastic deviation Nystagmus
St. surso-adductorius
St. sursumvergens St. verticalis
Hypertropie engl.: vertical st Verwandte Themen Abdecktest Augenabweichung Augenmuskeln Begleitschielen ... Zyklotropie

64. LaserSurgeryForEyes.com
Additional Info. Site Map. Home. strabismus (Crossed Eyes). The eye muscles areout of balance. For more information about strabismus, visit AllAboutVision.com.
http://www.lasersurgeryforeyes.com/strabismus.html

Find a Surgeon in Your Area
How to Choose a Surgeon Questions You Should Ask A Football Analogy For Your Eyes ... Nearsighted Procedures Intraocular Contacts Intacs IntraLASIK LASIK LASEK PIOL PRK RK WavePrint Farsighted Procedures CK Intraocular Contacts Intacs IntraLASIK LASIK LASEK LTK PIOL PRK WavePrint Astigmatism Procedures AK Intacs IntraLASIK LASIK LASEK LRI PRK WavePrint Presbyopia Procedures CK Prelex SRP Other Eye Conditions Allergies Amblyopia Cataracts Color Blindness Computer Vision Conjunctivitis Diabetic Retinopathy Dry Eyes Glaucoma Keratoconus Light Sensitivity Low Vision Ocular Hypertension Macular Degeneration Retinal Detachment Retinitis Pigmentosa Ptosis Strabismus Styes Laser Eye Surgery Info: General/Overview Eligibility Advantages Expectations ... Home
Strabismus (Crossed Eyes) The eye muscles are out of balance. Double vision, poor depth perception, poor vision in one eye, or poor cosmetic appearance can result.
For more information about Strabismus, visit AllAboutVision.com
Other sites for information on strabismus:
Adult Strabismus

The Children's Hospital of Buffalo

Have fun with strabismus

return to home

to webmaster@lasersurgeryforeyes.com

65. Guidelines For The Management Of Strabismus And Amblyopia In Childhood - The Roy
Guidelines for the Management of strabismus and Amblyopia in Childhood February2000. Contents. SUMMARY. 5. strabismus (Syn squint). 5.1 Definition.
http://www.rcophth.ac.uk/publications/guidelines/strabismus.html
Eye Focus Annual Report 2001
Guidelines for the Management of Strabismus and Amblyopia in Childhood - February 2000
Contents SUMMARY Introduction Aims of management Amblyopia 3.1 Definition 3.2 Types of amblyopia 3.2.1 Stimulus deprivation amblyopia
3.2.2 Strabismic amblyopia
3.2.3 Ametropic and anisometropic amblyopia 3.3 Presentation and referral 3.4 Methods of examination 3.4.1 Visual acuity measurement 3.5 Management of amblyopia Refraction and spectacle prescription 4.1 Cycloplegia and retinoscopy 4.2 Correction of refractive errors 4.2.1 Hypermetropia
4.2.2 Anisometropia and astigmatism
4.2.3 Myopia Strabismus 5.1 Definition 5.2 Classification 5.3 Presentation and referral 5.4 Strabismus management 5.4.1 Infantile esotropia 5.4. 1.1 Development of binocular vision
5.4.1.2 Correction of amblyopia
5.4.1.3 General health issues
5.4.1.4 Surgical treatment
5.4.1.5 Associated features 5.4.2 Acquired strabismus in early childhood 5.4.2.1 General principles

66. STRABISMUS
strabismus. DEFINITION 2. Consequences of Uncorrected strabismus. 1. amblyopia loss of visual acuity; 2. loss of fusion - depth perception 3. Esotropia.
http://www.icondata.com/health/pedbase/files/STRABISM.HTM
  • Pediatric Database (PEDBASE)
  • Discipline: OPH
  • Last Updated: 6/01/94
    STRABISMUS
    DEFINITION:
    Abnormal ocular alignment in any field of gaze, constant or intermittent, and occurring at distant and/or near fixation.
    EPIDEMIOLOGY:
    • incidence: 2-5% of preschool children
    PATHOGENESIS:
    1. Background
    • because of oculomotor instability during the 1st month of life, adequate assessment of alignment is usually not made until 3 months of age, i.e. conjugate gaze is not established until 3 months of age
    • other features established by 3 months of age:
      • final eye colour
      • trichromatism established - red, green, yellow
      • binocularity established - depth perception
      • infant enjoys looking at human mouth and eyes and simple coloured toys
    • by 6 months of age, full visual fields have been established
    2. Consequences of Uncorrected Strabismus
  • 1. amblyopia - loss of visual acuity
  • 2. loss of fusion - depth perception
    3. Esotropia
    • differential diagnosis:
    1. Pseudostrabimus
    • distinguished from a true strabismus by observing symmetrically placed corneal reflexes and a negative cover test
    2. Infantile Esotropia
  • 67. Glossary Of Terms,paul Adler Optometry In The Uk
    Amblyopia and strabismus are the most commonly known types of binocular vision disabilities.To find out more about these visual conditions, see underneath.
    http://www.eyezone.co.uk/glossary.htm
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    Glossary of Terms
    Accommodation (also known as focusing)
    The eye's ability to adjust focus on objects at varying distances. See Near point of accommodation and accommodative facility. Behavioural theory suggests that focusing is closely related to the identification mechanism which ensures that the object under scrutiny is the most clearly seen ensuring it remains the centre of attention. See near point of accommodation and accommodative facility. Accommodative Facility
    The eyes ability to repeatedly change focus from one distance to an other. Often measured by use of special flipper lenses. Measurement of each eye in turn is usually made followed by comparing the performance to that of both eyes working together. Amblyopia ("lazy eye")

    68. InteliHealth: Strabismus
    an AZ format. Crossed Eyes (strabismus). Health A to Z, Reviewed bythe Faculty of Harvard Medical School Crossed Eyes (strabismus)
    http://www.intelihealth.com/IH/ihtIH/WSIHW000/9339/10805.html
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    Crossed Eyes (Strabismus)
  • What Is It?
  • 69. MedEye Lasik.com
    strabismus What Is strabismus? strabismus is a visual defect in which the eyesare misaligned and point in different directions. strabismus Surgery.
    http://www.medeyelasik.com/specialties/strabismus.htm
    The Laser
    Lasik

    RK

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    Keilson, M.D.

    First Name:
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    Comments
    ("Call after 7pm", etc.): Privacy Statement Ana Margo from ¿Que Pasa USA? " To See is to be able to Live again." - Ana Margo, Dir. of Public Relations Strabismus Topics What Is Strabismus? Strabismus is a visual defect in which the eyes are misaligned and point in different directions. The misalignment may always be noticeable, or it may come and go. One eye may be directed straight ahead, while the other eye is turned inward, outward, upward, or downward. The turned eye may straighten at times and the straight eye may turn. Strabismus is a common condition among children, affecting about four percent, but can also occur later in life. It occurs equally in males and females and may run in families. However, many people with strabismus have no relatives with the problem.

    70. Pediatric Ophthalmology Strabismus - Web Atlas Of Ophthalmology
    Home Web Atlas of Ophthalmology Pediatric Ophthalmology strabismus.External Disease Cornea Orbits, Eyelids, Lacrimal
    http://webeyemd.com/wao/wao_PediaStrab.htm

    71. Marguerite McDonald, MD - Eye Procedures - Strabismus Surgery
    Marguerite McDonald, MD. Home Eye Procedures strabismus surgery, strabismussurgery. strabismus is a general term referring to
    http://drmcdonald.eyemdlink.com/EyeProcedure.asp?EyeProcedureID=59

    72. David R. Hardten, MD - Eye Procedures - Strabismus Surgery
    David R. Hardten, MD. Home Eye Procedures strabismus surgery, strabismussurgery. strabismus is a general term referring to ocular
    http://drhardten.eyemdlink.com/EyeProcedure.asp?EyeProcedureID=59

    73. Strabismus & Amblyopia
    strabismus Amblyopia By Roberto VOLPE, MD Timothy ALBERT, OD ©. ExperimentalService - Tested with Netscape 2 and IExplorer 3 or newer. strabismus.
    http://www.dada.it/eyeweb/estrab.htm
    By Roberto VOLPE, M.D.
    - Experimental Service -
    A baby at birth is already able to see, but like many other motor, neural, and sensory systems in its body, continued development is necessary for optimal function. Correct ocular development requires clear vision in both eyes and accurate eyeball alignment and movement.
    It is of fundamental importance that the eyes function correctly during the first years of early life. This is the period when eye development is "plastic" and can be modified of shaped easily.
    Strabismus
    and/or other visual defects can gravely interfere with this natural developmental process and cause amblyopia to occur.
    To check a child's visual acuity (VA) please use the Random E chart
    STRABISMUS
    Strabismus means that the two eyes are not perfectly aligned and working together when viewing some object of attention.
    The figures below show two forms of horizontal strabismus: convergent (cross-eyed) and divergent (wall-eyed)
    These are the two most common forms of strabismus, or eye muscle misalignment. Occasionally a vertical strabismus can occur, either by itself, or associated with a horizontal type strabismus.
    Strabismus is not always cosmetically evident. Sometimes the degree of deviation, or misalignment is very small. Other times, the strabismus may alternate from one eye to the other. Finally, strabismus may be intermittent in which the eye(s) are misaligned only part of the time.

    74. Rajiv Anand, MD - Eye Procedures - Strabismus Surgery
    Home Eye Procedures strabismus surgery, strabismus surgery. strabismusis a general term referring to ocular misalignment due
    http://dranand.eyemdlink.com/EyeProcedure.asp?EyeProcedureID=59

    75. Richard L. Lindstrom, MD - Eye Procedures - Strabismus Surgery
    Richard L. Lindstrom, MD. Home Eye Procedures strabismus surgery, strabismussurgery. strabismus is a general term referring to
    http://drlindstrom.eyemdlink.com/EyeProcedure.asp?EyeProcedureID=59

    76. Jerry Popham, MD - Eye Procedures - Strabismus Surgery
    Jerry Popham, MD. Home Eye Procedures strabismus surgery, strabismussurgery. strabismus is a general term referring to ocular
    http://drpopham.eyemdlink.com/EyeProcedure.asp?EyeProcedureID=59

    77. Elizabeth A. Davis, MD - Eye Procedures - Strabismus Surgery
    Elizabeth A. Davis, MD. Home Eye Procedures strabismus surgery, strabismussurgery. strabismus is a general term referring to ocular
    http://drdavis.eyemdlink.com/EyeProcedure.asp?EyeProcedureID=59

    78. Eye Care
    strabismus strabismus is the medical term relating to a misalignmentof the eyes. strabismus is a lack of coordinated muscle movement
    http://www.eyecareindia.com/subcontents.asp?sectionid=5&subcontentid=36

    79. Lee T. Nordan, MD - Eye Procedures - Strabismus Surgery
    Lee T. Nordan, MD. Home Eye Procedures strabismus surgery, strabismussurgery. strabismus is a general term referring to ocular
    http://drnordan.eyemdlink.com/EyeProcedure.asp?EyeProcedureID=59

    80. Strabismus (Cross-Eyes)
    strabismus (CrossEyes). What is strabismus and how do I know if my babyhas it? The problem doctor. Why is strabismus a problem? Normal
    http://familydoctor.org/handouts/309.html
    Information
    from Your Family Doctor
    Strabismus (Cross-Eyes) What is strabismus and how do I know if my baby has it?
    The problem of crossed or wandering eyes is called strabismus (say: "stra-biz-muss"). It's normal for newborn babies to have eyes that cross or wander sometimes, especially when they're tired. However, if you see your child's eyes cross or see one eye wander to the side after 3 months of age, even if it happens only once in a while, tell your doctor. Also, if your child often looks at you with one eye closed, or with his or her head turned to one side, tell your doctor. Why is strabismus a problem? Normal vision needs both eyes to look in the same direction at the same time. When a child has a crossed or wandering eye, he or she gets a different picture from each eye. The child's brain blocks out the picture from the weaker eye. If this eye isn't fixed when a child is young, the child's brain will always ignore the pictures from the weak eye. This kind of vision loss is called amblyopia (say: "am-blee-o-pee-ah"). This is the most serious problem caused by crossed or wandering eyes. What can be done to fix this problem?

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