1. Trachoma Hub trachoma is an eye infection caused by Chlamydia trachomatis thatcan lead to blindness after repeated reinfections. It spreads http://www.knowdeep.org/trachoma/

Trachoma is an eye infection caused by Chlamydia trachomatis that can lead to blindness after repeated re-infections. It spreads easily from one family member to another. Flies can also transmit infected ocular or nasal secretions. Trachoma occurs worldwide and most often in poor rural communities in developing countries- in the Middle East, northern and sub-Saharan Africa, India, Southeast Asia, and China. Trachoma - Technical Information - from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Division of Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases. Dana Center Trachoma Study - from Wilmer Eye Institute at Johns Hopkins. Trachoma by MEDLINEplus Medical Encyclopedia - updated by Rocio Hurtado, M.D., Infectious Diseases Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA. Can Blinding Trachoma Be Eliminated Worldwide? - by Chandler Dawson, MD; Julius Schachter, PhD. Prevention of Blindness: Trachoma Control - by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. Trachoma by World Water Day - reviewed by staff and experts from the Water, Sanitation and Health unit (WSH), World Health Organization (WHO).

2. Int'l Trachoma Initiative - Dedicated To Eliminating The Leading Cause Of Preven ITI, founded by Pfizer Inc and The Edna McConnell Clark Foundation, is dedicated to eliminating the Category Health Conditions and Diseases Eye Disorders trachoma......trachoma is an easily spread infection of the eye. The International trachoma Initiativeis dedicated to eliminating blinding trachoma by the year 2020. http://www.trachoma.org/

Report on the history of trachoma in Egypt ITI publishes new program manager's guide Trachoma is an easily spread infection of the eye. Repeated occurrences scar the upper eyelid, eventually turning it inward. The eyelashes then scratch the cornea, leading to blindness. It is a gradual yet painful condition affecting the poorest of the poor. Though it has blinded about six million people worldwide, trachoma can now be controlled with a strategy called SAFE that combines treatment with prevention. The International Trachoma Initiative is dedicated to eliminating blinding trachoma by the year 2020.

3. FEATURES - Trachoma Information by Global Child Net. http://edie.cprost.sfu.ca/gcnet/ISS4-23c.html

How to prevent trachoma and blindness Trachoma attacks one person at a time. But it is a community disease. And it is the community that must make a commitment to treatment and control. Over the last decade, local communities and national governments have worked with NGOs and international agencies such as the WHO and UNICEF to develop the tools to prevent blindness from trachoma. The methods are simple, and materials have been developed to train health workers in all the necessary techniques and procedures. Prevention Community members can prevent trachoma and its transmission. Environmental changes, such as better access to water and improved sanitation facilities, will make a difference. Even simple practices such as regular face washing can help win the fight against trachoma. In villages in Tanzania and Egypt where face washing has increased, for example, there is less trachoma than in areas where face washing is still uncommon. Health education will also make a difference. In Tanzania and Kenya, health workers are supporting efforts to increase face washing. Local volunteers demonstrate how to wash a child's face with a small amount of water, using a gourd, pitcher, or a leaky tin. School children learn about the importance of washing their own faces, as well as the faces of their younger brothers and sisters. In Tanzania, students have written plays and songs about face washing. Trachoma control works best when the whole village learns about the disease. In village meetings, those who know how to prevent trachoma are showing their neighbors that blindness does not have to remain a "fact of life."

4. FEATURES - Trachoma Find out about this infectious disease of eye that causes blindness. Includes world map of areas most affected by this condition and links. World's leading preventable cause of blindness. trachoma is a 'quiet' disease. http://edie.cprost.sfu.ca/gcnet/ISS4-23a.html

Trachoma World's leading preventable cause of blindness Trachoma is a 'quiet' disease. It remains hidden in rural communities where people live in overcrowded conditions and have limited access to water and health care. Because the disease is not fatal, some people are not concerned about it. In fact, the disease is so common in certain areas that people believe it is just a fact of life. But for a woman who is slowly going blind, just like her mother did before her, it is a tragedy she will live with for the rest of her life. Trachoma spreads easily from person to person. Caused by a bacterium called chlamydia trachomatis, the disease is passed from child to child and child to mother within a family. Mothers of young children are particularly susceptible. In fact, three out of every four people blinded by trachoma are women. When people get trachoma, they do not go blind immediately. The disease begins in childhood and progresses over the years as repeated infections cause irritation and scarring on the inside of the eyelid. Eventually the eyelashes turn in, rubbing on the cornea at the front of the eye. The scarring on the cornea leads to severe vision loss and blindness, usually when people are 40 to 50 years old. Tweezers, often used to remove painful inturned eyelashes, are so important that they are sometimes worn around the neck. Removing eyelashes, however, is at best only a temporary measure, because eyelashes grow back.

5. Trachoma trachoma. The trachoma department deals with the leading cause of preventable blindness, which first makes itself known http://www.hki.org/programs/trachoma.html

HKW Contact Us Jump to... Programs Regions Support Materials Diseases/Causes What's New Publications Home Programs Programs Section: Eye Health Health and Nutrition Onchocerciasis Trachoma Training and Education Trachoma www.trachomahki.org Since trachoma is spread through a cycle of infection and re-infection, often from mother to child and back again, its long-term elimination as a public health threat is dependent on preventive measures. Basic facial hygiene using small quantities of clean water is the first means of combating trachoma. This seems like a simple task, but in many communities, it requires extra effort since water is in short supply. In many cases, people must walk a great distance just to obtain water. In 1997 the World Health Organization invited Helen Keller International to play a major role in the Global Alliance for the Elimination of Trachoma as a Cause of Blindness by the Year 2020, or "GET 2020." The international strategy for GET 2020 is based on four activities field-tested by Helen Keller International among others and grouped under the acronym SAFE: Surgery, Antibiotics, Clean Faces and Environmental Change. Since that time, Helen Keller International has continued to execute trachoma control projects in the Africa and Asia/Pacific regions where it is most prevalent. These projects include many creative and groundbreaking health interventions including women’s literacy projects, school health initiatives and information technology strategies.

6. WHO Alliance For The Global Elimination Of Trachoma Elimination of blinding trachoma from the globe by the year 2020. http://www.who.int/pbd/trachoma/pressrel.htm

INTERNATIONAL ALLIANCE FOR THE G lobal E limination of blinding T rachoma E limination M ondiale du T rachome cécitant Visit counter visits Introduction EB 101 resolution english french WHA 51 resolution english french Trachoma grading WHO Alliance slide show english french Trachoma poster COUNTRY PROFILES DBASE Lists: Countries and collaborating NGDOs Documents: Alliance meeting reports: Workshop reports: Geneva, Cambridge, Bamako, Kunming Publications: MAP To e-mail the WHO Alliance follow this link: Updated: Dec 24 19:48:31 2000

7. HealthlinkUSA Trachoma Links The Latest EMail News On trachoma. Sign up to receive free e-mail on the latest developments and treatment options for http://www.healthlinkusa.com/Trachoma.html

8. Trachoma Brief, technical clinical definition. Leading cause of blindness worldwide, and afflicts over 400 million people; preventable with adequate diet, proper sanitation, and education. http://www.spedex.com/resource/documents/veb/trachoma.html

TRACHOMA DESCRIPTION: A form of bilateral keratoconjunctivitis which causes corneal scarring; at its onset, it resembles conjunctivitis with symptoms of tearing, photophobia, pain, swelling of the eyelids, and superior keratitis; as it passes through four stages, the conjunctival tissues become follicular, heal, and finally scar. Lacrimal glands and ducts are often affected as well; the upper lid may turn inward and the lashes then abrade the cornea; corneal ulceration results, becomes infected, and ultimately scars. When scarring is extensive, blindness results. The disease is spread by contact; flies and gnats may also transmit it. TREATMENT: If treated early (with antibiotics, usually tetracycline drugs or sulfonamides), the prognosis is excellent. Untreated, it can cause blindness. IMPLICATIONS: This disease is one the earliest recorded eye diseases; it was identified as early as the 27th century B.C. It is the leading cause of blindness worldwide, and afflicts over 400 million people (primarily in underdeveloped countries in Africa, the Middle East, and Asia). It is preventable with adequate diet, proper sanitation, and education. It is rare in the United States. Back to Contents or Back to SpEdEx Home

9. TRACHOMA: Introduction The World Health Organization (WHO) will lead an international alliance of interestedparties to work for the global elimination of trachoma an infectious http://www.who.int/pbd/trachoma/introd.htm

INTRODUCTION The World Health Organization (WHO) will lead an international alliance of interested parties to work for the global elimination of trachoma - an infectious disease responsible, at present, for at least 15% of the world's blindness. Worldwide, there are about 6 million people largely irreversibly blinded by trachoma, and an estimated 146 million cases of active disease in need of treatment, if blindness is to be prevented. The alliance is expected to support and to collaborate with WHO in carrying out essential activities such as epidemiological assessment, including rapid assessment and mapping, project implementation, coordination, and monitoring, disease surveillance, project evaluation and resource mobilization. It is open to all parties - governments, international organizations and nongovernmental organizations - which are willing and ready to contribute to international efforts. International efforts to eliminate trachoma as a blinding disease will be based on the WHO-developed strategy - a combination of interventions known by the acronym " SAFE ", which stands for

10. Trachoma emphasize the importance of early diagnosis and treatment to prevent the progression of trachoma to blindness; http://www.wellcome.ac.uk/en/1/biosertmrtihdistra.html

Crosslinks Grants Science/Art Int. Health Genetics Quicklinks Courses Calendar Contacts Education Exhibitions Feedback Help Jobs Library Media Office MedPhoto Medhist psci-com Publications Index Site updates Tech Transfe You are here Home Biomedical science Other support TMR ... Titles Titles Contents ARI Diarrhoeal Diseases HIV/AIDS Leishmaniasis ... Sickle Cell Disease Trachoma Tuberculosis Trachoma Contents Trachoma Tut 1 Trachoma Tut 2 Trachoma Tut 3 Trachoma IC 1 ... Trachoma IC 3 Trachoma 4 interactive tutorials providing an introduction to the diagnosis, control, prevention and treatment of trachoma: clinical signs and grading; community assessment and control; trichiasis surgery, part I; trichiasis surgery, part II. The tutorials: emphasize the importance of early diagnosis and treatment to prevent the progression of trachoma to blindness; provide practical guidelines for examination, diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control in a community; describe surgery to correct trichiasis in areas where facilities may be limited; were produced in collaboration with the Edna McConnell Clark Foundation. Approximately 150 images , covering: aetiology;

11. NYC DOH CD Trachoma New York City Department of Health Bureau of Communicable Diseases What is trachoma? trachoma is an eye infection caused by the bacteria Chlamydia trachomatis. http://www.ci.nyc.ny.us/html/doh/html/cd/cdtrac.html

New York City Department of Health Bureau of Communicable Diseases Trachoma What is Trachoma? Trachoma is an eye infection caused by the bacteria Chlamydia trachomatis . Trachoma is extremely rare in the United States; there have been no cases in New York City in over 20 years. Who gets Trachoma? Mostly children, but trachoma also can occur in adults. Among adults, it is more frequent in women, presumably because of closer contact with children. How is Trachoma spread? By direct contact with discharges from the eye or nose of an infected person or indirectly by towels, clothes, or toilet articles contaminated with infected pus. The disease is often related to poor sanitation and poor personal hygiene. What are the symptoms of Trachoma? The disease usually begins abruptly with an inflamed conjunctiva ( outer lining of the eye ) and abundant discharges ( pus ). It produces keratoconjunctivitis (inflammation of the conjunctiva and the cornea) that is followed by conjunctival scarring. Scarring increases with the severity and duration of the disease. The infection may persist for a few years if left untreated. How soon after infection do symptoms appear?

12. ITI - TRACHOMA About trachoma trachoma is the world's leading cause of preventableblindness. trachoma affects the inner upper eyelid and cornea. http://www.trachoma.org/trachoma.asp

About Trachoma Trachoma is the world's leading cause of preventable blindness. Trachoma is caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis which can be spread easily by hands, clothing, or flies that have come in contact with discharge from the eyes or nose of an infected person. The disease generally occurs in poor countries where people have limited access to water and health care. Trachoma affects the inner upper eyelid and cornea. Children are especially susceptible to the early, inflammatory stage of the disease. Repeated infection leads to scarring, thickening of the conjunctiva, and distortion of the eyelid. The eyelashes begin to rub the eye, leading to corneal opacity and blindness, typically in adulthood. ( See the different stages of trachoma ) The Global Impact of Trachoma Trachoma has an immense impact, globally and in the communities where it is endemic. More than 10 percent of the world's population is at risk of blindness due to trachoma, which has incapacitated families and communities for decades in the poorest regions of Africa, Asia, and the Middle East and in some parts of Latin America and Australia. Trachoma currently blinds some six million people. Globally, the disease results in an estimated US $2.9 billion in lost productivity each year. Because the disease causes blindness in the most productive years of a person's life, trachoma can ruin the economic well being of entire families and communities. Women are two to three times more likely than men to be blinded by trachoma. A woman who becomes visually impaired because of the disease can no longer perform vital activities for her household, such as gathering firewood and cooking. To fill this gap, an older daughter may be taken out of school to assume those responsibilities, forgoing her opportunity to break the cycle of poverty with a formal education. If many adults in a village become blind from trachoma, an entire community may be debilitated. Without intervention, trachoma keeps families shackled to a cycle of poverty as vulnerability to the disease and its effects are passed from one generation to another.

13. TDS; Passports, Visas, Travel Documents - Angola Page All visitors over one year of age arriving from infected areas must have a yellow fever vaccination certificate. Hepatitis B, malaria, cholera, trachoma, schistosomiasis, river blindness, and sleeping sickness are all hazards. http://www.traveldocs.com/ao/tips.htm

Angola TRAVEL TIPS Health Precautions : All visitors over one year of age arriving from infected areas must have a yellow fever vaccination certificate. Hepatitis B, malaria, cholera, trachoma, schistosomiasis, river blindness, and sleeping sickness are all hazards. Tapwater is not potable. Sophisticated medical treatment is not available. Health requirements change; check latest information. Weather and clothing : Angola's climate is tropical, with wet and dry seasons that vary little in temperature. While it is very hot and rainy in the coastal region, temperatures in the inland areas are milder. Casual attire, safari suits are the norm in hot, humid climate. Telephone : When direct dialing to Angola from the U.S., dial 011(international access code) + 244 [country code] + local number, or use international operator. Informations : 112 (telephone numbers). Time : 1 hour ahead of Greenwich Mean Time. : The metric system is in use. Electric current: 220V Holidays : [1995] Jan 1 (New Year's Day), Feb 4 (Anniversary of the start of revolution against Portuguese rule), Mar 27 (Victory Day), Apr 14 (Youth Day), May 1 (Workers' Day), Aug 1 (Armed Forces Day), Sep 17 (National Hero's Day Dr. Agostinho Neto's birthday), Nov 11 (Independence Day), Dec 1 (Pioneers' Day), Dec 10 (Anniversary of Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola founding), Dec 25 (Christmas' Day). Tourist arrivals Tourist attractions : Cuanza River, national parks, coastline, wildlife,anthropology museum.

14. WHO Alliance For The Global Elimination Of Trachoma elimination of blinding trachoma from the globe by the year 2020 Global Elimination of blinding trachoma. Elimination Mondiale du Trachome cécitant http://www.who.ch/pbd/trachoma/pressrel.htm

INTERNATIONAL ALLIANCE FOR THE G lobal E limination of blinding T rachoma E limination M ondiale du T rachome cécitant Visit counter visits Introduction EB 101 resolution english french WHA 51 resolution english french Trachoma grading WHO Alliance slide show english french Trachoma poster COUNTRY PROFILES DBASE Lists: Countries and collaborating NGDOs Documents: Alliance meeting reports: Workshop reports: Geneva, Cambridge, Bamako, Kunming Publications: MAP To e-mail the WHO Alliance follow this link: Updated: Dec 24 19:48:31 2000

15. Trachoma; Treatment, Prevention, Cure trachomaSearch information from many of the best trachoma health sites. Clickhere to go to the next page of trachoma links 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Next http://www.healthlinkusa.com/content/314.html

Latest Health News Find Drug Information Health Calculators All Words Any Words A B C D ... Z Sunday, March 30, 2003 Alternative therapy struggles to bridge East-West divide Click here to read more Doctors are not following guidelines recommending flu and pneumonia vaccinations for hospitalized adults, leaving millions of elderly patients vulnerable to potentially deadly ailment Click here to read more A helping hand for uninsured; Agencies find ways to provide health care for area children Click here to read more The government has approved the first generic version of the acne drug, Accutane Click here to read more Gates to give India $100m for AIDS; Microsoft CEO begins controversy-laced trip to fight virus Click here to read more Allergies and Asthma Alternative Medicine Arthritis and Your Health ... Women's Health Monday March 31, 2003 Spina Bifida: Spina Bifida is a rare birth disorder, affecting approximately 1 in 12-1400 live births. Click here to learn more Craniosynostosis: Sagittal Synostosis...males are affected about three times as often as females. Click here to learn more Spinal Cord Injury: Acts of violence have now overtaken falls as the second most common source of spinal cord injury.

16. Antibiotics For Trachoma (Cochrane Review) All rights reserved. Antibiotics for trachoma (Cochrane Review). CitationMabey D, FraserHurt N. Antibiotics for trachoma (Cochrane Review). http://www.update-software.com/abstracts/ab001860.htm

From The Cochrane Library, Issue 1, 2003 Antibiotics for trachoma (Cochrane Review) Mabey D, Fraser-Hurt N ABSTRACT Order full review View and/or submit comments What's new in this issue Search abstracts ... About The Cochrane Library A substantive amendment to this systematic review was last made on 26 November 2001. Cochrane reviews are regularly checked and updated if necessary. Background: Trachoma is the world's leading cause of preventable blindness. In 1997 the World Health Organization launched an initiative on trachoma control based on the 'SAFE' strategy (surgery, antibiotics, facial cleanliness and environmental improvement). Objectives: The aim of this review is to assess the evidence supporting the antibiotic arm of the SAFE strategy by assessing the effects of antibiotics on both active trachoma (primary objective) and on Chlamydia trachomatis infection of the conjunctiva (secondary objective). Search strategy: We searched The Cochrane Controlled Trials Register - CENTRAL/CCTR, which contains the Cochrane Eyes and Vision Group specialised register (Cochrane Library Issue 3, 2001), MEDLINE (1966 to August 2001), and EMBASE (1980 to September 2001). We used the Science Citation Index to look for articles that cited the included studies. We searched the reference lists of identified articles and we contacted authors and experts for details of further relevant studies. Selection criteria: We included only randomised trials that satisfied either of two criteria: (a) trials in which topical or oral administration of an antibiotic was compared to placebo or no treatment in people with trachoma, (b) trials in which a topical antibiotic was compared with an oral antibiotic in people with trachoma. A subdivision of particular interest was of trials in which topical tetracycline/chlortetracycline was compared with oral azithromycin, as these are the two World Health Organization recommended treatments.

17. MEDLINEplus Medical Encyclopedia: Trachoma trachoma. Causes, incidence, and risk factors Return to top. trachomais caused by infection with the bacteria Chlamydiatrachomatis. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001486.htm

Skip navigation Medical Encyclopedia Other encyclopedia topics: A-Ag Ah-Ap Aq-Az B-Bk ... Z Trachoma Contents of this page: Illustrations Alternative names Definition Causes, incidence, and risk factors ... Prevention Illustrations Eye Alternative names Return to top Granular conjunctivitis; Egyptian ophthalmia Definition Return to top Trachoma is an eye infection caused by Chlamydia trachomatis which may result in chronic scarring and blindness if left untreated. Causes, incidence, and risk factors Return to top Trachoma is caused by infection with the bacteria Chlamydia trachomatis . It has an incubation period of 5 to 12 days and begins slowly as conjunctivitis (irritation near the eye, "pink eye"), which if untreated may become chronic and lead to scarring. If the eyelids are severely irritated, the eyelashes may turn in and rub against the cornea. This can cause eye ulcers, further scarring, visual loss, and even blindness Trachoma occurs worldwide primarily in rural settings in developing countries. It frequently affects children, although the consequences of scarring may not be evident until later in life. While trachoma is rare in the United States, certain populations marked by poverty, crowded living conditions, and/or poor hygiene are at higher risk for this illness. Trachoma is acquired via direct contact with eye or nose-throat secretions from affected individuals or by contact with inanimate objects which are contaminated with these secretions, such as towels or clothes. In addition, certain flies which have fed on these secretions can transmit trachoma.

18. Saving Sight - Treatable Causes - Trachoma torture? The nightmare of trachoma is the largest single cause of preventableblindness in the developing world. How to treat trachoma. It http://www.sightsavers.org.uk/sitefiles/savingsight/treatments/trachoma.htm

Find out how you can help Find out more about our work Could you cope if every time you blinked it was torture? The nightmare of trachoma is the largest single cause of preventable blindness in the developing world. This eye condition starts as irritating, recurrent infections which eventually cause the eyelids to turn inwards, so that they scratch the surface of the eye, painfully turning the sufferer blind with every blink. Six million people worldwide have already lost their sight to trachoma and many more are infected with the bacteria that spreads amongst the villages. This disease is related to the living standards in a community. Lack of water, crowding and unsanitary surroundings can all contribute to the problem. To see what life is like for someone suffering from trachoma meet Loveness and Filipina. This is a copy of our television ad - which is available in the QuickTime clicking here . The ad may take a while to download - if you do not want to wait for it to download please email your details to tvads@sightsavers.org

19. Our Progress - Trachoma As a way of ending the torture of trachoma, we have adopted the SAFEstrategy. For more information on trachoma click here. back. http://www.sightsavers.org.uk/html/yourmoney/html/trachoma.htm?formtype=creditca

20. Trachoma | Principal Health News . trachoma is a major cause of blindness in the world.......You are here Home Health A to Z trachoma. trachoma. Frey, RebeccaJ. http://www.principalhealthnews.com/topic/topic100587586

About This Site Registration FAQ Contact Us ... Site Awards You are here: Home Health A to Z Trachoma Trachoma Frey, Rebecca J. Below: Definition Description Causes and symptoms Diagnosis ... Resources Definition Trachoma, which is also called granular conjunctivitis or Egyptian ophthalmia, is a contagious, chronic inflammation of the mucous membranes of the eyes, caused by Chlamydia trachomatis . It is characterized by swelling of the eyelids, sensitivity to light, and eventual scarring of the conjunctivae and corneas of the eyes. Description Trachoma is a major cause of blindness in the world. It is found in the Far East, as well as countries with desert climates. In the United States, it is most common among certain Native Americans and in parts of Appalachia. The infection is highly contagious in its early stages. Blindness results from recurrent untreated infections. The conjunctiva is the clear mucous membrane that lines the inside of the eyelid and covers the white part (sclera) of the eye. Conjunctivitis is an inflammation of the conjunctiva. Causes and symptoms Trachoma is caused by C. trachomatis

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