21. The MAGIC Turner Syndrome Home Page Turner's Syndrome Division. Turner's Syndrome. Described Turner'sSyndrome occurs in 1 in 3,000 live female births. Approximately http://www.magicfoundation.org/turners.html

Division Consultant Robyn Brockhouse Turner Syndrome Homepage Home ... This Page The MAGIC Foundation for Children's Growth Chicago, Illinois Established in 1989 Turner's Syndrome Division Turner's Syndrome Described by Dr. Henry Turner in 1938 as manifested with short stature, webbed neck, cubitus Valgus and sexual infantilism. Grumbach used the term "gonadal dysgenesis" to describe the syndrome. Many girls may have distinctive characteristics, while some girls may show few. Turner's Syndrome occurs in 1 in 3,000 live female births. Approximately 98% of pregnancies with Turner's Syndrome abort spontaneously and approximately 10% of fetuses from pregnancies that have spontaneously aborted have Turner's Syndrome. The syndrome represents a wide spectrum of clinical presentation, the most common of which is the classic Turner's Syndrome with 45 XO karyotype, less common the Mosaic Turner's Syndrome with Mosaic sex chromosome Karyotypes 45, X/46, XX, 45, X/46, XY. Short stature is almost a consistent finding in Turner's Syndrome, the cause of which is multifactorial, including intrauterine growth retardation, gradual decline in height velocity in childhood, absence of pubertal growth spurt and to end organ resistance resulting from skeletal dysplasia. Patients with Turner's Syndrome have abnormal body proportions characterized by markedly shortened lower extremities. The ultimate height range is between 55 to 58 inches. Familial height may play a role in determining the ultimate height in girls with Turner's Syndrome

22. HGF - Turner Syndrome and photos. turner syndrome. INTRODUCTION. There normal females. The commonname for this condition is turner syndrome, after Dr. Turner. A http://www.hgfound.org/turner.html

Note: The hardcopy of the booklet contains additional diagrams and photos. Turner Syndrome INTRODUCTION There are many possible reasons why a child may grow slowly, including: hereditary factors (short parents), diseases affecting the kidneys; heart, lungs or intestines; hormone imbalances; severe stress or emotional deprivation; infections in the womb before birth; bone diseases; and genetic or chromosomal abnormalities. The purpose of this booklet is to examine one of the common genetic disorders associated with short stature. In 1938, Dr. Henry Turner recognized a pattern of short stature and incomplete sexual maturation in otherwise normal females. The common name for this condition is Turner syndrome, after Dr. Turner. A syndrome is a set of features often found in association with each other and believed to stem from the same cause. Turner syndrome is a genetic disorder that results from an abnormality of a chromosome. Chromosomes are thin strands of material found in the nucleus of each cell. They contain the genes that determine each person's characteristics. Every individual has 22 pairs of chromosomes and 1 pair of sex chromosomes (called X and Y). The sex chromosomes determine whether an individual is male or female; they influence height as well as development of sexual organs. A female ordinarily has 2 X chromosomes, while a male has one X and one Y chromosome.

23. Rare Genetic Diseases: Coping With Turner Syndrome turner syndrome causes short stature amongst other difficulties. Few rare RareGenetic Diseases Coping With turner syndrome. turner syndrome http://www.living-with-turner-syndrome.com/

What’s in this site? Living Tall Focusing on abilities rather than disabilities of Turner children. Meeting Challenges Additional challenges for Turner adolescents. Taking Charge Living independently as a Turner adult. Rare Genetic Diseases: Coping With Turner Syndrome Turner Syndrome is one of the rare genetic diseases that affect only women. It is caused either by a damaged X chromosome, or often the complete absence of the chromosome. Typical Turner Syndrome symptoms include short stature, a webbed neck and an absence of secondary sexual characteristics. Girls born with Turner Syndrome have to live with many setbacks. Short stature, low ears, webbed necks: all of these can lead to low self-esteem and alienation from their peer group. Watching all your friends go through puberty, developing breasts and other secondary sex characteristics while you don't is a highly stressful experience. Turner-Syndrome.com explains the causes and symptoms of Turner Syndrome in greater detail. Living with Turner Syndrome This site is about living with Turner Syndrome on a day-to-day basis. It's for girls who have Turner's and are trying to make sense of it, but it's also for grown women with Turner Syndrome, and for parents who want to help their daughters deal with this challenging and complicated disease. It's for those living with Turner's who want to meet the challenges of the disease and take the reins in life.

24. Turner Syndrome And Genetic Discrimination Many turner syndrome women endure genetic discrimination, including people pressuringthem into not having fertility testing thinking the disease will pass http://www.living-with-turner-syndrome.com/html/taking_charge.php3

What’s in this site? Living Tall Focusing on abilities rather than disabilities of Turner children. Meeting Challenges Additional challenges for Turner adolescents. Taking Charge Living independently as a Turner adult. Turner Syndrome: Adult Issues By the time you're 21 years old, you know all the short jokes and the witty comebacks. You've learned to live life as a short person, to adapt to your special needs and to move around in an adult world. Some of the issues that concern adult women with Turner's include their future as a wife and mother. Often, women with Turner's take estrogen to ensure the development of secondary sexual characteristics and to safeguard against the bone loss that leads to osteoporosis. If you've undergone fertility testing, you may be disappointed with the results. But modern science increases the odds that you can become pregnant and carry a baby to term. If you're married, ask your doctor about your options. Schedule fertility testing first; you may be among those women with Turner Syndrome for whom hormone replacement therapy will work well. Once you become a mother, your good health will be an even higher priority. Your child needs you. Make sure you visit your physician regularly for heart, kidney, and thyroid checks.

25. Justin's Home Page Hi there, thanks for visiting my home page. I have dedicated this page to my family, special my daughter who has turner syndrome, therefore you will find a lot of information About turner syndrome here at my page. http://home6.inet.tele.dk/justin/explore.htm

Justin's Home page Hi there, thanks for visiting my home page. I have dedicated this page to my family, special my daughter who has Turner Syndrome, therefore you will find a lot of information About Turner Syndrome here at my page. My name is Justin i am 26 years old and living together with my girlfriend Bettina(25 years) and our little daughter Natascha (10 months old) We live in Denmark in a town called Viborg in Jylland. I like to play with Computers, read books and watch a good movie, Bettina like to read a good book, or watch a movie. We like to walk long trips with Natascha, play with her, she loves when we crawl after her, and be lifted up over our head and down again, she likes our food, so we can never eat our dinner for ourselves, she still like too wakes up in the night, just to get a little attention, and that's not so funny anymore. Below are there some links to Turner Syndrome page, and other pages i like. Pages about Turner Syndrome The Rooyal Danish Famiy The Danish Weather, also in English Shubidua a danish rockband, there are samples to hear

26. MEDLINEplus Medical Encyclopedia: Turner Syndrome turner syndrome. Causes, incidence, and risk factors Return to topturner syndrome is usually caused by a missing X chromosome. It http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000379.htm

Skip navigation Medical Encyclopedia Other encyclopedia topics: A-Ag Ah-Ap Aq-Az B-Bk ... Z Turner syndrome Contents of this page: Illustrations Alternative names Definition Causes, incidence, and risk factors ... Prevention Illustrations Pectus excavatum Alternative names Return to top Bonnevie-Ullrich syndrome; Gonadal dysgenesis; Monosomy X Definition Return to top A disorder in women caused by a chromosomal defect. This disorder inhibits sexual development and causes infertility Causes, incidence, and risk factors Return to top Turner syndrome is usually caused by a missing X chromosome. It affects 1 out of 3,000 live births. It is usually sporadic meaning that it is not inherited from a parent. Rarely, a parent silently carries rearranged chromosomes that can result in Turner syndrome in a daughter; this is the only situation in which Turner syndrome is inherited. There are many manifestations of this syndrome, but the main features are short stature , webbing of the skin of the neck, absent or retarded development of secondary sexual characteristics, absence of menstruation, coarctation (narrowing) of the aorta, and abnormalities of the eyes and bones. The condition is either diagnosed at birth because of the associated anomalies, or at puberty when there is absent or delayed menses and delayed development of normal secondary sexual characteristics. Symptoms Return to top short stature webbed neck low hairline in back abnormal eye features ( drooping of eyelids abnormal bone development, for example a 'shield-shaped', broad, flat chest

27. Turner Syndrome Association Of Australia Limited http://www.turnersyndrome.org.au/

28. NORD - Turner Syndrome Offers alternative names, a general discussion and further resources. http://www.stepstn.com/cgi-win/nord.exe?proc=GetDocument&rectype=0&recnu

29. Turner Syndrome Association Of Australia If you know someone who has contributed to turner syndrome in an outstanding way,then have a look at the Mandy Award and nominate them for this very special http://www.turnersyndrome.org.au/events/internationalconference/

The 2003 International Conference The 2003 International Turner Syndrome Conference The International Conference will be held in Sydney, New South Wales on 10, 11, 12 and 13 of July 2003. It will be held in the city area and a number of accomodation options will be available to you. We have ensured that accommodation will be within walking distance of the conference venue. On Thursday 10 July we will be offering an optional "Welcome to Sydney" bus tour, and in the evening the Welcome Reception will be held. Already we are receiving enquiries from around the world, and we look forward to welcoming our overseas friends to Australia. We would also like to encourage everyone from around Australia to participate in this very special event. If you know someone who has contributed to Turner Syndrome in an outstanding way, then have a look at the Mandy Award and nominate them for this very special award.

30. Turner Support Group, National University Hospital For patients with turner syndrome and their families, combined with the pharmaceutical company Serono Singapore Pte. Ltd. to coorganise biannual meetings and parties for the group. http://www.med.nus.edu.sg/paed/tsgweb/tsg.html

TURNER SUPPORT GROUP - HOME Like this site? Sign our guestbook! View our guestbook! Sound off in our new Forum! What's New Latest News Newsletter Links Last updated 28 April 2001 Latest News Turner Support Group spent a wonderful morning at the Singapore Botanic Gardens on 23 June 2001. Full story The Turner Support Group met recently for a hike up Bukit Timah Hill, and what a hike it was! The group consisted of not only the girls themselves, but their families as well, not forgetting A/Prof. Loke Kah Yin and Dr. Lee Yung Seng, and several kind volunteers. [ Full story We have a new newsletter! Yes, the Turner Support Group has a publication entitled Turner-Link, specially compiled twice a year for girls with Turner Syndrome and their families. So far, 3 issues have been released, and they are available online. [ View issues Our last meeting took place on 15 July 2000, at the Hotel Grand Plaza. We had Ms. Denyse Tessensohn share with us the finer points of social and table etiquette, which was highly enjoyable and very enlightening. [ Full story Turner-Link What would you like to see in Turner-Link?

31. Turner Syndrome A description of this disorder followed by links to further resources. http://www.genomelink.org/turner

32. National Library Of Medicine Offers synonyms for turner syndrome, a summary and a list of major features. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/jablonski/syndrome_cgi?term=Turner syndrome (TS)&

33. Turner Syndrome Research turner syndrome Research. What is turner syndrome? Turner social hypersensitivity;poor peer relations. What causes turner syndrome? Turner http://www-cap.stanford.edu/research/syndromes_disorders/turner/

Turner Syndrome Research What is Turner syndrome? Turner syndrome (45XO) is a genetic disorder that occurs only in females and arises from partial or complete absence of the X chromosome. H.H.Turner first described Turner syndrome in 1938 (Turner, 1938) and the chromosomal basis of this syndrome was established in 1959 (Ford et al. 1959). Turner syndrome occurs in 1 in 2500 female births. The physical phenotype (Lippe 1991, Rosenfield et al. 1990, Park et al. 1983) of this syndrome include: gonadal dysgenesis lack of pubertal maturation infertility short stature shield chest webbing of the neck coarctation of the aorta horseshoe kidney The neurocognitive profile of females with Turner syndrome includes: preserved verbal skills specific deficits in visuo-spatial tasks, visual memory, and arithmetic The psychosocial profile of females with Turner syndrome includes: difficulty with school adjustment and facial affect recognition social hypersensitivity poor peer relations What causes Turner Syndrome?

34. Functional Imaging In Turner Syndrome Functional Imaging in turner syndrome. Various experiments subjects performin the scanner assess Visuospatial skills; Response inhibition; http://www-cap.stanford.edu/research/syndromes_disorders/turner/functional.html

Functional Imaging in Turner Syndrome Various experiments subjects perform in the scanner assess: Visuospatial skills Response inhibition Error monitoring Visual memory Verbal memory Semantic / language tasks For more information on these tasks, see the main Functional Neuroimaging Research page Behavioral Measures To establish the neurocognitive profile, psychologists from the BNRC conduct individualized assessments with volunteers. Upon request, a research report summarizing the results of the cognitive assessment can be provided to each family. We use standard neurocognitive assessments that examine overall executive functioning, visuo-spatial skills, error-monitoring, and verbal skills. Turner Syndrome Research Functional Imaging Structural Imaging People Volunteering

35. The Contact A Family Directory - TURNER SYNDROME printer friendly, turner syndrome, and occupational achievements. TURNERSYNDROME SUPPORT SOCIETY (UK). turner syndrome Support Society http://www.cafamily.org.uk/Direct/t48.html

printer friendly TURNER SYNDROME home more about us in your area conditions information ... how you can help search this site Turner Syndrome: Bonnevie-Ullrich: gonadal dysgenesis (XO): MonosomyX: Turner-Ullrich: XO Syndrome Turner syndrome is a chromosomal condition affecting 1 in 2,5 00 girls where the second X chromosome is absent or abnormal. It is one of the most common chromosomal disorders. The diagnosis is confirmed by examination of chromosomes from the blood cells (Karyotype). Sometimes the second X chromosome is missing from, or abnormal in, only some cells in the body, but not all. This is referred to as Turner mosaicism. Turner Syndrome is generally characterised by short stature and non functioning ovaries, usually leading to the absence of pubertal development and infertility. Though growth hormone secretion is nearly always normal the treatment with growth hormone has demonstrated an increase in growth rate, sometimes with the additional use of oxandrolone. At an appropriate age girls are given oestrogen for the development of secondary sexual characteristics and the introduction of regular uterine withdrawal bleeds, which is important to keep the uterus healthy. Physical features associated with Turner syndrome may include Coarctation of the aorta, webbing of the neck, wide spaced nipples and puffy hands and feet. Sleeping and feeding difficulties may occur in early childhood and though intelligence spans the normal range there can be learning and behavioural difficulties, which benefit from appropriate support and the diligence of the girls themselves.

36. Turner Syndrome turner syndrome resources, national and international support groups, clinics withgenetic counselors and geneticists. turner syndrome (45,X and variants ). http://169.147.169.1/gec/support/turner.html

Turner Syndrome ( 45,X and variants Turner Syndrome Society of the United States 14450 T.C. Jester, Suite 260 Houston, TX 77014 USA Phone: 800.365.9944 or 832.249.9988 Fax: 832.249.9987 Website: www.turner-syndrome-us.org Turner Syndrome Organizations Worldwide Chapters and Support Groups Brochure , 2002 (.pdf) Camps for individuals with Turner Syndrome Camp for 12-18 year-olds with Turner Syndrome , Gunnison, Colorado, August, 1998, 1999 Turner Syndrome Society of Kansas City (KS / MO) Canada Turner Syndrome Society of Canada 7777 Keele St, Fl 2 Concord ON, CN L4K 1Y7 Phone: (800) 465-6744 or (416) 660-7766 Fax: (416) 660-7450 or Sandi Hofbauer, Exec. Dir. 814 Glencairn Ave Toronto, Ont. M6B 2A3 Canada Tel: 800 465-6744 (Canada and USA) or 416-781-2086 Fax: 416-781-7245 Australia Turner Syndrome Association of Australia Limited P.O. Box 112 Frenchs Forest, N.S.W., Australia 2086 E-mail: turnersyn@syd.net.au Victorian Turner's Syndrome Association Inc. 31 Price Street Essenden, Victoria, Australia 3040

37. EMedicine - Turner Syndrome : Article By Daniel Postellon, MD turner syndrome In 1938, Henry Turner first described turner syndrome, whichis one of the most common chromosomal abnormalities. turner syndrome. http://www.emedicine.com/PED/topic2330.htm

(advertisement) Home Specialties CME PDA ... Patient Education Articles Images CME Patient Education Advanced Search Link to this site Back to: eMedicine Specialties Pediatrics Genetics And Metabolic Disease Turner Syndrome Last Updated: March 14, 2003 Rate this Article Email to a Colleague Synonyms and related keywords: 45 X karyotype, Bonnevie-Ullrich syndrome, gonadal dysgenesis, monosomy X AUTHOR INFORMATION Section 1 of 11 Author Information Introduction Clinical Differentials ... Bibliography Author: Daniel Postellon, MD , Associate Professor, Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, DeVos Children's Hospital and Michigan State University Daniel Postellon, MD, is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Pediatrics American Diabetes Association , and Lawson-Wilkins Pediatric Endocrine Society Editor(s): Ian Krantz, MD , Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania and Children's Hospital of Philadelphia; Robert Konop, PharmD , Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacy, Section of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Minnesota;

38. EMedicine - Turner Syndrome : Article Excerpt By: Daniel Postellon, MD turner syndrome In 1938, Henry Turner first described turner syndrome,which is one of the most common chromosomal abnormalities. http://www.emedicine.com/ped/byname/turner-syndrome.htm

(advertisement) Excerpt from Turner Syndrome Synonyms, Key Words, and Related Terms: 45 X karyotype, Bonnevie-Ullrich syndrome, gonadal dysgenesis, monosomy X Please click here to view the full topic text: Turner Syndrome Background: In 1938, Henry Turner first described Turner syndrome, which is one of the most common chromosomal abnormalities. More than 95% of adult women with Turner syndrome exhibit short stature and infertility. Pathophysiology: Turner syndrome is caused by the absence of one set of genes from the short arm of one X chromosome. In patients with 45 X karyotype, about two thirds are missing the paternal X chromosome. In addition to monosomy X, a similar clinical picture is found with a 46 XXiq karyotype and in some individuals with mosaic karyotypes. A deletion of the SHOX gene can cause an identical phenotype and also may be considered as a variety of Turner syndrome. Frequency: In the US: Frequency is approximately 1 in 2,000 live-born female infants. As many as 15% of spontaneous abortions have a 45 X karyotype. Internationally: Incidence is the same as for the US. No known ethnic or racial factors influence frequency.

39. MoSt GeNe/Genetic Drift/Management Of Common Genetic Disorders Management of Common Genetic Disorders Vol. 16 Summer, 1998. turner syndrome. However,turner syndrome is not associated with advanced maternal age. http://www.mostgene.org/gd/gdvol16g.htm

Previous Section This Issue- Table of Contents Next Section Management of Common Genetic Disorders Vol. 16: Summer, 1998 Turner Syndrome Introduction Turner syndrome is a condition in females characterized by short stature, gonadal dysgenesis, and a variety of other major and minor anomalies due to the lack of a normal second sex chromosome. It is the most common female sex chromosome abnormality, occurring in approximately 1/2500 female live births. The remaining X chromosome is maternally inherited in two-thirds of girls with a 45,X karyotype. However, Turner syndrome is not associated with advanced maternal age. Several cytogenetic abnormalities occur in Turner syndrome including 45,X, mosaicism with other cell lines, structural abnormalities of the second X chromosome, and/or cryptic Y mosaicism. Mosaicism for a normal cell line can be demonstrated in approximately 70% of Turner syndrome individuals. Low level mosaicism may be necessary for fetal survival since 1-2% of all conceptuses are 45,X but 99% of these abort spontaneously. Fifteen percent of spontaneous abortions have a 45,X karyotype. Girls with a 45,X karyotype should have a sufficient number of cells analyzed to evaluate for low level mosaicism, and the use of fluorescent in situ hybridization using Y chromosome probes should be considered in the presence of a marker chromosome, ambiguous genitalia at birth, or virilization at puberty. There is a 15-25% risk of gonadoblastoma or dysgerminoma if Y chromosome material is present and, therefore, prophylactic gonadectomy is recommended by 6 years in these girls.

40. Turner Syndrome turner syndrome. turner syndrome (TS) is a disorder that may be difficultto diagnose clinically. This syndrome is caused by the http://www.southalabama.edu/genetics/turn.htm

Turner Syndrome Turner Syndrome (TS) is a disorder that may be difficult to diagnose clinically. This syndrome is caused by the complete or partial absence of one of the two X chromosomes normally found in females. The diagnosis is made by doing a specialized chromosome test. Without proof that the person has a abnormal X chromosome, another condition may be present (Noonan sydrome). Another reason for chromosome studies in ALL patients suspected of TS is to search for a Y chromosome. If present, further important preventative steps may be indicated. Early and long term coordinated and multidisciplinary care is very important for TS patients. Specialized teams composed of an endrocrinologist, medical geneticist, pediatrician, educators and others is highly recommended. More... Some Key Features ... Short stature Webbed neck Flat or shield-like chest Widely spaced nipples Immature ovaries Our team suggests ... Consulting a clinical geneticist Specialized long term follow up is essential for anticipatory and preventive health care Additional Information ...

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