Geometry.Net - Health_Conditions: Antiphospholipid Syndrome

Antiphospholipid Syndrome
A case study as well as indepth look at this disease discussing treatment, diagnosis, ocular and Category Health Conditions and Diseases antiphospholipid syndromeantiphospholipid syndrome. by Erik Letko, MD. Note that there are no longerany vitreous opacities. Discussion antiphospholipid syndrome.
http://www.uveitis.org/Enhanced/MD_info/antiphospholipid_syndrome.htm

Extractions: Antiphospholipid Syndrome by Erik Letko, M.D. Harvard Medical School Boston, MA CC Blurry vision, headaches. HPI: A 55 year old woman complained of blurry vision in both eyes and headaches. The patient consulted her ophthalmologist who treated her Pred Forte and Atropine eye drops into both eyes without improvement. ROS: Hypertension, migraine, thyroid gland dysfunction, spastic colitis, colon polyps, anemia, recurrent UTIs, chlamydia, chills, fever, night sweat, fatigue, malaise, dizziness, paresthesia, alopecia, myalgia, arthralgia. Examination Visual acuity: 20/40 OD and 20/25 OS IOP: normal SLE: no conjunctival injection, one old keratic precipitate, 1/2+ flare and trace cells in the anterior chamber, 1+ posterior subcapsular cataract, 1/2+ vitreous cells, cell clumps adhered to the vitreous fibrils. Figure 5. Fundus photograph of retinal periphery showing dot/blot hemorrhages. Assessment Uveitis OU Dot/blot hemorrhages OU Cataract OU Plan Work up of uveitis Fluorescein angiography OU Rule out underlying systemic disease Consider treatment Work-up Her work-up was significant for elevated levels of cholesterol, light density lipoproteins, triglycerides, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C reactive protein, and anticardiolipin antibodies IgG and IgA. Urine analysis showed 4+ proteinuria, positive leukocyte esterase, bacteria, and presence of white blood cells. Fluorescein angiography showed vitreous opacity in both eyes and intraretinal dot/blot hemorrhage in OD.
July 1996 - SMJ: Antiphospholipid Syndrome...
Case study of a 32 year old woman who came to a hospital at 36 weeks pregnancy.
http://www.sma.org/smj/96jul20.htm

Extractions: Howard Fuchs, MD, Nashville, Tenn ABSTRACT: Antiphospholipid antibodies have been associated with thrombosis, fetal wasting, and thrombocytopenia. We discuss a case of antiphospholipid syndrome with the rarely recognized presentation of generalized tonic-clonic seizure during pregnancy. This case emphasizes the need for evaluation of possible hypercoagulable states in young adults with cerebrovascular events or newly diagnosed seizures. Autoantibodies found in the antiphospholipid syndrome may have specificity for cardiolipin or interfere with in vitro coagulation. Anticardiolipin antibodies (aCLs) can be measured directly by quantitative assay; lupus anticoagulant (LA) must be detected indirectly by prolonged partial thromboplastin time (PTT), kaolin clotting time, or Russell's viper venom test (RVVT). Lupus anticoagulant and aCLs bind negatively charged or neutral phospholipids1; they have been found in patients with and without associated autoimmune disease, most notably with systemic lupus erythematosus.2 These polyclonal antibodies have become a subject of interest in the medical literature because their presence has been associated with increased risk of vascular occlusion. Antiphospholipid syndrome is commonly associated with arterial or venous thrombosis, cardiac valvular abnormalities, fetal wasting, thrombocytopenia, or cerebrovascular events.3 One report also proposed an association between the presence of LA and late-onset seizures.4 Our case shows a link between seizures, cerebral infarction, and LA.
Antiphospholipid Syndrome
A look at antiphospholipid syndrome, what it is, problems it can cause, if it can be prevented, how Category Health Conditions and Diseases antiphospholipid syndromeantiphospholipid syndrome. What is it? antiphospholipid syndrome (APS)is the name given to a disease which involves the immune system.
http://www.womens-health.co.uk/antiphos.htm

Extractions: What is it? Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is the name given to a disease which involves the immune system. Normally antibodies are good and they help fight germs or viral infections from outside, however, occasionally the immune system makes the wrong kind - a type that acts against the body itself. These unusual auto-antibodies in APS are detected by a blood test and when they are present make a person more likely to get specific problems. APS doesn't make you feel unwell or stop your immune system from working to fight disease. You can't catch it or give it to someone else and it certainly isn't a terminal disease or anything like that. Many people go throughout life without even knowing their body makes these antibodies. Its just that there's more chance of certain problems. Sometimes APS is associated with a disease called systemic lupus erythematosis (SLE). Your doctor will have tested for this. It is only recently that these antibodies were discovered and their significance understood, so the information available is somewhat limited, but more research is being carried out on this all the time. We still don't know exactly how the antibodies bring about the effects described below, although we have some good ideas.
Antiphospholipid Syndrome MEDSTUDENTS-RHEUMATOLOGY
A review about antiphospholipid syndrome, giving most importance on its clinical features, diagnosis Category Health Conditions and Diseases antiphospholipid syndromeantiphospholipid syndrome A review giving most importance on its clinical features,diagnosis and management. RHEUMATOLOGY. antiphospholipid syndrome.
http://www.medstudents.com.br/reumat/reumat2.htm

Extractions: Rheumatology Resident Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital / The Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Medstudents' Homepage The antiphospholipid syndrome is defined as a clinical disorder with recurrent arterial and venous thrombotic events, pregnancy wastage and/or thrombocytopenia in the presence of the lupus anticoagulant and/or moderate to high positive anticardiolipin test. Both a primary form, in patients without clinically or serologically evident autoimune disorders, and a secondary form, usually in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, are recognized. This separation is solely for academical purposes. A)Thrombosis Thrombosis may be present in small, medium, or large venous or arterial sites. The presentation is episodic and unpredictable. Venous thrombosis of a leg or arm, renal vein thrombosis, the Budd-Chiari syndrome, pulmonary embolism, Addisons disease, retinal , sagital, pelvic, mesenteric, portal and axillary vein thrombosis have all been described. When an arterial site is involved, the manifestations may vary between the clinical features of a stroke or transient ischemic attack. When other arterial vascular beds are affected, such as the retinal, coronary, brachial, mesenteric, renal (interlobular arteries, arterioles and glomerular capillaries) and dermal arterioles, the clinical presentations are directly related to involved site. B)Pregnancy Loss
Antiphospholipid Syndrome
antiphospholipid syndrome is characterized by the clots in the blood vessels, recurrent miscarriages, and a low number of blood platelets. antiphospholipid syndrome. antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is characterized by the following
http://healthlink.mcw.edu/article/921732376.html

Extractions: Subscribe now >> Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is characterized by the following: Patients with APS also may experience symptoms of stroke such as transient ischemic attacks (TIAs). APS is diagnosed based on the above clinical manifestations and on laboratory test results. A blood sample is analyzed for the presence of antibodies that react with naturally occurring proteins complexed (bound together) with phospholipids. These are called antiphospholipid antibodies or anticardiolipin antibodies (cardiolipin is one type of phospholipid used in lab tests). Sometimes these antibodies are called lupus anticoagulants when clotting assays (a testing method) are used for their detection. The way in which these antibodies cause clinical problems is not well understood. Patients with APS may develop systemic lupus erythematosus, an autoimmune disorder (where antibodies fight against the body's own tissue); these patients should be followed periodically by a doctor who specializes in rheumatology. However, not all APS patients develop lupus. The tendency to have autoimmune disorders is inherited, but APS is not necessarily inherited. It is anticipated that continuing research will reveal more about the disease and lead to a greater understanding of all aspects of APS.
UMHS - Antiphospholipid Syndrome
antiphospholipid syndrome
http://www.med.umich.edu/1libr/topics/hemo02.htm

Extractions: Antiphospholipid Syndrome Antiphospholipid Syndrome is a disorder in which the blood clotting system begins to form blood clots in the veins or arteries without obvious reason. The symptoms of Antiphospholipid Syndrome include blood clots (thromboses) in leg or arm veins and/or arteries; blood clots which travel to the lungs (pulmonary emboli); sudden loss of vision; occasional episodes of numbness, tingling, or weakness in the face or limbs; stroke; seizures; and recurrent miscarriages. All of these symptoms are the result of blood clots occurring in small to medium sized blood vessels. Most people affected with this disorder have only one or two of any of these symptoms. They are however at risk for developing additional symptoms if not treated appropriately or monitored by a physician knowledgeable about the disorder. What causes the blood to clot too easily in Antiphospholipid Syndrome?
Antiphospholipid Syndrome
Neuroland Neurology information for physicians health professionals Search NeuroLand
http://www.neuroland.com/cvd/aps.htm

Extractions: Neuro Med Primary APS: no underlying systemic disorder Secondary APS: presence of an underlying disease, most commonly SLE. Antiphospholipid antibody: two main groups. Lupus anticoagulants (LA): dRVVT used as both a screening and confirmatory test. It is a sensitive assay, provides accurate results during pregnancy. A prolonged dRVVT may be better than other tests for predicting arterial thrombosis. Anticardiolipin antibodies (ACA): Predictive value probably rises with the titer. Both IgG and IgM ACA may carry a risk, the correlation seems to be stronger with IgG antibodies. A mild increase involve very little risk. No direct correlation between the concentration of antibodies and extent of thrombosis. Whether elevated cardiolipin, phosphatidylserine, or phosphatidylethanolamine antibodies are a cause of stroke or are only a marker of the presence of other precursors of stroke remains unknown. Associated laboratory abnormalities: may include a prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time, false-positive VDRL, elevated ANA, ESR, thrombocytopenia.
Mycoplasma Penetrans Bacteremia And Primary Antiphospholipid Syndrome
Scientific case report of a patient with clinical features of PAPS infected with mycoplasma penetrans.
http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/eid/vol5no1/yanez.htm

Extractions: Dispatches Mycoplasma penetrans , a rare bacterium so far only found in HIV-infected persons, was isolated in the blood and throat of a non-HIV-infected patient with primary antiphospholipid syndrome (whose etiology and pathogenesis are unknown). Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), first described in 1983 to 1986, is characterized by a wide variety of hemocytopenic and vaso-occlusive manifestations and is associated with antibodies directed against negatively charged phospholipids. Features of APS include hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, venous and arterial occlusions, livedo reticularis, pulmonary manifestations, recurrent fetal loss, neurologic manifestations (stroke, transverse myelitis, Guillain-Barré syndrome); and a positive Coombs test, anticardiolipin antibodies, or lupus anticoagulant activity ( ). The factor(s) causing production of the antiphospholipid antibodies in primary antiphospholipid syndrome (PAPS) remain unidentified ( A substantial number of patients with Mycoplasma pneumoniae ). Furthermore, many clinical criteria for APS have also been well documented in patients with
Antiphospholipid Syndrome
In the 1950's it was discovered that approximately 10% of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus had circulating lupus anticoagulant which falls under the classification of antiphospholipid antibodies.
http://www.medinfo.ufl.edu/year2/coag/antiphos.html

Extractions: A. This is a distinct entity from lupus anticoagulants. B. Clinical Features 1. Thrombosis and Thromboembolus 2. First thrombotic often occurs in early-mid teenage years. 3. Women may experience recurrent fetal loss, usually in second or third trimester. 4. Migraine headaches, transient ischemic attacks, or Guillain-Barre syndrome is often seen. 5. Mild thrombocytopenia is often seen. 6. There is often a dermatologic condition known as livido reticularis in which the skin appears mottled. This is usually most notable in the lower extremities. 7. There is often a postpartum syndrome, which occurs 2-10 weeks after delivery and consists of fevers, dyspnea, pleuritic chest pain, pulmonary infiltrates, pleural effusions, cardiomyopathy, and arrhythmias. C. Possible mechanisms for anticardiolipin mediated disease.
Page 3
antiphospholipid syndrome. For more information on antiphospholipid syndrome or otherautoimmune disorders, please click on the request information icon below.
http://www.aarda.org/page3.html

Extractions: Antiphospholipid Syndrome For more information on antiphospholipid syndrome or other autoimmune disorders, please click on the request information icon below. Information provided at this web site is of a general nature and is not intended to take the place of a physician's adivice It is vital that persons diagnosed with, or suspected of having, an autoimmune disease consult with their physician or with the appropriate division at a major teaching hospital, to assure proper evaluation, treatment and interpretation of information contained on this site.
Antiphospholipid Syndrome
Among the topics discussed are primary and secondary APS, clinical manifestations, treatment and further Category Health Conditions and Diseases antiphospholipid syndromeAntiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome (APS). Morbidity and mortality ratesassociated with the catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome are high.
http://neuroland.com/cvd/aps.htm

Extractions: Neuro Med Primary APS: no underlying systemic disorder Secondary APS: presence of an underlying disease, most commonly SLE. Antiphospholipid antibody: two main groups. Lupus anticoagulants (LA): dRVVT used as both a screening and confirmatory test. It is a sensitive assay, provides accurate results during pregnancy. A prolonged dRVVT may be better than other tests for predicting arterial thrombosis. Anticardiolipin antibodies (ACA): Predictive value probably rises with the titer. Both IgG and IgM ACA may carry a risk, the correlation seems to be stronger with IgG antibodies. A mild increase involve very little risk. No direct correlation between the concentration of antibodies and extent of thrombosis. Whether elevated cardiolipin, phosphatidylserine, or phosphatidylethanolamine antibodies are a cause of stroke or are only a marker of the presence of other precursors of stroke remains unknown. Associated laboratory abnormalities: may include a prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time, false-positive VDRL, elevated ANA, ESR, thrombocytopenia.
Iritis And Uveitis - Review Questions For Antiphospholipid Syndrome
Review Questions for antiphospholipid syndrome. by Erik Letko, MD. The risk of thromboticevent in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome is less than 31%;
http://www.uveitis.org/Enhanced/Review/rev_aps1.htm

Extractions: Review Questions for Antiphospholipid syndrome by Erik Letko, M.D. Antiphospholipid syndrome is defined as the presence of: antiphospholipid antibodies, migraines, lupus anticoagulant, and paradoxical thrombosis in vivo antiphospholipid antibodies, arterial or venous thrombosis, recurrent spontaneous abortions, and thrombocytopenia antiphospholipid antibodies, deep venous thrombosis, recurrent spontaneous abortions, and thrombocytopenia antiphospholipid antibodies, lupus anticoagulant, arterial thrombosis, and recurrent spontaneous abortions The risk of thrombotic event in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome is: less than 31% directly proportional to the level of lipoproteins HDL directly proportional to the level of phospholipids directly proportional to the level of beta-2-glycoprotein I Lupus anticoagulant is: a skin manifestation of lupus erythematosus caused by deficiency of phospholipids in the clotting cascade a skin manifestation of antiphospholipid syndrome caused by an inhibitor directed against phospholipids in the clotting cascade an in vitro anticoagulant phenomenon caused by deficiency of phospholipids in the clotting cascade an in vitro anticoagulant phenomenon caused by an inhibitor directed against phospholipids in the clotting cascade Incidence of the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus is: not the highest compared to the other rheumatologic diseases
Antiphosphlolipid Disorders
By Sara Marder, MD An explanation of this order and its association with pregnancy loss, who should Category Health Conditions and Diseases antiphospholipid syndromeThe antiphospholipid syndrome Vol.1 No.4 back home testing. What isthe treatment for the antiphospholipid syndrome in pregnancy? The
http://www.hygeia.org/poems4.htm

Extractions: Under normal circumstances, antibodies are proteins made by your immune system to fight substances recognized as foreign by your body. Some examples of foreign substances are bacteria and viruses. Sometimes the body's own cells are recognized as foreign. In the antiphospholipid antibody syndrome the body recognizes phospholipids (part of a cell's membrane) as foreign and produces antibodies against them. Antibodies to phospholipids (antiphospholipid antibodies) can be found in the blood of some people with lupus, but they are also seen in people without any known illness. Lupus anticoagulant (LAC) and anticardiolipin antibody (ACA) are the two known antiphospholipid antibodies that are associated with recurrent pregnancy loss.
Antiphosphlolipid Disorders
By Sara Marder, M.D. An explanation of this order and its association with pregnancy loss, who should be tested and its treatment.
http://hygeia.org/poems4.htm

Extractions: Under normal circumstances, antibodies are proteins made by your immune system to fight substances recognized as foreign by your body. Some examples of foreign substances are bacteria and viruses. Sometimes the body's own cells are recognized as foreign. In the antiphospholipid antibody syndrome the body recognizes phospholipids (part of a cell's membrane) as foreign and produces antibodies against them. Antibodies to phospholipids (antiphospholipid antibodies) can be found in the blood of some people with lupus, but they are also seen in people without any known illness. Lupus anticoagulant (LAC) and anticardiolipin antibody (ACA) are the two known antiphospholipid antibodies that are associated with recurrent pregnancy loss.
Antiphospholipid Syndrome
Information on Hughe's Syndrome (anthiphospholipid antibody syndrome) including risks of the disease Category Health Conditions and Diseases antiphospholipid syndrome Hematology Resource Page Patient Resources. Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome. Thereare two main classifications of the antiphospholipid antibody syndrome.
http://www-admin.med.uiuc.edu/hematology/PtAPS.htm

Extractions: University of Illinois - Urbana/Champaign Carle Cancer Center Hematology Resource Page Patient Resources Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome Home Factor V Leiden Antiphospholipid Syndrome General Clotting Information ... Protein S deficiency The antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, also known as Hughes Syndrome, is a disorder characterized by multiple different antibodies that are associated with both arterial and venous thrombosis (clots). There are three primary classes of antibodies associated with the antiphospholipid antibody syndrome: 1) anticardiolipin antibodies, 2) the lupus anticoagulant and 3) antibodies directed against specific molecules including a molecule known as beta-2-glycoprotein 1. Historically, antiphospholipid antibodies were first noted in patients who had positive tests for syphilis without signs of infection. Subsequently, a clotting disorder was associated with two patients with systemic lupus erythematosus in 1952. In 1957 a link between recurrent pregnancy loss and what is now called the lupus anticoagulant was established. Ultimately, the lupus anticoagulant was further described in 1963 and in 1972 the term lupus anticoagulant was given. In 1983, Dr. Graham Hughes described the association between antiphospholipid antibodies and arterial as well as venous thrombosis. There are two main classifications of the antiphospholipid antibody syndrome. If the patient has an underlying autoimmune disorder, such as systemic lupus erythematosus, the patient is said to have secondary antiphospholipid antibody syndrome. If the patient has no known underlying autoimmune disorder, it is termed primary antiphospholipid antibody syndrome.
Welcome To The Official Site Of The Hughes Syndrome Foundation
Information about antiphospholipid syndrome, the symptoms, diagnosing and treatment. Also information about the foundation itself.
http://www.hughes-syndrome.org/
What The Heck Is Antiphospholipid Syndrome ?
http//www.hughessyndrome.org/. Last time it took me several months toput the page up, hope we do better this time ) Hey, life sucks
http://members.aol.com/AMAmail/Anti.html

Extractions: htmlAdWH('7008213', '120', '30'); htmlAdWH('7004798', '234', '60'); Main Create Edit Help Any of you who have been touched bt APLS in the form of brain injury should be able to relate, I have Anoxia. This means Poor memory Poor concentration Lots of Mistakes Tough time figuring things out OOPs becomes a common part of your conversation. I was finaly going to fix some of the many dead links on the page. Bad Idea ...... A few simple key strokes and everything was gone .... Pooffffffff. But I am use to that, everyday occurance. Its just I cant remember how to get everything back where it was or where it came from or how it works. Ad to that that my "build a web page in an hour" Software that took me several months to learn is no longer supported. I dont know HTML! I only do point and click :) So, this could take some time To help out, these sites have some good links http://www.healthcyclopedia.com/antiphospholipid_syndrome.html http://www.silcom.com/~sblc/antibodies.html http://www.hughes-syndrome.org/ Last time it took me several months to put the page up, hope we do better this time :) Hey, life sucks ... you just smile and ignore it or it drives you nuts.
What The Heck Is Antiphospholipid Syndrome?
http://members.aol.com/AMAmail/Antiorg

Extractions: Cardiolipin Antibody It aint so Bad! All Links Checked 5/15/2000 The antiphospholipid syndrome. Hughes GR Lupus Research Unit, Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, UK. The antiphospholipid syndrome, now 13 years old, embraces almost all specialties. After a slow start-possibly because many early descriptions were published largely in the rheumatology literature, the syndrome has become recognised worldwide as a major cause of venous-arterial thrombosis, strokes, valvular disease and recurrent abortion. Its prevalence may soon overtake that of its "parent' disease, Lupus There are several kinds of antiphospholipid antibodies. The most widely measured are the lupus anticoagulant and anticardiolipin antibody. These antibodies react with phospholipid, a type of fat molecule that is part of the normal cell membrane. Lupus anticoagulant and anticardiolipin antibody are closely related, but are not the same antibody. This means that someone can have one and not the other. There are other antiphospholipid antibodies, but they are not commonly measured. Antiphospholipid antibodies interfere with the normal function of blood vessels, both by causing narrowing and irregularity of the vessel (called "vasculopathy"), and by causing clots in the vessel (called "thrombosis"). These blood vessel problems can then lead to complications such as stroke, heart attack, and miscarriage.
New Registry Will Benefit Patients With Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS)
New Registry Will Benefit Patients with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS).Patients with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) will benefit
http://www.niams.nih.gov/ne/press/2001/04_19.htm

Extractions: wortmanj@mail.nih.gov New Registry Will Benefit Patients with Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS) Patients with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) will benefit from a new national registry and tissue repository sponsored by the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS) and the National Center on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NCMHD). The coordinating center will reside at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill (UNC). APS is an autoimmune disorder in which the body appears to recognize certain phospholipids (fatty molecules that are important components of a cell's membrane) as foreign substances and produces antibodies against them. People with APS may experience blood clots leading to heart attack, stroke or loss of the fetus during pregnancy. APS may occur in patients with lupus and related autoimmune diseases or as a primary syndrome in otherwise healthy individuals. Biomedical researchers at eight medical centers will collect and update clinical, demographic and laboratory information from patients with APS and make it available to researchers and to medical practitioners concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of this syndrome. According to Stephen I. Katz, M.D., Ph.D., NIAMS director, "The availability of this information will permit better comparisons among clinical research projects and help rheumatologists, obstetricians and other physicians resolve problems associated with the many manifestations of the syndrome."
NORD
A brief discussion on antiphospholipid syndrome with a list resources for more information.
http://www.stepstn.com/cgi-win/nord.exe?proc=Redirect&type=rdb_sum&id=98

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