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This digital document is a journal article from Journal of Anxiety Disorders, published by Elsevier in 2005. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

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In a community sample of high schoolers who experienced their first panic attack, we examined the prospective relationships among pre-panic vulnerabilities, panic attack severity, and post-panic agoraphobia and depression symptoms. Students were evaluated yearly over 4 years to test the following four hypotheses: (1) pre-panic anxiety sensitivity, negative affect, and childhood behavioral inhibition will serve as vulnerabilities that predict agoraphobia and depression symptoms following a panic attack; (2) these vulnerabilities will lead to more severe panic attacks; (3) severe and spontaneous panic attacks will predict subsequent agoraphobia and depressive symptoms; and (4) the interaction between panic severity and vulnerabilities will be associated with worse outcomes following a panic attack. Results supported the first three hypotheses, but no evidence emerged for an interactive effect. Findings are discussed in light of recent modernized classical conditioning models that address factors contributing to development of more severe panic related psychopathology after panic attacks. ... Read more

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This digital document is a journal article from Computers in Human Behavior, published by Elsevier in 2007. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

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The aim of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of Internet administered questionnaires used in panic research. Included were 494 people who had registered for an Internet-based treatment program for panic disorder (PD). Participants were randomly assigned to fill in the questionnaires either on the Internet or the paper-and-pencil versions, and then to fill in the same questionnaires again the next day using the other format. The questionnaires were the body sensations questionnaire [BSQ; Chambless, D. L., Caputo, G. C., Bright, P., & Gallagher, R. (1984). Assessment of fear of fear in agoraphobics: the body sensations questionnaire and the agoraphobic cognitions questionnaire. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 52, 1090-1097], agoraphobic cognitions questionnaire [ACQ; Chambless, D. L., Caputo, G. C., Bright, P., & Gallagher, R. (1984). Assessment of fear of fear in agoraphobics: the body sensations questionnaire and the agoraphobic cognitions questionnaire. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 52, 1090-1097], mobility inventory [MI; Chambless, D. L., Caputo, G., Jasin, S., Gracely, E. J., & Williams, C. (1985). The mobility inventory for agoraphobia. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 23, 35-44], beck anxiety inventory [BAI; Beck, A. T., Epstein, N., Brown, G., & Steer, R. A. (1988). An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: psychometric properties. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 56, 893-897], beck depression inventory II [Beck, A. T., & Steer, R. A. (1996). Beck Depression Inventory. Manual, Svensk version (Swedish version). Fagernes, Norway: Psykologiforlaget, AB], quality of life inventory [QOLI; Frisch, M. B., Cornell, J., Villanueva, M., & Retzlaff, P. J. (1992). Clinical validation of the quality of life inventory. A measure of life satisfaction for use in treatment planning and outcome assessment. Psychological Assessment, 4, 92-101], and montgomery Asberg depression rating scale [MADRS; Svanborg, P., & Asberg, M. (1994). A new self-rating scale for depression and anxiety states based on the comprehensive psychopathological rating scale. ACTA Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 89, 21-28]. Results showed largely equivalent psychometric properties for the two administration formats (Cronbach's @a between 0.79 and 0.95). The results also showed high and significant correlations between the Internet and the paper-and-pencil versions. Analyses of order effects showed an interaction effect for the BSQ and the MI (subscale Accompanied), a main effect was identified for ACQ, MI-Alone, BAI and BDI II. However, in contrast to previous research, the Internet version did not consistently generate higher scores and effect sizes for the differences were generally low. Given the presence of an interaction effect, we recommend that the administration format should be stable in research across measurement points. Finally, the findings suggest that Internet versions of questionnaires used in PD research can be used with confidence. ... Read more

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Learn methods on how to overcome severe panic attacks using drug free techniques. Recovery methods for agoraphobia (fear of public places) are also covered. ... Read more

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Story of one persons struggle with Agoraphbia. Hopeful, interesting account. ... Read more

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At 27 years old, I had my first panic attack.That event would resolve into a chain reaction which would find me a mind-numbed zombie on sedatives, misdiagnosed and locked inside a psychiatric ward, overmedicated on anti-psychotic drugs and Lithium, and a terrified agoraphobic who couldnt leave the confines of a single room.This memoir is the story of my journey to overcome a debilitating mental illness and the shame of the stigma attached to it in order to rebuild my life.Years later I have a full and rich life after beating back the anxiety, reinventing myself, and moving on to graduate school and a successful career. ... Read more

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This digital document is a journal article from Behaviour Research and Therapy, published by Elsevier in . The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

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A diagnostic and statistical manual (DSM)-IV diagnosis of agoraphobia in the context of panic disorder (PD) is based on three nosologically sufficient criteria: (1) avoidance, (2) use of companions, and (3) endurance of situations despite distress. Therefore, an agoraphobia diagnosis can be made across an extremely broad range of cases including when there are no avoidance behaviors (e.g., the patient endures the situation). It was hypothesized that clinicians do not weight these criteria equally and that the DSMs individual, sufficient criteria lead to poor inter-rater reliability. Clinicians (N=48) rated hypothetical patients with symptom profiles emphasizing each of these three criteria. Consistent with expectation, clinicians differentially weighted these criteria. Avoidance was relatively more apt to produce a diagnosis when only one criterion was emphasized in clinical vignettes. Inter-rater reliability was poor in instances when only one sufficient criterion was highlighted. Knowledge concerning DSM criteria resulted in a greater rate of agoraphobia endorsement, but knowledge did not account for the overall pattern of findings. ... Read more

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I am a thirty six year old mother of two who was diagnosed with Panic Disorder with Agoraphobia. My disorder crippled me to the point that I wasn't able to function effectively anymore. I kept a journal during this time and share with you my personal struggles with breaking free of this disorder. Through therapy and medication and with the support of my family I am getting my life back. ... Read more

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The nightmare from hell was the reliving of childhood abuse during flashbacks. This brought hidden memories to the surface. Because of this revelation, the cause of agoraphobia for many years was finally determined. Also, incorporated in the book are poems written by the author, Elizabeth Gray, during her years of therapy as a form of emotional release. Her memoirs during trial and tribulations and finally recovery are written in the hope of making a difference for someone in a similar situation. The journey was difficult but triumph finally did prevail because of the healing process. ... Read more

Customer Reviews (1)

A wonderful book.
Using a straightforward and elegant style, the author discusses the root of her agoraphobia and her journey to freedom.Her story is easy to relate to and while the experiences described were difficult, it is ultimately a very uplifting book.Would highly recommend. ... Read more

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Agoraphobia, the irrational fear of open spaces, affects over half a million people in the UK and is on the increase, especially amongst women. This new edition has been revised and updated in association with MIND, the National Mental Health Charity. It offers self-help to sufferers, enabling them to understand the causes and symptoms of their illness, to come to terms with them and, eventually, to overcome its lonely grip. ... Read more

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This digital document is a journal article from Eating Behaviors, published by Elsevier in 2004. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

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Background: While eating disorders have a high comorbidity with anxiety disorders, little is presently known about how anxiety links to eating attitudes and behaviours and other related characteristics of eating-disordered individuals. The present study aimed to determine whether social anxiety and agoraphobia in eating-disordered individuals are linked to different eating attitudes and behaviours and levels of ego functioning. Method: The participants were 70 women who met DSM-IV criteria for an eating disorder. The Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI) was used as a measure of eating attitudes and ego-functioning characteristics, while the Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory (SPAI) was used as a measure of levels of social anxiety and agoraphobia. Results: High scores on the eating attitude scales of the EDI were associated with higher levels of social anxiety in eating-disordered individuals. High scores on the ego-dysfunction scales of the EDI were associated with higher levels of social anxiety and agoraphobia. Conclusions. The present findings suggest that eating-related attitudes and behaviours are associated with high levels of social anxiety, while psychological characteristics not specifically related to eating are associated with anxiety more broadly. The results highlight the importance of identifying and addressing comorbid anxiety in eating-disordered individuals, and suggestions are made for the treatment of such cases. Implications for future research are also discussed. ... Read more

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This digital document is a journal article from Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, published by Elsevier in 2007. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

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Different aspects of change were examined in 62 patients who fulfilled the DSM-IV criteria for a primary diagnosis of panic disorder with agoraphobia of moderate to severe magnitude, and who were treated with 16 sessions of behavioral therapy. The treatment resulted in substantial effects on panic attacks and agoraphobic avoidance. Panic-free status only differentiated the patients regarding mood at pre- and post-treatment. Changes in panic and avoidance were related to each other, but change in avoidance was more related to change in negative affect. Change in quality of life (QOL) was also more associated with change in avoidance at post-treatment. At follow-up change in QOL was more related to change in panic than change in avoidance. ... Read more