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High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Basalganglia disease refers to a group of physicaldysfunctions that occur when the group of nuclei inthe brain known as the basal ganglia fail toproperly suppress unwanted movements or to properlyprime upper motor neuron circuits to initiate motorfunction. Research indicates that increased outputof the basal ganglia inhibits thalamocorticalprojection neurons. Proper activation ordeactivation of these neurons is an integralcomponent for proper movement. If something causestoo much basal ganglia output, then thethalamocortical projection neurons become tooinhibited and one cannot initiate voluntarymovement. These disorders are known as a hypokineticdisorders. However, a disorder leading to abnormallylow output of the basal ganglia leads to relativelyno inhibition of the thalamocortical projectionneurons. This situation leads to an inability tosuppress unwanted movements. These disorders areknown as hyperkinetic disorders. Currently, reasonsfor abnormal increases or decreases of basal gangliaoutput are poorly understood. ... Read more

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This text deals with recent developments in evaluating the pathobiochemistry of Parkinson's disease. New treatment strategies are delineated, stressing the role of endogenous toxins, like radicals or trichlorhormone (an MPTP-like substance), as well as exogenous toxins like MPTP or rotenone. Emphasis is also placed on glutamate, to show the direct influence of the NMDA-antagonist memantine on dopamine and DOPAC in MPTP and rotenone-treated rats via in vivo pulse voltammetry, and the synergistic effects of the AMPA antagonist NBQX with L-Dopa and lisuride in the 6-OHDA lesioned rat. The early diagnosis of Parkinson's disease with apparative methods, biochemical imaging and psychometric measurements are evaluated. The mental disorders of PD and the therapy of early, advanced and late stages are also given. Following a review of the problem of dystonia, the history of treatment strategies and the importance of in vitro and in vivo experiments are highlighted. ... Read more

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This volume represents the proceedings of the Sixth TriennialMeeting of the International Basal Ganglia Society, held in Brewster,Massachusetts from October 15-18, 1998. This volume focuses on thefunctions of the basal ganglia in health and disease and the neuralmechanisms that underpin these functions. This book is useful foranyone in the field of neuroscience, neuropharmacology, neurobiology,neuroanatomy and neurophysiology. ... Read more

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The aim of the International Meetings of the Basal Ganglia Society (IBAGS) is to provide a unique environment for the open presentation and discussion of new and challenging information about the basal ganglia as it relates to health and disease, covering all areas of basic science and research. Specific topics of the proceedings of this Eighth International Triennial Meeting of the Basal Ganglia Society include behavior, circuitry, functional imaging, modelling, movement disorders, neuropathology, neurotransmitters, pharmacology, physiology, plasticity, treatments for basal ganglia disorders, ventral systems, health and disease, immunology and basal ganglia, and much more. ... Read more

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The Basal ganglia, to adopt a phrase of Churchill's, are "a riddle wrapped in a mystery, inside an enigma." And although there is a wealth of information available on them, this research field remains controversial due in part to the diverse number of disciplines involved. A Theory of the Basal Ganglia and Their Disorders provides a clear, coherent view of basal ganglia that integrates evidence from the basic neurosciences, neurology, and psychiatry. The author explores the basal ganglia within a context of the function of the mammalian forebrain as a whole.

Divided into two parts, the book explores the basic framework in which normal functions of the basal ganglia can be understood, and then moves on to discuss major disorders. It explains, as far as possible, symptoms and related clinical facts in terms of the underlying pathology and pathophysiology. With this goal in mind, the author includes only disorders of the basal ganglia for which there are already clear ideas about the underlying neuropathology or pathophysiology. He also conveys the human experience of these disorders as well as their scientific basis.

While many books cover cutting-edge research, none have addressed large-scale questions about the role of the basal ganglia as a whole. Until now. This is arguably the only book published in the last 50 years that has attempted to provide an overall theory of the basal ganglia, as well as relevant areas of neurology and psychiatry. It concisely presents the theory, rather than comprehensively covering all the literature, and places the essential clinical facts within a framework formulated for normal operations of the basal ganglia. Presenting a unified view, the book takes several steps toward unraveling the riddle that is basal ganglia. ... Read more

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Proceedings from Fifth Triennial Meeting of the International Basal Ganglia Society, Held in Nemuno-Sato, Japan, May 23-26, 1995. International contributors. DNLM: Basal Ganglia - physiology congresses. ... Read more

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This volume represents the proceedings of the Seventh TriennialMeeting of the International Basal Ganglia Society, held in NewZealand on February 11--15, 2001. Divided into seven sectionswith a total of 61 chapters, and highlighting the most recent andexciting developments on the structure and function of the basalganglia in health and disease, this volume is vital for allresearchers in the fields of neurobiology, neuroanatomy, andneuropharmacology. ... Read more