Science In India: History Of Mathematics: Indian Mathematicians And Astronomers, Describes Indian mathematicians such as Aryabhatta - who modelled the solar system, Bhaskar, Varahamira, Category Science Math History Mathematical investigation continued into the 10th C. vijayanandi (of Benares,whose Karanatilaka was translated by AlBeruni into Arabic) and Sripati of http://members.tripod.com/~INDIA_RESOURCE/mathematics.htm
Extractions: Get Five DVDs for $.49 each. Join now. Tell me when this page is updated SOUTH ASIAN HISTORY Pages from the history of the Indian sub-continent: Science and Mathematics in India History of Mathematics in India In all early civilizations, the first expression of mathematical understanding appears in the form of counting systems. Numbers in very early societies were typically represented by groups of lines, though later different numbers came to be assigned specific numeral names and symbols (as in India) or were designated by alphabetic letters (such as in Rome). Although today, we take our decimal system for granted, not all ancient civilizations based their numbers on a ten-base system. In ancient Babylon, a sexagesimal (base 60) system was in use. The Decimal System in Harappa In India a decimal system was already in place during the Harappan period, as indicated by an analysis of Harappan weights and measures. Weights corresponding to ratios of 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, and 500 have been identified, as have scales with decimal divisions. A particularly notable characteristic of Harappan weights and measures is their remarkable accuracy. A bronze rod marked in units of 0.367 inches points to the degree of precision demanded in those times. Such scales were particularly important in ensuring proper implementation of town planning rules that required roads of fixed widths to run at right angles to each other, for drains to be constructed of precise measurements, and for homes to be constructed according to specified guidelines. The existence of a gradated system of accurately marked weights points to the development of trade and commerce in Harappan society.
Vijayanandi vijayanandi. Born about 940 in Benares (now Varanasi), India Died about1010 in India. vijayanandi (or vijayanandin) was the son of Jayananda. http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Vijayanandi.html
Extractions: Vijayanandi (or Vijayanandin) was the son of Jayananda. He was born into the Brahman caste which meant he was from the highest ranking caste of Hindu priests. He was an Indian mathematician and astronomer whose most famous work was the Karanatilaka. We should note that there was another astronomer named Vijayanandi who was mentioned by Varahamihira in one of his works. Since Varahamihira wrote around 550 and the Karanatilaka was written around 966, there must be two astronomers both named "Vijayanandi". The Karanatilaka has not survived in its original form but we know of the text through an Arabic translation by al-Biruni . It is a work in fourteen chapters covering the standard topics of Indian astronomy. It deals with the topics of: units of time measurement; mean and true longitudes of the sun and moon; the length of daylight; mean longitudes of the five planets; true longitudes of the five planets; the three problems of diurnal rotation; lunar eclipses, solar eclipses; the projection of eclipses; first visibility of the planets; conjunctions of the planets with each other and with fixed stars; the moon's crescent; and the patas of the moon and sun. The Indians had a cosmology which was based on long periods of time with astronomical events occurring a certain whole number of times within the cycles. This system led to much work on integer solutions of equations and their application to astronomy. In particular there was, according to
Vijayanandi Biography of vijayanandi (9401010) Main index. vijayanandi (or vijayanandin) was the son of Jayananda. http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Mathematicians/Vijayanandi.html
Extractions: Vijayanandi (or Vijayanandin) was the son of Jayananda. He was born into the Brahman caste which meant he was from the highest ranking caste of Hindu priests. He was an Indian mathematician and astronomer whose most famous work was the Karanatilaka. We should note that there was another astronomer named Vijayanandi who was mentioned by Varahamihira in one of his works. Since Varahamihira wrote around 550 and the Karanatilaka was written around 966, there must be two astronomers both named "Vijayanandi". The Karanatilaka has not survived in its original form but we know of the text through an Arabic translation by al-Biruni . It is a work in fourteen chapters covering the standard topics of Indian astronomy. It deals with the topics of: units of time measurement; mean and true longitudes of the sun and moon; the length of daylight; mean longitudes of the five planets; true longitudes of the five planets; the three problems of diurnal rotation; lunar eclipses, solar eclipses; the projection of eclipses; first visibility of the planets; conjunctions of the planets with each other and with fixed stars; the moon's crescent; and the patas of the moon and sun. The Indians had a cosmology which was based on long periods of time with astronomical events occurring a certain whole number of times within the cycles. This system led to much work on integer solutions of equations and their application to astronomy. In particular there was, according to
References For Vijayanandi References for vijayanandi. The URL of this page is http//wwwhistory.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/history/References/vijayanandi.html. http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/References/Vijayanandi.html
References For Vijayanandi References for the biography of vijayanandi References for vijayanandi. Biography in Dictionary of Scientific Biography (New York 19701990). http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/References/Vijayanandi.html
Vijayanandi The summary for this Chinese (Traditional) page contains characters that cannot be correctly displayed in this language/character set. http://140.128.17.82/s8705052/Vijayanandi.htm
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UV Index Pierre (411) Vernier, Pierre (344) Veronese, Giuseppe (617) Verrier, Urbain Le (450*)Vessiot, Ernest (229*) Viète, François (2352*) vijayanandi (424) Vincent http://math.ichb.ro/History/Indexes/UV.html
Index Of /~history/Mathematicians html 20Jan-2003 1753 5.3K Viviani.html 20-Jan-2003 1753 7.6K Vitali.html 20-Jan-20031753 6.4K Vinogradov.html 20-Jan-2003 1753 11K vijayanandi.html 20-Jan http://www.gap-system.org/~history/Mathematicians/?C=N&O=D
Index Of /~history/Mathematicians html 20Jan-2003 1752 6.4K Cartan_Henri.html 20-Jan-2003 1751 6.4K Akhiezer.html20-Jan-2003 1751 6.4K Kramp.html 20-Jan-2003 1752 6.4K vijayanandi.html 20 http://www.gap-system.org/~history/Mathematicians/?C=S&O=A
Famous Mathematicians With A V Argelia VelezRodriguez John Venn Pierre Verhulst Pierre Vernier Giuseppe VeroneseUrbain Le Verrier Ernest Vessiot François Viete vijayanandi Gregorius Saint http://www.famousmathematician.com/az/mathematician_V.htm
Full Alphabetical Index List of mathematical biographies indexed alphabetically http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Indexes/Full_Alph.html
Index Of /~history/Mathematicians Index of /~history/Mathematicians Name Last modified Size http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians
