41. AIDS Dementia Complex - General Practice Notebook medical information from General Practice Notebook. AIDS dementiacomplex. AIDS dementia is a feature of symptomatic AIDS. Up to 50 http://www.gpnotebook.co.uk/cache/1818951707.htm

AIDS dementia complex AIDS dementia is a feature of symptomatic AIDS. Up to 50% of children and 30% of adults with AIDS will suffer significant cognitive dysfunction. There is no evidence that asymptomatic HIV-positive individuals suffer progressive cognitive impairment. In 6% of patients, dementia is the presenting AIDS-defining illness. Click here for more information...

42. AIDS Dementia Overlay Slice 10 Because previous studies have shown that aids dementia complex (ADC) is associatedwith both functional defects and structural evidence of brain volume loss http://www.med.harvard.edu/AANLIB/cases/case14/mr1-tc1/010.html

Tour 1 Next Previous Start : These images show typical findings in AIDS dementia: patchy hypoperfusion with a multifocal distribution which tends to be seen prominently in the frontal lobes. Compare with normal Home Help Clinical ... Tour 1 Slice 10 Click on sagittal image to select slice. Click on thin tickmark to change timepoint, or thick tickmark for overlay. Keith A. Johnson (keith@bwh.harvard.edu), J. Alex Becker (jabecker@mit.edu)

43. SBF Glossary: AG To AJS aids dementia complex Dementia is the most common central nervous system (CNS)complication directly due to HIV infection (as opposed to the indirect http://www.plexoft.com/SBF/A05.html

Click here for bottom AG, A.G. A ktien g esellschaft . German, `stock company.' One kind of corporation. Closest approximation to Swedish AB , US Corp. , British plc , or Italian S.p.A. A/G Albumin/Globulin [ratio]. .ag (Domain name code for) A nti g ua and Barbuda. The CIA Factbook has some basic information on the Emirates . On the Emirates? I must have cobbled this entry together from pieces of another entry. Ag Chemical symbol for silver, from the Latin Argentum . Learn more at its entry in WebElements and its entry at Chemicool AG A rbeits g emeinschaft . German: `Working Group.' A productive affix like the English WG , as for example in AGI . Also abbreviated A, as in AD and AMA AG Attorney General. Person who would, in the absence of this naming tradition, be called the Secretary of [the US, or a state's] Department of Justice. Plural is Attorneys General . Possessive seems to be Attorney General's. The traditional postpositive adjective arises from the official status of French in British government for a few centuries after Hastings. AG Authors Guild . The largest trade group in the US representing free-lance writers. They don't actually use the AG abbreviation themselves, but I'm sure someone does. There's a certain amount of staff and program overlap between this organization and Authors Registry (

44. FCA: Clearinghouse: Factsheets: HIV-Associated Dementia Complex HIVAssociated Dementia Complex (also known as aids dementia complex) is a progressiveneurological disorder that can affect persons who are infected with the http://www.caregiver.org/factsheets/HivC.html

Fact Sheet: HIV-Associated Dementia Complex Definition HIV-Associated Dementia Complex (also known as AIDS Dementia Complex) is a progressive neurological disorder that can affect persons who are infected with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). HIV-Associated Dementia Complex (HAD) is thought to be a subcortical dementia and is characterized by cognitive, motor and behavioral impairments severe enough to interfere with an individual's ability to function occupationally or socially. Facts Although the precise incidence and prevalence of HIV-Associated Dementia Complex is uncertain, it has been estimated that as many as two-thirds of individuals with AIDS will develop dementia or related neurological disorders. The leading hypothesis regarding HAD is that it is caused by direct infection of the brain by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), the cause of AIDS. In 1987 the Centers for Disease Control included HIV-Associated Dementia Complex as a primary diagnostic condition that warrants a diagnosis of AIDS. Symptoms The early manifestations of HIV-Associated Dementia Complex may include: Cognitive : Memory loss (difficulty recalling appointment times, telephone numbers, or names), impaired concentration (trouble keeping track of conversations or completing thoughts), and mental slowing (not as "quick" as usual, slower at responding to questions).

45. NLM Technical Bulletin, March-April 2000, Changes In MeSH Data Structure Example. As an example of how the modifications are represented inthe structure, consider the Main Heading, aids dementia complex. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/pubs/techbull/ma00/ma00_mesh.html

April 20, 2000 [posted] Changes in MeSH Data Structure MeSH Descriptors (main headings), Qualifiers, and Supplementary Concept Records still exist. Entry terms, whether printed in the MeSH Tools (Print Entry Terms) or not (Non-Print Entry Terms), still provide access points to the MeSH components. Descriptors (Main Headings) Now Concept-based The new structure is centered on descriptors, concepts, and terms rather than just descriptors and terms. Our understanding of what a descriptor consists of has been refined. A descriptor is now viewed as a class of concepts, and a concept as a class of synonymous terms. A descriptor class consists of one or more concepts closely related to each other in meaning. For the purposes of indexing, retrieval, and organization of the literature, these concepts are best lumped together in one class. It has been recognized for some time that not every term that we might wish to explore is sufficiently distinct in meaning that it would serve well as a descriptor. For example, the NISO standard for Monolingual Thesauri talks of quasi-synonyms (terms that don't have the same meaning, such as "roughness" and "smoothness", but are a means of addressing the same underlying phenomenon). Entry terms like "Isometric Exercise" are narrower in meaning than the main heading "Exercise", but left in the exercise descriptor class because of the overlap in meaning with another entry term, "Aerobic Exercise." The recognition of the nature of a descriptor as a class of concepts helps us to understand what we are dealing with.

46. An Interlingual Database Of MeSH Translations As an example of how the modifications are represented in the structure,consider the Main Heading, aids dementia complex. Under http://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/intlmesh.html

An Interlingual Database of MeSH Translations Stuart J. Nelson. MD [1], Michael Schopen, MD [2], Jacque-Lynne Schulman [1], and Natalie Arluk [1] 1. National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA ABSTRACT MeSH translators have encountered difficulties with entry vocabulary as they maintain and update their translations to reflect changes in the annual version of MeSH. An entry term might move from one main heading to another main heading, or, more commonly, an entry term might become a new main heading Translators are faced with difficulties in tracking these changes. Another problem arises for certain terms in other languages. There may be no exact English equivalent. In that case it may not be possible to identify the correct mapping to the MeSH descriptor or to concepts in other vocabulary databases, such as the UMLS Metathesaurus. NLM has developed and implemented a concept-centered vocabulary maintenance system for MeSH. While remaining invisible to the users of the system, it enables a better understanding of the role of MeSH and of composition of the thesaurus, and a useful method of representing those relationships. Each main heading is a descriptor class, comprised of one or more concepts closely linked in meaning. This system is being extended to create an interlingual database of translations. Each translated term is identified as a name of an existing concept, or as the name of a new concept created within the descriptor class. This database allows continual updating of the translations, as well as facilitating tracking of the changes within MeSH from one year to another.

47. Humanistic Communication: A Caring Approach For People With AIDS Dementia Comple Humanistic Communication a caring approach for people with aids dementia complex.Moira Gillespie, Professor Susan Ronaldson, Kim Devery Stephen Oldham. http://www.clininfo.health.nsw.gov.au/hospolic/stvincents/1998/a13.html

Previous article Contents Next article Humanistic Communication: a caring approach for people with AIDS Dementia Complex Abstract Introduction Background to the Project Validation Therapy ... References Abstract Moira Gillespie Reg Comp RN (Dip), BHSc (Nursing), Clinical Nurse Specialist, HIV/AIDS, Case Manager AIDS Dementia Complex, Sacred Heart Hospice Professor Susan Ronaldson Kim Devery RN, RM, BA(Hons), Nursing Research Officer, St Vincent's Healthcare Campus Nursing Research Unit Stephen Oldham RN, Clinical Nurse Consultant, HIV/AIDS Palliative Care, Sacred Heart Hospice This paper was presented by Moira Gillespie at the American Association of Nursing in AIDS Care held in Miami, USA, in November, 1997. AIDS Dementia Complex is a major problem for individuals, their carers and healthcare professionals. However, there are few educational programs to assist carers and there are few articles or research projects which have been concerned with the most fundamental aspects of caring for people living with AIDS Dementia Complex - enhancing communication. This paper will report on a project based at Sacred Heart Hospice. The main aim of this project was to explore how can we better care and communicate with people who are living with AIDS Dementia Complex. The main themes which will be explored in the paper include: the issues of concern in relation to communication for nurses who are caring for people with HIV-related dementia, and their required knowledge base;

48. 1Up Health > Health Links Directory > Conditions And Diseases: Neurological Diso aids dementia complex This article is from the Dec. 96 Bulletin of ExperimentalTreatments for AIDS. MedicineNet A brief article about aids dementia complex. http://www.1uphealth.com/links/dementia-aids-dementia-complex.html

Home Contact Us Privacy Caring For Your Well Being Alternative Medicine Clinical Trials Health News Poisons ... Health Topics A-Z Search 1Up Health Health Directory Addictions Alternative Animal ... Weight Loss By Demography Child Health Teen Health Men's Health Women's Health ... Dementia : AIDS Dementia Complex Sites AIDS Dementia Complex This article is from the Dec. 96 Bulletin of Experimental Treatments for AIDS. In depth and covers the symptoms, classifications, diagnosis, treatment and prevention. AIDS Dementia Complex A comprehensive guide to this condition called ADC, dementia, sub acute encephalitis or HIV encephalitis from AEGIS. AIDS Knowledge Base AIDS Dementia Complex: An introduction, definitions and terminology, incidence and natural history, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, differential diagnosis, diagnostic studies and treatment. MedicineNet A brief article about AIDS dementia complex. Help build the largest human-edited directory on the web. Submit a Site Open Directory Project Become an Editor Parts of the directory made available on 1UpHealth have been modified. External Web site links provided on this site are meant for convenience and for informational purposes only; they do not constitute an endorsement. Search: The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A licensed physician should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. Call 911 for all medical emergencies. Links to other sites are provided for information only they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites.

49. JAMA HIV/AIDS Information Center - Background Briefing aids dementia complex. A Background To many neurologists, AIDS dementiacomplex (ADC) is the forgotten face of HIV disease. In the http://www.ama-assn.org/special/hiv/newsline/briefing/adc.htm

50. Ask Jeeves: Search Results For "Aids Dementia" 1. Alzheimer Europe_aids dementia complex aids dementia complex The term AIDS DementiaComplex (ADC) The difference between ADC and Opportunist Infections of http://webster.directhit.com/webster/search.aspx?qry=Aids Dementia

51. Ask Jeeves: Search Results For "Hiv Complication" http//bcn.net/~stoll/wwwboard/a_gloss.html 5. Alzheimer Europe_aids dementia complexaids dementia complex The term aids dementia complex (ADC) The difference http://webster.directhit.com/webster/search.aspx?qry=Hiv Complication

52. HIVdent Mental Health News "Relative Increase In AIDS Dementia Suggests Poor CNS researchers report in the journal AIDS that highly active antiretroviral therapy(HAART) is less effective in preventing aids dementia complex than other AIDS http://www.hivdent.org/mentalh/mentalhnewsriiad0799.htm

www.HIVdent.org Mental Health News Update "Relative Increase in AIDS Dementia Suggests Poor CNS Efficacy of Antiretrovirals" "Relative Increase in AIDS Dementia Suggests Poor CNS Efficacy of Antiretrovirals" Reuters Health Information Services (07/13/99) Australian researchers report in the journal AIDS that highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is less effective in preventing AIDS dementia complex than other AIDS-related conditions. Investigators followed patients receiving HAART from 1995 to 1997, and found that illnesses related to AIDS dementia complex rose from 4.4 percent to 6.5 percent. The researchers suggest that their findings could be due to ineffective penetration of the central nervous system by some antiretroviral drugs, variable susceptibility of viral populations in different compartments, or delayed effects of HAART on AIDS dementia complex. Back to the Main Mental Health Page Last Updated July 10, 2001

53. HIVdent Mental Health News "CCR5 Delta 32 May Protect Against AIDS Dementia Comp www.HIVdent.org, Mental Health News Update CCR5 Delta 32 May ProtectAgainst aids dementia complex . CCR5 Delta 32 May Protect Against http://www.hivdent.org/mentalh/mentalhnewscdtmp0899.htm

www.HIVdent.org Mental Health News Update "CCR5 Delta 32 May Protect Against AIDS Dementia Complex" "CCR5 Delta 32 May Protect Against AIDS Dementia Complex" Reuters Health Information Services (08/18/99) Investigators reporting in the September issue of the Journal of Infectious Diseases suggest that the CCR5 delta 32 mutation may offer protection against AIDS dementia complex. According to the team, heterozygosity for CCR5 delta 32 is associated with limited cell surface expression of CCR5, reduced non-syncytium-inducing (NSI) HIV-1 replication in vitro, and reduced viral load in vivo. NSI HIV-1 infection of the brain is highly correlated with development of AIDS dementia complex, the researchers said. Back to the Main Mental Health Page Last Updated July 10, 2001

54. Stensland The Neuropathology of AIDS aids dementia complex David S. Stensland. Navia, BA, Cho,E., Petito, CK Price, RW The aids dementia complex II. Neuropathology. http://www.indstate.edu/thcme/anderson/DSS.html

The Neuropathology of AIDS: AIDS Dementia Complex David S. Stensland Staining methods which differentiate microglial and cholinergic neurons have shown a close physical relationship between the two in the basal forebrain. In vitro studies suggest that microglia may express mRNA for nerve growth factor by which basal forebrain cholinergic neurons are known to be stimulated. It has been hypothesized that alterations in microglia, which have been shown to occur by HIV-1 infection, may have profound functional effects on neurons by disrupting the normal microglial-neuronal interaction. Normal function of cholinergic basal forebrain neurons is essential for normal cognitive function and may therefore be responsible for the cognitive dementia associated with AIDS Dementia Complex. The single most difficult factor to explain in association with HIV infection and the subsequent appearance of AIDS Dementia Complex is how neurological disease can result from relatively few infected cells with a low copy number of virus per infected cell. Some patients have very low levels of active viral infection and yet clinically apparent neuronal dysfunction. For example, children less than 3 years old with HIV encephalopathy have very low levels of active viral infection while children older than three years old have antigen levels comparable to adults. Low or absent active viral infection indicates the existence of an alternative mechanism involved in neuronal dysfunction. BIBLIOGRAPHY Gene Therapy of Immune System

55. Peters AIDS AND THE NERVOUS SYSTEM A FOCUS ON THE aids dementia complex Tom Peters. Thepathology of the aids dementia complex is complicated and variable. http://www.indstate.edu/thcme/anderson/TP.html

AIDS AND THE NERVOUS SYSTEM: A FOCUS ON THE AIDS DEMENTIA COMPLEX Tom Peters Infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the biologic agent of the AIDS syndrome, has emerged as one of the most important threats to public health in the United States and its incidence is rapidly increasing. A highly lethal disease with over 70% of AIDS patients dying within 2 years of diagnosis. This disease has already become the leading cause of death in men aged 25-44 and women aged 25-34. The Centers for Disease Control have for the purpose of epidemiological surveillance, defined AIDS as a "reliably diagnosed disease that is at least moderately indicative of an underlying cellular immunodeficiency in a person who has no underlying cause of cellular immunodeficiency nor any other cause of reduced resistance reported to be associated with that disease." [5] The pathophysiology of HIV is indicative of a retrovirus. At the cellular level the most distinct feature of AIDS is the depletion of the helper-inducer lymphocytes or T-helper cells. The specific antigen CD4 present on these lymphocytes appears to be the target of the AIDS retrovirus. HIV does not usually cause disease as soon as it is acquired and therefore in most cases, has a latency period which may be variable. The ultimate problem in this disease is the progressive immunosuppresslon due to the lack of lymphocytes. There has been issues raised about cognitive impairment and early AIDS infection. Questions have been raised about Public safety being at risk if infected individuals were in safety-sensitive jobs. The American Academy of Neurology supports the conclusion that "there is no justification for HIV-1 serological screening as a strategy for detecting functional impairment in asymptomatic persons, because at present, there is no evidence for an increase of clinically significant neuropsychiatric abnormalities"[2]. This conclusion was also supported by the fact that impaired job performance can be caused by a number of more common problems ,such as alcoholism.

56. Science's AIDS Prevention And Vaccine Research Site Date posted 4/25/02 Title Clinical aspects of the aids dementia complex in relationto histopathological and immunohistochemical variables Journal European http://aidscience.org/Jarticle.asp?Article=441

57. Science's AIDS Prevention And Vaccine Research Site P (1988). The brain in AIDS central nervous system HIV1 infectionand aids dementia complex. Science 239(4840) 586-92. Medline. http://aidscience.org/neuroaids/articles/Neuro1(7).asp

NeuroAIDS Vol. 1, No. 7, November 1998 The effect of combination antiviral therapy on neuroAIDS Howard Fox and Chris Power Department of Neuropharmacology, Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, CVN-8, La Jolla, California 92037, United States Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, 107-3330 Hospital Dr., Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada Address correspondence to: hsfox@scripps.edu or power@ucalgary.ca : Given the success in highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in reducing the morbidity and mortality from AIDS, why worry about the nervous system in HIV-1 infected individuals? Related Links Printer friendly version of this article Search PubMed for articles by: Fox, HS Power, C Similar articles found in: AIDScience Related titles found in: News Headlines Related titles found in: Journal Headlines Although it is clear that HAART induces a marked reduction of virus from the blood and lymphoid organs, and likely the cerebrospinal-fluid (CSF) ( ), effects on virus in the brain itself are unknown. In the central nervous system (CNS) the brain parenchyma (as well as the brain extracellular fluid) is a distinct compartment from the CSF (

58. Los Angeles Caregiver Resource Center - Fact Sheet: HIV Associated Dementia Definition HIVAssociated Dementia Complex (also known as aids dementia complex)is a progressive neurological disorder that can affect persons who are http://geroweb.usc.edu/lacrc/Diseases/FactSheets/hiv.htm

Los Angeles Caregiver Resource Center 3715 McClintock Avenue Los Angeles, CA 90089-0191 or in CA (800) 540-4442 www.usc.edu/lacrc Email: lacrc@usc.edu Fact Sheet: HIV-Associated Dementia Complex Definition HIV-Associated Dementia Complex (also known as AIDS Dementia Complex) is a progressive neurological disorder that can affect persons who are infected with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). HIV-Associated Dementia Complex (HAD) is thought to be a subcortical dementia and is characterized by cognitive, motor and behavioral impairments severe enough to interfere with an individual's ability to function occupationally or socially. Facts Although the precise incidence and prevalence of HIV-Associated Dementia Complex is uncertain, it has been estimated that as many as two-thirds of individuals with AIDS will develop dementia or related neurological disorders. The leading hypothesis regarding HAD is that it is caused by direct infection of the brain by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), the cause of AIDS. In 1987 the Centers for Disease Control included HIV-Associated Dementia Complex as a primary diagnostic condition that warrants a diagnosis of AIDS. Symptoms The early manifestations of HIV-Associated Dementia Complex may include: • Cognitive: Memory loss (difficulty recalling appointment times, telephone numbers, or names), impaired concentration (trouble keeping track of conversations or completing thoughts), and mental slowing (not as "quick" as usual, slower at responding to questions).

59. Medi News May aids dementia complex is a severely debilitating symptom ofAIDS, occurring in as many as 20% of untreated individuals. HIV http://www.mednet.ca/html/mn9807.htm

Cerebrospinal-Fluid HIV-1 RNA and Drug Concentrations Based on an article in The Lancet May - AIDS dementia complex is a severely debilitating symptom of AIDS, occurring in as many as 20% of untreated individuals. HIV-1 enters the central nervous system (CNS) early after primary infection, and prevention of the dementia may depend on penetration of antiviral drugs into the CNS. Since the introduction of zidovudine (AZT), the incidence of AIDS dementia complex has decreased substantially, but until recently the ability of the newer antiretroviral agents to penetrate into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) had not been tested. According to investigators, it is the actual absolute drug concentration in the CSF that is important to the patient. Based on that, all three of these drugs, AZT, 3TC and d4T, are equally effective in crossing the blood-brain barrier and are therefore active in the brain. The researchers reported that both d4T-plus-3TC and AZT-plus-3TC were equally effective in reducing HIV-1 RNA levels in the CSF of antiretroviral-naive patients with HIV-1 infection. All three drugs penetrated into the CSF and were active there, they reported in an "Early Report" article in the May 23 Lancet. The Dutch researchers concluded that antiretrovirals such as d4T and 3TC can successfully inhibit HIV replication in the CNS. This is one of the first trials which prove that drugs other than AZT work and are also able to suppress replication in the CNS.

60. AIDS-related Dementia - Alzheimer's Disease International This condition is usually referred to as aids dementia complex (ADC).More information aids dementia complex at AEGIS. Where next? http://www.alz.co.uk/alzheimers/aids.html

AIDS-related dementia HIV, the virus which leads to AIDS, can be a cause of dementia. The virus has been found in the brain of people with HIV as early as two days after initial infection. This condition is usually referred to as AIDS dementia complex (ADC). More information: AIDS Dementia Complex at AEGIS Where next? Other causes of dementia Alzheimer's disease Home About Alzheimer's ... About ADI Last updated: 14 Aug 2001. About Alzheimer's Causes of dementia Early symptoms Diagnosis ... Donate to ADI

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