1. Valley Fever Vaccine Project Of The Americas These people are among the thousands who have suffered from valley fever. Read how it affected their lives, why they http://www.valleyfever.com/

Project Links Other related sites Valley Fever Primer An in depth look that answers most of your questions T hese people are among the thousands who have suffered from Valley Fever. Read how it affected their lives, why they support a vaccine, and what you can do to help. This page was sponsored by Griffin Communications

2. Valley Fever Personal account of a dog diagnosed with this ailment. Discusses medication with special caution about checking prescriptions and their cost. http://www.aussielads.com/valley_fever.htm

top Home Up Allergies Hip Dysplasia ... Inflammatory Bowel Disease [ Valley Fever ] Valley Fever1 Best Friends Animal Hospital Augie's Story We would like to thank each and every one of you for your calls and emails of concern for Augie. We are glad that we have been able to offer others who are experiencing the devastating effects of this disease, some hope. Dr. Irene Brady's staff of Best Friends Animal Hospital in Mesa has graciously fielded all calls from the public (there have been many, some from other states), and for that we thank them. Both Dr. Brady and Dr. Stickland (and Bobbi, their receptionist...I can't forget her) have been our "saviors" in dealing with the many ailments that arise within our crew. They are also becoming "experts" in dealing with Lethal Whites , thanks to Kandoo Dimmer and Spirit Their genuine concern for all our animals makes each "crisis" easier to deal with. Having said that, because we feel it's important to acknowledge those who have been a part of this...here is Augie's latest updates: When Dimmer was diagnosed with Valley Fever, our Holistic Vet (who now treats Augie for his

3. Rift Valley Fever - A Disease That Can Spread With The Wind A mosquitoborne virual disease leading to serious economic losses in livestock, particularly sheep. Transmission, symptoms, related links. http://www.fao.org/NEWS/1998/rvf-e.htm

Rift Valley fever - a disease that can spread with the wind Rift Valley fever (RVF) - one of the priority diseases identified for attention by FAO's Emergency Prevention System ( EMPRES ) - is a mosquito-borne virus disease affecting ruminant animals and humans. It can cause very serious economic losses in livestock, particularly sheep. Goats, cattle, camels, Asian water buffaloes and possibly some wild antelopes are also susceptible. RVF was first described in the Rift Valley of Kenya in the early 1930s but it is now endemic in restricted sites throughout much of sub-Saharan Africa. Epidemics of the disease typically occur in cycles of five to 20 years. Recent major outbreaks hit Egypt in the late 1970s and Senegal and Mauritania in 1987. Because mosquitoes are easily carried long distances by wind, RVF has the potential to spread rapidly to new countries and even to new continents. The first sign of an epidemic of RVF is normally numerous abortions by pregnant sheep. An exceptionally high mortality rate in new-born sheep and goats is typical, with 90 percent of lambs and kids dying after showing little more than fever, lack of appetite and weakness. In older animals, the illness can also cause vomiting, blood-stained discharge from the nose, diarrhoea and jaundice. Older animals and cattle generally recover.

4. Do Dogs Get Valley Fever? Valley Secession Fever. Vote YES on Measure F Measure H. http://www.arl.arizona.edu/vfce/vfce.k9vf.html

Do Dogs Get Valley Fever? Like people, dogs are very susceptible to Valley Fever. Dogs primarily contract Valley Fever in the low desert regions of Arizona, New Mexico and southwestern Texas and the central deserts of California. Dogs accompanying people traveling through these areas or wintering in these warm climates have about the same chance as their owners of being exposed. Valley Fever is not contagious , but is acquired from the environment by dogs and humans alike. Dogs contract Valley Fever by inhaling spores distributed by wind and construction, and probably by digging and poking their curious noses in rodent burrows. Many dogs become infected with Valley Fever but do not become visibly ill or have only mild symptoms that are overlooked by owners and go away on their own. A lot of dogs are not so lucky and get very sick from the fungus. Areas in the U.S. where the Valley Fever fungus is found. What Are the Symptoms of Valley Fever in Dogs? Early symptoms commonly associated with primary disease are cough, fever, depression, and lack of appetite. Symptoms typically occur about 3 weeks after infection. Primary disease is limited to the lungs and may go away on its own, or the dog may become sick enough to require medication. In dogs, Valley Fever commonly spreads to other parts of the body. When this happens, the dog has

5. Valley Fever Vaccine Project Of The Americas valley fever has long plagued and mystified - man. The technical namefor valley fever is Coccidioidomycosis, or Cocci for short. http://www.valleyfever.com/whatis.htm

V alley Fever has long plagued - and mystified - man. Although it has been studied for the past 100 years, it is a disease that has remained impossible to control and difficult to treat. T he development of a vaccine is considered the only way to prevent this disease that costs so much...not only in terms of dollars, but also in human suffering. T his disease is serious, and can be fatal. It exacts a tremendous toll in personal and community resources. Valley Fever can't be eliminated, like smallpox and polio, but it can be controlled. We believe we have the basic knowledge, tools and people to develop a vaccine. Hans Einstein, M.D., F.A.C.P., F.C.C.P. Professor of Clinical Medicine U.S.C. School of Medicine Medical Director, Bakersfield Memorial Hospital T he technical name for Valley Fever is Coccidioidomycosis, or "Cocci" for short. It is caused by Coddidioides immitis , a fungus somewhat like yeast or mildew which lives in the soil. The tiny seeds, or spores, become wind-borne and are inhaled into the lungs, where the infection starts. Valley Fever is not contagious from person to person. It appears that after one exposure, the body develops immunity. Valley Fever is a sickness of degree. About 60 percent of the people who breathe the spores do not get sick at all. For some, it may feel like a cold or flu. For those sick enough to go to the doctor, it can be serious, with pneumonia-like symtoms, requiring medication and bed rest.

6. Valley Fever Facts valley fever is an emerging and sometimes deadly fungus infection. The valley fever fungus lives in soil and is spread through the air. http://www.astdhpphe.org/infect/valley.html

Valley Fever Valley fever is an emerging and sometimes deadly fungus infection. The valley fever fungus lives in soil and is spread through the air. Farmers, construction workers, and others who engage in activities that disturb the soil are at highest risk for valley fever. People with weak immune systems and persons of certain racial groups can become seriously ill from the infection. Valley fever is treatable with fungus-killing medicines. Persons at risk for valley fever should avoid exposure to dust and dry soil in areas where valley fever is common. What is valley fever? Valley fever is another name for the sometimes deadly infection coccidioidomycosis. It is called valley fever because the organism that causes it is commonly found in the soil of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and parts of Central and South America. Valley fever usually affects the lungs. When it affects other parts of the body, it is called disseminated valley fever. What is the infectious agent that causes valley fever? Valley fever is caused by Coccidioides immitis

7. Valley Fever Information Budster's information on valley fever. (DISCLAIMER) I AM NOT A DOCTOR, all information contained on this page is based http://members.tripod.com/~B_u_d/vf.htm

Budster's information on Valley Fever all information contained on this page is based on my personal experience, everyone's body is different, reacts differently, whatever... but why not listen, something I might have said could help, hopefully not hurt! Always listen to your doctor. BUT, if they are not 'experts' on vf, there is always a second opinion somewhere. With a little extra knowledge about your disease you may be able help yourself. What is Valley Fever? It's not a joke, that's for sure for sure (pun intended) What is coccidioidomycosis (Valley Fever)? Coccidioidomycosis is an infectious disease caused by inhaling spores of a fungus called Coccidioides . The disease starts out as a respiratory illness and may progress to a persistent infection. Disseminated coccidioidomycosis is the most severe form of the disease and is often fatal. Who gets coccidioidomycosis? Anyone who is present near dust-producing activities where soil or other materials contaminated with C. immitis are present can get coccidioidomycosis if enough spores are inhaled. People of African or Asian descent, pregnant women and people who are immunocompromised are at increased risk for developing Disseminated coccidioidomycosis. C. immitis grows in arid (dry) and semiarid areas of the Western Hemisphere. In the United States, this range extends from California to southern Texas, and includes parts of Utah.

8. Valley Fever Center For Excellence Para leer en Español. valley fever is primarily a disease of the lungs thatis common in the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico. http://vfce.arl.arizona.edu/

Biomedical Research Foundation of Southern Arizona Arizona Research Laboratories Southern Arizona VA Healthcare System University of Arizona ... Para leer en Español Valley Fever is primarily a disease of the lungs that is common in the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico. It is caused by the fungus Coccidioides immitis, which grows in soils in areas of low rainfall, high summer temperatures, and moderate winter temperatures. These fungal spores become airborne when the soil is disturbed by winds, construction, farming and other activities. In susceptible people and animals, infection occurs when a spore is inhaled. Within the lung, the spore changes into a larger, multicellular structure called a spherule. The spherule grows and bursts, releasing endospores which develop into spherules. Valley Fever symptoms generally occur within three weeks of exposure. Valley Fever is not a "contagious" disease, meaning it is not passed from person to person. Second infections are rare. This site has been visited: since 8/27/1997

9. 1998 - Rift Valley Fever In Mauritania EMC disease outbreak news from 1998 http://www.who.int/emc/outbreak_news/n1998/nov/n10nov1998.html

CSR Home Outbreak news Disease info Surveillance Disease outbreaks reported 10 November 1998 Rift Valley fever in Mauritania An outbreak of Rift Valley fever has occurred in the Aioun area, in south-eastern Mauritania. There have been 300-400 human cases (febrile disease), including 6 deaths between 15 and 30 September (some with haemorrhage and icterus). The latter were aged between 14 and 40 years, and all were from areas where goats, sheep, cattle and camels are raised. In the Assaba area, 2 patients were admitted to hospital; both died. The epidemic peaked in late September/early October, and the most recent case was reported around 25 October. Rift Valley fever virus has been isolated from 2 samples (1 postmortem) at the Pasteur Institute in Dakar (Senegal). Livestock were also severely affected (with up to 100% abortion rates for some species), which will have serious economic consequences for the population. The Ministry of Health has issued recommendations, and is carrying out investigations with the support of WHO and FAO. Go to the Outbreak News index Page top CSR Home WHO Home ... © WHO/OMS, 1998

10. Valley Fever Center For Excellence valley fever is primarily a disease of the lungs that is common in the southwestern United States and northwestern http://www.arl.arizona.edu/vfce

Biomedical Research Foundation of Southern Arizona Arizona Research Laboratories Southern Arizona VA Healthcare System University of Arizona ... Para leer en Español Valley Fever is primarily a disease of the lungs that is common in the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico. It is caused by the fungus Coccidioides immitis, which grows in soils in areas of low rainfall, high summer temperatures, and moderate winter temperatures. These fungal spores become airborne when the soil is disturbed by winds, construction, farming and other activities. In susceptible people and animals, infection occurs when a spore is inhaled. Within the lung, the spore changes into a larger, multicellular structure called a spherule. The spherule grows and bursts, releasing endospores which develop into spherules. Valley Fever symptoms generally occur within three weeks of exposure. Valley Fever is not a "contagious" disease, meaning it is not passed from person to person. Second infections are rare. This site has been visited: since 8/27/1997

11. Valley Fever What is valley fever? valley fever is primarily a disease of the lungs thatis common in the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico. http://vfce.arl.arizona.edu/ValleyFever/valley_fever.htm

Biomedical Research Foundation of Southern Arizona Arizona Research Laboratories Southern Arizona VA Healthcare System University of Arizona ... Arizona Health Sciences Center What is Valley Fever? Valley Fever is primarily a disease of the lungs that is common in the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico. It is caused by the fungus Coccidioides immitis , which grows in soils in areas of low rainfall, high summer temperatures, and moderate winter temperatures. These fungal spores become airborne when the soil is disturbed by winds, construction, farming and other activities. In susceptible people and animals, infection occurs when a spore is inhaled. Within the lung, the spore changes into a larger, multicellular structure called a spherule. The spherule grows and bursts, releasing endospores which develop into spherules. Valley Fever symptoms generally occur within three weeks of exposure. Valley Fever is not a "contagious" disease, meaning it is not passed from person to person. Second infections are rare. DIAGRAM OF LIFE CYCLE Spherule form (top half) multiplies in the lungs; mycelia (bottom half) grow in the soil

12. Special Pathogens Branch-CDC: Diseases-Rift Valley Fever Rift valley fever What is Rift valley fever? Go to top of page. These casesrepresent the first Rift valley fever cases identified outside Africa. http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvrd/spb/mnpages/dispages/rvf.htm

Mission Statement Disease / Virus Information Arenaviruses Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever ... Glossary Rift Valley Fever What is Rift Valley fever? RVF virus electron micrograph. Image courtesy, C. S. Goldsmith, M. D. Bowen and T. G. Ksiazek Rift Valley fever (RVF) is an acute, fever-causing viral disease that affects domestic animals (such as cattle, buffalo, sheep, goats, and camels) and humans. RVF is most commonly associated with mosquito-borne epidemics during years of unusually heavy rainfall. The disease is caused by the RVF virus, a member of the genus Phlebovirus in the family Bunyaviridae. The disease was first reported among livestock by veterinary officers in Kenya in the early 1900s. Where is the disease found? Go to map showing RVF distribution RVF is generally found in regions of eastern and southern Africa where sheep and cattle are raised, but the virus also exists in most countries of sub-Saharan Africa and in Madagascar. In September 2000, a RVF outbreak was reported in Saudi Arabia and subsequently Yemen. These cases represent the first Rift Valley fever cases identified outside Africa. RVF virus primarily affects livestock and can cause disease in a large number of domestic animals (this situation is referred to as an "epizootic"). The presence of an RVF epizootic can lead to an epidemic among humans who are exposed to diseased animals. The most notable epizootic of RVF, which occurred in Kenya in 1950-1951, resulted in the death of an estimated 100,000 sheep. In 1977, the virus was detected in Egypt (probably exported there in infected domestic animals from Sudan) and caused a large outbreak of RVF among animals and humans. The first epidemic of RVF in West Africa was reported in 1987 and was linked to construction of the Senegal River Project. The project caused flooding in the lower Senegal River area and altered interactions between animals and humans resulting in transmission of the RVF virus to humans.

13. CDC Travelers' Health Information On Rift Valley Fever . Rift valley fever (RVF) is a viraldisease that affects primarily livestock and people.......Rift valley fever. http://www.cdc.gov/travel/diseases/rift.htm

Contents Destinations Outbreaks Diseases Vaccinations ... GeoSentinel NEW! National Center for Infectious Diseases USDA/APHIS NEW! Importing food, plant, animal products U.S. State Department Pan American Health Organization World Health Organization Rift Valley Fever Description Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a viral disease that affects primarily livestock and people. It is transmitted by several means, including the bites of mosquitoes and other biting insects, and percutaneous inoculation or inhalation of aerosols from contaminated blood or fluids of infected animals. Occurrence Occasionally, outbreaks occur involving large numbers of human cases, for example, in the Nile Delta, Egypt (1978 and 1993), and the lower Senegal River basin of Mauritania (1987). A large epidemic also occurred in Kenya and Tanzania in 1997 and 1998. A recent outbreak (2000) of RVF occurred in southwestern Saudi Arabia and Yemen with a strain of RVF closely related to that of the 1997-1998 strain. This represented the first spread of the virus outside Africa, demonstrating its potential for spread to unaffected regions elsewhere in the tropics. Risk for Travelers The risk of RVF infection to people who travel to endemic areas is generally low. Risk factors for acquisition of RVF include exposure to the blood or tissues of sick animals, or exposure to infected mosquitoes.

14. What Is Valley Fever? What is valley fever? valley fever is primarily a disease of the lungs that is common in the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico. http://vfce.arl.arizona.edu/vemain.htm

What is Valley Fever? Valley Fever is primarily a disease of the lungs that is common in the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico. It is caused by the fungus Coccidioides immitis , which grows in soils in areas of low rainfall, high summer temperatures, and moderate winter temperatures. These fungal spores become airborne when the soil is disturbed by winds, construction, farming and other activities. In susceptible people and animals, infection occurs when a spore is inhaled. Within the lung, the spore changes into a larger, multicellular structure called a spherule. The spherule grows and bursts, releasing endospores which develop into spherules. Valley Fever symptoms generally occur within three weeks of exposure. Valley Fever is not a "contagious" disease, meaning it is not passed from person to person. Second infections are rare. DIAGRAM OF LIFE CYCLE Spherule form (top half) multiplies in the lungs; mycelia (bottom half) grow in the soil Valley Fever derives its name from its discovery in the San Joaquin Valley of California, where it was also referred to as "San Joaquin Valley fever", "desert fever", or "desert rheumatism". The medical name for Valley Fever is coccidioidomycosis (often shortened to "cocci", pronounced KOK-SEE), meaning a fungal infection ("mycosis") caused by the fungus Coccidioides Valley Fever is prevalent in the San Joaquin and Central Valleys of California, and in the hot, desert regions of southern Arizona (especially in the Phoenix and Tucson areas), southern Nevada, southern Utah, southern New Mexico, western Texas (especially around El Paso), and Mexico (in the states of Sonora and Chihuahua). In addition

15. Rift Valley Fever RIFT valley fever. Overview. Rift valley fever (RVF), is a zoonosis (a disease whichprimarily affects animals, but occasionally causes disease in humans). http://www.who.int/inf-fs/en/fact207.html

Fact Sheet No 207 Revised September 2000 RIFT VALLEY FEVER Overview Rift Valley Fever (RVF), is a zoonosis (a disease which primarily affects animals, but occasionally causes disease in humans). It may cause severe disease in both animals and humans leading to high morbidity and mortality. The death of RVF-infected livestock often leads to substantial economic losses. Since 1930, when the virus was first isolated during an investigation into an epidemic amongst sheep on a farm in the Rift Valley of Kenya, there have been outbreaks in sub-Saharan and North Africa. In 1997-98, there was a major outbreak in Kenya and Somalia. In September 2000, RVF was for the first time reported outside of the African Continent. Cases were confirmed in Saudi Arabia and Yemen. This virgin-soil epidemic in the Arabian Peninsula raises the threat of expansion into other parts of Asia and Europe. Many different species of mosquitoes are vectors for the RVF virus. There is, therefore, a potential for epizootics (epidemics amongst animals) and associated human epidemics following the introduction of the virus into a new area where these vectors are present. This has been demonstrated in the past and remains a concern. RVF Virus The virus, which causes RVF, is a member of the

16. 1998 - Rift Valley Fever In Mauritania 10 November 1998. Rift valley fever in Mauritania. An outbreak of Rift Valleyfever has occurred in the Aioun area, in southeastern Mauritania. http://www.who.int/disease-outbreak-news/n1998/nov/n10nov1998.html

CSR Home Outbreak news Disease info Surveillance Disease outbreaks reported 10 November 1998 Rift Valley fever in Mauritania An outbreak of Rift Valley fever has occurred in the Aioun area, in south-eastern Mauritania. There have been 300-400 human cases (febrile disease), including 6 deaths between 15 and 30 September (some with haemorrhage and icterus). The latter were aged between 14 and 40 years, and all were from areas where goats, sheep, cattle and camels are raised. In the Assaba area, 2 patients were admitted to hospital; both died. The epidemic peaked in late September/early October, and the most recent case was reported around 25 October. Rift Valley fever virus has been isolated from 2 samples (1 postmortem) at the Pasteur Institute in Dakar (Senegal). Livestock were also severely affected (with up to 100% abortion rates for some species), which will have serious economic consequences for the population. The Ministry of Health has issued recommendations, and is carrying out investigations with the support of WHO and FAO. Go to the Outbreak News index Page top CSR Home WHO Home ... © WHO/OMS, 1998

17. Rift Valley Fever Page Determine what actions can be implemented to predict futureoutbreaks of Rift valley fever and control its spread. http://www.cotf.edu/ete/modules/rift/rift.html

Determine what actions can be implemented to predict future outbreaks of Rift Valley fever and control its spread. Situation Background Information Introduction to Kenya Remote Sensing HTML code by Chris Kreger Maintained by ETE Team Last updated October 25, 2002 Puzzle Photo: Courtesy of Space Imaging EOSAT Privacy Statement and Center for Educational Technologies and the COTF/Classroom of the Future logo are registered trademarks of Wheeling Jesuit University.

18. What Is Known About Rift Valley Fever What is Known? Rift valley fever (RVF) virus was first isolated in 1931 fromthe blood of a newborn lamb and later from the blood of sheep and cattle. http://www.cotf.edu/ete/modules/rift/rvwhatisknown.html

What is Known? Rift Valley fever (RVF) virus was first isolated in 1931 from the blood of a newborn lamb and later from the blood of sheep and cattle. In the 1930s, one of the carriers for the virus was found to be the mosquito, as a result of the correlation of a series of events. In July 1930, Kenya was hit with very heavy rains that substantially increased the wetlands where mosquitoes bred. At the same time, occurrences of the disease increased. Those studying the disease made the connection between increased rains, wetlands, mosquitoes, and disease, and were eventually able to identify the virus associated with the disease. The RVF virus was isolated from mosquitoes belonging to several genera (Aedes, Culex, Mansonia, Anopheles, and Eretmapodites). The graph below supports the theory that RVF outbreaks (shown by x's) generally appear at times when rainfall is above average. During unusually moist periods, the rate of incidence of Rift Valley fever tends to be much higher than normal. Reprinted with permission of S. Karger AG, Basel.

19. Empres Transboundary Animal Diseases Bulletin No. 11 - RIFT VALLEY FEVER RIFT valley fever. PREDICTING RIFT valley fever. RIFT valley fever IN EASTERNAFRICA CHIEF VETERINARY OFFICERS (CVOS) WORKSHOP TCP/RAF/8821. http://www.fao.org/docrep/X3444e/x3444e01.htm

RIFT VALLEY FEVER PREDICTING RIFT VALLEY FEVER NASA scientists use satellite images to help track a disease and keep it under surveillance (NASA Press Release 99-81). According to their report in the 16 July issue of Science , satellite data can help predict Rift Valley fever outbreaks up to six months in advance. Aedes mosquitoes. The mosquitoes lay their eggs in moist soil when floodwaters recede. The young insects hatch when the area is reflooded and feed on local livestock. A second kind of mosquito, the genus Culex , then causes the large outbreaks by contracting the virus from infected livestock and spreading it rapidly. Culex mosquitoes are only prevalent when there are excessive rains. Heavy rains typically hit the area over eastern Africa when both oceans are warmer than normal. The virus causes death in livestock populations and produces influenza-like symptoms that can be fatal to humans. Linthicum suggests that insecticides placed into the soil months before the mosquito season will stop production of Aedes mosquitoes. "If you know when the outbreak is going to happen, you can treat areas near domestic animals and human populations," he said. According to Linthicum, there are safe ways to treat the soil to prevent the mosquitoes from hatching. There are also vaccines for livestock.

20. Message Board In order to respect individual confidentiality, the valley feverCenter will not respond to inquiries posted in this forum. The http://www.arl.arizona.edu/vfce/wwwboard/wwwboard.html

***This message board is no longer active. It will stay up as an archive, but if you would like to continue posting please visit our new board We are sorry for any inconvienence this may cause, but hopefully everyone will like the new one even better! In order to respect individual confidentiality, the Valley Fever Center will not respond to inquiries posted in this forum. The Valley Fever Center is not responsible for the content of individual's comments posted on the message board and reserves the right to remove messages that are not appropriate in content. If you have any questions or would like information, please contact the Valley Fever Center directly via our HOTLINE number at (520) 629-4777, e-mail us at vfever@arl.arizona.edu , or look at our frequently asked questions History of Coccidioidomycosis Peter Yeldham My VF Experience. Anyone know about more effective/sensitive blood tests? EH Re: My VF Experience. Anyone know about more effective/sensitive blood tests? EH Re: My VF Experience. Anyone know about more effective/sensitive blood tests?

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