41. Discovery Of A Lost Factoring Machine Built by a French amateur, E.O. Carissan, around 1919. Shallit, Williams and Morain include photographs and references to their paper. http://www.math.uwaterloo.ca/~shallit/Papers/carissan.html

Discovery of a Lost Factoring Machine J. Shallit, H. C. Williams and F. Morain In this paper, we discuss our discovery of a lost factoring machine, built by a French amateur, E.-O. Carissan, around 1919. The machine was located in the Observatoire de Bordeaux in Floirac, France, where it had been sitting in a drawer for approximately fifty years. Recently, this machine acquired a new home at the in Paris. This paper has appeared in the Mathematical Intelligencer (3) (Summer 1995), 41-47. Click here for additional color pictures of this machine. shallit@graceland.uwaterloo.ca

42. Eric Weisstein's World Of Mathematics Glossary of terms. Material ranges from undergraduate to research level.Category Science math...... 11,165 entries (more than one myriad), 100,814 crossreferences, 5,264 figures, 226 thisYear's Joint mathematics Meeting Attending the Joint math Meeting this http://mathworld.wolfram.com/

site last updated : Fri Mar 14 09:09:16 2003 CST 11,165 entries (more than one myriad ), 100,814 cross-references, 5,264 figures, 226 animated graphics live Java applets , and counting... FAQs MARCH 18, 2003 Say Hello to MathWorld Creator Eric Weisstein at this Year's Joint Mathematics Meeting Attending the Joint Math Meeting this year? If so, come say hello and share your comments with the author of MathWorld Mathematica Information Center Launched Wolfram Research unveils a new electronic resource for math, science, engineering, and education. New Kind of Science Lecture Tour Stephen Wolfram speaks to audiences nationwide about the new ideas and discoveries in his book. 2002 Fields Medalists Announced Laurent Lafforgue and Vladimir Voevodsky were awarded the 2002 Fields Medals ("Nobel Prizes of Mathematics"). Primality Testing Is Easy A new algorithm checks primality in polynomial time. Report a mathematical news item: news@mathworld.com

43. 26: Real Functions Real Functions entry from The Mathematical Atlas. Contains history, subfields, and many other references. http://www.math.niu.edu/~rusin/known-math/index/26-XX.html

Search Subject Index MathMap Tour ... Help! ABOUT: Introduction History Related areas Subfields POINTERS: Texts Software Web links Selected topics here 26: Real functions Introduction Real functions are those studied in calculus classes; the focus here is on their derivatives and integrals, and general inequalities. This category includes familiar functions such as rational functions. Calculus information goes here, perhaps. It is the express intention to exclude from this site any routine examples or theorems from comparatively elementary subjects such as introductory calculus. However, there are a few gems, some FAQs, and some nice theory even in the first semester course. There are some more subtle topics which don't often make it to a first-year course. History Applications and related fields Some elementary calculus topics may likewise be appropriate for inclusion in 28: Measure and Integration 40: Sequences and Series Approximations and expansions , and so on. Use of Newton's method is part of Optimization Articles which use results from calculus to solve some problem in, say, geometry would be included in that other page.)

44. F. Conjectures (Math 413, Number Theory) A collection of easily stated conjectures which are still open. Each conjecture is stated along with a collection of references. http://www.math.umbc.edu/~campbell/Math413Fall98/Conjectures.html

F. Conjectures Number Theory, Math 413, Fall 1998 A collection of easily stated number theory conjectures which are still open. Each conjecture is stated along with a collection of accessible references. The Riemann Hypothesis Fermat Numbers Goldbach's Conjecture Catalan's Conjecture ... The Collatz Problem The Riemann Hypothesis Def: Riemann's Zeta function, Z(s), is defined as the analytic extension of sum n infty n s Thm: Z( s )=prod i infty p i s , where p i is the i th prime. Conj: The only zeros of Z( s ) are at s s Thm: The Riemann Conjecture is equivalent to the conjecture that for some constant c x )-li( x c sqrt( x )ln( x where pi( x ) is the prime counting function. Refs: Unsolved Problems Elementary Number Theory http://www.utm.edu/research/primes/notes/rh.html (notes in Chris Caldwell's Prime Pages) http://match.stanford.edu/rh/ (Dan Bump's notes) Def: n is perfect if it is equal to the sum of its divisors (except itself). Examples are 6=1+2+3, 28, 496, 8128, ... Def: The n th Mersenne Number, M n , is defined by M n n Thm: M n is prime implies that n n is perfect. (Euclid)

45. Exambot Math references Handy reference sheets, including integral tables, rules of differentiation,and geometric formulae. math Links The best sites on the web for http://www.exambot.com/math.html

Check one: Home Procrastinate Study My Exambot Help Math Topics Find the exact math topic you want to tackle, and access all of the materials pertaining to it. Exams Final exams and Quizzes for Differential Calculus and Limits. Problems Search for individual exam problems in a wide range of math topics. References Handy reference sheets, including integral tables, rules of differentiation, and geometric formulae. Math Links The best sites on the web for helping you master your math classes. Other Exambot Features Take a Tour of Exambot See how Exambot will help you to get a A. Or at least avoid failing... My Exambot Customize Exambot to suit your own personal study program. Custom-Designed Math Exams Exambot will build a practice exam to your specifications. Very Handy Procrastination Tool Whenever you need another excuse to avoid studying, visit our random procrastination page, and let your marks slip away... Other Subjects: Physics Exambot Central Login: Password:

46. Surveys In Dynamical Systems references to several surveys and papers of introductory character which are available online. http://www.math.sunysb.edu/dynamics/surveys.html

Surveys in Dynamical systems available on-line We have collected references to several surveys and papers of introductory character which are available on-line. Please tell us about other survey or introductory papers available electronically webmaster@math.sunysb.edu Holomorphic Dynamics: An excellent introduction to the subject is Dynamics in One Complex Variable by J. Milnor, published by Vieweg 1999, 2nd edition 2000; Available through AMS (the original notes are available as preprint 90-5 ). A survey of the results on the geometry of polynomial Julia sets can be found in Local Connectivity of Julia Sets: Expository Lectures by J. Milnor and for a discussion of the combinatorics of the Mandelbrot set see Orbits, Rays and the Mandelbrot Set . Recent progress in the subject is surveyed in Frontiers in complex dynamics and The Classification of Conformal Dynamical Systems by C. McMullen, and Renormalization Ideas in Conformal Dynamics by M. Lyubich. For a measure/dimension theoretic viewpoint see the new survey by M. Urbanski, Measures and Dimensions in Conformal Dynamics Dynamics in Several Complex variables: The survey Complex dynamics in several variables by J. Smillie and G. Buzzard is available as MSRI Preprint 1996-011.

47. Matroid Miscellany references, sources and open problem, collected by Thomas Zaslavsky. http://www.math.binghamton.edu/zaslav/Matroids/

Matroid Miscellany by Thomas Zaslavsky Sources A list of places where you can get introduced to matroid theory at any level you wish. Problems Some open problems Matroid Theory: Where to Find It Out Speedy easy introduction: Steve Pagano's Matroids page. Short technical introductionss: Robin J. Wilson, "An introduction to matroid theory", American Mathematical Monthly Vol. 80 (1973), pp. 500-525. Robin J. Wilson, "Matroid theory", Ch. 9 of Introduction to Graph Theory , Academic Press, New York-London, 1972; 2nd edn., Academic Press, New York-London, 1979; 3rd edn., Longman, London, and Wiley, New York, 1985. Translated into Russian (1977; 1st edn.) and Polish (1985; 2nd edn.). For a thorough introduction: James Oxley, Matroid Theory , Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1992. The best introductory book. An exceptionally fine textbook. It doesn't cover everything (which would have been impossible); see the next two items for articles that make up the major omission. Theory of Matroids Introduces an important aspect omitted by Oxley. Thomas Brylawski and James Oxley, "The Tutte polynomial and its applications", Ch. 6 in: White

48. String Theory: A Happy Marriage Of Geometry And Physics An introductory description of this theory with references to current work being done in the Netherlands. http://www.math.leidenuniv.nl/~stieltjes/archief/biennial9596/frame/node5.html

Next: Strings in physics and Up: No Title Previous: Research Highlights String Theory: A Happy Marriage of Geometry and Physics Research Programme: Algebraic and Analytic Geometry Researcher: R.H. Dijkgraaf J.H.M.Dassen Fri Mar 20 16:01:06 MET 1998

49. Graphs Glossary Short definitions with crossreferences by Bill Cherowitzo. http://www-math.cudenver.edu/~wcherowi/courses/m4408/glossary.htm

Graph and Digraph Glossary A B C D ... V-Z Acyclic Digraph A digraph is acyclic if it contains no cycles Arc A directed edge of a digraph. Some authors use it as a synonym for an edge of a graph. Other synonyms for arc in a digraph are arrow, directed line, directed edge, and directed link. Arc List A representation of a digraph using the arcs of the digraph. Can be an unordered listing of the ordered pairs, or a pair of ordered lists with the starting vertex in one list and the ending vertex in the corresponding position of the second list. Adjacency Matrix A 0-1 square matrix whose rows and columns are indexed by the vertices. A 1 in the ij-th position of the matrix means that there is an edge (or arc ) from vertex i to vertex j. A indicates that there is no such edge (or arc). Can be used for both graphs and digraphs. Adjacency Structure A representation of a graph or digraph which lists, for each vertex, all the vertices that are adjacent to the given vertex. Adjacent Two vertices are adjacent if they are connected by an edge . We often call these two vertices neighbors . Two adjacent vertices: Bipartite Graph A graph is bipartite if the vertices can be partitioned into two sets, X and Y, so that the only

50. Saint Albertus Magnus Brief biography, with bibliographical references. From the Department of Mathematics, California State University, San Bernardino. http://www.math.csusb.edu/history/public_html/Mathematicians/Albertus.html

51. Books On Algebra A reading list by Lee Lady, University of Hawaii. http://www.math.hawaii.edu/~lee/algebra/references.html

Basic Books on Rings and Modules General Theory of Rings and Modules Lambeck, Rings and Modules This is a very nice, small, readable book. Most of all, it is interesting . It probably represents the strongest influence on the graduate algebra course I teach. P. M. Cohn, Algebra 3 volumes, covering undergraduate algebra, standard graduate topics, and advanced topics. Horrendously expensive. I. M. Isaacs, Algebra, a Graduate Course This covers many of the important topics in both commutative and non-commutative ring theory in quite a bit of detail. I've only skimmed through it, but it looks like a good alternative to Hungerford or Lang. Classical Theory of Artinian Rings Jacobson, The Theory of Rings (AMS Mathematical Surveys) This is very readable and has a lot of good stuff that's too old fashioned to be included in many more modern books. Herstein, NonCommutative Rings [Carus Monographs] This is somewhat comparable to the Jacobson book above. It's not quite as interesting, in my opinion, but it has a good exposition of the classical theory. Curtis and Reiner, Representations of Groups and Associative Algebras

52. Hot Math! References HOT math ! Teaching takes place in teachercentred classes. Learningtakes place in student-centred classes. Backgrounds. mathematics http://projects.edte.utwente.nl/hotmath/refs.htm

HOT Math ! Teaching takes place in teacher-centred classes. Learning takes place in student-centred classes. Backgrounds Mathematics lessons are more fun for both teacher AND student, when there is variation. Short videofilms, computers, recreational maths, practical problems are additional to the daily lessons in which the curriculum is strictly followed. Students are not empty vessels in which the mathematical knowlegde and skills can be poured. Besides practice, the students should discover and learn to discover. Mathematics is not merely reproducing but also actively producing. The manipulative materials in this HOTMath!-site are learners' materials and not demonstration aids for the teachers. Teaching aids which are held high in front of the classroom are important, too. They serve to explain. The HOTMath-materials are learning materials which serve to investigate mathematically. Short questions which need time to reply are more interesting than a long sequence of short answer questions. Very often students lose the thread because the question have no clear direction for them. Skemp: "An answer has more meaning to someone who has first asked a question."

53. CCSN Mathematics References This page is located online at http//www.ccsn.nevada.edu/math/references.htm.math 91. Prerequisite math 91. Possible references http://www.ccsn.nevada.edu/math/references.htm

Study References for Mathematics Placement The Diagnostic Test for any particular course is similar to the final exam for the prerequisite course. So, to prepare for a specific Diagnostic Test, familiarize yourself with the material covered in the prerequisite course. Although most textbooks are on reference in the CCSN Libraries, these references are provided as a courtesy. The CCSN Mathematics Department is not responsible for missing or outdated textbooks, or broken/expired website links. This page is located online at: http://www.ccsn.nevada.edu/math/references.htm Math 91 Basic College Mathematics A course in arithmetic. Topics include fractions, decimals, measurements, percents, ratio, and proportions. Possible References: Text: Any Basic Mathematics or Arithmetic textbook. Schaum's Outlines: Review of Elementary Mathematics , McGraw-Hill Online: http://www.ccsn.nevada.edu/math/basiclinks.htm http://www.ccsn.nevada.edu/math/websites.html#Arithmetic Math 93 Prealgebra A course intended to review arithmetic and preview elementary algebra. Topics include fractions, decimals, measurements, percents, ratio and proportions, variables, expressions and equations.

54. Welcome To The College Student Network! math EnglishSpanish However, references to published solutions usually are included,so if you can get to a good library, you can probably get to a solution. http://premiercollegestudent.com/memberaccess/search/References/Mathematics/Basi

55. Math On The Web: References AMS Website math on the Web Reference Materials. Dictionary (U Chicago) This formof the MerriamWebster Pocket dictionary contains 22,700 references and about http://www.ams.org/mathweb/mi-reference.html

Mathematics on the Web Reference Materials AMS Website Math on the Web Reference Materials Dictionaries and Thesauri English English-Other Handbooks ... Other Collections Dictionaries and Thesauri English Language Materials General Dictionaries Hypertext Webster Interface (Carnegie-Mellon U) Provides a point-and-click client interface (for non-linemode browsers) for accessing the various Webster's dictionary services on the Internet. OneLook Dictionaries One Look Dictionaries, The Faster Finder indexes 252136 words in 61 dictionaries (Nov 15, 1996) On-line English Grammar ARTFL Project Pocket Dictionary (U Chicago) This form of the Merriam-Webster Pocket dictionary contains 22,700 references and about 20,000 hyper-text cross references (Nov 15, 1996) Technical Dictionaries Biotechnology Dictionary (Indiana U) Online science dictionary! This illustrated glossary contains over 3700 terms associated with biochemistry, biotechnology, botany, cellular biology, chemistry, ecology, genetics, medicine, pharmacology and toxicology. Free On-Line Dictionary of Computing (Imperial College, London UK)

56. Allmath.com Other Math Links students/teachers/parents, includes lessons, tutorials, references and various algebracalculators. They have some neat tools! All Experts math Q A Volunteer http://www.allmath.com/2mlinks.asp

allmath.com Allmath Homepage Math Tools Flash Cards!!! Metric Converter Games The Magic Square Reference Pages Biographies of Math Math Glossary Multiplication Table Metric Conv. Factors ... Ask The Experts Visit our Dictionary! ALLwords.com About allmath.com Welcome! Privacy Statement Who are We? Advertise These pages are best viewed with a 4.0 or greater browser: Click Here to Download Internet Explorer Top Kid References Kid References Top 100 Family Sites A listing of top family oriented sites. Ranked by popularity, go and check it out! M@th en Prep@ For any French speaking visitors: M@th en Prep@ is a new French Math page. The maths presented there are teached in the so called "Classes Preparatoires aux grandes ecoles" (a typical french system) for studends who intend to become engineers. Math Homework Help Lots of helpful pointers and guides about algebra, geometry and trigonometry. Schoolwork.org Math Resources Resources and links geared toward older students, grades 7 and up. Algebra.help Algebra.Help Resource for students/teachers/parents, includes lessons, tutorials, references and various algebra calculators. They have some neat tools! Volunteer experts answer your questions about algebra, geometry, calculus, and advanced math topics for free! A great resource for students looking to learn more and adults trying to brush up!!

57. EducaToys - Learning Math - Books And References Learning math Books and references http://www.educatoys.com/cgi-bin/list.cgi?page=Learning-Math-References

58. NetBSD Problem Report #11878: Math(3) References Non-existant Infnan(3) Man Page ``man math'' references infnan(3) as...... 1.5_ALPHA (rkrGENERIC) 0 Sun Aug 6 174422 PDT 2000 root@/usr/src/sys/arch/i386/compile/rkrGENERICi386 http://www.netbsd.org/cgi-bin/query-pr-single.pl?number=11878

59. EchoEcho.Com - References FUNCTION. .GLOBAL. .math. .NUMBER. .OBJECT. .STRING. MICROSOFTCSS. NETSCAPE CSS. CSS COMPATIBILITY. OTHER references. 216 SAFE COLORS. NAMED COLORS. http://www.echoecho.com/qrmath.htm

JavaScript Objects : MATH OBJECT Printable Version Send Page To Friend the_link=location.search ? location.search.substring(1):"6,-1,'type=none','toc=on','core=on','methods=off','properties=off'"; eval('qr_show('+the_link+')'); HTML REFERENCE ALL HTML TAGS HTML 4.0 HTML 3.2 HTML 2.0 ... MICROSOFT TAGS JAVASCRIPT REF. JAVASCRIPT OBJECTS ....ARRAY ....BOOLEAN ....DATE ... ........DOCUMENT CSS REFERENCE MICROSOFT CSS CSS COMPATIBILITY OTHER REFERENCES 216 SAFE COLORS NAMED COLORS HTML CHARACTER SET COUNTRY CODES ... DOMAIN LOOK UP Got unanswered questions related to this page? Visit the Talk Back Page and post your questions! DEVELOPER TIP! "Better Than Books - As Easy As It Gets!"

60. Math Markup Language (References) Up Table of Contents, Working Draft 11Feb-98. references. Buswell, S., Healey , ER Pike, and M. Pike; SGML and the Semantic Representation http://www.w3.org/TR/1998/REC-MathML-19980407/refs.html

Up: Table of Contents Working Draft 11-Feb-98 References Buswell, S. , Healey , E.R. Pike, and M. Pike; "SGML and the Semantic Representation of Mathematics", UIUC Digital Library Initiative SGML Mathematics Workshop, May 1996 and SGML Europe 96 Conference, Munich 1996 Chaudry,T.W., P.R.Barrett, and C.Batey; "The Printing of Mathematics. Aids for authors and editors and rules for compositors and readers at the University Press, Oxford", Oxford University Press, London, 1954, ix + 105 pp. Drucker,Peter; Forbes, 10 Mar 1997 [quoted by Gene Klotz] Higham, Nicholas J.; Handbook of writing for the mathematical sciences. Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (SIAM), Philadelphia, PA, 1993. xii+241 pp. ISBN: 0-89871-314-5 Knuth, Donald E.; The T E Xbook. American Mathematical Society, Providence, RI and Addison-Wesley Publ. Co., Reading, MA, 1986, ix + 483 pp. ISBN: 0-201-13448-9 http://www.w3.org/pub/WWW/TR/REC-CSS1 OpenMath Release 1, December 1996; www.openmath.org Pierce, John R.; "An Introduction to Information Theory". Symbols, Signals and Noise.", Revised edition of "Symbols, Signals and Noise: the Nature and Process of Communication" (1961). Dover Publications Inc., New York, 1980, xii + 305 pp. ISBN 0-486-24061-4 Poppelier, N.A.F.M., E. van Herwijnen, and C.A. Rowley; "Standard DTD's and Scientific Publishing" , EPSIG News 5 (1992) #3, September 1992, 10-19.

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