Geometry.Net - Health_Conditions: Basal Ganglia Diseases

Diseases Of The Basal Ganglia
Diseases of the Basal Ganglia. As with brain research generally, much of what isknown about the basal ganglia comes from studying diseases which affect them.
http://www.hitl.washington.edu/publications/prothero/node52.html

Extractions: As with brain research generally, much of what is known about the basal ganglia comes from studying diseases which affect them. This section briefly outlines the range of diseases which are caused by damage to the basal ganglia. Damage to both the basal ganglia and the supplementary motor area are correlated with impaired performance on sequential tasks [ The ``theme'' of diseases affecting the basal ganglia appears to be that the balance between the two major pathways is disturbed: the result is either involuntary movements or impairments to motion. According to Kandel et al. ], the impaired motions include ``lack of movement (akinesia), slowness of movement (bradykinesia), and the shuffling gait of Parkinson's disease.'' The list of involuntary movements includes tremors (rhythmic, involuntary, oscillatory movements), athetosis (slow, writhing movements of the fingers and hands, and sometimes of the toes), chorea (abrupt movements of the limbs and facial muscles), ballism (violent, flailing movements), and
Basal Ganglia Diseases
basal ganglia diseases. Back to previous level Alzheimer DiseaseSearch PUBMED for Alzheimer Disease All Review Therapy Diagnosis;
http://www.ohsu.edu/cliniweb/C10/C10.228.140.79.html
Brain Diseases
basal ganglia diseases 13 more specific term/s, 107 more link/s SearchPUBMED for basal ganglia diseases All Review Therapy Diagnosis;
http://www.ohsu.edu/cliniweb/C10/C10.228.140.html
Basal Ganglia Diseases
basal ganglia diseases. Back to previous level
http://medir.ohsu.edu/cliniweb/C10/C10.228.140.79.html
A New Striatal Model And Its Relationship To Basal Ganglia Diseases - Connolly,
A New Striatal Model and its Relationship to basal ganglia diseases (1993) (Make Corrections) (5 citations)
http://citeseer.nj.nec.com/connolly93new.html

Extractions: Abstract: A new model of the striatum has recently been proposed. This model suggests that the somatotopic regions of the striatum correspond to state spaces governing various aspects of organism behavior (e.g., reaching, egomotion, task planning). The model is reviewed, and shown to be applicable to sequencing tasks. The model is also discussed in the context of some basal ganglia diseases. 1 Introduction In (Connolly and Burns, 1993), a model was proposed for the operation of the striatum, along... (Update)
Basal Ganglia Diseases
http//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/disease/Brain.html. Parkinson_disease Praderwilli_syndromeRett_syndrome Spinocerebellar atrophy Williams_syndrome
http://freesense.free.fr/Diseases/c/1111.htm

Extractions: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/disease/Brain.html Prader-willi_syndrome Spinocerebellar atrophy Williams_syndrome THE BRAIN and nervous_system form an intricate network of electrical signals that are responsible_for coordinating muscles, the senses, speech, Alzheimer brain plaques and the inclusion_bodies found in contain at_least one common component, Tropes Web V1.0
Www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2K/MB_cgi?term=Basal+Ganglia+Diseases
Similar pages HONselect Brain Diseases MeSH Narrow term(s) Auditory Diseases, Central, basal ganglia diseases. BrainAbscess, Brain Damage, Chronic. Brain Diseases, Metabolic, Brain Injuries.
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2K/MB_cgi?term=Basal Ganglia Diseases
GeneReviews : Familial Idiopathic Basal Ganglia Calcification
of the review. Free access to the fulltext version of the reviewrequires brief registration. basal ganglia diseases / genetics.
http://omni.ac.uk/whatsnew/detail/4007455.html

Extractions: Back to whats new page. GeneReviews : familial idiopathic basal ganglia calcification Notes for physicians on familial idiopathic basal ganglia calcification (FIBGC), a neurodegenerative disorder. This document includes diagnosis, a clinical description, differential diagnosis, management, genetic counselling, and molecular genetics. Posted in April 2002, this resource forms part of GeneReviews (formerly GeneClinics profile), a peer-reviewed clinical genetic information resource that is funded by the US National Institutes of Health (NIH) and produced by the University of Washington, Seattle. This resource contains a summary and bibliographical references of the review. Free access to the full-text version of the review requires brief registration. Basal Ganglia Diseases / genetics
Psyc 473 Lecture Notes - Basal Ganglia
DISEASES OF THE BASAL GANGLIA Tremors. The basal ganglia diseases arethought to be positive. Parkinson's Disease (paralysis agitans).
http://www.psych.ucalgary.ca/CourseNotes/old/PSYC476/basalganglia.html
22-02: Essentials Of Human Physiology
As a result, basal ganglia diseases such as Parkinson's Disease are accompaniedby impaired ability to perform preparatory movements, and patients appear to
http://www.geocities.com/HotSprings/3468/22-02.html

Extractions: Cerebellum The Basal Ganglia exert their influence over networks that link the Motor Cortex to other Cortical areas. They behave as a variable filter, with two primary functions: Basal Ganglia participate in motor control only if incoming signals are facilitated by Dopaminergic input from the Substantia Nigra Compacta . The loss of this facilitation leads to Parkinson's Disease. In their subsequent function, the Basal Ganglia facilitate or inhibit the incoming signals and modify them by signals from the SubThalamic Nucleus The overall effect of Basal Ganglia activity on motor activity is inhibition of inappropriate networks that link the Motor Cortex to the entire Non-Motor portion of the Cerebral Cortex They are of particular importance for the selection of bridging (preparatory) subprograms that move a Limb or Muscle from its initial position to one from which a standard Motor program can continue.
Entrez-PubMed
Antipsychotic Agents/administration dosage; basal ganglia diseases/therapy;basal ganglia diseases/epidemiology; basal ganglia diseases
http://www.biomedcentral.com/pubmed/9541337

Extractions: Summary Brief Abstract Citation ASN.1 MEDLINE XML UI List LinkOut Related Articles Domain Links 3D Domain Links Genome Links ProbeSet Links Nucleotide Links OMIM Links PMC Links Cited in PMC PopSet Links Protein Links SNP Links Structure Links Show: Sort Author Journal Pub Date Text File Clipboard Order
Entrez-PubMed
Agents/adverse effects*; basal ganglia diseases/epidemiology; BasalGanglia Diseases/chemically induced; Cohort Studies; Drug Therapy
http://www.biomedcentral.com/pubmed/10847307

Extractions: Summary Brief Abstract Citation ASN.1 MEDLINE XML UI List LinkOut Related Articles Domain Links 3D Domain Links Genome Links ProbeSet Links Nucleotide Links OMIM Links PMC Links Cited in PMC PopSet Links Protein Links SNP Links Structure Links Show: Sort Author Journal Pub Date Text File Clipboard Order
UMHS Department Page
Clinical Activities Ataxia clinic. Research Interests Cerebellar diseasesbasal ganglia diseases Dementia Positron emission tomography.
http://www.med.umich.edu/neuro/resfaculty.htm
SyMoN - Dr Peter Pramstraa
The basal ganglia modulate cortical function and the altered function of basal gangliathalamo cortical circuitry in basal ganglia diseases can be approached
http://www.bham.ac.uk/symon/people/peter.htm

Extractions: Home People Location Labs ... Up Co-Director Research Interests Main research interests are in sensorimotor physiology and neurological movement disorders. Movement disorders like Parkinsons disease offer an opportunity to study the physiology and the function of the basal ganglia. The basal ganglia modulate cortical function and the altered function of basal ganglia thalamo- cortical circuitry in basal ganglia diseases can be approached by means of non-invasive research methods like EEG, event-, and movement-related potentials. Basal ganglia and the cortical motor system are increasingly recognised as involved in cognitive functions. In our research this aspect is addressed in studies on visual spatial attention and visuomotor function in Parkinsons disease and in work on the timing function of the lateral premotor cortex and the basal ganglia. Recent publications: Praamstra P, Meyer AS, Cools AR, Horstink MWIM, Stegeman DF (1996) Movement preparation in Parkinson's disease: Time course and distribution of movement-related potentials in a movement precueing task. Brain Praamstra P, Stegeman DF, Cools AR, Horstink MWIM (1998) Reliance on external cues for movement initiation in Parkinsons disease; Evidence from movement-related potentials.
ClinicalTrials.gov - Linking Patients To Medical Research: Browse: B
6. Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome (1 study recruiting). 7. basal ganglia diseases(48 studies recruiting). 8. Behavior (121 studies recruiting).
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct/gui/screen/BrowseAny?recruiting=true&path=/brow
ClinicalTrials.gov - Linking Patients To Medical Research: Browse: B
6. Bacterial Infections and Mycoses (304 studies). 7. Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome (2studies). 8. basal ganglia diseases (72 studies). 9. Behavior (179 studies). 10.
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct/gui/screen/BrowseAny?recruiting=false&path=/bro
Caudate Nucleus
absence of triggering stimuli. It is also consistent with the breakdownof postural mechanisms that occur in basal ganglia diseases.
http://dubinserver.colorado.edu/prj/jde/DOCS/bdiv.htm

Extractions: the pars compacta is the dorsal, darkly pigmented zone comprised of dopaminergic neurons whose cell bodies contain neuromelanin The globus pallidus and the substantia nigra pars reticula constitute the major output nuclei of basal ganglia. Location The basal ganglia lie deep within the cerebral hemispheres, the diencephalon, and the mesencephalon. The cerebral hemispheres hold the caudate, putamen, and globus pallidus. The diencephalon holds the subthalamic nucleus.
M2cnsdeg
Disease). Extrapyramidal/basal ganglia diseases include Parkinson'sDisease, Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (also Huntington's Disease).
http://www.neuro.nwu.edu/meded/m2/m2cnsdeg.html

Extractions: CNS Degenerative Disease Numa Marquez-Sterling, MD, Northwestern University Medical School Return to Education Index This material is the lecture handout for the lecture of the same title for the Scientific Basis of Medicine Course, offered to 2nd Year Medical Students at Northwestern University Medical School. Background CNS degenerative diseases are characterized by progressive, selective neuronal loss in defined regions or functional systems (e.g., cerebellum, basal ganglia, upper or lower motor neurons, associative neocortex) with varying degrees of replacement gliosis . Associated histopathologic changes include neuronal inclusions (e.g., Lewy bodies , neurofibrillary tangles) and extraneuronal accumulations (e.g., senile plaques). Etiology or primary inciting pathophysiologic event is generally unknown (i.e., these diseases are generally regarded as idiopathic ). Degenerative diseases may be sporadic or inherited . For some diseases both sporadic (predominate) and inherited (lesser component; generally autosomal dominant) forms exist (e.g., sporadic and familial Alzheimer's Disease). Degenerative diseases range from very common (e.g., Alzheimer's Disease) to very rare (e.g., Hallervorden-Spatz Disease). Prevalence generally increases with age . Treatment options are generally quite limited and consist largely of palliative/supportive care. Goals / Basic Concepts 1. Understand the basic paradigm for neurodegenerative disease as summarized above (SEE also summary figures below).
Research
Pathogenesis and treatment of basal ganglia diseases. CL Rice Anatomicaland functional divisions of skeletal muscle contraction.
http://www.uwo.ca/anatomy/research.htm

Extractions: Program Graduate Program ... D. J. Belliveau The role of neurotrophins and their receptors in neuronal growth. The role of p75NTR in neuronal death. Neurotrophin therapy and peripheral neuropathies. S. M. Bernier Molecular events involved in cartilage development, response to injury and inflammation. Correlation of changes in activation of individual signalling pathways such as PKC and MAP kinase. Identification of differentially expressed genes that are functionally involved in the progression of chondrocyte differentiation. D. F. Cechetto The role neurotransmitters and neuropeptides play in normal and abnormal cardiac function. Stroke and neurodegeneration. B. A. Flumerfelt Chemical neuroanatomy of the basal ganglia. The role of neurotransmitters and receptors in motor disorders. Neural transplantation as a therapeutic strategy in Parkinson's and Huntington's disease. J. A. Kiernan The role of blood-tissue barriers in responses of the nervous system to injury, disease and neuron death. The mechanisms of cell death as it relates to the neuron and neurodegenerative diseases. Histochemical processes involved in the fixation and staining of tissues. P. K. Lala
Snyder1.html
Some major dopaminerelated basal ganglia diseases, including Parkinson'sDisease, can be ameliorated by estrogen replacement therapy.
http://neurobio.mcphu.edu/SnyderWeb/snyder.html

Extractions: Some major dopamine-related basal ganglia diseases, including Parkinson's Disease, can be ameliorated by estrogen replacement therapy. However, the biological basis for the ability of estrogen to protect and/or promote dopamine actions on brain neurons is unclear. A second major interest in my laboratory is to seek to define the biochemical interactions of dopamine and the female sex hormones, estrogen and progesterone, in the basal ganglia. These experiments are aimed at characterizing elements of the dopamine signaling cascade that may be impacted by the sex hormones. To date, these studies have identified DARPP-32, a d opamine and c A MP- r egulated p hospho p rotein (Mr kDa) as a substrate that is phosphorylated in response to estrogen replacement in female ovariectomized rats. Future studies will seek to identify downstream substrates of DARPP-32 as possible targets for estrogen (and neurosteroid) action. In addition, behavioral measures will be used to assess estrogen's impact on dopamine-mediated behavioral function. The eventual goal of these experiments is to uncover the molecular basis for the facilitation of dopamine function by estrogen.

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