Geometry.Net - Health_Conditions: Basal Ganglia Diseases

Lecture 38 - Basal Ganglia - Motor Dysfunction Related To Basal
Certain diseases which are associated with disruption of transmitter systemsin the basal ganglia, produce characteristic movement disorders.
http://nba5.med.uth.tmc.edu/academic/neuroscience/lectures/section_3/lecture38_1
Cognitive Deficits Following Stroke In The Basal Ganglia
In the present article the impact of basal ganglia lesions on cognitive functions Otherstudies focus on degenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease or
http://www.nici.kun.nl/Publications/1998/11169.html
UR Faculty: Suzanne N. Haber
Neuroscience. Research basal ganglia and Degenerative diseases. ContactInformation EMail suzanne_haber@urmc.rochester.edu. University
http://www.urmc.rochester.edu/gebs/faculty/suzanne_haber.htm
Introduction_page
In earlier literature, the basal ganglia and its motor circuit were referred to Symptoms,Syndromes and diseases MovDis can be divided into two types depending
http://movdisrn.neuroinstitute.org/introduc.htm

Extractions: Movement disorders (MovDis) is a subspeciality of neuroscience that has its base in neurology but with implications in other fields, e.g. neurosurgery, psychiatry, neuropsychology, geriatrics, pediatrics, rehabilitation, long-term care and genetics. The term Mov Dis has been used for approximately 20 years now and has, despite being somewhat controversial, gained acceptance within the neuroscience community. The term MovDis can be defined as: "... neurological syndromes in which there is either an excess of movement... or a paucity of voluntary and automatic movements, unrelated to weakness or spasticity." (Stanley Fahn 1996) In addition to this definition, it should be added that even though there are MovDis originating from other structures within the nervous system, a general rule is that MovDis are caused by dysfunction of the basal ganglia and/or its direct functional connections within the CNS. It is thus important to be aware of the distinction between MovDis and mobility disorders. For example, paresis and spasticity secondary to stroke are not defined as MovDis. Further, conditions like e.g. epilepsy and multiple sclerosis (MS) are not considered MovDis, although they frequently manifest themselves with one or several MovDis signs.
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also to the development of therapeutic approaches to neurological diseases. differentiationof striatal neurons and neuronal plasticity in the basal ganglia.
http://www.ym.edu.tw/nsi/teacher/Liu.html

Extractions: Ápµ¸¹q¸Ü¡G(02) 2826-7216¡@ ¶Ç¯u¡G(02) 2820-0259¡@ e-mail¡G fuchin@ym.edu.tw Neural Development and Plasticity of the Basal Ganglia in the Mammalian Ventral Forebrain Liu F-C , Takahashi H, McKay RDG, Graybiel AM (1995) Dopaminergic regulation of transcription factor expression in organotypic cultures of developing striatum. J Neurosci Liu F-C , Graybiel AM (1996) Spatiotemporal dynamics of CREB phosphorylation: Transient versus sustained phosphorylation in the developing striatum. Neuron Liu F-C , Graybiel AM (1998) Region-dependent dynamics of cAMP response element-binding protein phosphorylation in the basal ganglia. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA Liu F-C , Graybiel AM (1999) Neural development of the striatal dopamine system. In: The Development of Dopaminergic Neurons, (U. di Porzio , Pernas-Alonso R, C.Perrone-Capano eds). Landes Biosciences, Texas, pp.87-100. Wang H-F
GeneReviews: Diseases And Overviews
AtaxiaTelangiectasia Atelosteogenesis Type 2 BRCA1 and BRCA2 Hereditary BreastCancer basal ganglia Calcification, Familial Idiopathic Beckwith-Wiedemann
http://www.geneclinics.org/profiles/all.html
GeneClinics: Diseases And Overviews
Telangiectasia Atelosteogenesis Type 2 BRCA1 and BRCA2 Hereditary Breast/OvarianCancer basal ganglia Calcification, Familial Idiopathic BeckwithWiedemann
http://www.geneclinics.org/profiles/
2002 Greenberg - Basal Ganglia Review
While diseases of the basal ganglia can impair learning of sensorimotorskills,. Tasks such as mirror tracing that improve with practice.
http://www.bio.utk.edu/Neils.nsf/9e9a470d5230cdda852563ef0059fa56/89b6c6545b8412
Neuroguide.com - Neuroscience Online Exams And Tutorials
Disorders of the basal ganglia, Spinal Cord and Cerebellum (University of California,Davis). In Situ AdultOnset Neurodegenerative diseases (HMS Beagle Review
http://www.neuroguide.com/neuroresac_3_neuroscience_diseases.html

Extractions: MSActiveSource - Click Here Neuroscience Online Exams and Tutorials Table of Contents of This Section Techniques (including Diagnosis and Concepts) Neuroscience: Diseases Alzheimer's Disease Society - Memory Quiz Chemical Neurolysis (Nerve Blocks) - RehabNET Coma (University of California, Davis) Convulsive Disorders (University of California, Davis) ... WHO 2000 Classification of Brain Tumors (images and descriptions) To Table of Contents of This Page To the Top of This Page Neurosciences on the Internet http://www.neuroguide.com/ Neil A. Busis, M.D. nab@neuroguide.com
Nomenclature
EXAMINATION, TECHNOLOGY; BARTTER SYNDROME; basal ganglia; basal ganglia,CALCIFICATION; basal ganglia, CT; basal ganglia, diseases; basal ganglia
http://www.med.univ-rennes1.fr/cerf/iradiology/b_radio.html

Extractions: BARIUM BARIUM ENEMA EXAMINATION BARIUM ENEMA EXAMINATION, COMPLICATIONS BARIUM ENEMA EXAMINATION, TECHNOLOGY BARTTER SYNDROME BASAL GANGLIA BASAL GANGLIA, CALCIFICATION BASAL GANGLIA, CT BASAL GANGLIA, DISEASES BASAL GANGLIA, MR BASAL GANGLIA, NEOPLASMS BASE OF SKULL BATTERED CHILDREN BERYLLIUM BEZOAR BILE DUCT RADIOGRAPHY BULE DUCT RADIOGRAPHY, CONTRAST MEDIA BULE DUCT RADIOGRAPHY, INTRAOPERATIVE BULE DUCT RADIOGRAPHY, TECHNOLOGY BILE DUCTS BILE DUCTS, ABNORMALITIES BILE DUCTS, ANATOMY BILE DUCTS, BIOPSY BILE DUCTS, CALCULI BILE DUCTS, CT BILE DUCTS, CYSTS BILE DUCTS, DISEASES BILE DUCTS, ENDOSCOPIC DRAINAGE BILE DUCTS, ENLARGED BILE DUCTS, HEMORRAGHE BILE DUCTS, INFLAMMATION BILE DUCTS, INJURIES BILE DUCTS, INTERVENTIONAL PROCEDURE BILE DUCTS, LEAKAGE BILE DUCTS, MR BILE DUCTS, NEOPLASMS BILE DUCTS, OBSTRUCTION BILE DUCTS, PERCUTANEOUS DRAINAGE
Diseases And Conditions -- Discovery Health -- Trembling
nervous system. Damage to areas of the brain called the cerebellum andbasal ganglia are most likely to cause trembling. basal ganglia
http://health.discovery.com/diseasesandcond/encyclopedia/3242.html

Extractions: trembling By Adam Brochert, MD The term trembling is generally used to describe involuntary or unintentional shaking. What is going on in the body? Many people have experienced trembling before. It can happen when a person is cold or nervous. However, trembling has many causes, and some of those causes can be quite serious. What are the signs and symptoms of the condition? When a person complains of trembling, the healthcare provider will want to know: exactly what the trembling is like when the trembling started whether it is constant or occurs only sometimes what areas of the body are affected, such as the whole body or only one arm whether the trembling is related to movement or occurs at rest whether there is any family history of trembling what medications the person may be taking what medical conditions the person may have any other symptoms the person may be having Other questions may also be asked. What are the causes and risks of the condition? There are many possible causes of trembling. These include: strong emotion, such as fear, anger, or anxiety
MedCirca.com | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
basal cell carcinoma. basal ganglia. basal ganglia cerebrovascular disease. basalganglia diseases. basal ganglia hemorrhage. basal insulin. basal metabolism.
http://www.medcirca.com/indexhome.asp?page=b
Spectrum Winter 2001 - In This Issue
a small surgical change in one small area of its basal ganglia, it will such resultsfuel undue optimism about easy remedies for human addictions or diseases.
http://web.mit.edu/giving/spectrum/winter01/changing-habits.html

Extractions: Brain Studies May Help Us Overcome Destructive Behaviors As many of us are reminded each New Year's Day, there's nothing quite so relentlessly and painfully recalcitrant as a bad habit. Sure, most of us have had successes along the way. But there are usually one or two habits a persistent weakness for chocolate, an inability to leave your car keys where they're supposed to go that seem basically unshakable. "We live mostly by habit," says Ann Graybiel, an MIT professor of brain and cognitive sciences, who wants to find out why we persist in certain behaviors. She hopes her efforts will someday yield remedies for unwanted habits. Ann Graybiel, an MIT professor of brain and cognitive sciences, wants to find out why we persist in certain behaviors. She hopes her efforts will someday help yield remedies for unwanted habits. Graybiel is quick to note that many habits are good. If we had to plan out every step each time we wanted to, say, start the car, daily existence would be a monumental struggle. "We live mostly by habit," she observes. But she also says that all habits seem to stem from generally similar types of brain activity. "If we can understand that mechanism," says Graybiel, "I personally believe that we will find new ways to change behaviors that are destructive."
Basal Ganglia Research Group: News
BETTER treatments for addiction. and brain diseases including Parkinson's andschizophrenia are likely after a New Zealand scientific team's discovery.
http://anatomy.otago.ac.nz/basal_ganglia_research/news.html
Anton J. Reiner, Ph.D.
With respect to the function and diseases of basal ganglia, two issues are beingexplored 1) how do the different types of neurons differ in their role in
http://an.utmem.edu/main/faculty/Reiner_cv.html

Extractions: The work in this laboratory focuses on the organization, function, and diseases of the basal ganglia and visual system, and on the evolution and fundamental organization of the vertebrate forebrain. With respect to basal ganglia organization and function, we are exploring the neural substrate by which different types of cortical and basal ganglia neurons differ in their role in movement control. We are particularly interested in whether different types of cortical neurons communicate with different types of basal ganglia neurons to mediate different aspects of movement control. To address such issues, we use LM and EM labeling methods (pathway tracing, immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization) in various combinations to determine the neurotransmitters used by specific cells types, the inputs and outputs of those cells types, and the receptor mechanisms involved in those inputs and outputs. In our work on basal ganglia disease, we study the means by which the gene mutation in Huntington's disease leads to selective destruction of neurons in the striatal part of the basal ganglia. We use experimental animal models and genetically engineered mice, and we have been particularly interested in the possibility that the mutation perturbs the function of cortical neurons projecting to striatum so as to render them injurious to their target striatal neurons. This injury process could involve excess glutamate release from corticostriatal terminals or diminished production by corticostriatal neurons of neurotrophic factors needed for survival by striatal neurons.
Virtual Children's Hospital: Functional Anatomy Of Basal Ganglia
Resource from the University of Iowa Virtual Hospital on the anatomy of the basal ganglia. Review gross features and neuronal populations.
http://www.vh.org/Providers/Textbooks/BasalGanglia/BasalGanglia.html

Extractions: Last Revision Date: October 1998 Table of Contents Definitions and Nomenclature Gross Features Neuronal Populations Connections Cortico-Striato-Thalamo-Cortical Loops Function Blood Supply Clinical Correlates Tables Blood Supply of Basal Ganglia Figures Schematic Diagram of the Direct and Indirect Corticostriate Projections Schematic Diagram of Nigrostriatal Pathway Schematic Diagram of the Direct and Indirect Striatopallidal Pathways Schematic Diagram of the Major Connections of the Basal Ganglia ... Coronal Brain Section from a Patient with Huntington's Chorea Showing Atrophy of the Caudate Nucleus See related Provider Textbooks about
Basal Ganglia Calcification
a CHORUS notecard document about basal ganglia calcification basal ganglia calcification. idiopathic normal variant (50%)
http://chorus.rad.mcw.edu/doc/00036.html
Virtual Children's Hospital: Functional Anatomy Of Basal Ganglia
Functional Anatomy of basal ganglia. Chorea; Athetosis; Ballism; Dystonia;Motor Tics; Parkinson's Disease. Tables Blood Supply of basal ganglia.
http://www.vh.org/adult/provider/anatomy/BasalGanglia/BasalGanglia.html

Extractions: Last Revision Date: October 1998 Table of Contents Definitions and Nomenclature Gross Features Neuronal Populations Connections Cortico-Striato-Thalamo-Cortical Loops Function Blood Supply Clinical Correlates Tables Blood Supply of Basal Ganglia Figures Schematic Diagram of the Direct and Indirect Corticostriate Projections Schematic Diagram of Nigrostriatal Pathway Schematic Diagram of the Direct and Indirect Striatopallidal Pathways Schematic Diagram of the Major Connections of the Basal Ganglia ... Coronal Brain Section from a Patient with Huntington's Chorea Showing Atrophy of the Caudate Nucleus See related Provider Textbooks about
Virtual Children's Hospital: Functional Anatomy Of Basal Ganglia: Table 1: Blood
Table 1 Blood Supply of basal ganglia System/AIDS, Kidneys and Urinary System, Lungsand Breathing, Mouth and Teeth, Neurologic DiseasesGeneral, Neurological
http://www.vh.org/adult/provider/anatomy/BasalGanglia/Table1.html

Extractions: Anterior Choroidal Caudate nucleaus Head Body Tail Putamen Rostral Caudal Globus pallidus Lateral Medial Previous Page Title Page See related Provider Textbooks about Anatomy and Cell Biology See related Provider Topics Anatomy Anatomy and Cell Biology Blood/Lymphatic System Bones, Joints and Muscles ... Procedures and Therapies or Skin, Hair and Nails See related Patient Topics Blood/Lymphatic System Bones, Joints and Muscles Brain and Nervous System Diagnostic Imaging ... Procedures and Therapies or Skin, Hair and Nails Virtual Hospital Home Virtual Children's Hospital Home Site Map ... UI Health Care Home http://www.vh.org/adult/provider/anatomy/BasalGanglia/Table1.html
Parkinson's Disease Tutorial
basal ganglia Animation Simulating the System Underlying Parkinson's Disease(To view this animation, you'll need to download the Shockwave plugin).
http://www.sci.sdsu.edu/multimedia/basalgang/

Extractions: Loma Linda University School of Medicine Course Coordinator: Michael Kirby, Ph.D. For the "Introduction to Motor Systems" lecture of A. Douglas Will, M.D.. Dr. Doug Will was the inspiration behind this animation, and it serves as a great help to medical students. This Shocked animation was created in collaboration with Jeff Sale . If you are interested in obtaining more information about this animation, please send email to jsale@sunstroke.sdsu.edu

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