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This collection brings together a wide range of authoritative, informed perspectives on issues of ethics and security facing Canadians in the turbulent global environment of the twenty-first century. These reflections, by some of the leading scholars in the field, link the abstract analytical and philosophical questions of "ethics" to the critical and challenging questions of decision-making practice in Canadian foreign policy.

Contributors to this volume deal with both the abstract notions of value, culture, norms, and ethics, and the concrete questions of policy, law, and enforcement. They assess the challenges and the opportunities presented by new concepts, such as human security, mutual vulnerability, soft power, global cultural scripts, "good governance," and niche diplomacy, for foreign policy decision making. The addition of suggested seminar questions, a list of further readings, and a sample course outline add to the usefulness of this text in a practical classroom setting. ... Read more

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Australia and Canada have much in common and face many of the same problems in their international and political economic systems. Both countries are part of the post-1945 Western alliance system - Australia is a member of ANZUS and Canada of NATO and NORAD. As well, both are members of the OCED. Both, however, suffer from being mainly commodity-dependent economies and, to some extent, from their association with their major ally, the United States. Inevitably, both Australia's and Canada's foreign policies have reflected sensitivity to US actions and a commitment to economic and security systems established under American leadership since 1945. "Relocating Middle Powers" is a penetrating and innovative analysis of how these two states have dealt with changes in the international arena in the last decade. In particular, the three authors reformulate the concept of the "middle power" as a distinctive category in contemporary international relations. Instead of using traditional definitions based on the usual criteria of size, power, and locations, the authors focus on the entrepreneurial and technological capacities of Australia and Canada. The coming to power of Mikhail S.Gorbachev in the Soviet Union in 1985, and the subsequent transformations in international politics have resulted in declining tensions and a consequent waning of the Cold War. For Australia and Canada, this has meant that some of the more traditional, military/strategic foreign policy concerns have been replaced by mounting concern over the future of the international economic system. ... Read more

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During the nine years that the Conservatives under Brian Mulroney held power in Ottawa, Canadian foreign policy underwent a series of important departures from established policy. Some of these changes mirrored the major transformations in global politics that occurred during this period as the Berlin Wall was breached, the Cold War came to an end, and a globalized economy emerged. But some of the changes were the results of initiatives taken by the Conservative government.

The first major scholarly examination of the foreign policy of this period, this collection explores and analyzes the many departures from traditional Canadian statecraft that took place during the Mulroney Conservative era: free trade with the U.S., a continentalized energy policy, initiatives over the environment and the Arctic, the withdrawal of Canadian forces from Europe, and the transformation of peacekeeping into peacemaking.

Contributors include Barbara McDougall, Denis Stairs, Brian Tomlin, Tammy L. Nemeth, Heather Smith, Rob Huebert, Norrin Ripsman, Manon Tessier, Michel Fortmann, Luc Bernier, Gordon Mace, Andrew F. Cooper, David M. Black, Paul Gecelovsky, Tom Keating, J.H. Taylor, Claire Turenne Sjolander, and Roy Norton. ... Read more

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Two seemingly antithetical forces -- globalization and regionalism -- are shaping the contemporary world economy. Globalization is accelerating interdependence on a worldwide basis. Regionalism attempts to harness the pressures of globalization through strengthened collaboration among states, most notably in Europe through the European Union, in North America through NAFTA, and in Asia Pacific through APEC. The rise of regionalism and an emerging interregional politics has stimulated a lively debate about whether regionalism supports or undermines the global trading system.

The essays in Regionalism, Multilateralism, and the Politics of Global Trade reflect this debate and give it focus. The contributors, all recognized experts, explore the changing relationship between regionalism and multilateralism and examine the implications for national policy in a global trading system. Their discussion centres on four interrelated themes: the changing nature of regionalism, emerging patterns of interregional relations, the evolving relationship between regionalism and multilateralism, and the implications for state policy (particularly for Canada).

This rich and diverse collection of essays provides new insights into the complex and changing relationships between states and regions within the global trading order. They will be of interest to professors and students of international relations, political economy, and trade law, as well as public policy makers, NGOs, and trade policy analysts. ... Read more

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As the world economy is becoming increasingly global in nature, the future of Canada's welfare will directly depend on the country's response and reaction to a wide range of economic regimes which govern the international economy. This volume aims to provide an important and timely analysis of past and current Canadian policies toward both the formal and less formal arrangements which regulate such areas as international trade and financial transaction, international service industries, fisheries resources, and the environment. Often influenced by domestic political concerns and its relations with the US, Canada has, as the contributors point out, exhibited a high degree of variation in its responses to these regimes. "Canadian Foreign Policy and the International Economic Order" addresses a broad range of foreign economic policies not generally considered in the foreign policy literature. Interdisciplinary in its approach, it may be of interest to student and researchers in political science and public policy, economics, and law, as well as to those involved in international business.Interdisciplinary in its approach, it will be of interest to students and researchers in political science and public policy, economics, and law, as well as to those involved in international business. "A. Claire Cutler is an Assistant Professor at Simon Fraser University and a Doctoral Candidate at the University of British Columbia. Mark W. Zacher is Director of the Institute of International Relations and a Professor in the Department of Political Science at the University of British Columbia.". ... Read more

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By the end of this century, the world's economic centre will have moved from the mid-Atlantic to the mid-Pacific as a result of that area's unmatched growth since 1960 and its increasing share of international trade. Paralleling the current trend toward regionalism in Europe and North America, politicians as well as private citizens in the Asia-Pacific region have been instrumental in establishing a number of non-governmental associations for the purpose of promoting greater diplomatic and economic co-operation within that region. "Asia-Pacific Diplomacy" provides an in-depth examination of three of these INGOs (International Nongovernmental Organizations) - the scholarly Pacific Trade and Development Conference (PAFTAD 1968), the business-oriented Pacific Basin Economic Council (PBEC 1968), and the multipartite (academic, business, and government) Pacific Economic Cooperation Council (PECC 1980). Lawrence Woods traces their history and analyzes their effectiveness as channels for diplomacy, demonstrating how they have become increasingly important for decision making in government as well as in the private sector in the countries bordering on the Pacific Rim.This book aims to make an important contribution to the study of international political and economic institutions. It defines and clarifies the functions of a type of organization which has been poorly understood till now and it provides valuable information on this unique form of political and economic co-operation. ... Read more

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Forest products constitute one of the most important categories of trade between Canada and the United States. This book illuminates the major economic and political factors that have led to a particular pattern of trade in forest products, and it examines and compares the legal structures within which this trade takes place. Standard economic and political methods of analysis are used to study the history of this trade, including such recent developments as the negotiated Free Trade Agreement. Several of the chapters focus on two recent disputes involving Canadian exports of timber products such as shakes and shingles, and of softwood lumber to the United States. In addition, the authors consider the issue of timber subsidies, factors affecting foreign market share, and the burden of tariffs and export taxes. This book sheds light on some of the fundamental issues affecting trade between Canada and the United States, both now and in the future. This book is intended for students and researchers in international economics, international relations and agriculture. ... Read more

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The countries of Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand, and Singapore, all members of ASEAN, (The Association of South East Asian Nations), are all experiencing unprecedented economic growth and a rising political profile as they take their place in the international community. For the rest of the world to be able to understand the region and participate as knowledgeable and effective partners in its development, it is crucial that they develop an understanding of the major policy issues affecting the area. "New Challenges for ASEAN" brings together a collection of articles which deal with specific, contemporary issues and provide suggestions to policy makers and others where the challenges are and what avenues should be explored to promote increased cooperation with other nations. The contributors, all specialists in their fields, examine how the changing domestic, regional, and global environment has redefined ASEAN's policy focus and agenda.They focus on such "new" items as the environment and human rights, as well as the need to broaden the definition of what constitutes the region as the neighbouring states of Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos show equal potential for change and growth. ASEAN has long been regarded as an inward-looking sub-regional organization, preoccupied with the domestic stability of its members and the management of intra-Southeast Asian problems. In order for it to cope with the rapid changes in the wider Asia-Pacific and international environment, it must, as is emphasized by all the contributors, adopt an out-ward looking posture and complex agenda, which will simultaneously underscore its growing interdependence with the outside world and its vulnerability to internal shifts. ... Read more

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Canada and the United States exchange the world's highest level of bilateral trade, valued at $1.4 billion a day. Two-thirds of this trade travels on trucks. Heavy Traffic examines the way in which the regulatory reform of American and Canadian trucking, coupled with free trade, has internationalized this vital industry.

Before deregulation, restrictive entry rules had fostered two separate national highway transportation markets, and most international traffic had to be exchanged at the border. When the United States deregulated first, the imbalance between its opened market and Canada's still-restricted one produced a surprisingly difficult bilateral dispute. American deregulation was motivated by domestic incentives, but the subsequent Canadian deregulation blended domestic incentives with transborder rate comparisons and concerns about trade competitiveness.

Daniel Madar shows that deregulation created a de facto regime of free trade in trucking services. Removing regulatory barriers has enabled Canadian and American carriers to follow the expansion of transborder traffic that began with the Canada-US Free Trade Agreement and continues with NAFTA. The services available with deregulated trucking have also supported sweeping changes in industrial logistics. As transborder traffic has surged, the two countries' carriers -- from billion-dollar corporations to family firms -- have exploited the latitude provided by deregulation.

This book is a valuable contribution to our understanding of the policy processes and economic conditions that led to trucking deregulation. As a study in public policy formation and the international effects of reform, it will be of interest to students and scholars of political economy, international relations, and transportation. ... Read more

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The notion of citizenship is now being taken up internationally as a way to rethink questions of social cohesion and social justice. In Australia, a traditional view of citizens belonging to a single nation made up of one people, with a special relationship to one land, has been thrown open to challenge by a range of differing perspectives. Rethinking Australian Citizenship considers the major debates. The result is a rich and coherent volume that shows the diverse ways in which citizenship can be rethought. ... Read more

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Canada has always been a trading nation. From the early days of fur and fish, to the present, when a remarkable ninety percent of our gross national product is attributable to exports and imports, Canadians have relied on international trade to bolster our economy. A Trading Nation, Michael Hart's brilliantly crafted overview and analysis of the historical foundations of modern Canadian trade policy, is the first survey to address the history of Canadian commercial policy in over fifty years.

Taking the view that to understand the present and better prepare for the future, we must first comprehend the past, Hart skilfully guides readers through more than three centuries of Canadian trade history. His engaging narrative explains how Canadians, who currently enjoy one of the highest standards of living in the world, have largely come to accept that a country that derives much of its wealth from international commerce has much to gain from an open, well-ordered international economy. Close attention to trade and related economic policy choices, he argues, is crucial if Canada intends to adapt to the challenges of the new globalized economy.

This bold and original study is a tour de force, evocative of Harold Innis's and Donald Creighton's pioneering works in the history of the nation. Hart’s experience as an active trade negotiator is reflected throughout this accessible and lively book. A Trading Nation is destined to become a classic of Canadian historical, economic, and political studies.

A Trading Nation was selected as an Outstanding Academic Title by CHOICE. AUTHORBIO: Michael Hart is Simon Reisman Chair in Trade Policy, Norman Paterson School of International Affairs, Carleton University. A former trade official in Canada's Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade, he was the founding director of Carleton's Centre for Trade Policy and Law and is the author of numerous books and articles on international trade issues. ... Read more

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Over much of this century Canada has played only a minor role in hemispheric affairs. In recent years, dramatic changes have occurred which have catapulted Canada to the role of full partner in the Americas. These include Canada's decision to enter the Organization of American States as a full member, its involvement in the NAFTA negotiations, its support for a hemispheric integration process, and its important peacekeeping role in Central America. "Discovering the Americas" is one of the first books to examine the evolution of Canadian relations with Latin America. The book is divided into three parts, each reflecting a distinct phase of Canada's relations with the Americas. Part 1 traces Canada's minimal foreign relations from the beginning of the century until the Trudeau years. Part 2 examines the Trudeau years when, partly propelled by nationalism, Canada sought a more independent role in its relations with Latin America. The central thesis of the book is that changing hegemonic structures represent the most significant factor explaining the evolution of Canadian foreign policy in Latin America.Rochlin argues that the emergence in the late 1980s and 1990s of global trading blocs and the trend towards ideological convergence have opened up new opportunities for Canada in the hemisphere. Canada is at a critical juncture in its international history, and this timely book explains how it got here and where it is going. ... Read more