Geometry.Net - Basic_E: Estuaries & Watersheds

GOVERNOR: TEAM MEETS TO PLAN RIVER RESEARCH CENTER ON HUDSON
The Rivers and estuaries Center will be dedicated to advancing the understandingof rivers, estuaries and their watersheds through integrated, collaborative
http://www.state.ny.us/governor/press/year01/feb27_2_01.htm

Extractions: February 27, 2001 GOVERNOR: TEAM MEETS TO PLAN RIVER RESEARCH CENTER ON HUDSON Workshop Featuring River Experts to Develop Blueprint for Research Framework Governor George E. Pataki today lauded the efforts of a workshop team of scientists, researchers and policy experts who are assisting in the development of the research agenda for the Governor's proposed Rivers and Estuaries Center on the Hudson River. The workshop began yesterday and continues today at the Hotel Thayer on the grounds of West Point Military Academy. "As we work to develop a world-class institute for river and estuary research and education, it is important that we gather ideas and recommendations from recognized experts in the field to define our research agenda and goals," Governor Pataki said. "I commend the efforts of the workshop team in helping us create a premier research center to advance studies of the rivers and estuaries while protecting these vital resources." The workshop group consisted of members from academia, government, and the private sector with expertise in fields such as hydrology, biogeochemistry, land conservation and planning, oceanography and atmospheric science, law, fisheries and aquaculture (see attached list of participants). Their recommendations will be used to formulate a final research agenda as part of the blueprint for development of the Rivers and Estuaries Center. As part of the workshop, participants discussed the results of a survey sent to the Hudson Valley research community, as well as the greater scientific community. Responses were received from scientists across the continent, providing ideas on critical research and policy management issues facing rivers and estuaries, and successful models to facilitate interdisciplinary research. The responses recommended examining issues such as unique physical and ecological features of rivers and estuaries, the impacts of human activities on these waterways, global forces such as climate change, and the process of coordinating management and science-based policies.
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The study, Atmospheric Nitrogen Flux from the watersheds of Major estuaries of theUnited States An Application of the SPARROW Watershed Model, is part of a
http://www.edie.net/news/Archive/3627.html

Extractions: Keeping you up to speed with news and events from around the world. Front Page UK Europe North America ... World Atmospheric nitrogen contributes greatly to water pollution, says new report The atmosphere is an important pathway for nitrogen pollution of estuaries in the US, according to new research by US scientists. In a third of the estuaries studied, the amount of nitrogen in rain and airborne particles was as large as those carried into estuaries by streams, according to the findings of the study carried out by the US Geological Survey (USGS) (see related story This study provides important new information about how coastal watersheds process atmospheric nitrogen and about the amounts of atmospheric nitrogen that enter estuaries, said Richard Alexander, a USGS hydrologist and expert on nutrients, and co-author of the study. There are important scientific and policy questions about the role of atmospheric nitrogen in causing coastal water-quality problems. This information can help local resource managers determine sources of nitrogen entering estuaries. This improved understanding of the links between air deposition of nitrogen and coastal water quality also leads to a better scientific basis for steps to minimise coastal pollution sources. Though the oxygen-depleting effects of nitrogen on estuaries are well known, until now, scientists have had incomplete information on the sources of nitrogen entering them, and scientists have been unclear as to how much came from other sources such as vehicles and power plants (see
WHOI Sea Grant: Research
Nitrogen (N) inputs to estuaries from coastal watersheds are contributed bythree major sources wastewater atmospheric deposition, and fertilizers.
http://www.whoi.edu/seagrant/research/ecp/9698.html

Extractions: Pollutants often accumulate in fine sediments present along coastal and estuarine zones and along the open coast. Because the fate and transport of some pollutants follow that of fine sediments, it is important to understand the processes behind sediment movement. Unfortunately, fine sediment deposits are often difficult to sample. To address this problem, researchers have combined hydrodynamics with sediment characteristic information to develop a theoretical methodology for examination of fine sediment deposits in tidal flat areas. In continuation of a 1994-1996 Sea Grant-supported study, researchers will design a prototype instrument capable of making quick measurements of sediment characteristics in the field. Such data can then be used in models to improve our understanding of the fate of important coastal ecosystems. (R/G-21) Quantifying Flushing Rates of Estuaries
CINMS Management Plan Revision/ DEIS / Ecological Links
The watersheds of the southcoast bioregion include wetlands, estuaries,lagoons, and other systems that are important to marine systems.
http://www.cinms.nos.noaa.gov/manplan/deisecolink4.html

Extractions: Ecological Linkages in the Marine Ecology from Point Sal to Point Mugu, including the Marine Sanctuary III. Ecological Links 3. Watersheds of the South-central Coast Bioregion The south-central coast is considered a distinct bioregion of California by government and nongovernment organizations (Jensen 1994; US Fish and Wildlife Service 1993; Conception Coast Project 1999). The California Resources Agency characterizes the bioregion as one that extends offshore to include the northern Channel Islands and the SB Channel The region serves as a geologic, topographic and climatic transition zone supporting a rich diversity of ecosystems. These ecosystems harbor approximately 1,400 native species, of which more than 140 are endemic to the region. Chumash tribes have inhabited this particular bioregion for several thousands of years.
MBL :: Resident Research
Other interests include modeling transport processes in estuaries and watersheds,data assimilation techniques, and examining ecosystem biogeochemistry as an
http://www.mbl.edu/research/resident/lab_vallino.html

Extractions: Resident Research Overview Architectural Dynamics Program Bay Paul Center Boston University Marine Program ... Other Laboratories Summer Research Overview Investigators Fellowships Applications ... Housing Research Facilities BioCurrents Research Center Microscopy Stable Isotope Laboratory Research Services IACUC Home Research Resident Research ... Ecosystems Website: http://eco37.mbl.edu/ My research interests focus on modeling and experimental investigation of microbial dynamics related to the processing of inorganic and organic material in aquatic and marine ecosystems, with a primary focus on estuarine and coastal systems. I am currently interested in employing mesocosm studies to aid the development of more robust aquatic biogeochemical models that will be incorporated into estuarine transport models to examine how material exported from watersheds supports estuarine communities or leads to eutrophication and other estuarine stresses. Other interests include modeling transport processes in estuaries and watersheds, data assimilation techniques, and examining ecosystem biogeochemistry as an optimized metabolic process.
The David And Lucile Packard Foundation: SF Bay Salt Pond: Glossary
2. Restore America's estuaries About estuaries. 3. Environmental Protection AgencyOffice of Water and watersheds Guidance Specifying Management Measures for
http://www.packard.org/index.cgi?page=cargillglos&
Esm_thurman_introocean_9 Issue 9 - Human Impact On Estuaries
Estuarine Water Quality Human activities have altered estuarine watersheds throughoutthe High rates of nutrient input into estuaries can contribute to fish
http://wps.prenhall.com/esm_thurman_introocean_9/0,5272,348197-,00.html
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range from developing stateof-the-art technology for the biomedical, sensing andelectronic fields, to protecting estuaries and watersheds along the Atlantic
http://www.psu.edu/ur/2003/researchexpend03.html
Penn State News
from Penn States Environmental Resources Research Institute will lead a consortiumin an integrated assessment of the watersheds and estuaries across the
http://www.psu.edu/ur/2001/errigrant.html
WATERSHEDS
States and is made up of hundreds of smaller subwatersheds, down to the individualwatersheds of the smallest creeks. The drainage areas of estuaries can also
http://www.woodrow.org/teachers/esi/1997/02/Watersheds/index.HTM

Extractions: WATERSHEDS ARE US by Scott Martin, Larry Johnson and Julie Stoughton The U.S. EPA defines a watershed as "a geographic area in which water, sediments, and dissolved materials drain into a common outlet" - a stream, lake, estuary, aquifer, or ocean. This area is also called the drainage basin, drainage area, or catchment of the receiving water body. Sometimes the word watershed is used to refer to a watershed boundary, or dividing line. In this sense, for example, the North American Continental Divide - the boundary between all waters flowing to the Atlantic Ocean and the Pacific Ocean - can be called a watershed.
GLOSSARY OF TERMS
2 Restore America's estuaries About estuaries. 3 Environmental Protection AgencyOffice of Water and watersheds Guidance Specifying Management Measures for
http://www.audubonsfbay.org/sfbay_2_16/presskit/GLOSSARY_OF_TERMS.html

Extractions: GLOSSARY OF TERMS Buffer zone - a barrier between sensitive wildlife habitat and land uses such as agriculture or urban development. Ecosystem - the complex of a community and its environment functioning as an ecological unit in nature; a basic functional unit of nature comprising both organisms and their nonliving environment, intimately linked by a variety of biological, chemical, and physical processes Estuaries - bodies of water along coasts that are formed when fresh water from rivers flows into and mixes with salt water from the ocean Habitat - the place where an organism naturally lives or grows Marsh - a frequently or continually inundated wetland characterized by vegetation adapted to saturated soil conditions Mudflats - the area which lies between tidal marshes and the edge of the Bay at low tide. Incoming tides cover mudflats with shallow water, providing habitat for invertebrates, fish, and shorebirds Restoration - the return of an ecosystem to a close approximation of its condition prior to disturbance Riparian - relating to the bank or shoreline of a body of water Salt Ponds - commercial facilities that extract salt from Bay water by evaporation. Algae is the main vegetation, brine shrimp and birds the primary inhabitants
GCRC: Wiegert, Human Impacts On Salinity
Alber, M. and C. Smith. 2001. Water use patterns in the watersheds of the GeorgiaRiverine estuaries. 2001 Georgia Water Resources Conference, Athens, GA.
http://alpha.marsci.uga.edu/coastalcouncil/wiegert_humanimpacts2.htm

Extractions: Project summary Study of Human Impacts on the Salinity Regimes of Coastal Georgia Estuaries PIs: Richard Wiegert, Merryl Alber , Alice Chalmers (Dept. of Marine Sciences, Univ. of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA) , and Jack Blanton (Skidaway Inst. of Oceanography, Savannah, GA, USA) Support: Georgia Coastal Incentive Grant (GA Department of Natural Resources, Coastal Resources Division) Timeframe Project Overview: The overall goal of this project was to evaluate the evidence for changes in the salinity regimes of coastal Georgia Estuary over time. This was done by evaluating changes in the discharge record, water use patterns, land use, vegetation, and flushing times over time, as well as by conducting intensive field studies in the Satilla River Estuary. Although this study did not find conclusive evidence that salinity has changed over time, it did document the dynamics of vegetation patterns and salinity distribution in these systems. It also provided information regarding discharge, water use, and land use that will be useful as baseline information against which to compare future changes. Findings: 1) The discharge records of all 5 Georgia riverine estuaries (Savannah, Ogeechee, Altamaha, Satilla, St. Marys) was obtained from USGS. Although there were no significant long-term changes in the annual average flow of water that enters these estuaries, an analysis of more specific characteristics of the hydrogaphs suggested that there have been seasonal shifts in the discharge pattern, with increased winter flows and decreased summer flows.
Instructional Format Design Of Clear Water, Streams & Fish:A Holistic View Of Wa
Waterrelated Ecosystems. Types of Ecosystems estuaries watersheds oceans streamsMajor Regional Resource Pacific coast Ecological Concepts Water Use.
http://cf.uwex.edu/ces/erc/eypaw/eywtopic.cfm?curricula_id=70
Harbor Watch/River Watch At Earthplace, Westport CT
River Watch (HW/RW) is a wa ter quality monitoring e ffort that is actively engagedin the scientific monitoring of local estuaries and watersheds in lower
http://www.earthplace.org/environment/water_quality.html

Extractions: info@earthplace.org HARBOR WATCH/RIVER WATCH Volunteering Internships Harbor Watch / River Watch (HW/RW) is a wa ter quality monitoring e ffort that is actively engaged in the scientific monitoring of local estuaries and watersheds in lower Fairfield County. Earthplace lies geographically within the ecologically important Long Island Sound (LIS) watershed. Since the mid '80s, the LIS watershed has attracted much interest and effort with respect to the restoration of its health and the improvement of its biological integrity. In conjunction with Earthplace staff mem bers, volunteers collect dissolved oxygen data in shallow water harbors using field equipment such as dissolved oxygen meters, conductivity meters and pH meters. This information is used to construct oxygen profiles of harbors and document hypoxic (low oxygen tensions) events which may occur during the warm summer months. These conditions are damaging to most marine life forms. Data that is collected and processed is supplied to the Connecticut Depart ment of Environmental Protection (CT DEP) to aid in their study of hypoxic events in LIS. Volunteers also actively participate in catch-and-release research efforts on benthic (bottom dwelling) marine juvenile fish in local near-shore estuaries of LIS. Data from this effort is also supplied to the CT DEP Fisheries Division. Data on nutrient concentrations, bacteria and aquatic insect populations are gathered in freshwater watershed areas.
Watersheds
watersheds are nature's way of dividing up the landscape. Rivers, lakes, estuaries,wetlands, streams, even the oceans can serve as catch basins for the land
http://springcreekforest.virtualave.net/new_page_10.htm

Extractions: Home Page Where is it? Membership Form Hats ... Links Visitors since July 21, 1999 SiteName = 'springcreek' Watersheds Watersheds are nature's way of dividing up the landscape. Rivers, lakes, estuaries, wetlands, streams, even the oceans can serve as catch basins for the land adjacent to them. Ground water aquifers serve the same purpose for the land above them. The actions of people who live within a watershed affect the health of the waters that drain into it. John Wesley Powell scientist, geographer, and leader of the first expedition through the Grand Canyon in 1869 perhaps described it best when he said that a watershed is: " that area of land, a bounded hydrologic system, within which all living things are inextricably linked by their common water course and where, as humans settled, simple logic demanded that they become part of the community." Watershed protection U. S. Environmental Protection Agency "To encourage stewardship of the nation's water resources and to celebrate more than 25 years of progress under the
ENVIRONMENT:
estuaries, and the watersheds that flow into them, support fisheries andwildlife and contribute immensely to the coastal area economies.
http://hollings.senate.gov/statements/2002615734.html

Extractions: When I was Governor of South Carolina over 30 years ago, I experienced first hand the need for federal direction and assistance to the States to enable them to effectively and sustainably manage coastal development. My experiences during a series of coastal hearings and continued research in the Senate led me to write the Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, which provided clear policy objectives for states to establish coordinated coastal zone management programs to help balance coastal development with protection. Since the CZMA became law, 34 of the 35 coastal states have established approved programs to help preserve and utilize their precious resources, and the program has proven to be a successful partnership between the Federal government and our states. But we appear to need more tools to help states continue the job we started in 1972. In the year 2002, as our population grows, more and more people are moving to the coast to enjoy its beauty and recreational opportunities. In fact, by 2010, an estimated 60 percent of Americans will live along our coasts, which represent less than 17% of our land area. More than 3,000 people move to coastal areas everyday, and fourteen of the nation's 20 largest cities are on the coast, and are five times more densely populated than the interior of the country. As these good folks move to take advantage of coastal living, we have to be careful that we don't destroy the natural resources and quality of life that draw them to our shores. Big changes are coming to all of our coastal counties, and we must make some careful and smart decisions if we want to keep the very resources we depend on.
ArtSci2001 Presenters
information needed to protect, sustain and restore Gulf of Maine coastal habitatsand resources, especially those found in salt marsh estuaries and watersheds.
http://www.asci.org/ArtSci2001/rahmani1.html

Extractions: ABOVE IMAGE - caption details: Image compiled by Aviva Rahmani and Irwin Novak (Department of Geoscience, University of Southern Maine) from data provided by the Planning Department of the City of Portland, Maine to Nasir Shir (GIS Laboratory, University of Southern Maine). Base aerial photography (1994, Scale: 1:12000) provided by Seth Barker (GIS Manager, Maine Dept. of Marine Resources). Aviva Rahmani-
Long Island Sound Watershed
watersheds are the land that water flows across as it makes its way to gutters, streams,bays, lakes, and rivers, and out to estuaries and eventually the ocean
http://greenct.org/LONGIS~1.HTM

Extractions: Long Island Sound Watershed Estuaries Long Island Sound is an estuary. An estuary is a tidal body of water that is fed by both salt and fresh water sources. Estuaries are partially sheltered water sources that are protected by land from harsh winds, and storms, that occur in oceans. Because of this protection, estuaries are perfect habitats for marine creatures in early stages of development. Estuaries are special because they act as transition habitats for marine animals moving from fresh water sources to ocean habitats. They also act as temporary homes or resting places for many creatures such as migratory birds and mammals, and as breeding grounds for many fish and other wildlife, and as permanent homes to shellfish and finfish. Tens of thousands of species can be found in an estuary. Many types of birds, fish, and mammals depend on estuaries for survival. Estuaries are important because they are among the most productive systems on earth. Due to the unique water chemistry, many habitats are created. The mixture of salt and fresh water, tidal conditions, and shelter from harsh atmospheric conditions, create a unique and critical habitat for the survival of many marine species.
EnviroOne - Environmental Search Results
Program The Coastal Ecosystems Program is focusing the US Fish and Wildlife Service'sefforts in bays, estuaries and watersheds around the US coastline.
http://www.enviroone.com/searchresults.php?searchtext=Ecosystems
Office Of Wetlands, Oceans, And Watersheds
watersheds Coastlines National Estuary Program Newsletter; Oceans,Coasts, estuaries; Office of Wetlands, Oceans, and watersheds Web;
http://library.louisville.edu/government/federal/agencies/epa/owow.html

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