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Guardian Unlimited | Special Reports | Jainism
jainism Wednesday October 30, 2002 Background and beliefs Although precise originsare unknown, most believers come from the Gujarat and Rajasthan areas of
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Extractions: Go to: Guardian Unlimited home UK news World news Archive search Arts Books Business EducationGuardian.co.uk Film Football Jobs Life MediaGuardian.co.uk Money The Observer Online Politics Shopping SocietyGuardian.co.uk Sport Talk Travel Audio Email services Special reports The Guardian The weblog The informer The northerner The wrap Advertising guide Crossword Dating Headline service Syndication services Events / offers Help / contacts Information Newsroom Style guide Travel offers TV listings Weather Web guides Guardian Weekly Money Observer Home UK Business Online ... Quiz Background and beliefs: Although precise origins are unknown, most believers come from the Gujarat and Rajasthan areas of India. Jains are followers of the Jinas or Tirthankaras (Spiritual Victors) - an ancient line of teachers said to possess infinite knowledge and to have attained perfect purity. Their teachings are embodied in the Shruta, Agamas and Siddhanta scriptures. The principal belief is ahimsa - the avoidance (where possible) of physical or mental harm to any living being, however tiny. Life and life-forms are said to have no beginning; instead, souls transmigrate to different life-forms according to their karma. By leading a holy life, followers can be freed from the cycle of attracting "karmic matter" and rebirth. The true path to this freedom is to become a mendicant (living from alms), supplanting the lay believer's vows of strict vegetarianism with those of celibacy and the relinquishment of all possessions.
Islam Does Not Separate Religion From The State, But Rather Dynamically Integrat
ourselves. Lets have comparative study of concept of Ahimsa in jainismand rationale behind permission of nonvegetarian food in Islam,.
http://www.allaahuakbar.net/jain/ahimsa_and_non.htm

Extractions: View My Guest Book AHIMSA AND NON-VEGETARIAN FOOD The Question of consuming meat and non-vegetarian foods has been object of much criticism since past several centuries. Even today though quite a large number of Hindus along with Muslims and Christians consume meat, there are large numbers of people who prefer to be strictly vegetarian throughout their life. For some it is a religious injunction to abstain from non-vegetarian food. Whereas some make it a political issue saying Garv se kaho hum shakahari hain!
Religious Movements Homepage: Jainism
This jainism Page is your gateway toaccessing comprehensive web based aswell as print resources about the Jains. As bibliography. jainism.
http://religiousmovements.lib.virginia.edu/nrms/jainism.html

Extractions: Profile Beliefs Links Glossary Name: Jainism Founder: Vardhamana Mahavira. Although he is only one in a list of 24 founding tirthankaras Date of Birth: 599 BCE died 527 BCE Birth Place: Kundalpur, India Year Founded: Approximately 1200 years ago. Sacred or Revered Texts: The 14 Purvas (lost) are agreed to be sacred texts by both the Svetamaba ra and Digambara sects, however, the Svetambaras also include the Angas, (rules for the ascetics, doctrine, and narratives) the Upangas (the teachings of the tirthankaras), the Chedasutras (disciplanary acts for ascetics), the Mulasutras (or texts that contain the basic law),the Prakirnakasutras (hymns), and the Culikasutras (more literature). The Digambaras include the Satkhandagama which describes karma , the Kasaayapahuda, which discusses passions, and the Anuyogas. The sacred texts of Jainism are the teachings of the 24 tirthankaras , those who have gained omniscence. The texts are written in Prakrit and contain basic Jain doctrine, codes of practice, and narrative literature Cult or Sect: Negative sentiments are typically implied when the concepts "cult" and "sect" are employed in popular discourse. Since the Religious Movements Homepage seeks to promote religious tolerance and appreciation of the positive benefits of pluralism and religious diversity in human cultures, we encourage the use of alternative concepts that do not carry implicit negative stereotypes. For a more detailed discussion of both scholarly and popular usage of the concepts "cult" and "sect," please visit our
Jainism - Wikipedia
jainism. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. jainism is a spiritualpath which centres on the concept of ahimsa, or nonviolence.
http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jainism

Extractions: Main Page Recent changes Edit this page Older versions Special pages Set my user preferences My watchlist Recently updated pages Upload image files Image list Registered users Site statistics Random article Orphaned articles Orphaned images Popular articles Most wanted articles Short articles Long articles Newly created articles Interlanguage links All pages by title Blocked IP addresses Maintenance page External book sources Printable version Talk Log in Help From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Jainism is a spiritual path which centres on the concept of ahimsa , or non-violence . It began in the to centuries BC and has been a significant force in Indian culture, contributing to Indian philosophy, art, architecture and sciences. Jainism shares concepts with Hinduism and Buddhism but should be considered a separate religious path. It encourages vegetarianism as part of its stance on non-violence. According to Jainism, the universe was never created, nor will it ever cease to exist. It is eternal but not unchangeable, because it passes through an endless series of alternations or swings. Each of these upward or downward swings is divided into four world ages (yugas). The present world age is the fourth age of one of these "swings", which is in a downward movement. When this reaches its lowest level, even Jainism itself will be lost in its entirety. Then, in the course of the next upswing, the Jain religion will be rediscovered and reintroduced by new leaders called Tirthankaras (saintly teachers), only to be lost again at the end of the next downswing, and so on.
Divine Digest - The Complete Guide To All Religions
jainism. jainism is one of the three Indian philosophies, the others beingCharvaka and Buddhism, which do not accept the authority of Vedas.
http://www.divinedigest.com/jainism.htm

Extractions: Visit our Sponsors Jainism is one of the three Indian philosophies, the others being Charvaka and Buddhism, which do not accept the authority of Vedas. The most important Jain teacher Theerthankara was Mahaveera. The Jains accept three sources of knowledge. Perception, Inference and Testimony. Jains believe that every judgement is true only from a particular standpoint. To claim that a judgement is unconditionally true leads to dogmatism and intolerance. Jains believe that all physical things are made of atoms. All living things possess a soul like light, the soul pervades the entire body which it inhabits. Consciousness is the essence of the soul. In its perfect condition, a soul possesses perfect knowledge. The karmic matter causes souls to fail to exercise their natural function. The three jewels of Jainism Jains believe that although a soul inherently perfect, usually it finds itself in bondage. A soul's past Karma determines the kind of body it receives and the consequent limitation. The way to deliverance according to Jainism is, through the Three Jewels, of Right Faith, of Right Knowledge and Right Conduct. Right Conduct
Jainism
jainism, jI'nizum Pronunciation Key. jainism ie, the religion of Jina,religious system of India practiced by about 5,000,000 persons.
http://www.infoplease.com/cgi-bin/id/A0825887

Extractions: Pronunciation Key Jainism [i.e., the religion of Jina], religious system of India practiced by about 5,000,000 persons. Jainism, Ajivika , and Buddhism arose in the 6th cent. B.C. as protests against the overdeveloped ritualism of Hinduism , particularly its sacrificial cults, and the authority of the Veda. Jaina tradition teaches that a succession of 24 tirthankaras (saints) originated the religion. The last, Vardhamana, called Mahavira [the great hero] and Jina [the victor], seems to be historical. He preached a rigid asceticism and solicitude for all life as a means of escaping the cycle of rebirth, or the transmigration of souls . Thus released from the rule of karma , the total consequences of past acts, the soul attains nirvana , and hence salvation. Mahavira organized a brotherhood of monks, who took vows of celibacy, nudity, self-mortification, and fasting. Since the 1st cent.
Jain Philosphy
jainism is an ancient, Indianborn philosophy, dating back to Vedic times. The prescriptionsor rules of jainism are about the way to achieve this liberation.
http://www.goindiago.com/religion/jain/jain.htm

Extractions: Jainism is an ancient, Indian-born philosophy, dating back to Vedic times. 24 preachers known as `Jinas' (conquerors) or `Tirthankaras' (fordmakers) propounded it across the river of life. Its first founder or `Tirthankara' was one Rishabhadeva mentioned in the Yajur Veda . The 24th and last Tirthankara was Mahavira. It is a Nastik (Atheist) philosophy and does not accept the Vedas to be revelations from God. In fact, it does not believe in a God, though it does believe in re-birth. The ethical doctrines of Jainism are based on the path of liberation, comprising right belief, right knowledge and right conduct. The prescriptions or rules of Jainism are about the way to achieve this liberation. They apply both to ascetics and householders. The householders have twelve Vratas or codes of conduct, five Anuvratas (small vows) and seven Shilavratas (supplementary vows). If the Anuvaratas are strictly performed, they become Mahavratas (Great vows). The Jains have two major sects
ReligionQuest Everything On Religion
RQ Hinduism News jainism@ BBC News - Index Searchjainism@ CNN - News - Search jainism@AP More jainism News. jainism Defined. About jainism. More About jainism.
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Hinduism, Jainism, And Sikhism
jainism. jainism can be considered both a philosophy and a religion. Jain Data Baseis an evolving and expanding Data Base of information related to jainism.
http://fn2.freenet.edmonton.ab.ca/~cstier/religion/hinduism.htm

Extractions: Jump to Sikhism The name Hinduism means the civilization of the Hindus (originally, the inhabitants of the land of the Indus River). Introduced c. 1830 by English writers, the term properly denotes the Indian civilization of approximately the last 2,000 years, which gradually evolved from Vedism, the religion of the ancient Indo-European peoples who settled in India in the last centuries of the 2nd millenium B.C.E. Because it integrates a large variety of heterogenous elements, Hinduism constitutes a very complex but largely continuous whole, and since it covers the whole of life, it has religious, social, economic, literary, and artistic aspects. As a religion, Hinduism is a diverse conglomerate of doctrines, cults, and ways of life. The diversity of Hinduism makes compiling a list of Internet resources related to Hinduism problematic. Many of the World Wide Web links are personal and highly artistic, which makes it sometimes difficult to find scholarly material valuable to the Religious Studies student. Listed below are what we consider the best available Internet resources on Hinduism. An excellent site which has links to Hindu, Jain, Buddhist, and Sikh texts, as well as historical and modern information about Hindus.
Jainism
asceticism and meditation. The highest ideal in jainism is the ascetica homeless wanderer without passion or possession. A Jain
http://www.crowcollection.com/html/000000000020.html

Extractions: Jains do not believe in a Supreme Being or creator, but rather in the existence of a soul in every living being. Passions such as greed and hatred make this soul vulnerable to the effects of former deeds, called karma, and lock it into an endless cycle of death and rebirth. Jains believe that release from this cycle is achieved through asceticism and meditation. The highest ideal in Jainism is the ascetic: a homeless wanderer without passion or possession. A Jain ascetic who has left the world gives up every material thing, sometimes including clothes, and plucks the hairs from his head in a painful demonstration of renunciation. Most Jains do not go to this extreme, but they honor the ascetic as a model of perfection.
Terapanthonline
Information about jainism, Terapanth, Anuvrat, Prekshan Dhyan, Tirthankaras, JeevanVigyan, Science of Living, Jain Vishwa Bharti, Terapanth Acharyas etc.
http://www.terapanthonline.com/jainism/index.php

Extractions: Lord Mahavir preached his doctrine after attaining omniscience. He propounded Religion by giving central importance to the soul. For him, caste, creed and colour were not significant. Religion or Religion came to acquire a comprehensive scope by upholding the principle that casteism is not real. Treating Religion and sect as two separate things reinforced the basic unity of Religion. There can be a plurality of sects but there can be no plurality of Religion. True Religion consists in subduing attachment and hatred. It is the same for everyone and for all times and all places. Lord Mahavir gives us the anekanta Philosophy (non-absolutism) to look at the world. It is a widely used metaphysical concept and is an important method in the quest for truth. According to this theory, you cannot arrive at the entire truth with the help of sense perceptions because senses have their limitations- they can at best arrive at partial truth. Besides, there are as many facets of truth as there are ideas. Therefore, before declaring that a particular idea is false, one must try to discover its latent fragment of truth. This humble but comprehensive viewpoint of the Jain Religion regarding the quest for truth is enough to give it the status of a world religion.
MultiFaithNet Open Access: Jainism
MultiFaithNet jainism. Welcome to MultiFaithNet's gateway to jainism on the net. SubscriberServices The jainism content of Religions in the UK Online.
http://www.multifaithnet.org/mfnopenaccess/resource/jainism/jainism.htm
MultiFaithNet Resources Bank: Jainism
Top jainism. MultiFaithNet Resources Bank jainism. Festivals (0) Calendarsand other guides to festivals and holy days for jainism.
http://www.multifaithnet.org/mfnopenaccess/resource/links/Jainism/
123India.com Jainism : Religions : Society And Culture
Search all of 123India.com Search only in jainism. jainism Sites. Essenceof jainism - provide literature and translations into todays language.
http://www.123india.com/society_and_culture/religions/jainism/

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Jainism - Mathematics And The Liberal Arts
jainism Mathematics and the Liberal Arts. To expand search, see Religion.Laterally related topics The Islamic World, Confucianism
http://math.truman.edu/~thammond/history/Jainism.html

Extractions: To expand search, see Religion . Laterally related topics: The Islamic World Confucianism Taoism , and The Jewish Tradition The Mathematics and the Liberal Arts pages are intended to be a resource for student research projects and for teachers interested in using the history of mathematics in their courses. Many pages focus on ethnomathematics and in the connections between mathematics and other disciplines. The notes in these pages are intended as much to evoke ideas as to indicate what the books and articles are about. They are not intended as reviews. However, some items have been reviewed in Mathematical Reviews , published by The American Mathematical Society. When the mathematical review (MR) number and reviewer are known to the author of these pages, they are given as part of the bibliographic citation. Subscribing institutions can access the more recent MR reviews online through MathSciNet Biggs, N. L. The roots of combinatorics. Historia Math. (1) As the author explains, the most ancient problem connected with combinatorics may be the house-cat-mice-wheat problem of the Rhind Papyrus (Problem 79), which occurs in a similar form in a problem of Fibonacci's
Mangalayatan Jain Pilgrimage Complex, Aligarh, India
What is jainism The way of life The Philosophy. Home Hindi versionjainism An Introduction. What is jainism. Originating in
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Extractions: Jainism Tirthankaras Namokar Mantra Donations ... Contact us xxx Home Hindi version Jainism : An Introduction What is Jainism Originating in the Indian subcontinent, Jainism - or, more properly, the Jain Dharma - is one of the oldest religions of its homeland and indeed of the world. Jains believe that their religion is without a beginning. The twenty-four Tirthankars guided its evolution and elaboration by first achieving, and then teaching the path to salvation. Jain religion is unique in that, during its existence, it has never compromised on concept of nonviolence either in principle or practice. It upholds non-violence as the supreme religion ( Ahimsa Paramo Dharmah ) and has insisted upon its observance in thought, word, and deed at the individual as well as social levels. Jainism begins with a serious concern for the human soul in its relationship with the laws governing existence in the universe, with other living beings, and to its own future state in eternity. First and foremost, it is a religion of the heart. Jains have deep compassion for all forms of life. Jainism offers a quiet, overwhelmingly serious way of life, a cultural insistence on compassion, a society of ethics that has dramatically changed the world and will continue to effect change. Jainism is an ecologically responsible way of life which paves way for a perfectly friendly co-existence of all the worldly beings.
URI
jainism. NOTE Portions of this article have been adapted from Dr. NP Jain's article A Portrait of jainism, published in the first edition of the SourceBook.
http://www.uri.org/religions/jain/
Jainism
jainism. jainism The Monastic Path. jainism. The oldest continuous monastictradition in India is jainism, the path of the Jinas, or victors.
http://www.indianchild.com/jainism.htm

Extractions: web hosting provided by Direct i Jainism By about 500 B.C., some teachers had moved so far down the path of liberation that they no longer viewed the standard perception of life in the social world as valid for the dedicated spiritual devotee. They formed communities of religious renunciants ( shramanas ) who withdrew from the world and evolved a full-time monastic discipline. The most successful of these early communities, the Jains (or, in Sanskrit, Jaina) and the Buddhists, rejected the value of the Vedas and created independent textual traditions based on the words and examples of their early teachers, eventually evolving entirely new ways for interacting with the lay community. The oldest continuous monastic tradition in India is Jainism, the path of the Jinas, or victors. This tradition is traced to Var-dhamana Mahavira (The Great Hero; ca. 599-527 B.C.), the twenty-fourth and last of the Tirthankaras (Sanskrit for fordmakers). According to legend, Mahavira was born to a ruling family in the town of Vaishali, located in the modern state of Bihar. At the age of thirty, he renounced his wealthy life and devoted himself to fasting and self-mortification in order to purify his consciousness and discover the meaning of existence. He never again dwelt in a house, owned property, or wore clothing of any sort. Following the example of the teacher Parshvanatha (ninth century B.C.), he attained enlightenment and spent the rest of his life meditating and teaching a dedicated group of disciples who formed a monastic order following rules he laid down. His life's work complete, he entered a final fast and deliberately died of starvation.
JAINISM - Hindu Influences
jainism. Gave us Non-Violence as an Ethical Outlook by Sudheer Birodkar. ancienttimes. This is the Jaina religion or jainism. The
http://www.hindubooks.org/sudheer_birodkar/hindu_history/jainism.html

Extractions: I welcome you to this non-profit, educational page. Here you will read about different aspects of the history and culture of that part of our globe which is known variously as Bharatvarsha, Hindostan or India. My approach of looking at history is that of a rationalist and humanist . As my aim is to spread awareness about history and culture, you may freely download this page, print it, link it up from your site, or mirror it at any server. Enjoy the infotainment laid out for you at this site. I also look forward to your valuable suggestions and feedback. Happy viewing. Search Table of Contents Parallel to Buddhism another religion has flourished in India since ancient times. This is the Jaina religion or Jainism. The term Jaina or Jain implies follower of Jina which means 'the victorious one'. Jina is the formal title of the 24 spiritual teachers (Tirthankaras) of the Jaina religion. In this sense the term 'Jina' is similar to the term 'Buddha. Popularly, Mahavira who was the last Jaina Tirthankara is confounded to be the founder of this faith.
JAINISM IN SOUTH INDIA
jainism IN SOUTH INDIA. In South India, jainism is little more thana name. Even serious students jainism IN KARNATAKA. Even before the
http://www.terapanth.com/impressions/south-india.htm

Extractions: JAINISM IN SOUTH INDIA In South India, Jainism is little more than a name. Even serious students of religion in India paid little attention to it. In a population of nearly 60 crores of people, Jainas may constitute nearly some 3 million people . But the influence it wields, its contribution to the development of Indian couture, commerce and industry is out of proportion to their population. Jainological material is so rich and varied and so much extended in time it is impossible to write about it in few pages. Because of this limitation the paper will be simply a fringe study and a general survey. In this brief paper an attempt is made to trace the rise of Jainism as religio-philosophical system, its contribution to Indian Philosophy, Religion, Metaphysics and Logic, Art and Architecture, languages and literatures, and also a brief summary of its history in Andhra Pradesh. The Jainas claim hoary antiquity for their religion. Vishnu and Bhagavata Puranas also mention this fact. The tradition says that during the time of the Mahabharata War Jaina order was led by Neminatha, the 22nd Thirthankara and he belonged to Yadava family. The order gained strength during 8th century B. C., under Parsvanatha, the 23rd Thirthankara. In Parsvanatha we have the first historical beginnings of Jainism. Mahavira was born in the middle of the 6th century B. C. It appears he was influenced to a great extent by Gosala and the followers of Ajivaka sect also. According to one tradition there were 5 heretical sects. They are :

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