Click Afrique: Magazine: History: Africa's Ancient Empires - Kongo about as the Bakongo peoples migrated south across Congo River absorbing the indigenous communities. Like most of empires of SubSaharan africa, trading was key to kongo's wealth. http://www.clickafrique.com/0900rpt/history1009.asp
Extractions: Algeria Angola Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Burundi Cameroon Cape Verde CAR Chad Comoros Congo Congo DR Côte d'Ivoire Djibouti Egypt Eq. Guinea Eritrea Ethiopia Gabon Gambia Ghana Guinea Guinea-Bissau Kenya Lesotho Liberia Libya Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritania Mauritius Morocco Mozambique Namibia Niger Nigeria Principe Reunion Rwanda Sao Tome SADR Senegal Seychelles Sierra Leone Somalia South Africa Sudan Swaziland Tanzania Togo Tunisia Uganda Zambia Zimbabwe Central Africa Eastern Africa Northern Africa Southern Africa Western Africa Africa (General) Accomodation Airlines Athletics Basketball Banks Boxing Car Hire Companies Countries Country Guides Cricket Culture Dance E-Commerce Education Embassy Film Finance Football Galleries Game Reserves Games Government Hardware Health History Hotels Insurance Investment ISPs Finance Jobs Language Magazine Mobile Phones Museums Music News Newspapers Organistions PC People Portals Property Nature Reserves Radio Resorts Shipping Software Television Theatre Tourism Office Tourist Agencies Trade Gifts and Special Offers :
Extractions: Last update: 09-11-2002 IANOMAMI YANOMAMI (Brasilian Indians) IBALOI (Filipijnen - the Philippines) IBIBIO (Nigeria) IBO (Nigeria) ... IZHORIANS (Rusland - Russia) JAEGA (Native American, USA) JAINS (Kenia - Kenya) JAMA MAPUN (Filipijnen - the Philippines) JAMSHIDI (Afghanistan, Iran) ... JURUNA (Brasilian Indians) KAAGAN (Filipijnen - the Philippines) KA BEO LO LO (Vietnam) KABRE (Togo) KAFIRS (Zuid Afrika - South Africa) ... KWINTI (Suriname) LACCADIVE MAPPILLA (India) LA CHI CU TE LA QUA THO DEN (Vietnam) LA HA KHLA PHLOA (Vietnam) LAHU (Laos, Thailand) ...
Indigenous Art & Art: Freeland's Introduction Art indigenous Art Introduction Cynthia Freeland. But Is It Art? Chapter 3 - "Cultural Crossings" african nkisi nkondi, fetish statues from Loango, in the kongo region of africa. comment Decontextualizing art objects from indigenous peoples is only inappropriate if this http://puffin.creighton.edu/eselk/Aesthetics-WebSite-p2000/Powerpoint_outlines/I
Extractions: Introduction - Cynthia Freeland. But Is It Art? Chapter 3 - "Cultural Crossings" Dewey’s view on the role of art in understanding other cultures: Art is one of the best ways to understand other cultures because art is "the expression of the life of the community" ( Art and Experience Example: African nkisi nkondi, fetish statues from Loango, in the kongo region of Africa. But what happens when these objects are taken out of their cultural context ("decontextualize" the objects)? And is this appropriate? Answers to these questions is not simple. 1st most art objects of indigenous peoples are not pure; they are a mixture of several cultures. 2nd [my comment] Decontextualizing art objects from indigenous peoples is only inappropriate if this is done in a condescending way. But is there anything improper about displaying art objects of indigenous peoples for the sake of their aesthetic qualities alone?
Search The Standards Database the interregional trading system that linked peoples of africa King Affonso II ofthe kongo and Portuguese between the Spanish and indigenous populations such as http://www.mcrel.org/compendium/Benchmark.asp?SubjectID=6&StandardID=26
Berkeley Geography Graduate Students A-C Regional Focus africa, maintenance of religious institutions, particularly kongolesereligious Santa Cruz Research Interests indigenous peoples, Human Rights http://geography.berkeley.edu/PeopleHistory/grads/GradsA-C.html
History Department At Millersville University Encounters between Europeans and the indigenous peoples of the Latin America, MiddleEast and africa as well Publications Books The Kingdom of kongo Civil War http://muweb.millersville.edu/~history/faculty/thorntoncv.html
Overview Of African History close ties with fading empires such as kongo, Songhai and others. toll on indigenous peoples. We should also note that the Afrikaansspeaking whites in South africa who moved to http://www.msubillings.edu/dzirker/African%20History%20Overview.html
Extractions: AFRICA AND LATIN AMERICA BRIEF OVERVIEW OF AFRICAN HISTORY A Brief Overview ( with my additions! ) of Points Raised in Bohannan and Curtin, Chapters 12, 13, 14, 18, 19 and 20 Chapter 12: Africa AND THE WORLD CULTURE AND OUR OWN JUDGMENTS What is culture? "High" vs. "low" conceptualizations of culturewhat do these terms signify? Really mean? The complex influences that African culture had on American and European cultures The use of technology (and the attainment of a level of technology , particularly in warfare) as a standard for judging the relative merits of African culture (apples vs. oranges?)
Congo - A Look At The Past speaking peoples established themselves throughout Central africa. and they largelydisplaced the indigenous peoples. in the area, including kongo, Kuba, Luba http://cwr.utoronto.ca/cultural/english/congo/alook.html
Extractions: A L OOK AT THE P AST T he indigenous peoples in Congo were forest dwellers. Their descendants, primarily members of the Efe and Mbuti tribes, still live as hunters and gatherers in the northern Ituri forest. Late in the first millennium A.D., Bantu-speaking peoples established themselves throughout Central Africa. Their culture was based on ironworking and agriculture, and they largely displaced the indigenous peoples. B y the 15th century, several kingdoms had developed in the area, including Kongo, Kuba, Luba and Lunda. When the Portuguese explorer Diogo Cam reached the mouth of the Congo River in 1482, he discovered that the coastal kingdoms were capturing people from nearby areas and sending them to work as slaves in Saudi Arabia. Over the next few centuries, Portuguese and French traders enslaved millions of Africans, and sent them to work on plantations in North and South America. The slave trade was abolished in 1885. I n 1878, King Leopold II of Belgium hired Anglo-American explorer Henry Morton Stanley to establish outposts along the Congo River. Leopold persuaded other European rulers to recognize Congo as his personal territory, which he named the Congo Free State. D uring Leopold's reign, the Congolese were brutally treated. They were forced to build a railroad and collect ivory and rubber. As many as 10 million Congolese died between 1880 and 1910. When news of the atrocities became public in 1908, the Belgian government took control of the colony and renamed it the Belgian Congo. Although the Belgian government improved working conditions slightly, it too was a harsh ruler and continued to extract natural resources. For years, the Congolese struggled to achieve independence.
Extractions: Africa - The Birthplace of Modern Humans You either love it or hate it . . . Africa Map Click here to see large map Features of Africa Africa is the second-largest continent , after Asia, covering 30,330,000 sq km; about 22% of the total land area of the Earth. It measures about 8,000 km from north to south and about 7,360 km from east to west. The highest point on the continent is Mt. Kilimanjaro - Uhuru Point - (5,963 m/19,340 ft) in Tanzania. The lowest is Lake 'Asal (153 m/502 ft below sea level) in Djibouti. The Forests cover about one-fifth of the total land area of the continent. And the Deserts and their extended margins have the remaining two-fifths of African land. World's longest river : The River Nile drains north-eastern Africa, and, at 6,650 km (4,132 mi), is the longest river in the world. It is formed from the Blue Nile, which originates at Lake Tana in Ethiopia, and the White Nile, which originates at Lake Victoria. World's second largest lake : Lake Victoria is the largest lake in Africa and the is the world's second-largest freshwater lake - covering an area of 69,490 sq km (26,830 sq mi) and lies 1,130 m (3,720 ft) above sea level. Its greatest known depth is 82 m (270 ft).
Exploring Africa -> Students-> Religion In Africa-> Christianity kongo speaking peoples lived along the west independent Antonine Christian movementin the kongo? Churches, incorporate aspects of indigenous African religions http://exploringafrica.matrix.msu.edu/curriculum/lm14/stu_actfour14.html
Extractions: Student's Edition Activity Four: Christianity in Africa: Explain The Christian religion was founded in what is today Israel and Palestine 2000 years ago at the beginning of the Common Era . Christianity is based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ, a Jewish teacher and prophet. Early Christians (followers of Christ) believed that Jesus was divine in that he was the son of God. This is a major difference between Christianity and Judaism and Islam, the two other major monotheistic religions. Judaism does not hold that any of their great prophets were divine. And although God spoke directly to Mohammed through the angel Gabriel, Islam does give him the status of being divine. Although the early Christian church suffered persecution at the hands of Roman officials, the fact that Palestine was part of the Roman Empire facilitated the rapid spread of Christianity. Christianity, like Islam, is a proselytizing religion. This means that followers of these religions believe that it is their duty to share their religion and try to convert others to their religion. Early Christians came from the Jewish tradition, but they believed that the message and teachings of Jesus were meant for all people, and they used the transportation networks (roads, shipping routes) to spread the message of Christianity throughout the Roman Empire-or the
Extractions: Teacher's Edition Activity Four: Christianity in Africa: Explain The Christian religion was founded in what is today Israel and Palestine 2000 years ago at the beginning of the Common Era . Christianity is based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ, a Jewish teacher and prophet. Early Christians (followers of Christ) believed that Jesus was divine in that he was the son of God. This is a major difference between Christianity and Judaism and Islam, the two other major monotheistic religions. Judaism does not hold that any of their great prophets were divine. And although God spoke directly to Mohammed through the angel Gabriel, Islam does give him the status of being divine. Although the early Christian church suffered persecution at the hands of Roman officials, the fact that Palestine was part of the Roman Empire facilitated the rapid spread of Christianity. Christianity, like Islam, is a proselytizing religion. This means that followers of these religions believe that it is their duty to share their religion and try to convert others to their religion. Early Christians came from the Jewish tradition, but they believed that the message and teachings of Jesus were meant for all people, and they used the transportation networks (roads, shipping routes) to spread the message of Christianity throughout the Roman Empire-or the
Encyclopedia Of African History: List Of Entries VI of Islam in west africa Religion indigenous, and cults. kongo, from Jaga invasionto 1665 kongo, late 17th development of trade and power peoples of southern http://www.fitzroydearborn.com/london/africentr6.htm
The PanAfrican Journal were sought in africa with indigenous peoples forced to possessed; 2) To seek Christianpeoples with whom relations were established with the kongo kingdom of http://www.fiu.edu/~bgso/articles/1100/01nov2000.htm
Extractions: Home About Us Articles Links ... Contact Us Portuguese Expansion and the Colonization of Angola to1700 The history of relations between Africa and Europe encompasses four distinct periods. The first being what can be described as the "Age of Reconnaissance", in which Europeans became better acquainted with lands beyond Europe and sought ways to exploit these territories for the benefit of European potentates. During this period, Europeans sought in Africa commodities (gold, salt, silver, wheat, and cloth to name a few) for home consumption and to achieve a better balance of trade with other European nations. That period gave way to the era of mercantilism whereas European powers began to claim lands across the Atlantic, and realized that agricultural production could yield positive results by producing staple commodities for European consumption and also by providing military outposts composed of citizens seeking to better their plight abroad. These events changed the objectives of Europeans in regards to their dealings with Africa. While the foundations for the slave trade had been laid in the previous era, this period saw the trade in men take first priority. Beginning in the latter years of the fifteenth century, the slave trade grew dramatically as European colonial possessions in the Americas expanded reaching its apex in the second half of the eighteenth century.
1Up Info > Country Study For Zaire | Zaire Information Resource The kongo peoples; The Significance of Ethnic Identification. indigenous SOCIALSYSTEMS; Relations with North africa. Section National Security NATIONAL http://www.1upinfo.com/country-guide-study/zaire/
Extractions: Content on this web site is provided for informational purposes only. We accept no responsibility for any loss, injury or inconvenience sustained by any person resulting from information published on this site. We encourage you to verify any critical information with the relevant authorities. Home Contact Us
Democratic Republic Of The Congo / DRC (Kinshasa) An annotated guide to internet resources on africa.Category Regional africa Congo, Democratic Republic of the KF http//www.kongokinshasa.de african/lang.html L1 Ituri Forest peoples Fund/Cultural Survival,based in Cambridge, MA, helps indigenous peoples and ethnic http://www-sul.stanford.edu/depts/ssrg/africa/zaire.html
African Timelines Part II A timeline from 1st 15th centuries AD/CE, from Central Oregon Community College.Category Society History By Region africa Early Empires to what they perceived as pagan peoples, the search african states, but scholars arguethat indigenous slavery was africa, such as Benin and kongo, slavery was http://www.cocc.edu/cagatucci/classes/hum211/timelines/htimeline2.htm
Extractions: (By CE 1 st century, Rome had conquered Egypt, Carthage, and other North African areas; which became the granaries of the Roman Empire, and the majority of the population converted to Christianity). Axum spent its religious zeal carving out churches from rocks and writing and interpreting religious texts Civilizations in Africa: Axum (Richard Hooker, World Civilizations, WSU):
Home About Artists Knowledge Contact Us Links Ijaba Films in africa (see Table of Statistics) indigenous religion has Portuguese, French, Englishand native peoples) a bewildering Brazil and Cuba) as kongo, Palo Monte http://www.geocities.com/badedit/articles/48.html
Extractions: African and African-Derivative Religions are a large group of beliefs and practices based upon ancient indigenous faiths of sub-Saharan African peoples. Within the last 100 years in Africa (see Table of Statistics) indigenous religion has declined under the influence of colonialism, Western acculturation and proselytizing by Islam and Christianity. In the African Diaspora (mainly in the Americas) African-derived belief systems are in a state of impressive growth. ithin just the last two years the amount of information made available through the Internet is also impressive. Some of the best information comes to us from Italy, Sweden and Brazil. We are no longer dependent upon reports from academia or encyclopedias. There are now numerous websites maintained by the faithful themselves and, while the quality and quantity of information varies enormously among them, one may now hear from practitioners their own statements of faith. In many, if not most, cases African spirituality has evolved in the Americas. Ancient practices brought westward by slaves became syncretized, more or less, with religious traditions of the slaves' masters. This syncretization is most noticeable in areas dominated by the Catholic faith and where the celebration of saints, votive offerings and other practices found parallels in ancient traditions.
Book Reviews photographs depicting human activity from africa to New often revealing the facesof indigenous peoples along with the be followed by another on kongo art this http://www.tribalarts.com/review/review_su_au99.html
Extractions: Illustrated with objects and antique photographs, this catalogue, which has been published in conjunction with an exhibition organized by the city of Boulogne-Billancourt in France and the Caixa Foundation of Girona in Spain, addresses the art of the Plains Indians in all its originality and diversity. It includes essays by five French and Spanish authors who are specialists in Native American history and culture. Their studies explore the history of the Plains Indians, the role of women, religion, and the central importance of Vision in their culture. Although the Plains Indians created no monumental art and little sculpture, their artistic creations such as headdresses and ceremonial garments, horse trappings, weapons, and ritual objects survive as testimony to a unique and rich philosophy of life.
Africa. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001 BC and 1500, Bantuspeaking peoples became dominant over places powerful kingdoms,such as kongo, Luba, and and social organization of the indigenous population http://www.bartleby.com/65/af/Africa.html
Extractions: Select Search All Bartleby.com All Reference Columbia Encyclopedia World History Encyclopedia World Factbook Columbia Gazetteer American Heritage Coll. Dictionary Roget's Thesauri Roget's II: Thesaurus Roget's Int'l Thesaurus Quotations Bartlett's Quotations Columbia Quotations Simpson's Quotations English Usage Modern Usage American English Fowler's King's English Strunk's Style Mencken's Language Cambridge History The King James Bible Oxford Shakespeare Gray's Anatomy Farmer's Cookbook Post's Etiquette Bulfinch's Mythology Frazer's Golden Bough All Verse Anthologies Dickinson, E. Eliot, T.S. Frost, R. Hopkins, G.M. Keats, J. Lawrence, D.H. Masters, E.L. Sandburg, C. Sassoon, S. Whitman, W. Wordsworth, W. Yeats, W.B. All Nonfiction Harvard Classics American Essays Einstein's Relativity Grant, U.S. Roosevelt, T. Wells's History Presidential Inaugurals All Fiction Shelf of Fiction Ghost Stories Short Stories Shaw, G.B. Stein, G. Stevenson, R.L. Wells, H.G. Reference Columbia Encyclopedia PREVIOUS NEXT ... BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. Africa k KEY Geology and Geography Geologically, recent major earth disturbances have been confined to areas of NW and E Africa. Geologists have long noted the excellent fit (in shape and geology) between the coast of Africa at the Gulf of Guinea and the Brazilian coast of South America, and they have evidence that Africa formed the center of a large ancestral supercontinent known as Pangaea. Pangaea began to break apart in the Jurassic period to form Gondwanaland, which included Africa, the other southern continents, and India. South America was separated from Africa c.76 million years ago, when the floor of the S Atlantic Ocean was opened up by seafloor spreading; Madagascar was separated from it c.65 million years ago; and Arabia was separated from it c.20 million years ago, when the Red Sea was formed. There is also evidence of one-time connections between NW Africa and E North America, N Africa and Europe, Madagascar and India, and SE Africa and Antarctica.
African Studies - Art And Archaeology of illustrated short essays on 'indigenous sculptural arts Art kongoLe pays kongo(Nekongo Networking Assistance research among the Sherbro peoples of Sierra http://www.columbia.edu/cu/lweb/indiv/africa/cuvl/AfArt.html
