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Basic information on foreign and domestic policy, national security, political system, parties and elections, government and administrative structure. Participation in international organizations, treaties and regional unions.International and foreign policy and more. ... Read more

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This law handbook contains information on basic business legislation, laws and regulatoins affecting export-import, business, foreign investments, property rights, taxation and banking. ... Read more

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Global, national and subnational changes (political, economic, social and demographic) force local governments to search, reactively or proactively, for alternative organizational patterns and management styles. This work explores different approaches toward local government reorientation in selected Western countries, as well as the "reinvention" of local government in Eastern Europe. Eight national case-studies (US, Canada, UK, Germany, Norway, Israel, the Czech Republic and Russia) provide the empirical basis. From a theoretical point of view, the book exposes three main critical factors: the range of policy options facing local governments (strategic choice), their organizational capabilities to cope with major environmental shifts (strategic capabilities), and their capacity for organizational learning (including programmed experimentation, innovation and creativity). ... Read more

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A strategic resource which is heavily influenced by international politics, North Sea oil and gas production has become an important economic and symbolic issue.Comparing the different government policies of Denmark, Great Britain, and Norway, Andersen explores the strategies each country uses and explains the resulting developments.He stresses that these differences reflect the resource base, lobbying patterns, and governmental need for revenue--emphasizing the importance of national policy paradigms underlying policy formation. ... Read more

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A discussion of the political system of Norway focusing on political parties, democracy and accountability in one of the richest countries in the world that still is anchored in an egalitarian culture with a strong local base and facing the challenge of a dynamic Europeization process.

Politics in Norway shares many characteristics with other smaller West European countries, in particular its Scandinavian neighbors: It is a stable parliamentary, multi-party system with a strong social-democratic tradition. But Norwegian politics has its own profile which is brought out by three central and persistent themes in Norwegian politics: Norway is a small and young state in the European periphery, its politics operates within an egalitarian social structure and it is marked by the political strength of the periphery.

Politics in Norway shares many characteristics with other smaller West European countries, in particular its Scandinavian neighbors: It is a stable parliamentary, multi-party system with a strong social-democratic tradition. But Norwegian politics has its own profile which is brought out by three central and persistent themes in Norwegian politics: Norway is a small and young state in the European periphery, its politics operates within an egalitarian social structure and it is marked by the political strength of the periphery. The old project of nation-building-so eagerly pursued in Norway through the 19th and most of the 20th century-is in the post Cold War era mainly challenged from the outside.

In spite of fashionable arguments about "globalization", "Americanization" and the "communication revolution" this has not primarily been manifested in the economic and cultural fields. The major challenge has been political and presented by the dynamism of the European Union. The EU has forced politicians and voters alike to reconsider the very foundation of the Norwegian nation state. The "national question" today is not about secession, rebellion and multi-national state building-like in 19th century Europe. It is about building viable political, economic and cultural arrangements to sustain democracy, prosperity and a "Norwegian" way of life inside the new "European House", but so far outside the EU itself. ... Read more

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Responses to globalization in politics and governance at national, regional and local levels of government in France and Norway are explored in this study. France and Norway are European contrasts in most respects: the former is a central force in European integration, the latter is a sceptical outsider, one represents a Great Power tradition, the other small state internationalism. Both are highly developed welfare states, however, and both feel that globalization is posing a threat to existing welfare arrangements. What are the similarities and differences between the two countries with regard to the way the globalization debate is framed? Does globalization drive a convergence of governance and leadership? The latter issue is discussed against a background of updated information on the development of politics across levels of government. ... Read more

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This digital document is an article from Policy Studies Journal, published by Policy Studies Organization on March 22, 1993. The length of the article is 5609 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

From the supplier: Norway's Free Commune Program and Pilot Commune program reflect the local authorities' prevalent perception of the need to become more responsive to and flexible in addressing their constituencies' needs. The new municipal organizational setups have become more community-oriented and focus on the integration of learning and experimentation and the creation of learning partnerships between central and local governments. This illustrates a change in the Nordic Welfare Model which had originally worked through centralized management.

Citation Details
Title: Reforming local government policymaking and management through organizational learning and experimentation: the case of Norway. (Local Government Policymaking and Management: A Crossnational Perspective)
Author: Harald Baldersheim
Publication: Policy Studies Journal (Refereed)
Date: March 22, 1993
Publisher: Policy Studies Organization
Volume: v21Issue: n1Page: p104(11)

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Chapters: List of Heads of Government of Norway, Norwegian Language Conflict, Norway-european Union Relations, Jostein Gaarder Controversy, List of Norwegian Governments, State Secretary, Politics of Svalbard, Sami Parliament of Norway, Energy in Norway, Red-Green Coalition, Suicide Paragraph, Uffa, Israels Venner På Stortinget, Norwegian Order of Precedence, Lund Report, Blitz, Liberalism in Norway, Mot Dag, List of Presidents of the Storting, List of Presidents of the Odelsting, the Declaration of Soria Moria, Palestinas Venner På Stortinget, List of Presidents of the Lagting, Schei Committee, Norwegian Official Report. Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 132. Not illustrated. Free updates online. Purchase includes a free trial membership in the publisher's book club where you can select from more than a million books without charge. Excerpt: This article is part of the series on:Norwegian language The Norwegian language struggle (målstriden, språkstriden or sprogstriden) is an ongoing controversy within Norwegian culture and politics related to spoken and written Norwegian. From the 16th to the 19th centuries, Danish was the standard written language of Norway due to the Danish rule of Norway. As a result, the development of modern written Norwegian has been subject to controversy related to nationalism, rural versus urban, Norway's literary history, dialect versus standard language, spelling reform, and orthography. In the United Kingdoms of Denmark and Norway (15361814), the official language was Danish. The urban Norwegian upper class spoke Dano-Norwegian, a form of Danish with Norwegian pronunciation and other minor local differences. After the two countries separated in 1814, Dano-Norwegian remained the official language of Norway and evolved gradually to incorporate Norwegian forms. In the early 20th century, a more activist approach to written Norwegian was adopted in public policy, leading to reforms to reflect Norwegian u...More: http://booksllc.net/?id=6711594 ... Read more

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Chapters: Constitution of Norway, Monarchy of Norway, Norwegian Government Agencies, Quisling Regime, Cabinet of Norway, List of Government Enterprises of Norway, List of Norwegian Governments, State Secretary, Norwegian Defence Security Service, State's Direct Financial Interest, Impeachment, Register for Governmental Approval of Financial Obligations, Governor of Svalbard, County Municipality, County Governor, State Budget of Norway, Norwegian Prosecuting Authority, Office of the Attorney General of Norway, Etat, Government.no, State Conciliator of Norway, Matrikkelutkastet Av 1950, Norwegian Official Report, Norwegian Council of State, Kostra. Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 127. Not illustrated. Free updates online. Purchase includes a free trial membership in the publisher's book club where you can select from more than a million books without charge. Excerpt: This article is part of the series:Politics and government ofNorway The Norwegian monarch or Sovereign is the head of state of Norway, which is a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary system of government. The Norwegian monarchy can trace its line back to the reign of Harald Fairhair and the previous petty kingdoms which were united to form Norway; it has been united with both Sweden and Denmark for long periods. The present sovereign is King Harald V, who has reigned since 17 January 1991. The heir apparent is his only son, Crown Prince Haakon. The Crown Prince undertakes various public ceremonial functions, as does the King's wife, Queen Sonja. The Crown Prince also acts as regent in the King's absence. There are several other members of the Royal Family, including the King's daughter, grandchildren and siblings. The Royal House is a branch of the princely family of Glücksburg, originally from Schleswig-Holstein in Germany, the same royal house as the Danish and former Greek royal families. While the Constitution of Norway grants important executive powers to ...More: http://booksllc.net/?id=4154892 ... Read more

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Chapters: The Government Pension Fund of Norway. Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 42. Not illustrated. Free updates online. Purchase includes a free trial membership in the publisher's book club where you can select from more than a million books without charge. Excerpt: The Government Pension Fund of Norway comprises two entirely separate sovereign wealth funds owned by the Government of Norway: The Government Pension Fund - Global (Norwegian: , SPU) is a fund into which the surplus wealth produced by Norwegian petroleum income is deposited. The fund changed name in January 2006 from its previous name The Petroleum Fund of Norway. The fund is commonly referred to as The Petroleum Fund (Norwegian: Oljefondet). As of the valuation in June 2007, it was the largest pension fund in Europe and the fourth largest in the world , although it is not actually a pension fund as it derives its financial backing from oil profits and not pension contributions. As of 31 March 2010 its total value is NOK 2.763 trillion ($443 billion), holding 1 per cent of global equity markets. With 1.78 per cent of European stocks, it is said to be the largest stock owner in Europe. The purpose of the petroleum fund is to invest parts of the large surplus generated by the Norwegian petroleum sector, generated mainly from taxes of companies, but also payment for license to explore as well as the State's Direct Financial Interest and dividends from partly state-owned Statoil. Current revenue from the petroleum sector is estimated to be at its peak period and to decline over the next decades. The Petroleum Fund was established in 1990 after a decision by the legislature assembly Storting to counter the effects of the forthcoming decline in income and to smooth out the disrupting effects of highly fluctuating oil prices. The fund is managed by Norges Bank Investment Management (NBIM), a part of the Norwegian Central Bank on behalf of the Ministry of Finance. It is c...More: http://booksllc.net/?id=590083 ... Read more

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Purchase includes free access to book updates online and a free trial membership in the publisher's book club where you can select from more than a million books without charge. Chapters: List of Heads of Government of Norway, Minister of Transport and Communications, Minister of Finance, Minister of Defence, Minister of Justice and the Police, Minister of Labour and Social Inclusion, Minister of Foreign Affairs, Minister of Auditing, Minister of the Navy and Postal Affairs, Minister of Industry, Minister of Trade and Shipping, Minister of the Environment, Minister of Local Government and Regional Development, Minister of Children and Equality, Minister of Petroleum and Energy, Minister of Culture and Church Affairs, Minister of Health and Care Services. Excerpt:Norway Government item Government Parliament Elections Local Gov't Foreign policy item Other countries · Atlas Politics portal This is a list of viceroys ( visekonge ), governors ( rigsstatholder ), first ministers ( førstestatsråd ) and prime ministers ( statsminister ) of Norway . Until 1873, the king of the personal union between Sweden and Norway governed Norway through two cabinets: one in Stockholm and another in Christiania (now Oslo ). The newly created Stockholm cabinet consisted of a prime minister and two ministers, whose role was to convey the attitudes of the Christiania cabinet to the Swedish king. The cabinet in Christiania was led by a governor ( rigsstatholder ). For brief periods, the incumbent crown prince was appointed Viceroy of Norway by the king, in which case the viceroy became the highest authority in Christiania. Whenever the king was present in Christiania, however, he assumed the highest authority, thus putting the governor or viceroy temporarily out of charge. Likewise, when there was no governor, viceroy or king present in Christiania (which was not unusual), the cabinet was led by the first minister , who was the most prominent member of the cabinet. In July 1873, the posi... ... Read more

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New Zealand Government and Business Contacts Handbook. (World Business, Investment and Government Library) ... Read more

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Chapters: Gro Harlem Brundtland, List of Heads of Government of Norway, Thorbjørn Jagland, Jens Stoltenberg, Kåre Willoch, Einar Gerhardsen, Trygve Bratteli, Johan Nygaardsvold, Jan P. Syse, Niels Mathias Rye, Frederik Stang, John Lyng, Per Borten, Johan Ludwig Mowinckel, Francis Hagerup, Oscar Torp, Peder Anker, Prime Minister of Norway, Gunnar Knudsen, Emil Stang, Christopher Hornsrud, Christian Homann Schweigaard, Christian Zetlitz Bretteville, Jens Hundseid, Ivar Lykke, Peder Kolstad. Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 108. Not illustrated. Free updates online. Purchase includes a free trial membership in the publisher's book club where you can select from more than a million books without charge. Excerpt: ·) (born 5 November 1950, né Thorbjørn Johansen) is a Norwegian politician for the Labour Party, and the Secretary-General of the Council of Europe. The President of the Storting since 2005, Jagland served as the Prime Minister of Norway from 1996 to 1997, and later as Minister of Foreign Affairs from 2000 to 2001. Prior to becoming Prime Minister, Jagland served as party secretary from 1986 to 1992, and subsequently party leader until 2002, when he was succeeded by Jens Stoltenberg. In 2009, he became Chairman of the Norwegian Nobel Committee. He did not run for reelection to parliament in 2009. Jagland was born in Drammen and studied briefly at the University of Oslo, whence he graduated with a one-year degree in Economics in 1975. He started his political career in the Workers' Youth League, and served as national leader from 1977 to 1981. Jagland also sat in Buskerud county council from 1975 to 1983. Jagland's cabinet, albeit short-lived, was marked by controversies from the beginning to the end, with two ministers being forced to withdraw following personal scandals. Jagland, who was also ridiculed for his quotes and statements, resigned following the 1997 election, even though his party won the most votes. Thorbjørn Jagla...More: http://booksllc.net/?id=192081 ... Read more

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Completely updated and revised for this new edition, our unique electronic book on two CD-ROMs has an amazing collection of the finest federal documents and resources about Norway, providing encyclopedic coverage of all aspects of the country. This disc set provides a truly fantastic reference source, with over one hundred thousand pages reproduced in Adobe Acrobat format!

This incredible and comprehensive series on the countries of the world contains material from the State Department, Department of Defense, White House, and cabinet agencies including Agriculture, Energy, and the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services.

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In addition to the nation-specific material, as a bonus we have included reports about every country on the globe, with 271 nations, dependent areas, and other entities identified by the Central Intelligence Agency. The CIA World Factbook is considered an invaluable "world encyclopedia" reference book.

This incredible two CD-ROM set is packed with over 122,000 pages reproduced using Adobe Acrobat PDF software - allowing direct viewing on Windows and Macintosh systems. The Acrobat cataloging technology adds enormous value and uncommon functionality to this impressive collection of government documents and material.

Our news and educational discs are privately compiled collections of official public domain U.S. government files and documents - they are not produced by the federal government. They are designed to provide a convenient user-friendly reference work, utilizing the benefits of the Adobe Acrobat format to uniformly present thousands of pages that can be rapidly reviewed, searched by finding specific words, or printed without untold hours of tedious research and downloading. Vast archives of important public domain government information that might otherwise remain inaccessible are available for instant review no matter where you are. This book-on-a-disc format makes a great reference work and educational tool. There is no other reference that is as fast, convenient, comprehensive, thoroughly researched, and portable - everything you need to know, from the federal sources you trust. ... Read more

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Purchase includes free access to book updates online and a free trial membership in the publisher's book club where you can select from more than a million books without charge. Excerpt: The Government Pension Fund of Norway comprises two entirely separate sovereign wealth funds owned by the Government of Norway: The Government Pension Fund - Global (Norwegian: , SPU) is a fund into which the surplus wealth produced by Norwegian petroleum income is deposited. The fund changed name in January 2006 from its previous name The Petroleum Fund of Norway. The fund is commonly referred to as The Petroleum Fund (Norwegian: Oljefondet). As of the valuation in June 2007, it was the largest pension fund in Europe and the fourth largest in the world , although it is not actually a pension fund as it derives its financial backing from oil profits and not pension contributions. As of 31 March 2010 its total value is NOK 2.763 trillion ($443 billion), holding 1 per cent of global equity markets. With 1.78 per cent of European stocks, it is said to be the largest stock owner in Europe. The purpose of the petroleum fund is to invest parts of the large surplus generated by the Norwegian petroleum sector, generated mainly from taxes of companies, but also payment for license to explore as well as the State's Direct Financial Interest and dividends from partly state-owned Statoil. Current revenue from the petroleum sector is estimated to be at its peak period and to decline over the next decades. The Petroleum Fund was established in 1990 after a decision by the legislature assembly Storting to counter the effects of the forthcoming decline in income and to smooth out the disrupting effects of highly fluctuating oil prices. The fund is managed by Norges Bank Investment Management (NBIM), a part of the Norwegian Central Bank on behalf of the Ministry of Finance. It is currently the largest pension fund in Europe and similar in size to the Californ... More: http://booksllc.net/?id=590083 ... Read more

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Chapters: List of Heads of Government of Norway, Timeline of Transport in Oslo. Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 24. Not illustrated. Free updates online. Purchase includes a free trial membership in the publisher's book club where you can select from more than a million books without charge. Excerpt: This article is part of the series:Politics and government ofNorway This is a list of viceroys (visekonge), governors (rigsstatholder), first ministers (førstestatsråd) and prime ministers (statsminister) of Norway. Until 1873, the king of the personal union between Sweden and Norway governed Norway through two cabinets: one in Stockholm and another in Christiania (now Oslo). The newly created Stockholm cabinet consisted of a prime minister and two ministers, whose role was to convey the attitudes of the Christiania cabinet to the Swedish king. The cabinet in Christiania was led by a governor (rigsstatholder). For brief periods, the incumbent crown prince was appointed Viceroy of Norway by the king, in which case the viceroy became the highest authority in Christiania. Whenever the king was present in Christiania, however, he assumed the highest authority, thus putting the governor or viceroy temporarily out of charge. Likewise, when there was no governor, viceroy or king present in Christiania (which was not unusual), the cabinet was led by the first minister, who was the most prominent member of the cabinet. In July 1873, the position of governor was abolished after being vacant since 1856. Simultaneously, the post of first minister in Christiania was upgraded to Prime Minister of Norway. Although the office of Norwegian Prime Minister in Stockholm still existed, the real power and influence over state affairs was moved to the prime minister in Christiania. When the union was dissolved in 1905, the prime minister in Stockholm simply ceased to function. The Governor General of Norway, styled Rigsstatholder in Danish or Riksståthållar...More: http://booksllc.net/?id=160261 ... Read more