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This digital document is an article from Encyclopedia of Crime and Justice, brought to you by Gale®, a part of Cengage Learning, a world leader in e-research and educational publishing for libraries, schools and businesses.The length of the article is 4840 words.The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase.You can view it with any web browser.Explores the full spectrum of communication, from careers to information technologies, in an interdisciplinary fashion. Emphasis is on both historical and current issues, topics, and people. ... Read more

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Over several hundred years, the juvenile justice system has evolved from one in which a child offender was prosecuted under the same guidelines used for adults to the current system in which society has recognized the unique status of juveniles within the criminal justice framework. Written by world-renowned legal scholar Cliff Roberson, Juvenile Justice: Theory and Practice provides a comprehensive overview of the system that administers the prosecution of young offenders. It examines how the juvenile justice system began, its current state, and the direction it appears to be heading.

Topics discussed include:

• Types of juvenile delinquency cases, arrest statistics, juvenile justice organizations, and the concept of judicial waiver
• The history of juvenile courts, including the parens patriae doctrine, early laws, In re Gault, and concepts of reform versus punishment
• Delinquency causation philosophies, including social, cultural deviance, symbolic interactionist, and psychological theories
• Types of abuse and neglect, child protective services, and child abuse prevention programs
• Law enforcement agencies, the structure of juvenile courts, juvenile court procedures, transfers to criminal court, and the concept of individual rights
• Juvenile probation and parole, juvenile institutions, group homes, boot camps, and shock programs
• Selected issues in juvenile justice, including drug abuse, juvenile sex offenders, and youth gangs

The book cites actual court cases to demonstrate concepts, provides review questions at the end of each chapter, and includes a glossary of relevant terms. A concise and practical text on juvenile justice, this volume facilitates understanding of this complex and critical subject.

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The field of community corrections has experienced unprecedented growth and change over the last ten years as a result of both increased public concern for crime and the criminal justice system's response to that concern. Today, more than three-quarters of the nation's offenders under some form of correctional supervision are supervised in the community, most on probation and parole. The second edition of this successful collection attempts to chronicle this evolution by bringing together articles that describe, and sometimes question, traditional practice in the field. Sincethe first edition, several authors have contributed a great deal to our understanding of what works in the field of community corrections, and their work is now represented in this collection. ... Read more