Geometry.Net - Basic_R: Roman Empire Government & Laws

Römische Geschichte - Roman History - Teil 1
roman government and laws the Kings of Early Rome; romanSites - a catalog of websiteson roman antiquity; online; Rome - Republic to empire - VROMA - Barbara F
http://www.lateinforum.de/altge2.htm

Extractions: Römische Geschichte - Roman History - Teil 1 Ancient History Sourcebook - Rome Republic and Empire Ancient Rome - Roman History and Government - the Monarchy - the Republic - the Empire - SPQR Online Antikes Rom - Stefan Röhrich Civilizations in History - Julius Caesar - Colosseum - Codified Law Early Roman Government - The Latins - The Etruscans - The Kings of Early Rome Encyclopaedia Romana - illustrated encyclopaedia on the history and culture of ancient Rome History online - Ancient Rome - Linksammlung Links - NM's Creative Impulse- Rome Maecenas - Images of Ancient Greece and Rome Nuntavi - Ancient Roman history and related books Römische Politik - Innen- und Außenpolitik - Imperium-Romanum - Clemens Feldmann - Political History of Rome Römische Politik - Roman Politics Römisches Glossar - von Ala bis Triclinium Roma - History and Civilization of the Eternal City Roman Essay Index - a list of available essays on Roman History starting from 133BC to about 14AD - Greg Ong Roman Government and Laws - the Kings of Early Rome Roman Life - Leben in Rom RomanSites - a catalog of websites on Roman antiquity Rome - exploring ancient world cultures Rome - Odyssey online Rome - Republic to Empire - VROMA - Barbara F. McManus, The College of New Rochelle
The Holy Roman Empire
The Holy roman empire beginning and end of reign successors and replacements High officers of the empire text in a number of laws assumes that the emperor is Catholic, incapacitated, but stayed out of the government of the empire otherwise.
http://www.heraldica.org/topics/national/hre.htm

Extractions: References The Holy Roman Empire (official name: sacrum romanum imperium, more details below ) designates a political entity that covered a large portion of Europe, centered on Germany, from 962 to 1806. The Holy Roman Empire originates in the eastern half of Charlemagne's empire, divided after his death. In 800, Charlemagne had received from the pope the title of Emperor ( Imperator Augustus ), reminiscent of the title held by Roman emperors, both in the Rome of old and in the Byzantium of the time. By 911 eastern and western Franconia, as the area was known, had completely separated, the latter continuing as the kingdom of the Franks, or France; the latter continuing as the kingdom of Germany. In 962 Otto I the Great reclaimed the imperial dignity which had lost all prestige and was conferred by popes on bit players in Italian politics. This is usually taken to be the founding date of the Holy Roman Empire. The Holy Roman Empire ( HRE ) never achieved the political unification that France did; a prolonged attempt at centralizing authority starting with Maximilian I (1493-1519) was wrecked by the Reformation and the ensuing wars, culminating with the Thirty Years War (1618-48) and the Treaty of Westphalia (1648). The latter formalized the relationship between the Emperor and his vassals, who thereby achieved all but complete sovereignty. As a result, the HRE was still composed at the end of the 18th century of around 360 distinct entities, differing widely in size, rank and power. Some were kings and princes, other were counts; some were clerics, other were secular rulers.
Roman Government And Laws: The Roman Senate
power and its approval of acts of the emperor his laws was purely To compare thisform of government with the government of the later roman empire, see A
http://myron.sjsu.edu/romeweb/GOVT/senat2.htm

Extractions: Contents Previous Article Next Article The Roman Republic was a form of government that worked well with a city-state or even a group of powerful city-states in control of a region. With the annexation of Spain, Macedonia, Greece, the East, and North Africa in the Second Century B. C., Rome had come to control a vast empire and the Republic with its two consuls, senate, and small group of magistrates was not an adequate government for an empire of the size Rome had acquired. Many of the early senators were great orators and we have their words preserved for us today by contemporary historians. Cato the Censor, Cicero, and others sometimes swayed the opinion of the entire population of Rome with their fine oratory and persuasive arguments. During the later Roman Empire, the Senate had become more of an elite club for members of old aristocratic and equestrian families. It had no real governing power and its approval of acts of the emperor his laws was purely ceremonial. By this time, there were over one thousand senators. The Roman Senate survived even after the fall of the Roman Empire in the West when Rome had sunk to the status of a medium sized Italian city. Boethius, the Sixth Century advisor and close friend to Theodoric the Ostrogoth declared that the thing that made him happiest in his life was when his two sons were made Roman Senators. To compare this form of government with the government of the later Roman Empire, see
Roman Government And Laws: Governing The Different Geographical Regions Of The E
the Different Geographical Regions of the empire happened to Carausius, the roman general entrusted by Diocletian both The roman government and The Later roman empire topics.
http://myron.sjsu.edu/romeweb/govt/art15.htm

Extractions: Contents Previous Article Next Article The VICARIVS, or governor of Spain's insignia of office includes female figures personnifying the three provinces of the Diocese of Spain The three ladies are wearing crowns and carrying baskets. The baskets symbolize the produce of the diocese in taxes. The vicarius also has the silver and ivory inkstand, which symbolizes his authority and ability to act as a judge in judicial matters. The office of VICARIVS BRITTANIARVM (Governor of Britain) is represented by a page of the Notitia Dignitatum depicting the island of Britain and its fortified towns. Tthe Romans realized that Britain was an island, but they made no attempt to create an accurate map in its representation of Britain in the Notitia Dignitatum.
Roman Government And Laws: A Quick Look At Governments In Classical Times
one year, and the Senate, originally consisting of 200 members, passed laws. In order to be elected to the Senate, The roman government. The Republic. The Late empire. Other empires
http://myron.sjsu.edu/romeweb/govt/art1.htm

Extractions: Contents Previous Article Next Article In earliest times, scholars believe that humans were ruled by chieftains or tribal leaders. These men became the rulers because they were already leaders in the more powerful clans and families. They usually kept their position as petty king or tribal chief because of their strength and skill in battle. When societies began to be melded together to form the earliest civilizations, an all- powerful ruler or king governed them. Early rulers like Hammurabi, Sennacherib, Xerxes, and Pharaoh Ramses I held immense power while their subjects had few rights other than the right to obey thir rulers. The Roman (and later Byzantine) civil service was every bit as complex as our own. Taxes rose to a huge proportion of the gross national product in the later periods of the Empire. A document, Notitia Dignitatum, of which only medieval copies now survive, gives a highly detailed account of the Roman civil and military service during the late fourth and early fifth centuries. The offices, along with their duties, responsibilities, powers, and symbols of office are listed and illustrated. A military count (comes) outranked a duke (DUX) who might only be responsible for the defense of one province. The Roman civil service and bureaucracy was almost as complex as our own, and was more of an oppressive burden on the people than direct rule by the emperor ever was. At the end of the Classical Age, the Roman West disintegrated into petty kingdoms ruled in a very similar way to the early tribes mentioned at the beginning of this article. Although technology and learning had advanced, political organization and government had regressed several thousand years. Rulers like Clovis (About 480 - 511) Theoderic (493 - 524), and Charlemagne (About 756 - 814) ruled kingdoms of the Franks and Ostrogoths that were the beginnings of modern nations of France and Italy.
Living In The Roman Empire
Living in the roman empire Brainstorming What You Know and What You Wonder what they know about the roman empire its citizens, government, laws, religion, art, construction, military power,
http://www.ohanalearning.com/lessons/AGC/AGC015/lessonplans1_1.html
Ancient Roman Law
government. The romans relied on civil laws to address a variety of these issues.roman law in the republic was often based on custom. During the roman empire,
http://www.crystalinks.com/romelaw.html

Extractions: As the empire developed, the emperor stood at the top of the administrative system. He served as military commander in chief, high priest, court of appeal, and source of law. All this power was intensely personal: Soldiers swore their oath to the emperor, not to a constitution or a flag. Personal ties of patronage, friendship, and marriage had always bound together Roman society, but during the empire the emperor became the universal patron. The emperors took over the Senate's political and legislative power, but they needed the help of senators who had experience in diplomacy, government, and military command. Since the emperor designated candidates for all government positions, senators had no other access to high office except through loyal service. A shrewd emperor could turn senatorial pride and loyalty to the advantage of the empire. By simply allowing senators to wear a broad purple stripe on their togas, for example, the emperor marked them as rulers of the Mediterranean and added to their prestige.
Gibbon: General Observations
most passive obedience to the laws, though they declined the active subjects of the roman empire, excluded from the common benefits of their auspicious government. The deaths of
http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/jod/texts/gibbon.fall.html

Extractions: The Greeks, after their country had been reduced into a province, imputed the triumphs of Rome, not to the merit, but to the FORTUNE, of the republic. The inconstant goddess, who so blindly distributes and resumes her favours, had now consented (such was the language of envious flattery) to resign her wings, to descend from her globe, and to fix her firm and immutable throne on the banks of the Tiber. A wiser Greek, who has composed, with a philosophic spirit, the memorable history of his own times, deprived his countrymen of this vain and delusive comfort by opening to their view the deep foundations of the greatness of Rome. The fidelity of the citizens to each other, and to the state, was confirmed by the habits of education and the prejudices of religion. Honour, as well as virtue, was the principle of the republic; the ambitious citizens laboured to deserve the solemn glories of a triumph; and the ardour of the Roman youth was kindled into active emulation, as often as they beheld the domestic images of their ancestors. The temperate struggles of the patricians and plebeians had finally established the firm and equal balance of the constitution; which united the freedom of popular assemblies with the authority and wisdom of a senate-and the executive powers of a regal magistrate. When the consul displayed the standard of the republic, each citizen bound himself, by the obligation of
Cities Self-government In The Roman Empire
highestranking position in local government, normally occupied was not to be encouragedin the roman empire. They enforced the laws themselves, but they had
http://www.geocities.com/epic_of_gilgamesh/citiesgovern.html

Extractions: To What extent did cities govern themselves independently under the Roman Empire? In the Roman Empire, ultimate power lay in the hands of the Emperor. Though the emperors were worshipped by some and greatly honoured by all, they were not omnipotent. The amount of work that they could undertake was limited. This meant that much of the authority was delegated to other persons and bodies of people. These ranged from the Senate down to town officials. Thus the cities had some authority to govern themselves via appointed officials. The powers that each had varied as you descended the ladder. The scale was not necessarily the main variant, the area of powers was perhaps more significant. There were a series of statutes that governed these. One of the best examples remaining of these statutes is the Law of Irni (Lex Irnitana). The Law of Irni contains detailed instructions about the precise roles and authorities of each individual. There is a clear distinction about the role that each one has to play. The aedile is described in ch. 19 as having the responsibility over the running of the city. This is limited to specifics including managing the corn supply, the sacred and holy places and the roads. The aedile was in charge of the practical matters. The duties and authority of an aedile was limited and was not allowed to overstep the mark and contradict superior regulatory documents as ch. 19 states: And as long as none of all those duties which are listed above is carried out contrary to statues, plebiscites, decrees of the Senate, edicts, judgements or constitutions of the Divine Augustus or (previous emperors listed) or the Emperor Caesar Domitian Augustus, chief priest, father of his country, those aediles are to have rights and powers. This is a standard formula repeated throughout the Law of Irni. It explains that the aedile is to have powers as long as he doesnt go beyond his limits. This is important, as the ultimate power still lay in the central regimes, but the city had officials who could operate without direct reference to Rome or other authorities to a certain degree. The situation of quaestors is related using the same formula as that for aediles. The difference is the area of government for which they have authority. Quaestors are financial officials. This is described in ch. 20 in detail: And they are to have the right and power of collecting, spending, keeping, administering and looking after the common funds of the municipes of the municipium at the discretion of the duumviri. The Lex Irnitana clearly defines the limits of each local magistrate. The central regime wanted as little direct intervention with local matters as possible. Delegation was important, but independence was limited. The roles are clearly defined and formulaic, which indicates that the Lex Irnitana followed a model used throughout the Empire. The implication of this is that the roles were common and of common definition throughout the provinces. There may have been some exceptions in large cities with a history of independence such as Athens and Alexandria, but the rule would have been very similar in the vast majority of Roman cities. Finances were vital to all the citizens in the Empire. Embassies were used to achieve benefits from the Emperor and the city of Rome. Due to logistical problems, embassies were very expensive. Id. Ch. I details how an ambassador is to behave and what his penalties will be if he fails to perform his duties satisfactorily: No ambassador is to act or speak contrary to the instructions of the decurions or conscripti, nor is ho to apply wrongful intent so that anything happens contrary to the instructions of the decurions or conscripti or that the embassy is completed or makes its report late. Anyone who knowingly and with wrongful intent contrary to these rules is to be condemned to pay the value of the case in which he did anything contrary to these rules. This was harsh, as the value of an embassy was inordinately high. Ch. 24 of the Law of Irni brings out an interesting case of local magistracy. It details the situation when a municipium (type of Roman City) conferred the duumvirate (highest-ranking position in local government, normally occupied by propraetors or others of equivalent rank) on the Emperor. The Emperor would then appoint someone as Prefect with wide powers: If the Emperor accepts that duumvirate and orders anyone to be prefect in his place, that prefect is to have the same rights as he would have if it had been appropriate for him to be appointed sole duumvir under this statute and he had been appointed sole duumvir for the administration of justice. That is to say, the prefect would have the power over the city, answerable only to the Emperor himself. This would have normally happened if the city had been troublesome or some dispute had caused the local governing bodies to cease to function effectively. The central bodies had the right to step in and take direct control should the situation arise. This is an example of the limits of local magistracies. The duumvirate had the right to appoint a prefect to take his role temporarily should he be unable to perform his roles that day. This is described in ch. 25. The powers of the cities to regulate themselves ranged from quite major powers to those that seem relatively irrelevant, such as seating arrangements as detailed in ch. 81: Whatever games are given in that municipium, in whatever seats each group of men was accustomed to watch the games before this statute, they are to watch them in the same seats. The choice of who was to sit where was not down to local magistracies, just the enforcing of the regulation as detailed in the Lex Irnitana. This particular law, though innocuous in sound, would have important social implications. Matters such as positioning in public events had a great deal of effect in other peoples perception of your honour and prestige. It is likely that such prestige had been the cause of many serious arguments and disagreements so this standard law incorporated regulations to control it. Civil law was in the hands of the cities as long as the case wasnt too large or serious. The limit was set at 1000 sesterces along with many other restrictions. This is from ch. 84: Whichever municipes or incolae of that municipium wish privately within the boundaries of that municipium to bring an action against or sue or claim against each other on any matter provided that the matter is worth 1000 sesterces or less, provided. The duumvir who is in charge of the administration of justice there is to have jurisdiction and the right of granting or assigning a iudex or recupatores from those whose names are published there, and a trial. For the wealthy of the city, this was not too significant a sum for concern. This had the effect that the wealthy were in charge of the civil law of the poorer members of a city and the wealthy were judged by central authority. This was important, as the balance of power was kept constant. A common formula found throughout the Law of Irni, is that any disputes that are not covered in sufficient detail in this copy of the law is to be decided by reference to the example of Romes actions. This is a catchall designed to ensure conflicts are resolved quickly and efficiently. It is repeated to force home the authority of Rome over all the provincial cities. Ch. 93 is a good example of this: On whatever matters there is no explicit provision or rule in this statute they (the municipes) are to deal with each other in all these matters under the civil law under which Roman citizens deal or will deal with each other. This is further enforcing the idea that Rome is superior and is a reminder that provincials are ultimately under the power of Rome. The Lex Irnitana provides an intricate framework for the jurisdiction of a city, but any problems arent to be resolved internally, they are to be referred to central authority. To have to do this would have been a matter of dishonour to a city, as it would have shown incompetence and unruliness. This was not to be encouraged in the Roman Empire. It was a veiled threat to ensure that the provincials didnt become too independent. They enforced the laws themselves, but they had little to do with law creation, though interpretation and importance of laws was in their hands. There were different classes of city in the Roman Empire. Irni was a municipium and so was a relatively low-class city. Free cities such as Aphrodisias had certain privileges. Inscriptions from this city remain that show the privileges granted by the emperor and the Senate. These range from exemption from compulsory liturgy, tax and civic affairs. These privileges were normally continued through reigns of emperors except in exceptional circumstances (this is taken from Reynolds, Aphrodisias and Rome (1982) no.15): Your freedom, autonomy and other (privileges) which were given you by the Senate and the emperors who preceded me, I confirmed earlier. This shows the benefits of certain status for a city over those who were of lower status. They governed themselves with greater independence than a municipium could. The problem of liturgy is returned to in the Papyri from Egypt. The Fayum Papyrus details a physician who has been forced to undertake the office of superintendent of confiscated property. He then proceeds to ask for pity and includes precedents. Precedents were crucial in the Roman legal system and many examples of using them to further personal cases exist. They were used as attempts to assert their rights when they felt their independent rule was threatened. In conclusion, these sources indicate that the cities had certain autonomy in self-rule. This was restricted to the level of enforcement of regulations that they wished to use. The central authorities set the laws and these were passed out to the regions. The interpretation left room for manoeuvre but the intention was that disputes were to be settled by the example of Rome. The Emperor and Rome wanted little direct involvement with provincial cities, but they also wanted to restrict independence of these towns. This was why central laws existed; though local modifications did exist for the more fortuitous cities. Important matters such as conflicts between the Alexandrians and the Jews mentioned in the letter of Claudius to the Alexandrians were to be taken out of the hands of the provinces and referred to Rome or even the Emperor.
Kingdom
kingdom coming to earth after the roman empire of these Ambassadors are officials,representatives of a government, in the of rules, a code of laws in order to
http://www.geocities.com/dasydministries/kingdom.html

Extractions: BOX 3435, SPRUCE GROVE, ALBERTA, CANADA T7X-3A7 This is an excerpt from the book "YHVH'S law and The Ten Commandments" Most people use the words "kingdom of YHVH" without realizing what it actually means. If you look in a dictionary you will see that a "kingdom" is a "state of government with a king or queen presiding over it" . A kingdom requires; laws, a form of government, citizens, land/territory, and a ruler. The kingdom of Yah is just this. When Yeshua comes back, He will form the kingdom of YHVH on earth, and this kingdom will be ruled by various anointed people who have followed the teachings of Adonai, whether it was back in the days of Abraham, or now. This kingdom will be heading by Yeshua Himself and King David, who will represent Adonai, as foretold in a prophesy of Isaiah. Isa. 9:6 "For a child will be born to us, a son will be given to us; And the government will rest on His shoulders; And His name will be called Wonderful Counselor, Mighty Yah, Eternal Father, Prince of Peace."
Roman Government
government in Rome Since you've seen what ancient Rome looked like, now you should learn who made the laws you would have followed if you had lived there. What is an Emperor? Emperors were very important figures in ancient Rome. the empire. The emperor did not have unlimited power because there were other important figures in the roman government.
http://www.urich.edu/~ed344/webunits/greecerome/Romegovt1.html
Rome - Roman Law - Government - Constitution
Twelve Tables The laws of the twelve roman tables senate and the role of the peoplein government at the Chapter 44 of The Decline and Fall of the roman empire.
http://ancienthistory.about.com/cs/romelaw/
Fall Of Rome - Decline Of The Roman Empire
this superiority insensibly declined with their laws and manners the vigour of themilitary government was relaxed Gibbon Decline and Fall of the roman empire
http://ancienthistory.about.com/library/weekly/aa061599.htm

Extractions: Join the Discussion "Does anyone know why the Roman Empire (after Rome falls in 476 A.D.) is called the Byzantine Empire? I have read that around the 300s A.D. the capital of the western empire was moved into northern Italy. Is the Byzantine Empire just a modern name that was given to the empire after the west collasped?"
Where Do Our Laws Come From? About The Courts.
The Australian government makes laws for all Australians and covers really big guideby lawmakers when they are developing new laws for each The roman empire.
http://www.justice.qld.gov.au/education/courts/ourlaws.htm

Extractions: About the courts ... Which court? Warning: These are large files (350kB+) and will take some time to download. You will need your sound turned on. Societies have been ordered by laws from the earliest times. Indeed, humans as social beings often found it necessary to regulate behaviour for the good of the whole and the protection of individuals where numbers of them gathered together in communities. The 10 commandments from the Bible were an early set of laws for the Jewish people to follow. They were simple and direct. Often, as societies grew, peaked and then faded, the laws developed and changed to suit different circumstances. However, the Romans collected and wrote down laws and had a wide-ranging and uniform system of Courts where civil and criminal cases were heard.
Travel-Italy.com | Community
in the fifth century BC and were followed by other laws. improvements in the administration,justice and military branches of the roman empire's government.
http://www.travel-italy.com/community/feature_articles/at_the_top_of_the_hill.ph

Extractions: You are here Community Home Feature Articles -> At the Top of the Hill Karyn Dest, Staff Writer It would become one of the world's greatest empires. But in the beginning, it was just a city on one of Italy's many hills. Near the Tiber River, Rome began as a monarchy in the eighth century BC, when it was founded by a mostly agricultural tribe called the Latini. Though early Rome had an agrarian-based economy, its location between Campania and Etruria, as well as the Tiber, lent itself easily to a future in commerce. In the sixth century BC, Rome became a republic, complete with written laws. These laws, The Laws of the Twelve Tables, were carved in bronze in the fifth century BC and were followed by other laws. A society of law-abiding citizens was born. Rome's greatest obstacle helped it reap some of its greatest rewards. The young empire was often involved in conflicts with neighboring civilizations. Could a young city atop a hill become a military strength? Indeed, this city could. By winning wars with neighboring city-states, Rome succeeded in becoming powerful. By the end of the third century BC, Rome was the envy of the world's other strong military powers: Carthage , Egypt, Syria and Macedonia.
The Decline And Fall Of The Roman Empire XLV
The Decline And Fall Of The roman empire by Edward and Manners of the Lombards Dressand Marriage government. 643, laws Misery of Rome The Tombs and Relics of
http://www.ccel.org/g/gibbon/decline/volume2/cntnt45.htm
The Decline And Fall Of The Roman Empire
already shown that the powers of government were divided If the decline of the Romanempire was hastened by happiness, the system of arts, and laws, and manners
http://www.ccel.org/g/gibbon/decline/volume1/chap39.htm

Extractions: The Decline And Fall Of The Roman Empire In The West General Observations On The Fall Of The Roman Empire In The West THE Greeks, after their country had been reduced into a province, imputed the triumphs of Rome, not to the merit, but to the FORTUNE, of the republic. The inconstant goddess who so blindly distributes and resumes her favours, had now consented (such was the language of envious flattery) to resign her wings, to descend from her globe, and to fix her firm and immutable throne on the banks of the Tiber. A wiser Greek, who has composed, with a philosophic spirit, the memorable history of his own times, deprived his countrymen of this vain and delusive comfort, by opening to their view the deep foundations of the greatness of Rome. The fidelity of the citizens to each other and to the state was confirmed by the habits of education and the prejudices of religion. Honour, as well as virtue, was the principle of the republic; the ambitious citizens laboured to deserve the solemn glories of a triumph; and the ardour of the Roman youth was kindled into active emulation as often as they beheld the domestic images of their ancestors. The temperate struggles of the patricians and plebeians had finally established the firm and equal balance of the constitution, which united the freedom of popular assemblies with the authority and wisdom of a senate and the executive powers of a regal magistrate. When the consul displayed the standard of the republic, each citizen bound himself, by the obligation of an oath, to draw his sword in the cause of his country till he had discharged the sacred duty by a military service of ten years. This wise institution continually poured into the field the rising generations of freemen and soldiers; and their numbers were reinforced by the warlike and populous states of Italy, who, after a brave resistance, had yielded to the valour and embraced the alliance of the Romans. The sage historian, who excited the virtue of the younger Scipio and beheld the ruin of Carthage
The Electronic Passport To Constantinople And The Fall Of Rome
The roman empire is gone, but not forgotten roman art, architecture, government, andreligion are still a part Many roman laws were revised to reflect Christian
http://www.mrdowling.com/702-constantinople.html

Extractions: HOME TIME AND SPACE PREHISTORY MESOPOTAMIA ... Christianity Constantine and Constantinople Constantinople and the Fall of Rome Constantine decided to move his government to a place that was safe from foreign invasion. Rome was under attack from barbarian invaders north of the Italian peninsula. In AD330, Constantine moved to a city called Byzantium in modern Turkey. Constantine renamed the city "Constantinople," which means "city of Constantine." Roman civilization survived for centuries in Constantine's eastern empire, long after the actual city of Rome and the empire's western provinces fell to invaders. Historians refer to this as the Byzantine Empire. It included modern Greece, Yugoslavia, and Turkey. The Byzantine Empire lasted until 1453, when it fell to Turkish warriors. The warriors brought their faith in Islam to Constantinople, and converted the many churches to mosques. Constantinople is now known as Istanbul, Turkey. While the empire continued in the east, the city of Rome was under attack. In AD410, illiterate warriors known as Visigoths overran the city. In AD476, a Visigoth warrior named Odoacer made himself emperor of Rome. The "Eternal City" of Rome continued to exist, but the empire dissolved into many small kingdoms. Western Europe fell into a period of war and disease known as the "Dark Ages." Then, after about 1000 years, the region experienced a "rebirth" known as the Renaissance. The people of the Renaissance referred to the era of the Greeks and the Romans as "the classical age," a term we still use today.
PBS: The Roman Empire In The First Century - Classroom Resources
view the video selections of The roman empire in the religion, and the results ofkeeping government and religion allowed him to pass many new laws and impose
http://www.pbs.org/empires/romans/classroom/lesson8.html
Senator
an empire, who was the leader? Were there still senators? government in Rome Read this site about the roman Emperors, branches of government, and laws.
http://oncampus.richmond.edu/academics/as/education/projects/webquests/rome/sena

Extractions: Senator In Ancient Rome, a senator was a powerful Roman citizen who helped make laws and control the city. As a senator, you will learn more about Roman government, including senators, emperors, and the connections between their government and the United States government. Pay attention to these areas as you explore your sites. Record the questions and their answers on your tablet. Government in Rome - Read this site about the Roman Emperors, branches of government, and laws. Why did the Romans want to have an Emperor? What are the three branches of government? Which one is the most powerful part of the legislative branch? Were women allowed to vote in Ancient Rome? Are they allowed to vote today? Do you think the laws about voting should be like the Ancient Roman times, or do you agree with today's laws? Why or why not?

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