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Tonga Culture:     more books (27)

Iron Age Cultures in Zambia. Volume 2: (Dambwa, Ingombe Ilede, and the Tonga) by Brian M Fagan, 1969 South Pacific Tales - Legends And Myths From Tonga, Samoa, Papua New Guinea, Easter Island (Folklore History Series) by Various, 2010-07-26 Radio Tonga Reply by Kerry James. (response to Valerio Valeri, in this issue, p.75): An article from: Oceania Iron Age Cultures in Zambia (Dambwa, Ingombe Ilede, and the Tonga): Volume Two by Brian M.; D. W. Phillipspm; S. G. H. Daniels Fagan, 1969 Iron Age Cultures In Zambia: (V.2) Dambwa, Ingombe Ilede, and the Tonga, Volume Two by Brian M. Fagan;And S.G.H. DanielsD.W. Phillipson, 1969 A feasibility study of the proposed mullet farm in Vava'u, Tonga by K. Roger Uwate, 1983 Background papers for the feasibility study of the proposed mullet farm in Vava'u, Tonga by K. Roger Uwate, 1983 Bibliography of Western Polynesia: Fiji, Tonga, and Samoa by Linda Barney-Campbell, 1991 Tonga-Women & Theological Impact by Lynette Mo'unga Fuka-Tu'itupou, 2001-05-01 What does your African name mean?: The meanings of indigenous names among the Tonga of southern Zambia (Interim report / Institute for African Studies, Division for Culture Research) by Mwizenge Tembo, 1989 Thinking in Tongan society by I. F Helu, 1982 Improving organizational effectiveness of systems for generation, exchange and utilization of agricultural knowledge by George M Beal, 1987

lists with details

21. Education World® - *Social Sciences : Area Studies : Pacific / Oceania : Tonga
    information. tonga culture People Resource offers pictures and descriptionsof the ways and traditions of native Tongan styles of dress.  
    http://db.education-world.com/perl/browse?cat_id=5644

22. Tonga Nuku'alofa Welcome
    Latterday Saints. The Site is Maintained by a Palangi who did notserve in Tonga but loves the tonga culture. Please feel free  
    http://tonga.nukualofa.mission.net/

23. Fiji Culture Guide
    fiji tourist information. Readers may also be interested in the following destinationsCook Island Culture Samoa Culture tonga culture Hawaii Culture.  
    http://www.fiji-travel.com/culture.html
    
    Extractions: Indigenous Fijians live in communal environments with chiefs holding enormous powers over the common villagers. Land is not owned by individual families, rather land is given to them by the chief to farm. Houses, or bures in Fijian , sit side by side, often radiating from the chiefs house, and are without borders or fences. The village church is usually the most elaborate building in the village and Sunday is a strict day of rest. Women do most of the work around the house from collecting firewood for cooking to weaving mats for the floors whilst the men fish, plant and above all else, drink yaqona , the traditional drink of fiji. The village playing field is the centre of activity at sundown when all men relax playing touch rugby. Whilst it is not ethical to just turn up at a village expecting accommodation, Fijians are very hospitable people and often invite guests to stay in their homes. Presenting a gift of Yaqona roots is the customary gratuity. Some villages offer homestay or guesthouse accommodation and these offer a great insight into Fijian culture and a chance to explore the local environment. When exploring, tourists should always be accompanied by a local villager so as not to cause any insult to the local landowners. Yaqona is the traditional drink of Fiji and serves as a ceremonial and social mediator between parties. Yaqona ceremonies are performed at all social and cultural events from village fund-raising to Weddings. Participants sit in a circle on the floor facing the tanoa, a large hand-carved wooden bowl used for mixing the drink. Participants drink the brown liquid from a small half coconut shell of mixed Yaqona, one at a time, amidst chanting and hand-clapping. The taste is quite unusual to the western palette and leaves a slight numbing effect on the tongue. Drunk in volume, Yaqona causes lethargy and a slight loss of co-ordination, or, as the Fijians like to put it, relaxation. Guests are also welcomed to a village through the Yaqona ceremony and many resorts hold nightly sessions. This is a great way to get to know the people. Organized day tours to a village should include the yaqona ceremony.

24. NEWS.com.au | Tonga's Queen 'not Amused' (archived)
    In tonga culture requires much tougher standards and in a royal presence reportersnot only need a tie, but both male and female must wear a ta'ovala or woven  
    http://www.news.com.au/common/story_page/0,4057,6115593%5E401,00.html
    
    Extractions: Queen Halaevalu Mata'aho is on a state visit to Fiji while her husband, King Taufa'ahau Tupou, is back in his kingdom where he recently banned the country's main newspaper, Taimi 'o Tonga. The Fiji Times said Mata'aho took exception to two journalists who were at a regional book launch and whom she and her entourage from Tonga described as "insulting and disrespectful". She said publishers and editors of different media organisations should instruct their reporters on what to wear when on significant assignments. Fiji Media Council chairman Daryl Tarte told the newspaper that reporters should be fully aware of what to wear when they were covering stories about distinguished people.

25. Tongan History Association Homepage
    Founded 1989 to preserve, study, and discuss significant events in the development of the Tongan nation Category Society History Organizations with the kind permission of the editors, the following articles which appeared inthe publication, Gunson, Herda and Terrell (eds.) tonga culture and History  
    http://sunsite.anu.edu.au/spin/PACASSOC/TONGHIST/tonghist.htm
    
    Extractions: THE TONGAN HISTORY ASSOCIATION T Tonga Culture and History , RSPAS, ANU, 1990. CONTENTS Introduction A brief history of the Tongan History Conference and Association Tongan History Association Newsletter Membership to the Tongan History Association ... 2003 THA Conference PACIFIC ISLANDS history has always had its devotees outside the Islands although for the greater part of the last two hundred years Western scholars have had to depend on the collections and translations of missionaries, expatriate officials and perceptive visitors rather than on firsthand accounts by Islanders themselves. While there is a considerable amount of vernacular material extant only a small proportion of this has been translated satisfactorily. Although historians and anthropologists have been working in this field throughout the twentieth century their positive contribution to Islands history has often been offset by their dependence on the writings and collections of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries and their ignorance of alternative traditions and lack of critical expertise in the assessment of traditional material. Westerners are not alone in this. In the countries Christianised early, particularly within Polynesia, much of the traditional material survives in the written word rather than in the schooled memory of the traditional custodians of knowledge and much of that material has also been bowdlerised, sanitised, or otherwise changed by indigenous Christian and political censorship. Younger, more critical Pacific Islanders just do not have access to a comprehensive living tradition of their ancestral beliefs, especially in the controversial areas of religion and politics. They, too, are forced to stand outside the new culture of the last two hundred years and reassess their history and societal background. This is not an easy task as all too often one gets the impression that - for instance - there is a widespread belief that the present day faka Tonga or fa'a Samoa have not changed since time immemorial.

26. AFRICA, MOZAMBIQUE, PEOPLE
    years ago. Some were absorbed into Tsonga cultures, but a separatetonga culture still exists along the lower Zambezi. The Chopi  
    http://www.zzam.org/Full/Africa/Mozambique/People/Mozambique1_People.htm

27. Kingdom Of Tonga - CultureTongan National Center Unique Cultural Experiences Vis
    Top RegionalOceaniaTongaSociety and culture (8). Categories. Web Pages  
    http://www.sfconsulate.gov.to/culture.htm

28. Kingdom Of Tonga - Culture
    Feasting is generally followed by singing and dancing. tonga is an extremelytalented musical nation. More information about tongan culture  
    http://www.vacations.tvb.gov.to/culture.htm
    
    Extractions: Tongan National Center U nique Cultural Experiences Visit the Exhibition Center housing local historical artifacts. The adjacent gallery offers contemporary art and genuine cultural handicrafts. See tapa and Canoe making; wood carving; basket weaving and mat making. For admission fees contact your travel agent, Tonga Visitors Bureau offices worldwide or telephone the Tonga National Center at 23-022. Tonga has a rich tradition of arts and crafts. Basket Making The bleached fibers of pandanus and coconut leaf are some the most common materials to make a variety of unique baskets and containers. Wood Carving Figures of ancient sacred images are a popular subject for local wood carvers. The carver spends days of patient and skilled carving to produce unique goods carved turtles; fish; linen chests and plaques - to name just some items on display. Tongan Jewelry Tongan women wear their jewelry with great pride. You will marvel at the workmanship. Make your selection from unique pendants; pearls or tortoise shell necklaces, Spanish style combs, bracelets or other interesting pieces. Tapa Products Tapa is made and used extensively in Tonga. Tapa cloth plays an important role in Tongan social life. A long and skilled process is involved to convert the bark of the mulberry tree into tapa cloth. Some of the unique items made from tapa include: fans, place mats, wall hangings, table cloths and handbags. On

29. Home
    Women's cooperative in Binga District. Illustrations of basketwork, woodwork and other products. Notes on tonga history and culture.  
    http://www.bingacraft.co.zw/
    
    Extractions: Binga Craft Centre Binga Craft Centre is situated in the hot and dry Zambezi Valley in the northwestern part of Zimbabwe. The centre aims at providing Tonga women with an opportunity to earn a living from their traditional Tonga craftwork. This is also an effort to preserve the Tonga culture. Monica Muleya is busy finishing her Tonga basket , which she will sell to the craft centre. The income she earns is used for paying school fees for her children and buying food and medicine for her family. Contact Details:

30. Kingdom Of Tonga - Culture
    Kava has been part of tongan formal ceremony and social culture for more thantwo thousand years. Friday night Kava clubs can be found all over tonga.  
    http://www.vacations.tvb.gov.to/culture2.htm
    
    Extractions: Kava is often called the "official drink of the Pacific". It is made from the ground roots of a native pepper plant (Pepper Methysticum). Kava has been part of Tongan formal ceremony and social culture for more than two thousand years. Friday night Kava clubs can be found all over Tonga. Visitors are always welcome and the location of the nearest Kava club can be found by asking any taxi driver. Tongan postage stamps can be highly unusual. They can come in very odd shapes. and sizes. Stamps have been issued depicting colorful shells, birds, and fruits, and commemorative events. Where time begins! Tonga is 13 hours ahead of GMT or UTC, and is one hour ahead of New Zealand standard time. Japan is 4 hours ahead of GMT or UTC. The Kingdom of Tonga is the first country in the world to see first each "new" day.

31. PACIFIC ISLAND WEB DIRECTORY: Countries : Tonga : Culture
    PACIFIC ISLAND WEB DIRECTORY Countries tonga culture Top Countries tonga culture Home Add a Resource Modify a Resource  
    http://www.pacificforum.com/links/Countries/Tonga/culture/

32. PACIFIC ISLAND WEB DIRECTORY: Countries : Polynesia : Tonga : Culture
    PACIFIC ISLAND WEB DIRECTORY Countries Polynesia tonga cultureTop Countries Polynesia tonga culture Home Add  
    http://www.pacificforum.com/links/Countries/Polynesia/Tonga/culture/

33. Culture In Tonga
    tonga. tonga culture and History culture. You are here tongaYour search for culture and History - culture returned 0 results.  
    http://www.kasbah.com/vitalstats/culture_and_history/culture/tonga_tonga_1.htm
    
    Extractions: Search Amazon.co.uk Travel Search Country Guides City Guides Resort Guides Argentina Aruba Australia Austria Bahamas Barbados Belgium Belize Bolivia Botswana Brazil British Virgin Islands Cambodia Canada Chile China Colombia Costa Rica Cuba Czech Republic Denmark Ecuador England Estonia Falkland Islands Fiji Finland France Germany Gibraltar Greece Guatemala Holland Hungary Iceland India Indonesia Ireland Israel Italy Jamaica Japan Jordan Lebanon Luxembourg Malaysia Maldives Malta Mexico Mongolia Morocco Nepal New Zealand Nicaragua Norway Pakistan Panama

34. TradeXport - Oceania - Tonga - Culture
    36,736 sites/1,913 categories /63 visitors this month,  
    http://216.54.220.4/Dir/Oceania/Tonga/Culture/Index.cfm

35. Tonga Slide Show
    slidenext, tonga is one of the most traditional South Pacific Islands with a richliving culture, tightly knit village communites and strong family networks.  
    http://www.tonga.islands-travel.com/Travel/culture01.html

36. Tonga Pictures - Culture
    TC01 Ha'amonga Trilithon, tongatapu, tonga, TC-02 Ancient Tomb, tongatapu,tonga, TC-03 Landing Spot of Captain Cook, tongatapu, tonga.  
    http://www.tonga.islands-travel.com/Culture.html

37. Peace Corps | Countries | The Pacific | Tonga | Country & Culture
    culture tongan families are close knit and take care of each other in almost every andbelong to any one of the twenty or so different denominations in tonga.  
    http://www.peacecorps.gov/countries/tonga/culture.cfm
    
    Extractions: The Kingdom of Tonga consists of 171 islands, 36 of which are inhabited, and is spread over 360,000 square kilometers of ocean. The total land area is only 670 square kilometers (about the same size as the city of Dallas, Texas). About 77 percent of the total land area is arable, the highest percentage in the world. These islands are spread over the ocean and extend over 8.5 degrees of latitude (15ƒ S-23.5ƒ S) and through five degrees of longitude (173ƒ W-178ƒ W). Tonga lies three degrees east of the International Dateline and would have been a day behind Fiji and New Zealand, who are just west of the Dateline. However, to include Tonga in the same time zone as her neighbors, the International Dateline is bent just east of Tonga. For this reason, Tonga is the first country in the world to welcome each new day. Tonga's climate can be described as mild to warm, humid and moderately wet. Throughout the year there is no real difference in temperature but there is a distinct wet and dry season. The hot wet season is from December to May with temperatures ranging from 77 to 81 degrees Fahrenheit. These are the wettest months, particularly January, February and March. This is also the cyclone season. The months of May to November are the cool dry season. The average temperature ranges from 71 to 75 degrees Fahrenheit. Tonga is a constitutional monarchy ruled by His Majesty King Taufa'”hau Tupou IV. Since the adoption of the Constitution in 1875, Tonga became a Kingdom under a monarch whose heirs are entitled to perpetual succession to the Throne. The Government is divided into three branches: Executive, which is headed by His Majesty's Privy Council and Cabinet; Legislative Assembly (Parliament); and, Judiciary.

38. Peace Corps | Countries | The Pacific | Tonga | Related Resources
    tonga's high school. tupouhs.fwc.edu.to World Fact Book offers informationon tonga's culture, climate, and government. www.cia.gov  
    http://www.peacecorps.gov/countries/tonga/resources.cfm
    
    Extractions: Please note: Peace Corps does not offer books for sale or loan. Your library or a book-locating service may be able to assist you with harder-to-find editions and articles. The opinions expressed in these books, articles and Web sites are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Peace Corps or the government of the United States.

39. 1Up Travel > History And Culture Of Tonga.
    On June 4, 1970, tonga became completely independent of the United Kingdom.culture tonga has a unique cultural experience. Feasting  
    http://www.1uptravel.com/international/oceaniapacific/tonga/history-culture.html
    
    Extractions: Flags Maps Sightseeing Travel Warnings ... National Parks More Categories Introduction Topography Local Life Local Cuisine Local Holidays Festivals-Events Embassies Administration News Stand Worth a See !! Sight Seeing Maps Flags Shopping Eating Out Recreation Travel Essentials Country Facts Geography People Government Economy Communications Transportation Military Search 1Up Travel The Tongan Islands were probably settled from Fiji about 3,500 years ago. Tonga developed as a highly stratified society with social classes and paramount chiefs. Warfare was common as chiefs competed to expand their respective domains. In 1616 Dutch explorers became the first Europeans to visit Tonga. They were followed by the British explorer. On June 4, 1970, Tonga became completely independent of the United Kingdom.

40. 1Up Travel > Tonga > Travel & Tourism | Tourist Guide To Tonga
    Topography of tonga Read more about the geography and topography of tonga. Historyof tonga - Presents a detailed historical background and culture of tonga.  
    http://www.1uptravel.com/international/oceaniapacific/tonga/
    
    Extractions: Flags Maps Sightseeing Travel Warnings ... National Parks More Categories Introduction Topography Local Life Local Cuisine Local Holidays Festivals-Events Embassies Administration News Stand Worth a See !! Sight Seeing Maps Flags Shopping Eating Out Recreation Travel Essentials Country Facts Geography People Government Economy Communications Transportation Military Search 1Up Travel

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