41. Home His primary area of expertise is with indigenous peoples of tropical forest indigenousgroups of central america and he has published widely on http://www.yale.edu/tri/training.html

TRI Home Main Top Mission Events Lecture/Film Series Upcoming events What we do.... TRI Fellowship grant programs for student research in the tropics Lecture Series Guest Speakers Student advising and training workshops ... Applied Research Partnership Program Tropical Studies Faculty and Faculty Research Areas Yale partners and Organizations of related interest Yale Student Interest Groups (SIGs) Publications TRI Bulletin TRI working Papers Other TRI articles and authors Who we are.... Staff, Board, Student representatives Links Yale Home Yale Parntersunder Tropical Studies section Contact us General comment Web designs Site Map Yale FES Home 210 Prospect Street New Haven, CT 06511

42. Roundtable On Intellectual Property And Indigenous Peoples expectation of immediate benefits for indigenous peoples until such of the UnitedStates of america, which is of whether or not the central american countries http://www.wipo.org/eng/meetings/1998/indip/rt98_4b.htm

WIPO WIPO/INDIP/RT/98/4B ORIGINAL: Spanish DATE: July 6, 1998 WORLD INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY ORGANIZATION GENEVA ROUNDTABLE ON INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY AND INDIGENOUS PEOPLES Geneva, July 23 and 24, 1998 INITIATIVES FOR THE PROTECTION OF HOLDERS OF TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE, INDIGENOUS PEOPLES AND LOCAL COMMUNITIES INITIATIVES FOR THE PROTECTION OF THE RIGHTS OF HOLDERS OF TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE, INDIGENOUS PEOPLES AND LOCAL COMMUNITIES Brief Analysis of the Situation in Central America Intellectual Property Legislation in Panama Since the establishment of what we now know as the "intellectual property system" just over a century ago, indigenous knowledge, which is rich in medicine, art, crafts, music, literature, etc. has been steadily marginalized, simply because it has to do with the collective rights of a people and because it does not have a known author or creator. This legal vacuum could be looked upon as the continuation of an unending genocide inflicted on indigenous peoples from time immemorial. One might think that our culture had been intended solely to give mankind its folklore image, to the extent of being catalogued as the heritage of that same mankind, with no recognition of its true origin. We are living through a period of wholesale plundering or pirating of indigenous knowledge and products without any related benefits for our peoples. For instance, until quite recently the involvement of indigenous botanists and medicine men was considered retrograde in medicine, while today many of medicine's transnational pharmaceutical companies are investing large or smaller amounts of money to gain control of traditional indigenous medicine, and even registering sacred plants as if they have been developed in a laboratory. At the same time indigenous designs are gradually gaining a foothold in fashion and on the runways, but with alien labels or marks that have nothing to do with our peoples.

43. Latin American History Sources indigenous peoples. Abya Yala Net Resources on the indigenous peoples of Mexico,central and South america, a project of the South and Meso american http://www.lib.washington.edu/subject/History/tm/latin.html

Latin American History General Latin America Studies Sites Regional Sites Indigenous Peoples General Latin America Studies Sites Latin American Studies List of links dealing with all aspects and nations of Latin America maintained by the University of Texas Latin American Network Information Center. Includes a section on history Internet Resources for Latin America "The links in this guide will provide access to a many information resources for Latin American studies. I've included what I consider some of the best places to find unique and useful information, however, these sites are only starting points." Regional Sites Argentina Argentine Presidential Messages igital images of presidential messages from the 19th through 20th century. Brazil Brazilian Government Document Digitization Project Center for Research Libraries project to "digitize executive branch serial documents issued by Brazil's national government during the period between 1821 and 1993, and by its provincial governments from the earliest available for each province to the end of the Empire to 1889." Chile Chile and the United States Part of the National Security Archive Electronic Briefing Book series at George Washington University. Provides a brief narrative and declassified documents dealing with the military coup of 1973.

44. AGPix.com peoples (Asia); indigenous/native peoples (central america); indigenous/nativepeoples (North america); indigenous/native http://www.agpix.com/photographer/stock/A0228070_subject.html

Patricio Robles Gil About No Images Stocklist Latest Coverage Complete Stocklist Specialties Geographic General Subjects General Subject Coverage Patricio Robles Gil is a participant in AGPix's Blue Book. Below is the General Subject stocklist from the book. Blue Book General Subject Stocklist aborigines abstracts adolescents adventure travel aerial views agriculture animals (farm) animals (game) anthropology aquariums archaeology (Central American) archaeology (North American) backpacking beaches biosphere reserves (UNESCO) birds birdwatching botanic gardens, arboretums bridges bullfights cacti camping canyons cattle cave art cemeteries children churches (exteriors) cities clear-cutting clouds coasts, coastal areas conservation crops deserts dunes (desert) ecology ecotourism endangered (animals) endangered (habitats, environments) endangered (peoples, cultures) endangered (plants) environment erosion ethnically mixed groups ethnic groups factories farmers' markets fences fishing, fishermen (commercial) fishing, fishermen (sport (freshwater)) fishing, fishermen (sport (saltwater)) fishing, fishermen (traditional/subsistence)

45. Latin American Resources And Links indigenous peoples and Democracy in Latin america St. Martin's, 1994. GeneralLatin americaLinks. CIA World Factbook. central americaLibrary Resources. http://www.virginia.edu/iso/ic/library/Country/links/latam.html

Latin American Resources and Links Latin America can be divided into two regions: Central America and South America (for a list of which Latin American countries are in which region, click here ). Use the following links to take you to both the Library's resources on these regions and to links to web sites that deal with Latin American culture: General Latin AmericaLibrary Resources and Links Central AmericaLibrary Resources and Links South AmericaLibrary Resources and Links General Latin AmericaLibrary Resources The following is just a representative sampling of the International Center Library's materials on Latin America. If you have any questions about our other resources, please email the Library The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Latin America Cambridge UP, 1992 Adventure Travel in Latin America by Scott Graham Wilderness Press, 1990 Americas: the changing face of Latin America and the Caribbean by Peter Winn Pantheon Books, 1992 The Traveler's Guide to Latin American Customs and Manners by Elizabeth Devine and Nancy L. Braganti

46. Ecuador And Oil Ecuador is Latin america's sixth biggest oil producer and peasants and workers andwhere indigenous peoples' organization CONAIE played a central role. http://www.maanystavat.fi/oileng/ecuador.htm

47. Voice Of Indigenous Peoples - A Book Review By Scott London An indigenous Worldview. The book also includes four brief reports on the strugglesof indigenous peoples in 1) central and South america, 2) North http://www.scottlondon.com/reviews/ewen.html

VOICE OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES Native People Address the United Nations Edited by Alexander Ewen Clear Light Publishers, 1994, 176 pages In their own way, each of the book's sections shed light on the global nature of the plight facing indigenous people: the disappearance of diversity and traditional ways of life, ecological degradation, repression of native rights movements, and the loss of vital knowledge about how to live in harmony with the environment. The statements made by the nineteen indigenous representatives describe these issues with examples drawn from their own cultures. Anderson Muutang Urud of the Kelabit tribe of Sarawak, Malaysia, points out that his people have lost their native forest lands to logging companies. "Our lives are threatened by company goons," he says. "Our women are being raped by loggers who invade our villages. While the companies get rich from our forests, we are condemned to live in poverty and eventual genocide." Davi Yanomami of the Yanomami tribe of the Amazon Valley describes the invasion of garimpeiros (gold miners) who not only ravage their lands but exploit his people and spread disease. Thomas Banyacya, a Native American Hopi elder, talks about the costs to his people of the Navajo-Hopi Land Settlement Act of 1974 which mandated the removal of Navajos and Hopis from their native lands, ostensibly to resolve conflicting claims to land between the two groups, but largely as a result of pressure by mining and energy industries.

48. Purchase College - Library - Anthropology site provides links to scholarly information about the indigenous peoples of Africa,Asia, the Middle East, central and South america, Europe and the http://www.purchase.edu/library/electronicresources/subjectresources/anthropolog

Library Hours and Services Online ... Instruction Library: Electronic Resources: Subject Websites: Anthropology Other Catalogs Databases A-Z ... Websites Subject Websites for Anthropology General Resources Cultural Anthropology Area Studies Physical Anthropology ... Archaeology General Resources American Anthropological Association The official website of the American Anthropological Association. Anthropology Biography Web This site offers brief descriptions of anthropologists and other scientists that have directly influenced the discipline of anthropology. Anthropology Tutorials This site serves as a directory to online tutorials for students of both physical/biological and social/cultural anthropology. Cultural Anthropology Applying Anthropology This website complements the text, Cultural Anthropology: An Applied Perspective, Fourth Edition . It offers useful information on careers, graduate school programs in applied anthropology and internships. It also provides examples of applied anthropologists working in the field. Ethnographic Studies Internet Resources A list of resources on anthropology, ethnomusicology, folklore, and folklife. Produced by the

49. Chapter IIf the III, the IIDH and the central american Parliament Regional Meeting of Consultationfor South america. Declaration on the Rights of indigenous peoples, to be http://www.cidh.oas.org/Indigenas/chap.2f.htm

CHAPTER II PREPARATORY DOCUMENTS FOR THE DRAFT AMERICAN DECLARATION OF THE INDIGENOUS PEOPLES DOCUMENT 7. IACHR PRESENTATION TO THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF ITS DRAFT AMERICAN DECLARATION OF THE RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES AND BACKGROUND DOCUMENTS (MARCH 1997) PREPARATION OF A JURIDICAL INSTRUMENT ON INDIGENOUS RIGHTS SECOND ROUND OF CONSULTATIONS At its 95th Regular Session, the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights approved the proposed American Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, pursuant to a recommendation of the General Assembly to that end (AG/RES. 1022 (XIX-0/89) This proposal includes suggestions and comments from the governments, indigenous and intergovernmental organizations, experts, and special meetings of consultation that were held between October of 1995 and February of 1997, based on a draft consultation approved by the IACHR at its 90th Regular Session. It takes also in account the work being done by the United Nations (AG/RES. 1404 (XXVI-O/96). As specified in Recommendation 8 of Chapter VII in this Annual Report, this proposal is being submitted to the General Assembly and to its

50. Preface by the conflicts in central america,” which, based technical personnel at the GeneralSecretariat, the The indigenous peoples are facing difficult situations http://www.cidh.oas.org/Indigenas/Preface.htm

PREFACE Concern for the human rights of indigenous peoples and their members has been a constant feature in the work of the Commission, as shown by the documents included in this compilation. Soon after it began its activities, in 1972, the Commission declared that it was “a sacred obligation of the states to protect the indigenous peoples of their territories.” That concern gained wide visibility as of several cases in the 1980s, in particular the decision, in 1985, that led the Commission to ask the Government of Brazil to adopt a series of measures on behalf of the Yanomami people, including the demarcation of their lands. As of 1989, when the Commission began the process of preparing an American declaration on the rights of indigenous peopleswhich entailed extensive consultations and meetings throughout the hemispherethere has been increased interest on the part of the indigenous peoples to use the mechanisms of the inter-American human rights system to pursue claims and defend their rights. The growing number of petitions received in this vein reflect this trend. The States have also expressed greater interest in and sensitivity towards those issues, evidenced in several friendly settlement agreements entered into and now being negotiated.

51. Latin the stereotypes of the indigenous peoples, and the jobs, political power, and generalsurvival. in Spain, Europe, South america, central america, Mexico, Cuba http://www.geocities.com/Latingroup248/overview.html

Overview There are many terms used to define us, for example, Spanish People, Our difference has set us apart as a people, and unfortunately, the appreciation for Latin culture is lacking outside our groups. There have been many unfair judgments and stereotypes that people have labeled us with. Some common prejudiced views are portraits of a lazy, backward, violent, primitive, poor and uneducated people. Because many aspects of our culture differed greatly from that of the Americans, we were seen as a deviation from the norm. Americans believed that Latinos were subordinate or inferior, and that gave them the incentive to literally walk all over our land, our culture, our freedom, and us. Because we are a mixture of ethnicities, the stereotypes of the Indigenous peoples , and the Africans were combined. We were seen as a threat to the survival of the white race, and at any opportunity we were constantly put in our place as the inferior natives. The prejudice reflected in our opportunities for economic support, jobs, political power, and general survival. We were constantly afraid of the settlers because their population could literally crush ours and in addition, attacks by white supremacist groups kept us from rising as a people. Our history incorporates events in Spain , Europe, South America, Central America, Mexico, Cuba, Puerto Rico Incas . The Aztecs, who were believed to originate in a legendary place called Atzlan, were located in central Mexico and northern Central America. Tenochititlan (present day Mexico City) was home to Emperor Montezuma II. In 1521, Hernando Cortez seized the empire and it collapsed into the hands of the Spaniards. From there Cortez sent expeditions further into the Americas to conquer land. Among these conquerors was Francisco Pizarro. In 1532 he began his quest to conquer the

52. Language Centre - Courses - Index Indian Rights Center (SAIIC) in collaboration with NativeWeb, presenting informationon indigenous peoples in Mexico, central, and South america. http://www.lang.ox.ac.uk/indigenous.html

Oxford University Language Centre 12 Woodstock Road Oxford Tel: (01865 2) 83360 Fax: (01865 2) 83366 e-mail: admin@lang.ox.ac.uk You are in: Back to Individual Langs Back To Homepage Weblinks for the Languages of Indigenous People General North America, Central America and South America Australia, New Zealand and the Pacific Europe General links to materials useful for the learning, teaching and study of indigenous languages Alphabet Street . Transliterations and special characters. The Conservation of Endangered Languages . Information about a seminar at The Centre for Theories of Language and Learning , Bristol University. The Creolist Archives Homepage Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics: Online Index Endangered- Languages-L Forum Email list and associated web pages which aim 'to provide a world-wide communications vehicle and a central electronic archive for anyone working on, or interested in, the study and documentation of endangered languages'. Ethnologue . A catalogue of more than 6700 languages. From the Summer Institute of Linguistics. The Foundation for Endangered Languages Handout on Endangered Languages . An excellent introduction compiled by Randy J. LaPolla.

53. Latin America the US and internationally, and to support indigenous peoples' organizing analysisof current events in North america, Mexico, central america, and South http://www.worldrevolution.org/RegionResources.asp?RegionName=Latin America & Ca

54. INECE Newsletter 7 - Regional News information on activities in central america, visit http Cooperation of North america(CEC) recommended on allegations by indigenous peoples and communities of http://www.inece.org/newsletter/regional_americas.html

Front Page INECE News International News Regional Network News ... Recent Publications REGIONAL NEWS: AMERICAS Central American Attorneys General Support Prosecutors Network The attorneys general from the seven Central American countries signed an agreement that they would strengthen their cooperation on environmental cases by supporting the Network of Environmental Prosecutors, and would support regional crime prevention in other areas such as drug trafficking and organized crime through cooperative efforts between the Public Ministries. The agreement was unveiled at a conference, Environmental Justice in the Framework of the Penal Prosecutorial System in Central American, hosted by the Network of Environmental Prosecutors and held in Tegucigalpa, Honduras from November 14-15, 2002. For a copy of the event program, along with other information on activities in Central America, visit

55. Latin America Security Bibliography: Indigenous Groups indigenous groups Regional Defiant Again indigenous peoples and Latin americanSecurity. By Regional, North america, central america, Caribbean, South http://www.us.net/cip/bibliogr/indigeno.htm

Security in Latin America: Indigenous groups Air forces Civil-military relations Collective security Counternarcotics ... General information Indigenous groups: Regional "Defiant Again: Indigenous Peoples and Latin American Security." By Donna Lee Van Cott. From McNair Papers, Institute for National Strategic Studies. 10/01/1996. Regional North America Central America Caribbean ... Venezuela

56. OneWorld.net - rights organisation in support of indigenous peoples. building of indigenous grassrootsorganisations and sustainable development primarily in central america. http://www.oneworld.net/partners/country/country_962_46.shtml

OneWorld.net OneWorld Africa OneWorld Austria OneWorld Canada OneWorld Finland OneWorld Italy OneWorld Latin America OneWorld Netherlands OneWorld South Asia OneWorld Spain OneWorld SouthEast Europe OneWorld US AIDSChannel CanalSIDA Digital Opportunity Kids Channel LearningChannel 04 April 2003 Search for in OneWorld sites OneWorld partners CURRENT IN DEPTH PARTNERS GET INVOLVED ... Partners Partner Directory Advanced Search Search Set up a Dgroup About Partnership Overview Benefits Frequently Asked Questions Testimonials Join Us Apply now! What's new? About OneWorld OneWorld Partner Directory OneWorld brings together more than 1,500 organizations from across the globe — to promote sustainable development, social justice and human rights. Browse by organisation name: A B C D ... Z Quick search our partnership directory: Area of work Development Agriculture Aid Capacity building Children Cities Education Emergency relief Energy Fisheries Food Intermediate technology International cooperation Labour Land Migration Population Poverty Refugees Social exclusion Tourism Transport Volunteering Water/sanitation Youth Economy Business Consumption Corporations Credit and investment Debt Finance Microcredit Trade Environment Animals Atmosphere Biodiversity Climate change Conservation Environmental activism Forests Genetics Nuclear Issues Oceans Pollution Renewable energy Rivers Soils Health AIDS Disease Infant mortality Malaria Narcotics Nutrition/malnutrition Human rights Civil rights Disability

57. OneWorld.net - Menchú as the International Day of the World's indigenous peoples passed largely Morethan 7.5 million children and adolescents in central america are missing http://www.oneworld.net/themes/country/country_962_106.shtml

OneWorld.net OneWorld Africa OneWorld Austria OneWorld Canada OneWorld Finland OneWorld Italy OneWorld Latin America OneWorld Netherlands OneWorld South Asia OneWorld Spain OneWorld SouthEast Europe OneWorld US AIDSChannel CanalSIDA Digital Opportunity Kids Channel LearningChannel 04 April 2003 Search for in OneWorld sites OneWorld partners CURRENT IN DEPTH PARTNERS GET INVOLVED ... In Depth Topics Development Economy Environment Health ... War and peace Topic guides Capacity building Regions Africa Asia and the Pacific Europe Latin America and the Caribbean ... North America Country guides Bolivia Colombia Mexico Rwanda Search tools Advanced search What's new? About OneWorld The OneWorld network has over two million indexed documents and partner pages in its archives. The In-Depth section is your gateway to this extensive resource. You can browse and filter through the Full Coverage menu. The Advanced Search is your other option to find exactly what you're looking for. Full Coverage: United Nations War Threatens Iraq's Food Production In a few weeks Iraqi farmers should start planting the vegetables and grains needed as dietary supplements to the food baskets supplied under the "Oil for Food" program. If conflict disrupts harvests, the need for food and other aid will multiply, warns the UN Food and Agriculture Agency. Read more From: Environment News Service (ENS) Related topics/regions: [Iraq] [United Nations] [Food] [Agriculture] ... [Development] Country Guide: Rwanda Exile Images Introduction With seven million inhabitants occupying an area of just 26,338 square kilometers, Rwanda is the most densely populated country in Africa. This tiny landlocked country has experienced Africa's worst attempted genocide of the era and is still struggling to recover from the shock.

58. CLAD/BCLAD Test 5 Christian sacrament), and subject peoples were required indigenous traditions in music,however, were seen as receive the most immigrants from central america? http://www.clad.nesinc.com/test_5.htm

CLAD/BCLAD TEST 5: THE CULTURE OF EMPHASIS: LATINO Test 6 ). This test is divided into two parts. Part I covers the origins and characteristics of the culture of emphasis, that is, the commonalities of the culture of emphasis in its home country or countries. Topics include major historical periods and events, values and beliefs, communication systems, demographics, family structure, and the arts. Part II covers the experiences in the United States and California of the people of the culture of emphasis, including topics such as major historical periods and events, demography, migration and immigration, cultural contributions, and intragroup and intergroup relations. There are many Test 5s, each focusing on a different culture. Each Test 5 is based on the knowledge and skill areas below and consists of 50 multiple-choice questions. Following the Test 5 knowledge and skill areas are additional information about the Test 5 for Latino culture and sample items for that test. Test 5 Knowledge and Skill Areas Major historical periods and events.

59. World Summit On Sustainable Development - Johannesburg, September 2002 - Welcome direct participation of indigenous peoples from the South, central and North america,Asia and an email group of 87 indigenous peoples', organizations and http://www.fao.org/wssd/SARD/SARD4_en.htm

Welcome Welcome Development of SARD Multi-Stakeholder Dialogue Preparing Work for WSSD Major Groups SARD in Johannesburg Click here to enter the Major Group Focal Point Electronic Discussion Major Groups and their SARD Focal Points NGOs NGOs engaged with Land and SARD issues in CSD and WSSD have been coordinated through the Sustainable Agriculture and Food Systems (SAFS) NGO Caucus to the CSD since 1993. The SAFS Caucus meets annually at the CSD and has coordinated NGO input into the CSD annual meetings and to the multistakeholder dialogue process since 1995. NGOs participating in the SAFS Caucus include agricultural development and policy NGOs, and other NGOs active in food and agriculture work. Participation in the SAFS Caucus is open to any NGO interested in following the Land and SARD debates. Northern and Southern Co-chairs are elected every two years and a listserve is maintained for information sharing ( safs@yahoogroups.com ). Elected regional focal points serve on a voluntary basis to facilitate participation and information sharing. For further information on the organization and functions of the SAFS Caucus, please click here Contact: SAFS Caucus: safs@yahoogroups.com

60. IPSG Links A directory of links to native information and resources worldwide provided by the indigenous peoples Category Science Social Sciences Cultural Anthropology Ethnography...... Abya Yala Fund for indigenous SelfDevelopment in South Meso america News of indigenousconflicts in Latin america (in Spanish) Siberia and central Asia. http://www.unc.edu/depts/geog/aisg/links.html

Indigenous Peoples Specialty Group Links North America Meso America and Caribbean South America Africa ... Polynesia, Micronesia, and Melanesia Note: The vast majority of the links on this page relate to North American indigenous peoples. This is because until recently the IPSG was the American Indian Specialty Group. You are encouraged to send link suggestions for other areas of the world to the webmaster North America Links collections Journals Research tools Museum resources ... Funding Revelant links collections American Indian Studies Links (CSU Long Beach) Anthropology Resources on the Internet (from Western Connecticut State University) Index of Native American Resources on the Internet Native American Home Pages ... Native Web: Resources for Indigenous Cultures around the World Journals American Indian Culture and Research Journal American Indian Quarterly Native Americas: Akwe:kon's Journal of Indigenous Issues News from Native California ... Tribal College Journal: Journal of American Indian Higher Education Consortium Research Tools Anthronet - Sources and a search engine for anthropological research General Native American Bibliographies (Stanford University) H-Amindian - listserv with abundant summaries of new publications, etc.

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