61. CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Empiricism (Catholic Encyclopedia)Category Society Religion and Spirituality E...... empiricism appears in the history of philosophy in three principal forms(1) Materialism, (2) Sensism, and (3) Positivism. (1) Materialism. http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05407a.htm

Home Encyclopedia Summa Fathers ... E > Empiricism A B C D ... Z Empiricism (Lat. empirismus, the standpoint of a system based on experience). Primarily, and in its psychological application, the term signifies the theory that the phenomena of consciousness are simply the product of sensuous experience, i.e. of sensations variously associated and arranged. It is thus distinguished from Nativism or Innatism. Secondarily, and in its logical (epistemological) usage, it designates the theory that all human knowledge is derived exclusively from experience, the latter term meaning, either explicitly or implicitly, external sense-percepts and internal representations and inferences exclusive of any superorganic (immaterial) intellectual factor. In this connection it is opposed to Intellectualism, Rationalism, Apriorism. The two usages evidently designate but two inseparable aspects of one and the same theory the epistemological being the application of the psychological to the problem of knowledge. Empiricism appears in the history of philosophy in three principal forms: (1) Materialism, (2) Sensism, and (3) Positivism. (1) Materialism Materialism in its crudest shape was taught by the ancient atomists (Democritus, Leucippus

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63. George Reisch's Resume Quarterly Review of Biology, 68, 3, pp. 415416. (1991) Did Kuhn KillLogical empiricism? philosophy of Science, 58, 2, pp. 264-277. http://pages.ripco.net/~reischg/cv.html

George A. Reisch 5246 N. Kenmore Ave., #1N Chicago, IL 60640 reischg@ripco.com Dissertation Publications Courses Taught Professional Experience Date of Birth: December 25, 1962 Education: Ph.D. (1995), Committee on the Conceptual Foundations of Science, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL M.S. Physics (1990), University of Chicago, Chicago, IL B.A. Physics (1984), Bowdoin College, Brunswick, ME Areas of Academic Specialization: Philosophy of Science (Vienna Circle, Unity of Science Movement, Kuhn) Philosophy of History (explanation, narrative) Areas of Academic Competence: History of Physics and Astronomy History of Philosophy General History of Science Dissertation: " Carnap, Neurath, Morris and the Unity of Science: A History of the International Encyclopedia of Unified Science " examines the different conceptions of unified science held by the Encyclopedia's editors. It also analyzes the scientific, philosophical and cultural values that fueled their collaboration. The demise of the Encyclopedia and the larger Unity of Science Movement in the 1940s and 50s are then explained on the basis of contemporary events and philosophical conflicts within the editorial circle. Director: Robert J. Richards. Readers: Daniel Garber, Howard Stein

64. Philosophy Of Science / Lecture Notes / Sept. 24. 1997 / Prof. Norman Swartz empiricism' (or 'British empiricism'), he/she is likely railing against Conceptempiricism. 973 Return/transfer to Home Page of SFU philosophy Department. http://www.sfu.ca/philosophy/swartz/epistemic_modes.htm

Philosophy of Science Lecture Notes September 24, 1997 Professor Norman Swartz Simon Fraser University "P is knowable experientially" = df "It is humanly possible to know P either by direct appeal to experience or by valid inference from propositions one or more of which is known experientially". Comments: "experiential" and " a posteriori " are synonyms. "experiential" does not mean either "experimental" or "empirical". The phrase "valid inference" is not to be taken to mean "deductively valid inference". It is to be understand to mean "deductively or inductively valid inference". Be careful not to read into this definition more than it states. In particular, do not assume that one's knowledge must derive from one's own -hand. The definition (above) is recursive, as is the next. See " Definitions, Dictionaries, and Meanings "P is knowable ratiocinatively" = df "It is humanly possible to know P by appeal to reason (e.g. by an analysis of concepts) or by valid inference from propositions which themselves are known by appeal to reason." Comments: Note that the parenthetical phrase begins "e.g." The meaning would change dramatically if it were instead "i.e."

65. Philosophy 15 of empiricism illustrates how to think about these two incompatible philosophies.Human reality is made up of experiences we can comprehend with the philosophy http://www.planetarybiology.com/science_philosophy/philosop15.htm

Planetary Bio Home Up Philosophy 1 Philosophy 2 ... Philosophy 14 Philosophy 15 Philosophy 16 Philosophy 17 Philosophy 18 Philosophy 19 ... Search this chapter 3.15 The philosophy of science is based on several key principles Science is a philosophy. The basic goal of the scientific philosophy is to find out what is going on. As we saw in the previous sections, science is a purely humanistic enterprise. In other words, science cannot deal with supernatural explanations of existence. Science consults the human powers of observation and reason to reveal how the universe and life work. Without a doubt, the scientific method of inquiry is immensely powerful. Its strength lies in its inviting structure, providing guidance for systematic exploration of nature. The architecture for science is open and somewhat loosely organized around several main themes. Its design is based upon the concepts of curiosity, logical thinking, honesty, creativity, and skepticism. Its open framework supports creative thinking, but is intolerant of error, dishonesty, authority and doctrine. Science developed independently on all the world's continents as the best way to answer questions. It remains the unsurpassed instrument of discovery. The following sections describe some of the fundamentals of scientific thinking.

66. 71C5 Rationalism And Empiricism Department of philosophy Autumn 2002. 71C5 Rationalism and empiricism.This core unit deals with central issues in metaphysics and http://www.stir.ac.uk/departments/arts/philosophy/students_ug/courses/71C5.html

Department of Philosophy Autumn 2002 71C5 Rationalism and Empiricism This core unit deals with central issues in metaphysics and the theory of knowledge through a study of selected major works in the early modern (17th and 18th century) history of philosophy. The chosen texts are Descartes' Meditations on First Philosophy and Locke's Essay concerning Human Understanding . Many of the problems first systematically explored in these works remain at the heart of philosophy, and the solutions to those problems proposed by Descartes and Locke still set the scene for contemporary discussion of them. For this reason the unit provides essential background to advanced work in philosophy. Outcomes * To develop understanding of such central topics as: the certainty and basis of knowledge; the possibility of establishing substantial truths about the world without recourse to observation; the objectivity of both everyday and scientific descriptions of the world; the nature of mind and the self. * To develop the abilities involved in the close study and criticism of historical texts. * By means of this specific programme, the unit further aims to improve critical reading, critical thinking, and oral communication skills through the seminar discussion and essay writing processes. (Refer to Section B of the Student Handbook for more details.)

67. Zeal.com - United States - New - Library - Humanities - Philosophy - History Of A great resource for United States New - Library - Humanities - philosophy- History of philosophy - Western philosophy - Early Modern - empiricism. http://www.zeal.com/category/preview.jhtml?cid=578750

68. Science : Philosophy & Social Aspects Beyond empiricism philosophy of Science in Sociology by Andrew Tudor Paperback June 1982 List price $9.95 Click here to compare prices at dozens of online http://www.allbookstores.com/browse/SCI075000:10

Search By: Keyword Title Author ISBN This Subject Only Art Children's Books Christian Books History ... Science You may browse this category by title or by publication date 3723 titles (showing 181-200) Between Politics and Science : Assuring the Productivity and Integrity of Research by David H. Guston Hardcover - January 2000 List price: $55.00 Between Positivism and Relativism : New Perspectives in Philosophy of Science by C. Wade Savage (Edited by) Hardcover - March 1994 List price: $44.00 Between Positivism and Relativism : New Perspectives in Philosophy of Science by C. Wade Savage (Edited by) Paperback - March 1994 List price: $15.95 by Lynton K. Caldwell Paperback - January 1992 List price: $26.00 by Lynton K. Caldwell Hardcover - July 1990 List price: $54.95 by John L. Casti (Edited by) Hardcover - November 1990 List price: $104.95 Beyond Empiricism : Philosophy of Science in Sociology by Andrew Tudor Paperback - June 1982 List price: $9.95 Beyond Empiricism : Michael Polanyi Reconsidered by Jeffrey Kane Paperback - April 1984 List price: $26.85

69. PHILOSOPHY philosophy. 361/2 A. empiricism. empz@concordia.ca. 2002/2003. MW 10151130.V. Zeman, PR 301, ext.2508. Systematic study of one of the http://artsci-ccwin.concordia.ca/facstaff/y-z/zeman/Courses\Empiricism 361.F02.h

PHILOSOPHY 361/2 A Empiricism empz@concordia.ca MW 10:15-11:30 V. Zeman, PR 301, ext.2508 Systematic study of one of the historic pillars of contemporary philosophy. Excerpts from representative texts of philosophers like Bacon, Hobbes, Locke, Berkeley, and Hume as well as scientists like Galileo and Newton will read and analyzed. You can expect to get a good basic knowledge of this philosophical movement, to understand its place within the cultural and political development of Europe from the 16th to the 18th century, as well as to familiarize yourself more in depth with the problem area from which you choose topic for your final paper Required texts Jones, W.T., R.T.Fogelin History of Western Philosophy. Vol.2: Hobbes to Hume. nd Kolak, D. (ed.) The Philosophy Source CD-ROM. Wadsworth, 2000. ISBN 0-534-54333- Recommended reading (on reserve): according to the list of seminars, to be distributed in the class Background reading: Graybosch, A. et al The Philosophy Student Writer’s Manual. Toronto: Prentice-Hall, 1998.

70. Empiricism involves a debate between rationalism and empiricism, or the question of whetherknowledge can be acquired a priori or a posteriori. What is philosophy? http://atheism.about.com/library/glossary/general/bldef_empiricism.htm

zfp=-1 About Agnosticism/Atheism Search in this topic on About on the Web in Products Web Hosting Agnosticism/Atheism with Austin Cline Your Guide to one of hundreds of sites Home Articles Forums ... Help zmhp('style="color:#fff"') Subjects ESSENTIALS Skepticism, Philosophy, Logic, Fallacies Church / State Separation Evolution vs. Creationism ... All articles on this topic Stay up-to-date! Subscribe to our newsletter. Advertising Free Credit Report Free Psychics Advertisement Empiricism Back to Last Page Glossary Index Related Terms analytic truth logic deductive argument inductive argument Definition: This is a philosophical position which maintains that our knowledge and concepts are wholly based upon our personal experiences. More specifically, empiricism is an epistemological theory which argues that that all knowledge must be acquired a posteriori and that nothing can be known a priori Another way of putting it is that empiricism denies the existence of purely intellectual knowledge and argues that only sense-knowledge can exist. Most atheists incorporate empiricism in some form in their outlook on reality.

71. Ask Jeeves: Search Results For "Positivism Logical Empiricism" com/articles/07583.html 5. logical positivism logical positivism, also known as logicalor scientific empiricism, modern school of philosophy that attempted to http://webster.directhit.com/webster/search.aspx?qry=Positivism Logical Empirici

72. History Of Western Philosophy Summary Outline, Age Of Enlightenment made idealism a powerful school in AngloAmerican thought by combining it with theskepticism and empiricism that had become influential in British philosophy. http://home.earthlink.net/~pdistan/howp_7.html

Previous Home TOC Next Age of Enlightenment—the 18th Century The ‘Age of Enlightenment’ is a term used to describe the trends in thought and letters in Europe and the American colonies during the 18 th century, prior to the French Revolution of 1789-1799. The phrase was frequently employed by writers of the period itself, convinced that they were emerging from centuries of darkness and ignorance into a new age enlightened by reason, science, and a respect for humanity. The precursors of the Enlightenment can be traced to the 17 th century philosophers and earlier. Equally important, though, were the self-confidence engendered by new discoveries in science and the spirit of cultural relativism encouraged by the exploration of the non-European world. Of the basic assumptions and beliefs common to philosophers and intellectuals of this period, perhaps the most important was an abiding faith in the power of human reason. People came to assume that through a judicious use of reason, an unending progress would be possible—progress in knowledge, in technical achievement, and even in moral values. Although they saw the church—especially the Roman Catholic church—as the principal force that had enslaved the human mind in the past, most Enlightenment thinkers did not renounce religion altogether.

73. David Hume Critical analysis of the life, influence and philosophy of David Hume.Category Society philosophy Philosophers Hume, David...... true metaphysics, which will replace the old incoherent metaphysics with the carefulaccurate description that is the proper goal of philosophy. empiricism. http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/hume/

version history HOW TO CITE THIS ENTRY Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy A B C D ... Z content revised FEB David Hume Generally regarded as the most important philosopher ever to write in English, David Hume (1711-1776) the last of the great triumvirate of "British empiricists" was also noted as an historian and essayist. A master stylist in any genre, Hume's major philosophical works A Treatise of Human Nature (1739-1740), the Enquiries concerning Human Understanding (1748) and concerning the Principles of Morals (1751), as well as the posthumously published Dialogues concerning Natural Religion (1779) remain widely and deeply influential, despite their being denounced by many of his contemporaries as works of scepticism and atheism. While Hume's influence is evident in the moral philosophy and economic writings of his close friend Adam Smith, he also awakened Immanuel Kant from his "dogmatic slumbers" and "caused the scales to fall" from Jeremy Bentham's eyes. Charles Darwin counted Hume as a central influence, as did "Darwin's bulldog," Thomas Henry Huxley. The diverse directions in which these writers took what they gleaned from reading Hume reflect not only the richness of their sources but also the wide range of Hume's empiricism. Comtemporary philosophers recognize Hume as one of the most thoroughgoing exponents of philosophical naturalism. Life and Works The Treatise and the ... Politics, Criticism, History, and Religion

74. HallLanguages.com :: Empiricism And The Philosophy Of Mind You are here Languages Semantics empiricism and the philosophy of Mind.Search (books). Related Items empiricism and the philosophy of Mind. http://halllanguages.com/index.php/Mode/product/AsinSearch/0674251555/name/Empir

HallLanguages.com the most comprehensive Languages portal. Find Languages databases from our Languages metasearch Browse our Languages directory about the topic you want Read Reviews, Compare and Buy the item you want from the most trusted shop in the world Languages Semantics Empiricism and the Philosophy of Mind Search Apparel Baby Books Computers DVD Electronics Magazines Music Music - Classical Outdoor Living Softwares Video Video Games Empiricism and the Philosophy of Mind 60% Recommended by our customers. Catalog: Book Manufacturer: Harvard Univ Pr Authors: Wilfrid Sellars, Richard Rorty, Robert Brandom Release Date: May, 1997 Availability: Usually ships within 24 hours List Price: Our Price: Used Price: ThirdPartyNewPrice Price: More Details from Amazon.com Amazon international Product Reviews: Brilliant and rewarding Cave! deep, difficult, essential "Empiricism and the Philosophy of Mind" is an essential epistemological text of the twentieth century. It is difficult: each sentence is difficult. Sellars is said to have shown the existence of a private language by writing in one. The guide by Brandom does not much clarify and simplify the argument of Sellars for two reasons. It is impossible to do this. And Brandom wants to and does contribute significantly to Sellars scholarship. Sellars writes for the professional philosopher. If you plan to be such, or if you want to encounter philosophy at its most profound, you should study the book. HallLanguages.com

75. Trinity College Dublin Philosophy: Dr Paul O'Grady April 2000. Carnap and Two Dogmas of empiricism , philosophy andPhenomenological Research ,Vol. LIX No. 4, Dec.1999; KarlOtto http://www.tcd.ie/Philosophy/pogrady.html

Click here to return to Staff page. Dr Paul O'Grady Dr Paul O'Grady ( pogrady@tcd.ie ) did his B.A. and M.A. at UCD and received his Ph.D. from Trinity in 1996. He was a lecturer at Oxford 1996-1997 and has been full-time at TCD since 1997. Research Areas: Epistemology Philosophy of Religion Medieval Philosophy Publications include: Relativism , Chesham: Acumen, 2002 "Aquinas, Analytical Philosophy and Philosophical Theology" in The Theology of Thomas Aquinas , Notre Dame: Notre Dame U.P., (forthcoming). "George Berkeley" in Dictionary of Irish Biography , Cambridge: C.U.P., (forthcoming). "How Far Can You Go?: Reply to Gregory", Philosophy and Phenomenological Research , (forthcoming). "Anti-Foundationalism and Radical Orthodoxy", New Blackfriars , Vol.81 no.950, April 2000. "Carnap and Two Dogmas of Empiricism", Philosophy and Phenomenological Research ,Vol. LIX No. 4, Dec.1999 "Karl-Otto Apel's Interpretation of Wittgenstein", Freiburger Zeitschrift fur Philosophie und Theologie , Bd 46 Heft 3, Dec 1999 "From Agnosticism to Zen"

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77. Hegel - History Of Philosophy - Modern Sect 2 Ch II time advocated in opposition to the metaphysic of the understanding, and which maybe called a general popular philosophy, a reflecting empiricism, which to a http://www.class.uidaho.edu/mickelsen/texts/Hegel - Hist Phil/Modern sect2 ch II

G. W. F. Hegel: Lectures on the History of Philosophy Table of Contents CHAPTER II TRANSITION PERIOD . They do not, however, find its content in and from thought, but as living substance, as nature and matter. All this is a further working out of reflecting empiricism, and some more details respecting it must still be given.

78. The British Journal For The Philosophy Of Science, Volume 51, Issue 4, December What's Really Wrong with Constructive empiricism? Van Fraassen and the Metaphysicsof Modality. James Ladyman 1. 1 Department of philosophy, University of Bristol http://www3.oup.co.uk/phisci/hdb/Volume_51/Issue_04/510837.sgm.abs.html

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79. Problems Of Empiricism - Cambridge University Press 1. Historical background some observations on the decay of the philosophy of science;2. Classicl empiricism; 3. The structure of science; 4. Two models of http://books.cambridge.org/0521316413.htm

Home Catalogue Related Areas: Philosophy New titles Email For updates on new titles in: Philosophy Problems of Empiricism Philosophical Papers Volume 2 Paul Karl Feyerabend Hardback In stock Reviews ‘The issues here run deep, to the heart of a number of central debates in contemporary philosophy concerning anti-realism, Wittgenstein, rationality and so on for anyone who wants to engage wit those issues - which means not only philosophers of science but anyone at all excited by the current state of philosophy - these exhilerating volumes must be essential reading.’Philosophical Investigations ‘The importance of Feyerabend is that he shows this easy way out cannot be taken for granted. As long as we had at the back of our minds the idea of an independent reality to pull thought in the right direction, Feyerabend’s insistence on the inexhaustible diversity of possible standards seemed merely provocative. But without such a reality the onus of argument has shifted. Little as we may like it, Feyerabend is in the driving seat. He has actually done the historical work to show that sane men with good ideas, both within Western science and without, have hewn all kinds of different intellectual values. After Feyerabend, simply gesturing in the direction of some supposed common intellectual commitment is no longer going to see how we can continue believing in the one true theoretical way.’The Times Literary Supplement Contents 1. Historical background: some observations on the decay of the philosophy of science; 2. Classicl empiricism; 3. The structure of science; 4. Two models of epistemic change: Mill and Hegel; 5. Philosophy of science versus scientific practice: observations on Mach, his followers and his opponents; 6. Mach, Einstein and the Popperians; 7. Wittgenstein’s Philosophical Investigations; 8. Consolations for the specialist; 9. Popper’s Objective Knowledge; 10. The methodology of scientific research programmes; 11. More clothes from the emperor’s bargain basement: a review of Laudan’s Progress and its Problems; Sources; Name index; Subject index.

80. 1994 Lecture Notes: Empiricism One would think that this largely negative result would be a low point for empiricism,but it not to take it so hard, and to go ahead and do philosophy in a http://www-philosophy.ucdavis.edu/phi001/emplec.htm

Previous Lecture Empiricism Characteristic of Descartes's philosophy was the pivotal role played by God, who guarantees the reliability of our faculty of reason and who would be a deceiver if our strong inclination to believe in the existence of external things were wrong. A further role for God (not covered in the Meditations) is in science. High-level scientific principles are said to be based on God's attributes. For example, the claim that in the universe the quantity of motion is conserved is based on the immutability (unchanging character) of God. A problem with this top-down approach to scientific theorizing is that it can run into conflict with experience. In the case of the conservation law, it was soon recognized that it is empirically false. What is conserved is not quantity of motion, but quantity of directed motion. This fact sank Descartes's clever attempt to inject mind into the physical world by having it merely deflect motions in the brain: this would violate the correct conservation law. In contrast to the top-down approach, a bottom-up or inductive approach was championed by English philosophers. The approach consists of three steps:

A  B  C  D  E  F  G  H  I  J  K  L  M  N  O  P  Q  R  S  T  U  V  W  X  Y  Z

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