1. History Of Eritrea History of Eritrea. Eritrea is one of the newest and most promising nationsin Africa and containts remnants of some of its oldest civilizations. http://www.open.org/~tfl/eritrea/history.html

History of Eritrea Eritrea is one of the newest and most promising nations in Africa and containts remnants of some of its oldest civilizations. One of the earliest known references to Eritrea is from Aeschylus (Fragment 67) in which he refers to the "Mare Erythreum" (Red Sea) as "the lake that is the jewel of Ethiopia." Eritrea recently fought and won one of the longest wars in the world. After thirty years of bitter strugle, Eritrea achieve total independence and the right to self-determination. The Eritrean people acheived their goals in 1991 in a stunning defeat of the occupying Ethiopian forces which also helped liberate Ethiopia from the Soviet-backed Dergue (Menguistu Hailemariam) regime. Early History Between 1000 and 400 BC, a semitic group of people known as the Sabeans crossed the Red Sea into the region known as present Eritrea, and intermingled with the Hamitic inhabitants who had migrated from the northern Sudan. The region was then controlled by various foreign invaders such as the Axumite kingdom, the Funji Sultans of Sudan, the Egyptians, the Portugese and the Turks. Each of these foreign occupiers had a distinct impact on the development of present day Eritrea as a nation and in the formation of an Eritrean identity. Colonisation; ITALY

2. Eritrea History of Eritrea. (Redirected from Eritrea/History). Eritrea officially celebrated its independence on May 24, 1993. http://www-sul.stanford.edu/depts/ssrg/africa/eritrea.html

Countries : Eritrea Search: Countries Topics Africa Guide Suggest a Site ... Africa Home See also: Eritrea News Against All Odds. African Languages and Literatures into the 21st Century, Asmara, Eritrea, January 11-17, 2000 AISI Connect Online Database. Information and Communication Infrastructure in Africa - Eritrea Good source for facts about information and telecommunications in Eritrea, internet service providers . http://paradigm.wn.apc.org/africa/countdet.CFM?countriesISO_Code=ER Asmarino In English and Tigrinya. Eritrea history, geography, etc., articles on Eritrea, embassies and visa information, directories of ministries and government bodies, full text of a Feb. 2000 report, " Eritrea, The New Frontier in Northeast Africa " by Glenn M. Gomez, Gary Jones, Aron Kiebreab, Sharon Y. Sharp, Vicky C. Stiles for the University of Phoenix MBA Program, community events (mainly in the U.S.), Radio Asmarino (with audio files), discussion forum, links to related sites, shopping mall (books, music, Tigrinia tutorial on CD). Based in Cerritos, California. [KF] http://asmarino.com/ Awate News on Eritrea, historical profiles, interviews with prominent Eritreans, articles, photos of martyrs of the Eritrean Struggle for independence, announcements. Site administered by Gadi Enterprises, San Jose, CA. http://www.awate.com/

3. FlyingFish - Eritrea, Ethiopia, War & Famine; Haile Selassie, Mengistu & IMF eritrea history Shop online and save on a huge selection of Eritreaian History Books at HistoryBooks.biz. eritrea history. Against All Odds A Chronicle of the Eritrean Revolution With a New Afterword on the Postwar Transiton http://www.flyingfish.org.uk/articles/eritrea/strawbs.htm

FlyingFish HOME Articles Links Contact Why Strawberries And Cream Made Me Cry, or Everything You Wanted To Know About Eritrea But Were Afraid To Ask It was a warm summer's day in 1985. I was facing the prospect of leaving home in order to continue my education at university and, like many others of my age, I was wondering what the big wide world held in store for me. But my immediate concern, reclining at the dining room table, was how full I felt after enjoying a nourishing lunch cooked by my mother. I switched on the TV, to be met, however, by a news report of starving Ethiopians, flies crawling over their eyes and into their mouths. When mother brought me a bowl of succulent strawberries topped with fresh cream, I broke down in tears. On a warm summer's day thirteen years later, a distant memory surfaced while I was reading a newspaper article about how Eritrea (now independent from Ethiopia) was trying to recover from the devastating legacy of years of war, drought and famine. Starvation, strawberries, tears and an infant state's first, uncertain steps on its own - a few pieces from a jigsaw of many thousands. I decided to try to put some of this jigsaw together, to see the wider picture of which these few pieces were a part. The picture turned out to be a case study of how millions of people suffer when trampled by the awesome human and natural forces of political and environmental disaster. Hopefully, it can also be seen as a lesson which warns us of some of the larger pitfalls of political folly and which teaches us to respect the demands of the physical environment while we make our demands upon it.

4. Lonely Planet World Guide | Destination Eritrea | History eritrea history. Along with Djibouti, Somalia, Yemen and Kenya, Eritreahas laid claim to being the site of the fabled 'Land of Punt http://www.lonelyplanet.com/destinations/africa/eritrea/history.htm

home search help worldguide ... Related Weblinks Eritrea History Along with Djibouti, Somalia, Yemen and Kenya, Eritrea has laid claim to being the site of the fabled 'Land of Punt', a rich, commodity-laden Horn of Africa region which the Egyptian Pharaohs were known to rave about in the vicinity of 2900 BC. Also known as the 'Land of the Gods', it was an area that traded heavily in such sought-after items as gold, frankincense and - unfortunately for the local flora, fauna and people - ebony, ivory and slaves. The very first human settlement in what is now Eritrea, however, is thought to have plunked itself in the Barka Valley in 8000 BC. Its residents are believed to have been related to central African pygmies and, after several thousand years of hefty cultural intermingling, had established strong trade relations with neighbouring ethnic groups. The powerful kingdom of Aksum, sited in what is now the north of Ethiopia, began to make its presence felt in the first century AD, relying heavily on the ancient port of Adulis in Eritrea to handle its sea-going goods. Not content with merely being the facilitators of Aksum's foreign trade, the Eritreans marketed their own stuff overseas, including loads of the black volcanic rock obsidian (prized in the making of jewellery) and tortoiseshells fresh from the Red Sea. The unconventional arrival of Christianity in the land, via shipwrecked Christian Syrian merchants, saw it quickly becoming the religion of choice; it subsequently exerted a profound influence on the development of Eritrean culture.

5. Eritrea: History And Culture eritrea history and Culture eritrea history (in Background Note Eritrea).Other Related Information Eritrea Other Related Information History http://library.louisville.edu/government/international/eritrea/erithistory.html

Eritrea: History and Culture Eritrea History (in Background Note: Eritrea) Other Related Information: Eritrea Other Related Information: History Back to International Information Comments to Barbara Whitener, GovPubs Webmaster URL:http://library.louisville.edu/ekstrom/govpubs/international/eritrea/erithistory.html

6. Books On Eritrea History Eritrea. Books on African History. Related Books. History Index AfricaAfrican Art African Travel African Music African Wars Algeria http://www.dropbears.com/b/broughsbooks/history/eritrea.htm

Eritrea Books on African History Related Books History Index Africa African Art African Travel ... Click Here Departments Posters Calendars History Magazines Documentaries Magazines History Magazines Best Sellers Resources Got Spam? Browse Powells History Books Against All Odds: A Chronicle of the Eritrean Revolution With a New Afterword on the Postwar Transiton by Dan Connell (Paperback - June 1997) Bibliography of the Earth Sciences for the Horn of Africa : Ethiopia, Eritrea, Somalia and Djibouti, 1620-1993 by Jon E. Kalb Listed under Earth Sciences Emergent Eritrea : Challenges of Economic Development by Gebre Hiwet Tesfagiorgis (Editor) Eritrea Country Study Guide (World Country Study Guide by USA International Business Publications Eritrea's War by Paul B. Henze, et al (Paperback) by Alemseged Abbay (Paperback - August 2000) by Haggai Erlich (Hardcover - January 1997) Mai Weini, a Highland Village in Eritrea: A Study of the People, Their Livelihood, and Land Tenure During Times of Turbulence by Kjetil Tronvoll (Paperback - February 1999) To Fight and Learn: The Praxis and Promise of Literacy in Eritrea's Independence War by Les Gottesman (Paperback - June 1998) Blood, Land, and Sex: Legal and Political Pluralism in Eritrea

7. Eritrea: History encyclopediaEncyclopedia—eritrea history. Eritrea formed part of theancient Ethiopian kingdom of Aksum until the 7th cent. Thereafter http://www.factmonster.com/ce6/world/A0858026.html

Encyclopedia Eritrea History Eritrea formed part of the ancient Ethiopian kingdom of Aksum until the 7th cent. Thereafter Ethiopian emperors maintained an intermittent presence in the area until the mid-16th cent., when the Ottoman Empire gained control of much of the coastal region. Beginning in the mid-19th cent. Ethiopia struggled against Egypt and Italy for control of Eritrea. In the 1880s, Italy occupied the coastal areas around Aseb and Massawa, and by 1890 had extended its territory enough to proclaim the colony of Eritrea (named after the Roman term for the Red Sea, Mare erythraeum Ethiopia In World War II, Eritrea was captured (1941) by the British. Ethiopia had long demanded control of Eritrea on the ground of ethnic affinity, but Britain occupied Eritrea after the war and, beginning in 1949, administered it as a UN trust territory. In 1950 the United Nations decided that Eritrea was to be made independent as a federated part of Ethiopia, and in late 1952 this decision became effective. In late 1962 the Eritrean assembly voted to end the federal status and to unify Eritrea with Ethiopia. After 1962, Eritreans who opposed union carried on sporadic guerrilla warfare against Ethiopia and the Eritrean Liberation Front (ELF) was founded. In 1972 a rival insurgent group, the Eritrean Popular Liberation Forces (EPLF), was formed and battled the ELF for supremacy. After Emperor Haile Selassie 's overthrow in a military coup in 1974, the two insurgent groups united to fight against the Ethiopian government's forces. Fighting increased and by 1976 the Eritreans had virtually forced the government forces out of the province. However, the Ethiopian government, with massive amounts of aid and troops from the USSR and Cuba, was able to defeat the Eritreans in 1978. After their defeat the insurgents were forced to return to sporadic guerrilla warfare. During the 1980s the rebels continued their attacks on Ethiopian troops and eventually Eritreans controlled most of the countryside.

8. Eritrea: History encyclopediaEncyclopedia—eritrea history. Eritrea formed part of theancient Ethiopian kingdom of Aksum until the 7th cent. Thereafter http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/world/A0858026.html

Celebs, Models ,Movie Stars... Magazines From Around the World! Ladies..Never pay retail again! Facial care packs and Cosmetics at lowest prices ! All Infoplease All Almanacs General Entertainment Sports Biographies Dictionary Encyclopedia Infoplease Home Almanacs Atlas Dictionary ... Fact Monster Kids' reference Info:Daily Fun facts Homework Center Newsletter You've got info! Help Site Map Visit related sites from: Family Education Network Encyclopedia Eritrea History Eritrea formed part of the ancient Ethiopian kingdom of Aksum until the 7th cent. Thereafter Ethiopian emperors maintained an intermittent presence in the area until the mid-16th cent., when the Ottoman Empire gained control of much of the coastal region. Beginning in the mid-19th cent. Ethiopia struggled against Egypt and Italy for control of Eritrea. In the 1880s, Italy occupied the coastal areas around Aseb and Massawa, and by 1890 had extended its territory enough to proclaim the colony of Eritrea (named after the Roman term for the Red Sea, Mare erythraeum Ethiopia In World War II, Eritrea was captured (1941) by the British. Ethiopia had long demanded control of Eritrea on the ground of ethnic affinity, but Britain occupied Eritrea after the war and, beginning in 1949, administered it as a UN trust territory. In 1950 the United Nations decided that Eritrea was to be made independent as a federated part of Ethiopia, and in late 1952 this decision became effective. In late 1962 the Eritrean assembly voted to end the federal status and to unify Eritrea with Ethiopia. After 1962, Eritreans who opposed union carried on sporadic guerrilla warfare against Ethiopia and the Eritrean Liberation Front (ELF) was founded. In 1972 a rival insurgent group, the Eritrean Popular Liberation Forces (EPLF), was formed and battled the ELF for supremacy.

9. Eritrea History Translate this page Eritrea liegt am Horn von Afrika und ist der jüngste Staat, Die Bevölkerungist aus einer Eritrea hat ca. 3,5 Millionen Einwohner.Asmara http://www.asmarino.de/eritrea_history.html

Vermischung hamitischer und semitischer Volksgruppen entstanden. Eritrea hat ca. 3,5 Millionen Einwohner.Asmara ist die Hauptstadt von Eritrea,die Einwohner von Asmara werden Asmarino genannt.Es klingt sehr italienisch und wird deswegen nicht unbedingt mit Eritrea assoziiert. Sie schmecken beide besonders mild. was auch unsere Absicht ist ? Nekedem belu ! Essen Sie mit uns . Wir freuen uns auf Sie ! Asmarino

10. Eritrea History eritrea history. Welcome to the eritrea history and history site. Comingsoon! submit your on eritrea history!! Top eritrea history for Today. http://www.totalsurf.com/pages/Africa/Eritrea/history.shtml

self.moveTo(0,0); self.resizeTo(screen.availWidth,screen.availHeight); Join the Mailing List Sign the Guestbook View the Guestbook Contact Us ... Live Help Eritrea history Welcome to the Eritrea history and history site. Great to find the latest and original Eritrea history. Coming soon! submit your on Eritrea history!! Top Eritrea history for Today Search for Eritrea History For the Webmaster Top 50 Sites Top 100 Sites Webring Searchbox ... Webmaster Tools Resources Travel Fan ICQ Page Fan Clubs Mouse Pads ... Free Phone Card Games Online Games PC Software Xbox Games Board Games Search the Web. Contact Us Add URL Affiliate Programs Entire Index ... Free Clipart

11. Eritrea Vacation Guide: Romantic Eritrea Vacations, Eritrea Safaries page Bookmark this page. eritrea history. Eritrea was awarded to Ethiopiain 1952 as part of a federation. Ethiopia's annexation of http://www.africavacationguide.com/travel/Eritrea_History.html

The sophisticated travelers Eritrea vacation connection. Eritrea Vacation Guide: Romantic Eritrea Vacations TravelWizard.Com Travel And Cruise Consultants: Eritrea Vacations Click here for our Full Service, Custom Luxury Vacation Planner Click here for Full Service, Custom Luxury Cruise Planner Click here if you'd prefer to book you r ... own discount airline tickets, car rental, hotel or vacation packages with our easy to use real time self booking engine. Note! This is the most highly recommended self booking engine on the Internet. Travel Guides Africa Vacations Asia Vacations Australian Vacations Canada Vacations ... Bookmark this page Eritrea: History Eritrea was awarded to Ethiopia in 1952 as part of a federation. Ethiopia's annexation of Eritrea as a province 10 years later sparked a 30-year struggle for independence that ended in 1991 with Eritrean rebels defeating governmental forces; independence was overwhelmingly approved in a 1993 referendum. A border war with Ethiopia that erupted in 1998 remains unresolved. Overview History Culture Geography ... Practical Info Other Places in Africa Algeria Angola Benin ... Click here to save money, time and stress booking your Eritrea vacation.

12. MetaCrawler Results | Search Query = History Of Eritrea Sponsored Search Results About Sponsored Results eritrea history Books Buy thebook Ethiopia and Eritrea at Alexandrasentertainmentcompany, an Amazon http://search.metacrawler.com/texis/search?q=History Of Eritrea

13. History Of Eritrea History of Eritrea. This period in Eritrea's history is highly contentious.Ethiopians claimed Eritrea had been an integral part http://www.nitesoft.com/eccm/history.htm

About Eritrea Brief Info People Languages History ... Constitution History of Eritrea Early history 19th century expansion Italian influence Colonial rule ... 1997 The border conflict Early history Evidence of pre-humans has been discovered in the Buia region of Eritrea. The discovery may be one of the oldest ever found, and is similar to the famous "Lucy" find. Evidence of human presence begins in the 8th millennium B.C., beginning with Pygmoid, Nilotic, Kushitic (the Afar) and Semitic (Tiginya) peoples. In the sixth century B.C., Arabs spread to the coast of present day Eritrea, in search of ivory and slaves for trade with Persia and India. Their language evolved into Ge'ez, related to today's Amhara, still spoken by Chistian priests in Eritrea and Ethiopia. Ancient rock paintings During the 3rd and 4th century AD, Eritrea was part of the kingdom of Axum which spread from Meroe in Sudan right across the Red Sea to Yemen. The capital of Axum was in the highlands of Tigray (now a province in Ethiopia), and the main port was at Adulis which is now called Zula in Eritrea. This Kingdom was based upon trade across the Red Sea and was founded by Semetric people originally from Arabia. Christianity was the predominant faith of Axum introduced through contact with traders throughout the region.

14. African Studies Centre - Constructions Of Diversity In Post- ASC Programme in 1999. Seminar, Constructions of diversity in postcolonialeritrea history, languages and literature. Speaker * Dr http://asc.leidenuniv.nl/events/event564981992.htm

15. History Of Eritrea History of Eritrea. Background Notes Eritrea of State. Britannica.comeritrea history An excellent history from Britannica.com. Use http://history1900s.about.com/library/world/blxeritrea.htm

zfp=-1 About History 20th Century History Search in this topic on About on the Web in Products Web Hosting in partnership with 20th Century History with Jennifer Rosenberg Your Guide to one of hundreds of sites Home Articles Forums ... Help zmhp('style="color:#fff"') This Week's Articles tod('tih'); Today in History Daily Quiz tod('pod'); Picture of the Day Special Subscription Offers Subscribe Now Choose One: Subscribe Customer Service Subjects Major Events Maps People Photographs ... All articles on this topic Stay up-to-date! Subscribe to our newsletter. Advertising Free Credit Report Free Psychics Advertisement History of Eritrea Background Notes: Eritrea Historical information from the United States Department of State. Britannica.com: Eritrea History An excellent history from Britannica.com. Use the outline below the article to navigate through the complete text of this extensive encyclopedia entry. Flags of the World: Eritrea Information, images, and available history of the current and past flags of the country. Geography and Maps of Eritrea A plethora of geographical information and online maps from the About Geography site. Infoplease.com: Eritrea

16. Eritrea: History Click to go to text menu. You are here History, Eritrea. As the siteof the most important ports of the Aksumite empire (flourished http://gbgm-umc.org/country_profiles/country_history.cfm?Id=19

17. History Of Eritrea eritrea history Eritrea officially celebrated its independence on May24, 1993, becoming the world's newest nation. Prior to Italian http://www.worldrover.com/history/eritrea_history.html

Search The Web! Search The Web! Search The Web! Search The Web! Free Travel Cheap Tickets Auction ... Make Money Eritrea HISTORY Eritrea officially celebrated its independence on May 24, 1993, becoming the world's newest nation. Prior to Italian colonization in 1885, what is now Eritrea had been ruled by the various local or international powers that successively dominated the Red Sea region. In 1896, the Italians used Eritrea as a springboard for their disastrous attempt to conquer Ethiopia. Eritrea was placed under British military administration after the Italian surrender in World War II. In 1952, a UN resolution federating Eritrea with Ethiopia went into effect. The resolution ignored Eritrean pleas for independence but guaranteed Eritreans some democratic rights and a measure of autonomy. Almost immediately after the federation went into effect, however, these rights began to be abridged or violated. In 1962, Emperor Haile Sellassie unilaterally dissolved the Eritrean parliament and annexed the country, sparking the Eritrean fight for independence that continued after Haile Sellassie was ousted in a coup in 1974. The new Ethiopian Government, called the Derg, was a Marxist military junta led by strongman Mengistu Haile Miriam. During the 1960s, the Eritrean independence struggle was led by the Eritrean Liberation Front (ELF). In 1970, members of the group had a falling out, and a group broke away from the ELF and formed the Eritrean People's Liberation Front (EPLF). By the late 1970s, the EPLF had become the dominant armed Eritrean group fighting against the Ethiopian Government, and Isaias Afwerki had emerged as its leader. Much of the materiel used to combat Ethiopia was captured from the Ethiopian Army.

18. WorldRover - Culture Of Eritrea New Delhi, and Singapore. Eritrea Culture; eritrea history; Peopleand Stats; Embassy; Guides and Books; Flag Clip Art. You can search http://www.worldrover.com/culture/Eritrea.html

Culture of Eritrea Welcome to WorldRover's listing of country history and culture for Eritrea. Check out the links below to find more information on the people and history of a country. On the right you can also find flag clip art and maps available for free download. Embassy information is also available for a number of countries around the world, however, please confirm all information. We hope to add additional links regarding the culture of Eritrea as they become available. If you have a site or know of a site that should be added, please let us know. Thanks for visiting WorldRover's history, people, and culture site. Eritrea Culture and History Books Commonwealth Secretariat - Includes profiles for member countries as well as links to their official websites. Anthropology: Introduction to a Broad Discipline - Provides a description of the sub-disciplines of biological and social anthropology. Also offers information on medical anthropology. Features articles and links to related resources. Celts of the Gallic Lands - Information about the ancient inhabitants of Gaul aimed at Spanish speakers, but with text in French and English too.

19. History Of Eritrea History. On 1 January 1890, Italy set the boundaries of Eritrea and ruled it asa colony until 1941, when the British defeated the Italians in Africa and took http://www.eriemb.se/history.htm

History On 1 January 1890, Italy set the boundaries of Eritrea and ruled it as a colony until 1941, when the British defeated the Italians in Africa and took over the administration. After the Italian defeat in World War II, Britain administered Eritrea. Following a decision by the United Nations, Eritrea was federated to Ethiopia in 1952, with a certain amount of autonomy. However, during the federation with Ethiopia, Emperor Haile Selassie's government systematically violated the rights granted by the UN. The oppression culminated with the dissolution of the Eritrean parliament and the annexation of Eritrea as Ethiopia's fourteenth province in 1962. In 1961, an armed struggle for independence began. The thirty years of fighting ended in May 1991, when the Eritrean People's Liberation Front (EPLF) liberated Asmara and established the Provisional Government of Eritrea (PGE). In an internationally supervised referendum in April 1993, 99.8 per cent of the Eritreans voted for independence, which was officially declared on 24 May 1993. Government The government includes legislative, executive and judicial branches. The judicial body operates independenly of both the legislative and executive bodies and has a court system extending from the village, district, zonal and national levels.

20. Eritrea: History html. encyclopediaEncyclopedia—eritrea history. Eritrea formed partof the ancient Ethiopian kingdom of Aksum until the 7th cent. http://print.factmonster.com/ce6/world/A0858026.html

document.write('Print Now!'); this page was printed from Factmonster.com www.factmonster.com/ce6/world/A0858026.html Encyclopedia Eritrea History Eritrea formed part of the ancient Ethiopian kingdom of Aksum until the 7th cent. Thereafter Ethiopian emperors maintained an intermittent presence in the area until the mid-16th cent., when the Ottoman Empire gained control of much of the coastal region. Beginning in the mid-19th cent. Ethiopia struggled against Egypt and Italy for control of Eritrea. In the 1880s, Italy occupied the coastal areas around Aseb and Massawa, and by 1890 had extended its territory enough to proclaim the colony of Eritrea (named after the Roman term for the Red Sea, Mare erythraeum Ethiopia In World War II, Eritrea was captured (1941) by the British. Ethiopia had long demanded control of Eritrea on the ground of ethnic affinity, but Britain occupied Eritrea after the war and, beginning in 1949, administered it as a UN trust territory. In 1950 the United Nations decided that Eritrea was to be made independent as a federated part of Ethiopia, and in late 1952 this decision became effective. In late 1962 the Eritrean assembly voted to end the federal status and to unify Eritrea with Ethiopia. After 1962, Eritreans who opposed union carried on sporadic guerrilla warfare against Ethiopia and the Eritrean Liberation Front (ELF) was founded. In 1972 a rival insurgent group, the Eritrean Popular Liberation Forces (EPLF), was formed and battled the ELF for supremacy. After Emperor

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