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         Gabbra Indigenous Peoples Africa:     more detail
  1. Gabra: Camel Nomads of Northern Kenya (African church. 1, Inculturation) by Paul Tablino, 1999

1. African Political Map And Facts
and reproductive success among gabbra pastoralists. Behavioral Ecology and evidence from gabbra pastoralists. Ethology and K. (1995) indigenous peoples, resource management, and
http://members.aol.com/mibulletin/africa.htm
The Motherland
Africa Area: 30,357,362 sq km Population: 721,368,251 There are more than 50 independent countries in Africa and on the islands off its coasts. Together, they make up more than one third of the membership of the United Nations. In 1991 Egyptian Deputy Prime Minister Boutros Boutros-Ghali became the first African and the first Arab to serve as secretary-general of the United Nations. After the conclusion of World War II, the African people gained their independence from European countries that had controlled most of the continent since the 19th century. France and the United Kingdom had the largest colonial empires, though Spain, Portugal, Belgium, Germany, and Italy also had African possessions. By the end of 1990, only South Africa remained under the control of a white minority government; even there, President F.W. de Klerk in 1990 took steps toward clearing away obstacles to negotiations for a new constitution. The African countries have developed political and economic relations with nations throughout the world. Many of the world's essential minerals, including copper, gold, and uranium, are mined in Africa. The continent's extensive river system represents one of the world's major potential sources of hydroelectric power. Long before the colonial period, there were great African kingdoms whose rulers presided over magnificent courts. Their merchants traded in gold, salt, and other goods with faraway countries, often traveling vast distances over caravan routes across the plains and deserts. The art, language, and, especially, the music of the Western world have been affected by African culture. Jazz has its root in Central and West African rhythms.

2. Stockholms Universitetsbibliotek
demand two essays on indigenous peoples and tourism in Sweden Owusu, Heike Symbols of africa / Heike Owusu. New York Sterling, Origs titel I gabbra del Kenya.
http://www.sub.su.se/nyfrv/Okt2001/sub/index013.htm
Stockholms universitetsbibliotek
Nyförvärv 011001 - 011031
M. ETNOGRAFI, SOCIALANTROPOLOGI OCH ETNOLOGI
Etnografi, socialantropologi och etnologi
Anthropology
ISBN 0-415-22905-7
ISBN 0-415-22906-5 (pbk.)
H PLAN 5 Ob The body, culture and society : an introduction / Philip Hancock ... - Buckingham : Open University Press, 2000. - x, 146 s.
S. 123-136: References
ISBN 0-335-20414-7
ISBN 0-335-20413-9 (pbk.)
H PLAN 5 M Culture and global change / [edited by] Tracey Skelton and Tim Allen. - London : Routledge, 1999. - xiii, 322 s. : ill.
ISBN 0-415-13916-3 (inb.)
ISBN 0-415-13917-1 (hft.)
H PLAN 5 Oa Repr., 2000 Eriksen, Thomas Hylland ISBN 82-00-12841-5 H PLAN 5 M Hansen, Klaus P. I publ. tidigare utg:s ISBN 3-8252-1846-5 H PLAN 5 M Managing ethnicity : perspectives from folklore studies, history and anthropology / Regina Bendix, Herman Roodenburg, editors. - Amsterdam : Spinhuis, 2000. - 205 s. "This book is the product of the 6th Congress of the Société Intern. d'Ethnologie et de Folklore (SIEF), which was held in Amsterdam, 20-25 April 1998" ISBN 90-5589-183-5 H PLAN 5 M Mascia-Lees, Frances E.

3. D. Formenti's Links: AFRICA-KENYA
selfreliance through sustainable economic development, indigenous Food Plants ProfilesKenyan populations, peoples of Kenya, People of gabbra, Borana, El molo.
http://www.unipv.it/webbio/dfafrica.htm
D. Formenti's links: AFRICA-KENYA Dip.Biologia Animale , Pavia, IT other dba links africa kenya kenya_hum.rights ... kenya/turkana_news- Last updated: 19-Feb-03( 1145 days since 1-1-2000 and 415 days since euro is in our pockets) by
Daniele Formenti Dip.Biologia Animale Univ.Pavia
As internet too evolves, some links can be no more available ... Many recent links still out of order are in New links page
OTHER DBA LINKS Top (ics) World development links Biological links Anthropological links Primatological links ... ETDP page
AFRICA Top (ics) UNU Internet Resources on Africa links *** African Studies Links U.Penn. *** An A-Z of African Studies on the Internet *** African Related Resources U.Penn. ...
Top (ics) Famafrique site African women's page (C.Bradley) FGM African Women Global Network (AWOGNet) ...
Top (ics) Economic and Social Situation in Africa 1995 African Economy in 1994 and Prospects for 1995 African Technology Forum Food Security and Food Self Sufficiency in Africa ...
Top (ics) AfroImplement WEB page (african health org) HIV/AIDS and the nutrition rights of infants UNAIDS University of Zambia Medical Library ...
Top (ics) *** Africa development country sources USAID Famine Early Warning System (bulletin) Wildlife and community development (Kenya) World bank projects in Africa ... UNDP Sustainable Dev.Program Africa

4. Land Resour Ce Management In Relation To Indigenous Peoples In Kenya Indigenous
GA (Ghana). gabbra (Kenia Kenya). GADDANG (Filipijnen - the (Native American, USA). indigenous peoples in GUYANA American, USA). HOTTENTOT (Afrika - africa). HOUMA (Native American,
http://www.itpcentre.org/KenyaIngles2.pdf

5. VADA - Volkeren Stammen Peoples Tribes G - H
G. GA (Ghana); gabbra (Kenia Kenya); GADDANG (Filipijnen indigenous peoples in GUYANA;GWIKWE BUSHMEN (Namibië Native American, USA); HOTTENTOT (Afrika - africa);
http://www.vada.nl/volkengh.htm

6. Bibliography From Adaptive Strategies For Sustainable Livelihoods In Arid And Se
IISD's Community Adaptation and Sustainable Livelihoods Program Force on indigenous People. indigenous peoples and Strategies for Murdock, P.G. africa Its peoples and their cultural Stiles, Daniel. "The gabbra Traditional social factors in
http://iisd1.iisd.ca/casl/ASALProjectDetails/CASLASALBib.htm
CASL Home Page
ASAL Project
ASALs
Description ...
Significance
Bibliography
Bibliography from Adaptive Strategies for Sustainable Livelihoods in Arid and Semi-Arid Lands Project
General
Andersen, David, ed. Conservation in Africa: People, policies and practices . Cambridge, England: University of Cambridge Press, 1989. Atta El Moula, M.E. "Migration: Causes and effects: The case of Omodiat Burush". GeoJournal 25.1, (September 1991): 47-50. Awori, A. and O. Odhiambo. Resource Journal for Sustainable Development in Africa Ayensu, Edward. "Africa." In Plant resources of arid and semi-arid lands: A global perspective , edited by Goodin J.R and D.K. Northington. London: Academic Press, Inc., 1985. Behnke, R.H. and I. Scoones . Rethinking range ecology: Implications for rangelands management in Africa . London: Commonwealth Secretariat, 1991. Berhe, Costantinos. Human adaptation to marginal environments . IDS Working Paper, June 1990. Berkes, F., P. George and R.J. Preston. "Co-management. The evolution in theory and practice of the joint administration of living resources." Alternatives Beutel, F. K.

7. Information On Kenya - Africa On Fire
Somali 511,000; Boran 113,000; Oromo (2) 78,000; gabbra 50,000; Garreh 50,000 theLuo and Kikuyu, the two dominant peoples, in opposition indigenous Marginal 11
http://www.africaonfire.org/kenya.htm
Return or Go TO:
AOF Home Page
Kenya Programs
How to Partner
AOF Missions Inc.
PO Box 716
Midway, GA USA 31320
Ministry Report:
T ourist publications describe Kenya's beauty in glowing terms that the skeptic could naturally suspect. In this case, though, they tell the truth, maybe even under estimate a bit. From stars that hang like small moons, to lakes pink with flamingos; from the Obedears Mountains to the valleys where elephants, ibis, and wild antelope play, to the view from the mountains around the Rift Valley; Kenya took our breath away. Kenya is a land of contrasts, both in geography and population. Her topography includes stark desert in the north, lush farmland in the central and western regions, thick forest in the mountains. And among its people, though some have attained and are attaining wealth, most Kenyans still live in great poverty. But as our team traveled through this nation, the thing that struck us most is that Kenya is facing a crucial hour. For 34 years since her independence, God has kept Kenya politically safe from the turmoil that has swirled around her. God has blessed her with stability and with a government that has been friendly to the Church. You may have heard of some turmoil arising as scheduled elections once again draw near. Yet we were constrained by the Holy Spirit that Kenya's future does not rest in the hands of her political leaders, it rests with the Church.

8. VADA - Volkeren Stammen Peoples Tribes I - L
VADA Volkeren Stammen peoples Tribes. Last (Noord Amerika - North America). indigenous PEOPLE. INGALIK (Native American the Igbo-speaking peoples of West africa. Igbo homepage
http://www.vada.nl/volkenil.htm

9. NEVER AGAIN! -- Report From Kenya
groups who do not have an indigenous church of three large Muslim groups the Borana,Bajun and gabbra. come together to reach the unreached peoples of Kenya
http://www.ad2000.org/re71208.htm
NEVER AGAIN! Report from Kenya
Finish the Task 2000
By Ross Campbell
Dec 4, 1997
NEVER AGAIN!
In reporting on the impact of the African National Initiatives Consultation in Nairobi early November, Dr Kabachia said, "When the Kenya delegation were confronted by lists of unreached peoples in Kenya, they determined that never again would a Kenyan delegation attend a global consultation to be embarrassed by such lists." He went on to say, "Before the next consultation in the year 2000, every people group in Kenya will be penetrated." Since GCOWE '97, the Kenya delegation of 80-plus leaders has moved decisively forward to give substance to their declaration. In a series of three one-day seminars, GCOWE delegates have met, discussed, decided and acted to implement an exciting plan to see a church established amongst every people group in Kenya by the year 2000. At the October seminar delegates endorsed the Steering Committee's choice of name for the initiative - 'Finish the Task 2000'. Dr Kabachia, chairman of the initiative, explains, "'Finish the Task 2000' is not a general statement, but a specific goal." He said, " There is no way that we can ever be sure that we have completed the job of preaching the gospel to everyone. When it seems that everyone has heard, there will always be someone coming to the age of accountability who will not have heard. What we are talking about are people groups who do not have an indigenous church of their own." In describing the operating style of the Kenya initiative Dr Kabachia explained that, from the outset, the aim has been to encourage wide and active participation by all. He said, "We want 'Finishing the Task 2000' to be idea-friendly and open to all." He went on to explain, "We want everyone to feel this is 'our' thing. Not an 'us' and 'them' thing."

10. Bibliography From Adaptive Strategies For Sustainable Livelihoods In Arid And Se
Paper presented at the IDRCsponsored workshop on indigenous knowledge and desertificationin The gabbra Traditional social Nomadic peoples 30 (1992) 41-52
http://www.iisd.org/casl/ASALProjectDetails/CASLASALBib.htm
CASL Home Page
ASAL Project
ASALs
Description ...
Significance
Bibliography
Bibliography from Adaptive Strategies for Sustainable Livelihoods in Arid and Semi-Arid Lands Project
General
Andersen, David, ed. Conservation in Africa: People, policies and practices . Cambridge, England: University of Cambridge Press, 1989. Atta El Moula, M.E. "Migration: Causes and effects: The case of Omodiat Burush". GeoJournal 25.1, (September 1991): 47-50. Awori, A. and O. Odhiambo. Resource Journal for Sustainable Development in Africa Ayensu, Edward. "Africa." In Plant resources of arid and semi-arid lands: A global perspective , edited by Goodin J.R and D.K. Northington. London: Academic Press, Inc., 1985. Behnke, R.H. and I. Scoones . Rethinking range ecology: Implications for rangelands management in Africa . London: Commonwealth Secretariat, 1991. Berhe, Costantinos. Human adaptation to marginal environments . IDS Working Paper, June 1990. Berkes, F., P. George and R.J. Preston. "Co-management. The evolution in theory and practice of the joint administration of living resources." Alternatives Beutel, F. K.

11. Traditional Music & Cultures Of Kenya
thus be called Kenya's aboriginal or indigenous people (a Kenya include the Borana,Burji, gabbra, Orma, Rendille used and managed by entire peoples for their
http://bluegecko.crosswinds.net/kenya/contexts/kenyapeople.htm
click map to enter
The Traditional Music and Cultures of Kenya, a multimedia encyclopaedia dedicated to Kenya's people, has moved to a new and now permanent address: http://www.bluegecko.org/kenya/ A fully indexed site search engine, a clickable index, and an interactive map will enable to you to easily find what you're looking for. The site now has over five hundred pages, 235 images, seven hours of music, and not an advert in sight! Karibu - welcome. Click on the link or on the map to access the site's main page

12. The Borana People Of Kenya
This is in contrast with the gabbra who weave mats to Yet an indigenous church existsand probably with adequate Kenya's People peoples of the NorthBoran.
http://www.geocities.com/orvillejenkins/profiles/borana.html
Profiles Menu Orville Jenkins Home
People Profile
The Borana of Ethiopia and Kenya Religion : Islam and Local Tradition
Population : 4 million (most in Ethiopia, about 90,000 in Kenya) NARRATIVE PROFILE Location : The Borana are part of a very much larger group of about 4 to 5 million persons of whom approximately 90,000 live in north central Kenya with the balance in Ethiopia. They are related to the Oromo in Somalia also. They live in a large area of barren northern Kenya. About 44% of the Kenya Borana live in Marsabit District, into Tana River District, Garissa District and in Moyale District. The heaviest concentration live in the Sololo area of Marsabit District and in Moyale District. Those in Isiolo District are concentrated in Merti and Garba Tula. History: The Borana are one of the resulting groups of Oromo migrants who left the southern highlands of Ethiopia in the 1500's. Most of the Borana and related peoples live in Ethiopia. The Oromo had migrated east but were pushed back by the Somali leading to a greater southern expansion. There are almost 4 million Borana people, most living in Ethiopia. Identity: The word spelled Borana is pronounced with the final vowel silent. For this reason in many English sources the word is spelled

13. Blackwing Safaris: Kenya Itineraries
spectacular scenary, and we visit the indigenous nomads who The Boran, gabbra andRendille peoples carry on in the Tugen, Elgeyo and Marakwet peoples and there
http://www.kilimanjaro.com/safaris/blackwin/kenya.htm
Kenya Safari Itineraries
Blackwing Safaris
Blackwing is a small company specializing in personalized safaris at an affordable cost. All safaris are personally guided by the owner David Mascall and take a maximum of 3 persons. For details on cost, transport, accomodation, etc., please refer to Blackwing's page The following are suggestions for Kenya safari itineraries. It must be emphasised that the following itineraries only show some of the possibilities, and customised trips can easily be arranged. For those with very limited time (5 or 6 days), some of the legs (A and D) can be taken on their own, but they are designed so that they can be taken in series, with the Wildlife Safari (legs AD) taking 11 days or so (more days can easily be added if required), and the Complete Safari (legs ABCD) taking a minimum of 21 days. The legs are tried and tested and include the best wildlife areas, show the most unspoilt country with spectacular scenary, and we visit the indigenous nomads who have been virtually uninfluenced by the West. There are marvelous opportunities for photography at close quarters... or simply enjoy! All trips are very personal - I meet all of you at the airport and drive you in a reliable 4-wheel drive safari vehicle. We mostly camp in my own private fully equipped camp sites with my trained staff (but on occasion we stay in a rest-house or lodge). From these we take game-watching or other forays, returning for hot showers at noon, and later sundowners and yarns round the campfire followed by a full three-course dinner.

14. Untitled
London Routledge. Kassam, A. 1986. ‘The gabbra pastoralist/Waata africa’s Indigenouspeoples ‘First peoples’ or ‘Marginalized Minorities’?
http://www.abdn.ac.uk/chags9/1kassam.htm
Aneesa Kassam and Ali Balla Bashuna
The predicament of the Waata, former hunter-gatherers of East and Northeast Africa: etic and emic perspectives
Aneesa Kassam, Department of Anthropology, University of Durham, England and Ali Balla Bashuna, Marsabit, Kenya Paper to be presented at the Ninth International Conference on Hunters and Gatherers, Edinburgh, Scotland, 9-13 September, 2002.
Abstract
This paper tells the story of the Waata, former Oromo hunter-gatherers of East and Northeast Africa, who specialized in elephant hunting. It relates how the Waata way of life was brought to an end in the colonial period due to the enactment of wildlife conservation laws and the creation of national parks. Through this policy and that of the containment of ethnic groups to tribal reserves in Kenya, the Waata lost their place in the regional system of production. As a result, they lost their autonomy and became servile members of the Boorana and Gabra Oromo pastoral groups with whom they had traditionally interacted. They thus suffered both external, state, and internal, cultural, discrimination. The paper describes the Waata struggle for self-determination in postcolonial Kenya and reflects on the problems of advocating their cause, both from an emic and etic point of view.
Introduction
The story is told emically, from the inside, from the point of view of a Waata social activist from Northern Kenya (Bashuna 1993; forthcoming), and etically, from the outside, from the perspective of a social anthropologist (Kassam 1986; 2000). Both researchers have been analysing the problem of the Waata in different ways. Their present collaboration is the outcome of a dialogue that began in Kenya over a decade ago. The paper also reflects on this dialogical process and on the problems of advocating the Waata cause.

15. Majestas: August 1999
funds for schools for the nomadic gabbra tribe in communities in this country, inAfrica and in some, it meant the liberation of indigenous peoples, such as we
http://www.ely.anglican.org/parishes/camgsm/Majestas/1999/August.html
Majestas: August 1999
In this issue
  • A Challenge of Faith
  • Prima Vox
  • News
    • Choir News ...
      A Challenge of Faith
      by Cathy Michell For further information about the Cambridge Inter Faith Group and its programme please contact Mrs Cathy Michell, the author of this article. She is Head of Religious Studies at Hills Road Sixth Form College and also a Methodist Local Preacher. Cathy can be contacted at Tel. 01223 367885 or Fax. 01223 513315 or at work. It is most especially this undeniable presence of religious diversity which motivates the task of inter-faith dialogue and which led to the setting-up of the Inter Faith Network for the UK. The Cambridge Inter Faith Group, meeting monthly at Wesley Church, is a member organisation of this national body. So what is inter-faith dialogue? Put very simply there are two basic approaches which may be adopted by religious people in their relationships with each other, either individually or communally. The first is an exclusivism which effectively shuts the door to neighbourly contact. This is a sectarian reaction. It may be held through fear of the strange or, for example, be the position of those who are convinced that, since their own beliefs and practices alone enshrine the Truth, there is no need to listen to or learn from other religious traditions. In this case contact, if it happens at all, may be limited to the attempt to convert their adherents from error. The alternative to such a closed solution is characterised not simply by a passive tolerance of others' beliefs or ways of living, but by an active attempt both to be in contact with people of other religions and to begin and sustain dialogue with them.

16. WoYaa! Premier Moteur De Recherche Et Répertoire De Sites Internet En Rapport A
Translate this page medical missions organization working with indigenous health care Kenya Gallery Kenyapeople peoples tribe tribes Dabida-Teita El Barta gabbra Giriama Idakho
http://www.woyaaonline.com/linksfr/PAYS/KENYA/more29.html
English Recherche sur le Web les Boutiques
Sites Web Par Pays Afrique du sud Angola Botswana Burkina Faso Burundi Cameroun Cap Vert Caraïbes Comores Congo Djibouti Egypte Ethiopie Gabon Gambie Ghana Ile maurice Kenya Lesotho Libye Madagascar Malawi Mali Maroc Mauritanie Mozambique Namibie Niger Ouganda RD Congo Centrafrique Rwanda Sahara Occ. Seychelles Sierra Leone Somalie Soudan Swaziland Tanzanie Tchad Togo Tunisie Zambie Zimbabwe Par Rubriques Business Science Sport Asie du Pacific Caraïbes Europe Amerique Latine Moyen orient Asie du Sud Afrique Afrique du sud Angola Botswana Burkina Faso Burundi Cameroun Cap Vert Comores Congo Djibouti Egypte Ethiopie Gabon Gambie Ghana Ile maurice Kenya Lesotho Libye Madagascar Malawi Mali Maroc Mauritanie Mozambique Namibie Niger Ouganda RD Congo Centrafrique Rwanda Sahara Occ. Seychelles Sierra Leone Somalie Soudan Swaziland Tanzanie Tchad Togo Tunisie Zambie Zimbabwe Forums POLITIQUE
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  • Africa Safari Travel: Siringet private safaris, Kenya
    Siringet Safaris is a family company that specializes in luxury personal safaris across the wilds of Kenya. Adrian and Lucy Hughes run Siringet. We have well established camps in some of Kenyas most beautiful spots, but will take you wherever you want t (Rajouté le: Tue Nov 05 2002 Hits: 1 Rang: 0.00 Votes: 0)

17. WoYaa Search Engine - Africa References Online - COUNTRIES/KENYA
medical missions organization working with indigenous health care Kenya people peoplestribe tribes gallery Joy DabidaTeita El Barta gabbra Giriama Idakho
http://www.woyaaonline.com/links/COUNTRIES/KENYA/more48.html
Welcome to WoYaa! Your premier African search engine and Web sites directory since 1997. African Web Sites By Country Algeria Angola Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Burundi Cameroon Cape Verde CAR Chad Comoros Congo Djibouti Egypt EQ. Guinea Eritrea Ethiopia Gabon Gambia Ghana Guinea Guinea Bissau Kenya Lesotho Liberia Libya Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritania Mauritius Morocco Mozambique Namibia Niger Nigeria RD Congo Rwanda Sao Tome Senegal Seychelles Siserra Leone Somalia South Africa Sudan Swaziland Tanzania Togo Tunisia Uganda W. Sahara Zambia Zimbabwe Latest News By Topics Business Health Science Sport Asia Pacific Caribbean Europe Latine America Middle East South Asia North America Africa Algeria Angola Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Burundi Cameroon Cape Verde CAR Chad Comoros Congo Djibouti Egypt EQ. Guinea Eritrea Ethiopia Gabon Gambia Ghana Guinea Guinea Bissau Kenya Lesotho Liberia Libya Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritania Mauritius Morocco Mozambique Namibia Niger Nigeria RD Congo Rwanda Sao Tome Senegal Seychelles Siserra Leone Somalia South Africa Sudan Swaziland Tanzania Togo Tunisia Uganda W. Sahara Zambia Zimbabwe Forums POLITICS
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  • The Luke Society - Kenya
    The Luke Society is a non-denominational Christian medical missions organization working with indigenous health care professionals. In Kenya, Dr. Tom Olewe is ministering to the street children of a Nairobi slum.

18. Shopping
is the greatest threat to indigenous forests and Northern tribes including the Turkana,gabbra, Rendille, Oromo the Maasai and other Kenyan peoples has become
http://www.magicalkenya.com/default.nsf/_fsafaris1/9?opendocument&s=9&l=1

19. Oxford Forestry Institute - Annual Report 1996
significant populations of pastoral and semipastoral peoples. of vital importanceto gabbra pastoralists whose Ectomycorhiza of indigenous and exotic trees in
http://www.plants.ox.ac.uk/ofi/pubs/annrep96.htm
SEVENTY - SECOND
ANNUAL REPORT
Oxford Foresty Institute
Department of Plant Sciences
University of Oxford
CONTENTS LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS HIGHLIGHTS STAFF AND ASSOCIATES RESEARCH ... STAFF CONFERENCE PAPERS
LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
ACIAR - Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research
ADAS - Agricultural Development and Advisory Service
AETFAT
ANU - Australian National University
BAIF - Bharatiya Agro Industries Foundation
BRAHMS - Botanical Research And Herbarium Management System CABI - CAB International CATIE CD-ROM - Compact disc read-only memory CIDA - Canadian International Development Agency CIFOR - Centre for International Forestry Research CONSEFORH CPATU CSIRO - Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization DNA - Deoxyribonucleic acid DSF - Direct site factor EAP - Herbarium, El Zamorano EC - European Commission EMBRAPA EU - European Union FORESTEK - Division of Forest Science and Technology, CSIR, South Africa FoRIG - Forest Research Institute of Ghana FRIM - Forest Research Institute of Malaysia FROGGIE - Forest Reserves Of Ghana: Graphical Interface Exhibitor FRP - Forestry Research Programme (of ODA's Renewable Natural Resources Programme) FSC - Forest Stewardship Council HTTP - Hypertext transfer protocol ICFRE - Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education ICRAF - International Centre for Research in Agroforestry IFGTB - Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding IIED - International Institute for Environment and Development INRA - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique

20. Kenya -- Ethnic Groups
The principal nonindigenous ethnic minorities are the term Swahili refers to differentpeoples who share El Molo, Boran, Burji Dassenich, gabbra, Orma, Sakuye
http://www.sas.upenn.edu/African_Studies/NEH/k-ethn.html
Kenya Ethnic Groups
The Kikuyu, Meru, Gusii, Embu, Akamba, Luyha (or alternate spelling of Luyia), Swahili and Mijikenka (which in fact is a group of different ethnic groups) constitute the majority of the Bantu speaking peoples of Kenya. In general, the Bantu have been farmers. The Kikuyu (or Gikuyu) homeland is around Mount Kenya and it is believed they migrated into the area from East and North East Africa around the 16th century. They were neighbors of the Maasai and although there were raids for cattle between them, there was also a lot of trade and intermarriage. The Kikuyu god, Ngai, resides on Mt. Kenya which they call Kirinyaga . As with other ethnic groups, the traditional healer was held in high esteem. For the Kikuyu, land ownership is the most important social, political, religious, and economic factor. They have a complex system of land ownership that revolves around close kin, The importance of land brought them into conflict with the colonial government when white settlers and farmers occupied their traditional lands. Today, Kikuyu farmers produce most of the fresh produce that is consumed in Nairobi as well as coffee and tea for export. Many Kikuyu have also been successful in economic and commercial endeavors. Traditionally, the Kikuyu were governed by a council of elders based on clans. The Akamba The Luyha's traditional homeland is around Kakamega in western Kenya. They are Kenya's third largest ethnic group after the Kikuyu and the Luo. The Luyha suffer from high population density which effects their farming economy as cultivation occurs on plots that get smaller with each generation. They are important producers of sugar-cane.

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