61. ALMISBAH: Regions, Nations And Peoples: Particular Regions: Iran, Afghanistan, T Keywords, iran; art; persian art; history; culture, DETAILS. Keywords, iran;history; photographs; online publications; Persepolis; antiquities, DETAILS. http://ssgdoc.bibliothek.uni-halle.de/vlib/ssgfi/subject/almisbah_ssg0302050204_

ALMISBAH: Regions, Nations and Peoples: Particular Regions: Iran, Afghanistan, Tajikistan and other Iranian Peoples of the Region: Iran: Cultural History (WWW) 1. Achaemenid Royal Inscriptions Source Type Research Institutes and Programms URL http://www-oi.uchicago.edu/OI/PROJ/ARI/ARI.html Keywords achaemenian inscriptions; old persian inscriptions; inscriptions; persian languages; persian studies; linguistic anthropology; archaeology; Oriental Institute; cuneiform inscriptions; old persian language; Persia; Iran; akkadian language; elamite language; bibliography DETAILS Contents Clarity Index Links Source Type Research Institutes and Programms URL http://www.cais-soas.com/ Keywords iranian studies; ancient near eastern studies; history; research; SOAS; CAIS; Iran; iranian art; archaeology; iranian languages; culture; excavations; online articles; anthropology; architecture; geography; religion; zoroastrianism DETAILS Contents Clarity Index Links 3. Cultural Heritage Foundation Source Type Commercial Provider Organizations and Societies URL http://www.chf-iran.com/

62. Electronic Briefing Book: The Secret CIA History Of The Iran Coup CIA Clandestine Service history, Overthrow of Premier Mossadeq of iran,November 1952August 1953, March 1954, by Dr. Donald Wilber. http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB28/

More information on Iran: The Iran Declassification Project Edited by Malcolm Byrne Updated November 29, 2000 For more information: mbyrne@gwu.edu Jump to the Documents The CIA history of operation TPAJAX excerpted below was first disclosed by James Risen of The New York Times in its editions of April 16 and June 18, 2000, and posted in this form on its website at: http://www.nytimes.com/library/world/mideast/041600iran-cia-index.html This extremely important document is one of the last major pieces of the puzzle explaining American and British roles in the August 1953 coup against Iranian Premier Mohammad Mossadeq. Written in March 1954 by Donald Wilber, one of the operation’s chief planners, the 200-page document is essentially an after-action report, apparently based in part on agency cable traffic and Wilber’s interviews with agents who had been on the ground in Iran as the operation lurched to its conclusion. Long-sought by historians, the Wilber history is all the more valuable because it is one of the relatively few documents that still exists after an unknown quantity of materials was destroyed by CIA operatives – reportedly “routinely” – in the 1960s, according to former CIA Director James Woolsey. However, according to an investigation by the National Archives and Records Administration, released in March 2000, “no schedules in effect during the period 1959-1963 provided for the disposal of records related to covert actions and, therefore, the destruction of records related to Iran was unauthorized.” (p. 22) The CIA now says that about 1,000 pages of documentation remain locked in agency vaults.

63. National Security Archive/Publications/Documents Readers/The Iran-Contra Scandal The iranContra Scandal The Declassified history. Table of Contents from Theiran-Contra Scandal The Declassified history. Part One The Contras. http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/nsa/publications/DOC_readers/icread/icread.html

The Iran-Contra Scandal: The Declassified History Edited by Peter Kornbluh and Malcolm Byrne A National Security Archive Documents Reader Hardcover: ISBN 1-56584-024-0 Paperback: ISBN 1-56584-047-X Overview Table of Contents and Sample Documents Ordering Information Overview The Iran-Contra Scandal: The Declassified History provides the 101 most important documents on the policy decisions, covert operations, and subsequent cover-up that created the most serious constitutional crisis of modern times. To enhance this documentat ion, the editors provide contextual overviews of the complex components of the Iran-Contra operations as well as glossaries of the key players, and a detailed chronology of events. The result is a unique guide to the inner workings of national security policymaking and the shadowy world of clandestine operationsa singular resource for understanding the Iran-Contra affair and the gravity of the government crisis it spawned. "The documents," writes noted Iran-Contra scholar Theodore Draper in the foreword, give the reader "an intimate sense of how the president and his men manipulated the system and perverted its constitutional character." This volume "allows the facts to speak for themselves." Primary source material, such as the documents in this volume, are often all that is left to study as memories fade and the actual events disappear from the news and become part of history. Now students and scholars have a chance to understand the national security decision-making process through the documents that they were never meant to read.

64. Iransaga, Iran (Persia) The Country And History iran'S history. This chronology catalogues and compares iran's colourful historywith that of the rest of the world from 4000 BC to modern times. http://www.art-arena.com/sagach.htm

IRANSAGA Iran (Persia) "The Country and History" This Section of Iransaga includes informative and interesting facts and photographs relating to Iran; the country, it's history and people. (Please click on the "titles" to enter each section.) IRAN'S HISTORY PERSIA OR IRAN, THE HISTORY A brief history, pre-twentieth century: ( In Eleven Chapters ) "....For more than three thousand years Persia was a melting pot of civilizations and demographic movements between Asia and Europe. Under Cyrus the Great, it became the centre of the world's first empire. Successive invasions by the Greeks, Arabs, Mongols and Turks developed the nation's culture through rich and diverse philosophical, artistic, scientific and religious influences...." A CHRONOLOGY OF PERSIAN HISTORY This chronology catalogues and compares Iran's colourful history with that of the rest of the world from 4000 BC to modern times. CYRUS THE GREAT, THE PHENOMENON An insight into the background, life, and achievements of Cyrus the Great: "Cyrus is regarded as one of the most outstanding figures in history. His success in creating and maintaining the Achaemenian Empire was the result of an intelligent blending of diplomatic and military skills and his rule was tempered with wisdom and tact...."

65. Glassware And Ceramic Museum Of Iran/History Of The Museum history of the Glassware and Ceramic Museum of iran The premises that have beenturned into museum where glass and clay works are on display were built about http://www.glasswaremuseum.org/history/history.htm

66. Mehregan A nonprofit, educational organization dedicated to the preservation and development of the cultural heritage. Includes a history of the organisation, news and events. http://www.mehregan.org/

NEW JOURNAL Fall 2002, Winter 2003 (1382) About Mehregan History NEW JOURNAL Fall 2002, Winter 2003 (1382) About Mehregan History ... Contact us

67. Iran, History Of iran, history of. history of the iranian Plateau from prehistoric times tothe present. The early history of iran may be divided into three phases http://www.kat.gr/kat/history/Ancient/Iran.htm

Iran, history of History of the Iranian Plateau from prehistoric times to the present. The article covers as well the succession of ancient empires centered there, the borders of which extended beyond those of the present country. The early history of Iran may be divided into three phases: The rise of the Persians under Cyrus II Little is known of the remainder of Cyrus' reign. The rapidity with which his son and successor, Cambyses II, initiated a successful campaign against Egypt suggests that preparations for such an attack were well advanced under Cyrus. But the founder of Persian power was forced to turn east late in his reign to protect that frontier against warlike tribes who were themselves in part Iranians and who threatened the plateau in the same manner as had the Medes and the Persians more than a millennium earlier. One of the recurrent themes of Iranian history is the threat of peoples from the east. How much Cyrus conquered in the east is uncertain. What is clear is that he lost his life in 529 BC, fighting somewhere in the region of the Oxus and Jaxartes rivers. The Achaemenid dynasty Cambyses In 522 BC news reached Cambyses of a revolt in Iran led by an impostor claiming to be Bardiya, Cambyses' brother. Several provinces of the empire accepted the new ruler, who bribed his subjects with a remission of taxes for three years. Hastening home to regain control, Cambyses diedpossibly by his own hand, more probably from infection following an accidental sword wound. Darius, a leading general in Cambyses' army and one of the princes of the Achaemenid family, raced homeward with the troops in order to crush the rebellion in a manner profitable to himself.

68. Nomadic Tribes Tour: Anthropology Iran,history Iran,people Iran,eco Tours Iran,t This a unique opportunity to step through the gates of history and spend a daywith the nomadic tribes of southern iran.Go back to times when things were http://www.biztravel.com/TRAVEL/SIT/sit_pages/4876.html

Home Categories Active Adventure Affinity Family Hobby ... Sports Destination Africa Asia Australia Caribbean ... South America Unique Stays Castle Hotel Eco Lodge Resorts Diving Are you interested? Want to learn more about this tour, order travel brochures, pose questions to the tour operator or book this tour? Click for details. Nomadic tribes tour DALTOUR Click here for info This a unique opportunity to step through the gates of history and spend a day with the nomadic tribes of southern Iran.Go back to times when things were simple and people led simpler lives. Our guides have spent years interacting with these people, so you get the chance to have an insight on their age- old traditions and way of life. Your Itinerary Day 1: Arrival and welcoming to our dear guests at Tehran airport.Transfer to hotel. B L D Day 2: Transfer to domestic airport to fly to Shiraz. Afternoon, sight seeing in Shiraz, over night shiraz hotel. B L D Day 3: Excursion to Bishapour, visit the ancient city of Bishapur. B L D Day 4: Move toward nomads, visit them and camp there at night. B L D Day 5: Move toward Persepolis and Naghsh-e-Rostam. Visit the achamenian ancient monuments, ceremonial sites,palaces and drive back to the hotel in the afternoon.

69. Salam Iran- Copyright Terms iran's history in brief. In 1220 AD, however, the history of iran began to take yetanother turn, more bloody, more tragic, and sadder than any before or since. http://www.salamiran.org/IranInfo/General/History/

Iran's history in brief The written history of Iran begins with the early Achaemenids, some 2,500 years ago, but since then till the dawn of Islam in Iran, all that is available on the Iranian history has been written by the ancient Greeks, who were then Iran's greatest enemies. So, the pre-Islamic historical sources are not completely reliable although there are indications that Greek historians often faithfully recorded the facts. Was there no Iranian Herodotus or Xenophon, or were Iranian historical records destroyed in the many invasions that followed? The answer is not clear. But of the ancient past, certain mythological stories have survived which had been collected during the Sassanid era; and once the Persian language emerged in the Moslem Iran, these were turned into verses, sixty thousand of them in all, by one of Iran's greatest poets, Abulghassem Ferdowsi. He compiled these verses into a book and named it "Shahnameh", the book of kings. Parts ofthese verses have been translated into English, French, Cerman and a few other languages. The book makes excellent epic reading, but for the ancient history we have to rely on Greek writings, and archaeological findings. Iranians are said to be Aryans and this is in part true. Though predominantly Aryan, they are in fact a mixture of many nations and races: the Old Asian people who lived on the Iranian plateau before the arrival of the Aryans; the Aryans who moved to the plateau mostly in the first millennium BC ; and finally the descendants of the later conquerors: Arabs, Turks, and Mongols.

70. Homesite Of The Rose Of Iran - History Page In English Back to history Page. Persian word cold, white sheikh from the North I was calledamong Persians- to ask if I had ever heard of THE ROSE OF iran, when at http://www.iransrose.com/historyenglish.html

Back to History Page English When towards evening the vultures of Gobi rest their weary wings and when the Muslim bows down to the sun in the West when the walk of the camel stops, and its bells do not sound a wanderer seeks rest and shelter from frost and wind in a tea house on a mountain ridge where all sorts of people he meets East and West, the waters of two rivers in one swirl here are Hindus, Tajiks, Persians and Jews the cold white world of the West, the mysterious dream of the East. Here is a beggar from Tibet who wishes to rest on a bag and a rich Chinese shopkeeper with a very valuable cargo they wish to warm their feet at the same fire and river where a rug dealer from Tebriz with his bodyguard rest and from Beirut came a merchant with a Pilgrim in his company for a late shelter for the night at the fire on the rim of the mountain for towards the foot of the mountain in the darkness the heavy wave of night flows everything that the waters of life is: snow white foam and coal-black mud. And a man who drove camels for the big caravans half a wise man, half a beggar, sometimes a thief and sometimes an interpreter

71. Homesite Of The Rose Of Iran - History Page Vore sjæle var forenet, trods de kolde, klare hjerner, på en vej fra Vesttil Øst the golden road to Samarkand. Læs mere The Rose of iran http://www.iransrose.com/history.html

Danish English Arabic Irans Rose The Rose of Iran When I met THE ROSE OF IRAN, the favourite dancer of the Shah she did not stand before my eye created of earthly flesh and blood when my lightning struck heart cried out: I must find this woman! woven into the carpet of dream she stood for my inner eyeand I felt that our meeting had been written in the stars alas, but where? In the centre of earth, or far behind land and water? Our souls were united despite the cold bright minds on the road form West to East: the golden road to Samarkand. Read more... Read more...

72. Bigchalk HomeworkCentral Iran (History By Nation) history by Nation iran. OVERVIEWS TIMELINES history of iran From Ancient times to 1979; iranian history ancient to present; http://www.bigchalk.com/cgi-bin/WebObjects/WOPortal.woa/Homework/High_School/His

73. Iran In The Bible history of Persia and Persian Kings according to the Bible. http://www.farsinet.com/iranbibl/links.html

What the Bible Says About Persia Persians in the Bible Persia and the Bible Persian Kings in the Bible ... Magi (Majusian) Wisemen from East seeking Jesus King Darius orders Daniel to the Den of Lions King Cyrus - A Just Ruler King Cyrus allows Jews to return to Israel King Cyrus is called by God to serve Him ... God's Plan for Iran Iranian Christian Church of San Jose History of the Christians in Iran Churches of Iran Related Links Translate this page Other Persia/Iran History Related Links An Overview of The Persian History A Brief History of Iran Christ and Christianity in Persian Poetry Churches of Iran History and Architecture of Churches in Iran Chronology of Persian History Cyrus The Great - Bas Relief, Pasargad, Rights of Nations Cylinder,... Iran an ancient land Iran/Persian Dynasties Timetable Noah's Ark in Iran - An study by Archaeology Search and Exploration Institute Persian History Websites A colection of academic historical information from Microsoft Encarta The Persians - The Iranians - A brief historical review Xerxes (Khashayarshah) AND Artaxerxes (Ardeshier Deraz Dast) Discoverd to be the Same King !! Other Biblical/Christian history/issues/news related to Iran/Persia Persian Manuscript of Gospel of Mathew in Vatican Library Report of Arthur Blessitt Cross Walk in Iran in January 1998 Keith Wheeler Cross Walked in Iran in August 1998 Please send your comments and suggestions to iranbible@farsinet.com

74. Other Recommended Articles About Iran's History SHAHOLLAHI, HEZBOLLAHI, Pro Shah Activists, Pro Hezbollah Activists,Reza Pahlavi, Shah and Islamic regime in iran http://www.angelfire.com/home/iran/people.html

SHAHOLLAHI, HEZBOLLAHI, Pro Shah Activists, Pro Hezbollah Activists, Reza Pahlavi, Shah and Islamic regime in Iran Other recommended articles Open Letter to Prince Reza Pahlavi (in Farsi) By: Amir Houshang Arianpour, Washington D.C., January 21, 2002 The SHAHOLLAHIs and HEZBOLLAHIs wish to bend over and kiss the dictators' bloody hands! By: Nosrat Alashti ... By: Setareh Sabety Home Crimes against humanity

75. The History Of The Ancient Near East Brief historical overviews and photographs of Israel, Iraq, Egypt, Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, Cyprus, Bahrain and iran (Persia). http://www.geocities.com/ancientneareast/

Website has Moved ..... The History of the Ancient Near East Electronic Compendium has moved ..... If you are not instantly transported to the appropriate page click on the address below http://ancientneareast.tripod.com/index.html

76. History Of Iran: Iranologie.com history of iran. Part of. The revised third chapter, Median Empire is nowuploaded. A report from. Welcome to iranologie's history of iran . http://www.iranologie.com/history/history.html

History of Iran Part of History Iran Literature Pictures About ... Links Sections Introduction Iran before Iranians Iranians before Iran Median Empire Achaemenids Arsacid and Sasanians Islamic Empire Independence Turkic Dynasties Mongol Rule Timur and Diaspora Revival of the Empire Shah Abbas' Successors Afshar and Zand Early Qajar Era Late Qajars Reza Shah Bibliography Related Articles Atashgah-e Esfahan Iranian Language Family Persian Alphabet Return to Main Page 26 January 2003 Parts of Chapter IX, Mongol Invasion , is is restored The revised third chapter, Median Empire is now uploaded A report from Welcome to Iranologie's History of Iran History of Iran is a private project undertaken to raise the general knowledge about the Iranian history. There are currently 16 chapters that constitute the history section, containing a brief survey of the Iranian history from the earliest times to 1941. Although brief, I have done my best to include the latest theories presented in accredited journals and brought forward in academic circles. This is much more true for the pre-Islamic sections than for the post Islamic ones, but I am trying to revise and edit the later chapters gradually. Other papers and writings included, such as the

77. Iran's History From Constitution until Islamic Revolution.CD in farsi. R51 $27.99.Search for Persian Gift Shop © 2000 All Right Reserved. http://www.persiangiftshop.com/iranshistory.html

From Constitution until Islamic Revolution.CD in farsi. Search for: Persian Gift Shop

78. Iran: The History Of Jews In Persia/Iran Article by Charles Recknagel and Azam Gorgin from Radio Free Europe.Category Regional Middle East Religion Judaism......iran The history Of Jews In Persia/iran. By Charles Recknagel andAzam Gorgin. iran's trial of 13 Jews on espionage charges has put http://www.rferl.org/nca/features/2000/07/F.RU.000703124835.html

Iran: The History Of Jews In Persia/Iran By Charles Recknagel and Azam Gorgin Iran's trial of 13 Jews on espionage charges has put new focus on the situation of Jews in the Islamic Republic. RFE/RL's Azam Gorgin presents a brief historical overview of the Jewish community in Iran. Prague, 3 July 2000 (RFE/RL) The ancient Persian empire was established in the sixth century B.C. by King Cyrus, who conquered Babylonia. The empire's religion was Zoroastrianism. The origin of the Jewish diaspora in Persia is connected to the deportation of Israelites in 727 B.C. from Samaria to Media and Persia. The famous "Cyrus Declaration" allowed the Jews who were living in exile by the river of Babylon to return to their homeland, Judea, to rebuild their lives. But some who had established themselves economically and socially preferred to remain on Babylonian-Persian soil. These remaining exiles can be regarded as the nucleus of the permanent Jewish settlements that gradually expanded from the center to the provinces. The tolerant attitude of the rulers toward Jewish subjects brought gratitude from the Jews and found expression in subsequent generations. The Talmud says a picture of Susa, the capital of the Persian kings, should be carved on the eastern gate of the temple in Jerusalem. Many scholars say this was intended in memory of good relations with Persia's Achaemenid kings. The overthrow of the Achaemenid dynasty by Alexander the Great was a setback to Jewish life in Iran, but later, during the Sassanid dynasty, the Jewish population of Iran grew considerably.

79. Internet Ancient History Sourcebook: Persia Links to online articles about Ancient Persia.Category Society history By Time Period Ancient Persia...... Modern Perspectives on Ancient iran. Note To continue investigationof Medieval Persian Culture, see the Islamic history Sourcebook. http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/asbook05.html

Halsall Home Medieval Sourcebook Modern History Sourcebook Other History Sourcebooks: African East Asian Indian Islamic ... Egypt Persia Israel Greece Hellenistic Wld Rome ... Christian Origins See Main Page for a guide to all contents of all sections. Contents Persia: General The Persian State: Acheamenids (560-330 BCE) The Persian State: Parthia and Arcsacids (247 BCE-226 CE) The Persian State: Sassanids (224-636 CE) Persian Religions Art and Architecture Modern Perspectives on Ancient Iran Note: To continue investigation of Medieval Persian Culture, see the Islamic History Sourcebook Persia: General WEB Encyclopedia Iranica Very detailed entries, but only D, E online as yet. WEB Parthia.com Focused on a later period of Persian history than covered in this class, but still a good entrance to all things Persian. Back to Index The Persian State: Acheamenids (560-330 BCE) Herodotus (c.490-c.425 BCE): On the Customs of the Persians [This Site] Cyrus (b.580-r.560/59-529 BCE, ): Cylinder Recording Conquest of Babylon (mid 6th Cent. BCE) [At WCSLC]

80. New York Times Special Report: The C.I.A. In Iran Similar pages iran Culture and Information Center iran's history in Brief. In 1220 AD, however, the history of iran began to take yetanother turn, more bloody, more tragic, and sadder than any before or since. http://www.nytimes.com/library/world/mideast/041600iran-cia-index.html

Corbis / Bettmann By JAMES RISEN Requires Adobe Acrobat he Central Intelligence Agency's secret history of its covert operation to overthrow Iran's government in 1953 offers an inside look at how the agency stumbled into success, despite a series of mishaps that derailed its original plans. Written in 1954 by one of the coup's chief planners, the history details how United States and British officials plotted the military coup that returned the shah of Iran to power and toppled Iran's elected prime minister, an ardent nationalist. The document shows that: Britain, fearful of Iran's plans to nationalize its oil industry, came up with the idea for the coup in 1952 and pressed the United States to mount a joint operation to remove the prime minister. The C.I.A. and S.I.S., the British intelligence service, handpicked Gen. Fazlollah Zahedi to succeed Prime Minister Mohammed Mossadegh and covertly funneled $5 million to General Zahedi's regime two days after the coup prevailed. Iranians working for the C.I.A. and posing as Communists harassed religious leaders and staged the bombing of one cleric's home in a campaign to turn the country's Islamic religious community against Mossadegh's government. The shah's cowardice nearly killed the C.I.A. operation. Fearful of risking his throne, the Shah repeatedly refused to sign C.I.A.-written royal decrees to change the government. The agency arranged for the shah's twin sister, Princess Ashraf Pahlevi, and Gen. H. Norman Schwarzkopf, the father of the Desert Storm commander, to act as intermediaries to try to keep him from wilting under pressure. He still fled the country just before the coup succeeded.

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