61. Iraq 2001 - Introduction Geography People Government Economy Communications Tran iraq 2001 Introduction Geography Population government Economy CommunicationsTransportation Military Issues Maps Flags. Support our Sponsor http://www.workmall.com/wfb2001/iraq/

Country Ranks Maps Flags DEFINITIONS ... [TOP] Iraq 2001 http://www.workmall.com/wfb2001/iraq/index.html SOURCE: 2001 CIA WORLD FACTBOOK Please put this page in your BOOKMARKS - - - - - Enter your e-mail address to receive e-mail when this web site is updated. Your Internet e-mail address: http://www.photius.com/wfb2001/iraq/index.html Photius Coutsoukis Revised 11-Nov-01

62. Ministry Of Foreign Affairs, Republic Of Iraq The official government standpoint on the relations to the UN, reports on the UN inspections, on terrorism and human rights, including statements by the foreign minister and by the spokesman. Information for expatriates. In English and Arabic. http://www.uruklink.net/mofa/epage.htm

63. Iraqi National Accord (I.N.A) - English Version The organisation promotes the removal of the present government and the establishment of democracy in iraq. http://www.wifaq.com/index_e.html

64. Iraq Sanctions And The Oil For Food Agreement Official report by the UK government. http://files.fco.gov.uk/info/briefs/1597.pdf

65. Embassy Of France In The US - Situation In Iraq/Persian Gulf The official standpoint of the French government statements, documents and press releases. http://www.ambafrance-us.org/news/statmnts/2003/iraq.asp

What's New Contact Us Subscribe About Us ... Other News/ In-Depth Files This Week in the Press American Press Review French Press Review French media on the web SITUATION IN IRAQ/PERSIAN GULF Statements made by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs Spokesperson. Paris, April 8, 2003 Visit to Sweden: Interview given by Dominique de Villepin, Minister of Foreign Affairs, to Agence France Presse (excerpts) Göteborg, April 7, 2003 Statements by Dominique de Villepin, Minister of Foreign Affairs during his joint press briefing with Franco Frattini, Italian Minister of Foreign Affairs (excerpts) Rome, April 4, 2003 Joint press briefing given by Dominique de Villepin, Minister of Foreign Affairs, Igor Ivanov, Russian Minister of Foreign Affairs, and Joschka Fischer, German Minister of Foreign Affairs Paris, April 4, 2003 Remarks by Prime Minister Raffarin broadcast on France 3 and France Info Paris, April 3, 2003 Interview given by Dominique de Villepin, Minister of Foreign Affairs, to LCI (excerpts) Paris, April 1, 2003 Reply by Dominique de Villepin, Minister of Foreign Affairs, to a question in the National Assembly

66. Biography Of President Saddam Hussein Chronological account of the life of iraq's leader, from an official government source. http://www.uruklink.net/iraq/bio.htm

67. GeographyIQ - World Atlas - Middle East - Iraq - Government Facts And Figures iraq government (Facts). Country name conventional long form Republicof iraq conventional short form iraq local long form Al http://www.geographyiq.com/countries/iz/Iraq_government.htm

Home World Map Rankings Currency Converter Countries from A to Z A B C D ... Iraq (Facts) Iraq - Government (Facts) Country name: conventional long form: Republic of Iraq conventional short form: Iraq local long form: Al Jumhuriyah al Iraqiyah local short form: Al Iraq Government type: republic Capital: Baghdad Administrative divisions: 18 provinces (muhafazat, singular - muhafazah); Al Anbar, Al Basrah, Al Muthanna, Al Qadisiyah, An Najaf, Arbil, As Sulaymaniyah, At Ta'mim, Babil, Baghdad, Dahuk, Dhi Qar, Diyala, Karbala', Maysan, Ninawa, Salah ad Din, Wasit Independence: 3 October 1932 (from League of Nations mandate under British administration) National holiday: Revolution Day, 17 July (1968) Constitution: 22 September 1968, effective 16 July 1970 (provisional constitution); new constitution drafted in 1990 but not adopted Legal system: based on Islamic law in special religious courts, civil law system elsewhere; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal Executive branch: chief of state: President SADDAM Husayn (since 16 July 1979); Vice Presidents Taha Muhyi al-Din MARUF (since 21 April 1974) and Taha Yasin RAMADAN (since 23 March 1991) head of government: Prime Minister SADDAM Husayn (since 29 May 1994); Deputy Prime Ministers Tariq Mikhail AZIZ (since NA 1979), Hikmat Mizban Ibrahim al-AZZAWI (since 30 July 1999), Ahmad Husayn al-KHUDAYIR (since NA July 2001), and Abd al-Tawab Mullah al-HUWAYSH (since NA July 2001)

68. Message Amnesty's Silence I believe that AI and HRW's silence on the sanctions on iraq when it is so vocal on other issues like Pinochet or Kosovo or Turkey not only allows government propaganda to go unanswered, but breeds suspicion that the suffering of iraqis cannot really be that bad. After all, if it was so bad, surely Amnesty would say something? http://linux.clare.cam.ac.uk/~saw27/casi/discuss/1998/386.html

69. Kurdistan Regional Government Home Presents news, progress reports, and reference material.Category Society Ethnicity Kurdish Politics...... Regional government presided over a meeting of the Council of Ministers at theregional capital, Erbil. More. Editorial Dangers in Northern iraq America's http://www.krg.org/

Tuesday, 8 April 2003 Home Contact News Latest News ... Books Update from Erbil, 6 April War is about chaos, confusion, and casualties. And destruction. Nothing positive to say about it. Casualties are the worst. Casualties from friendly fire are beyond the worst, if that's possible. We had an exceptionally bad day today: 17 fighters were killed by a bomb from a U.S. plane. 45 fighters wounded, including Wajeeh Barzani, commander of KDP's special forces who was critically injured. More 18 Kurds said killed, 45 injured in US friendly fire incident ARBIL, Iraq, April 6 (AFP) - 18h56 - Eighteen Kurds were killed and 45 others wounded near here Sunday when US aircraft mistakenly bombed a convoy in northern Iraq, Kurdish sources said, denying reports that four US special forces troops were among the dead. More Friendly fire' hits Kurdish convoy (BBC) An American warplane has bombed a Kurdish convoy in northern Iraq which had been joined by members of US special forces, killing several people.

70. GeographyIQ - World Atlas - Middle East - Iraq - Government And Political Condit World Middle East iraq government and Political Conditions (Notes).iraq government and Political Conditions (Notes). government http://www.geographyiq.com/countries/iz/Iraq_government_summary.htm

Home World Map Rankings Currency Converter Countries from A to Z A B C D ... Iraq (Notes) Iraq - Government and Political Conditions (Notes) GOVERNMENT The Ba'ath Party rules Iraq through a nine-member RCC, which enacts legislation by decree. The RCC's president (chief of state and supreme commander or the armed forces) is elected by a two-thirds majority of the RCC. A Council of Ministers (cabinet), appointed by the RCC, has administrative and some legislative responsibilities. A 250-member National Assembly consisting of 220 elected by popular vote who serve a 4- year term, and 30 appointed by the president to represent the three northern provinces, was last elected in March 2000. Iraq is divided into 18 provinces, each headed by a governor with extensive administrative powers. Iraq's judicial system is based on the French model introduced during Ottoman rule and has three types of lower courtscivil, religious, and special. Special courts try broadly defined national security cases. An appellate court system and the court of cassation (court of last recourse) complete the judicial structure. Principal Government Officials President, RCC Chairman, Prime Minister, Ba'ath Party Regional Command Secretary GeneralSaddam Hussein

71. Guardian Unlimited | Special Reports | Ian Buruma: Come The Revolution Ian Buruma analyses recent US plans for a military government in iraq, with focus on the difference between the probable situtation in postwar-iraq and Japan after WW II. The Guardian, UK. http://www.guardian.co.uk/Iraq/Story/0,2763,812178,00.html

Go to: Guardian Unlimited home UK news World news Archive search Arts Books Business EducationGuardian.co.uk Film Football Jobs Life MediaGuardian.co.uk Money The Observer Online Politics Shopping SocietyGuardian.co.uk Sport Talk Travel Audio Email services Special reports The Guardian The weblog The informer The northerner The wrap Advertising guide Crossword Dating Headline service Syndication services Events / offers Help / contacts Information Newsroom Style guide Travel offers TV listings Weather Web guides Guardian Weekly Money Observer Home UK Business Online ... Quiz Search this site Full coverage Special report: Iraq Iraq archived articles Interactive guides on Iraq More special reports Britain's armed forces The anti-war movement Al-Qaida United States ... Full index of our special reports In this section The hunt is on for the missing weapons Leader: The UN's leading role Letters: New icon of war Aid that comes too little, too late ... Saddam survived attack on building say British intelligence sources Real lives Come the revolution This talk of restoring democracy to Iraq is absurd. It never had a democracy. What it does need is a revolution Ian Buruma Tuesday October 15, 2002

72. Guardian Unlimited | Special Reports | Rebel Groups Reject CIA Overtures Down On Reports on the mistrust between Iraqi opposition forces and the US government. The Guardian, UK. http://www.guardian.co.uk/Iraq/Story/0,2763,752591,00.html

Go to: Guardian Unlimited home UK news World news Archive search Arts Books Business EducationGuardian.co.uk Film Football Jobs Life MediaGuardian.co.uk Money The Observer Online Politics Shopping SocietyGuardian.co.uk Sport Talk Travel Audio Email services Special reports The Guardian The weblog The informer The northerner The wrap Advertising guide Crossword Dating Headline service Syndication services Events / offers Help / contacts Information Newsroom Style guide Travel offers TV listings Weather Web guides Guardian Weekly Money Observer Home UK Business Online ... Quiz Search this site Full coverage Special report: Iraq Iraq archived articles Interactive guides on Iraq More special reports Britain's armed forces The anti-war movement Al-Qaida United States ... Full index of our special reports In this section 'UN is crucial to rebuilding of Iraq' Banter and intimacy in the heat of battle Eleven dead British servicemen brought home 'The allies have won' ... Three die in attacks on media bases Rebel groups reject CIA overtures down on the farm Julian Borger in Washington Wednesday July 10, 2002

73. DefendAmerica News - Facing The Iraqi Threat The USDepartment of Defense offers news, background information and links to other government and military departments. http://www.defendamerica.mil/iraq.html

Home An F-16C Falcon from 114th Fighter Wing from Sioux Falls, S.D., Air National Guard (background) taxies past the cockpit of an adjacent F-16C from the 113th Expeditionary Fighter Squadron from the Indiana Air National Guard in Terre Haute (foreground) during Operation Northern Watch, March 10. Both planes and pilot are deployed to Incirlik Air Base, Turkey, supporting efforts to monitor the Iraqis to determine compliance with U.N. Security Council resolutions. U.S. Air Force photo by Staff Sgt. Jason W. Gamble Just Who Is Saddam Hussein? By Jim Garamone / American Forces Press Service Just who is Saddam Hussein? The Iraqi president is secretive about just about everything from his whereabouts to his methods. But some things are known. Hussein was born in Tikrit, Iraq on April 28, 1937. The city is the seat of Saladdin province northwest of the Iraqi capital of Baghdad. Tikrit is still Hussein's base. Hussein grew up in the town of Al Dawr. Visitors to the area described it as a mud-brick town on the banks of the Tigris River. More More News on Iraq Iraq's Hidden Weapons (pdf) Omissions from the Iraqi Declaration To the U.N. Security Council

74. Iraq : Government And Politics Front Page iraq government and Politics. Search external sourceshere. Amnesty International Annual Report 1999 Summation of http://i-cias.com/irq_gov.htm

Front Page Iraq : Government and Politics Search external sources here Amnesty International: Annual Report 1999 Summation of human rights abuses within the country. Frontline: The Survival of Saddam Portrait of Saddam Hussein's life and the secrets behind his leadership. Features interviews, rare photographs and Saddam's "music videos." Human Rights Watch: Iraq Has reports of human rights violations in the country, mostly in Kurdish areas. Indict.Org Group of individuals and organisations created in to bring Saddam Hussein and others in the Iraqi regime before an international tribunal to face charges of war crimes, crimes against humanity, and genocide. Iraq Interim constitution adopted in 1990. Iraq Action Coalition independent grassroots coalition dedicated to providing information on the consequences of the blockade on Iraq and to providing assistance to the Iraqi people. Iraqi Democratic Union established to show solidarity with the Iraqi people's struggle for freedom, democracy, and human rights. Iraq Foundation Human rights organization covering the political, social and economic situation under the regime of Saddam Hussein.

75. Where Iraq Fits In The War On Terror Former secretary of state Madeleine K. Albright comments on the iraq policy of the present US government, focusing on the president´s speech at the UN on September 12 2002. New York Times, US free registration required. http://www10.nytimes.com/2002/09/13/opinion/13ALBR.html

September 13, 2002 International National Politics Business ... REGISTER NOW. It's Free! Today's News Past Week Past 30 Days Past 90 Days Past Year Since 1996 Where Iraq Fits in the War on Terror By MADELEINE K. ALBRIGHT The president made a strong case for international action that results either in Iraqi compliance with its obligations or the establishment of a new and, ultimately, democratic government in Baghdad. There should be bipartisan backing for such a policy here at home, and the president wisely has chosen to solicit global support instead of attempting to go it alone. I hope, however, that the president will not be pushed by his hard-line advisers into an unwise timetable for military action. We should pick this fight at a moment that best suits our interests. And right now, our primary interest remains the thorough destruction and disruption of Al Qaeda and related terrorist networks. Earlier this week, the International Institute of Strategic Studies released a summary of Iraq's military capabilities that foreshadowed the president's words yesterday. Iraq likely has significant quantities of biological warfare agents and some chemical munitions. It is striving to acquire or develop nuclear weapons, but there is no evidence it has succeeded. It may have a dozen missiles that could be used to threaten nearby states. Saddam Hussein is the enemy we know. Since the administration of former President George H.W. Bush, each time Mr. Hussein has pushed, we have pushed back. Today, American and British planes enforce no-flight zones over 40 percent of his country and a maritime force prevents weapons from reaching Iraq by sea. Saddam Hussein's military is far weaker than it was a decade ago. And he must surely be aware that if he ever again tries to attack another country he will be obliterated. All that is grounds for calm, but not complacency.

76. Iraq : Government Information, The College Of Wooster State Department Bureau of Near Eastern Affairs. government Publications A Decadeof Central Intelligence Agency Maps of iraq, 19802000 (U. of Texas at Austin http://www.wooster.edu/Library/Gov/NewDocs/Desert.html

Government Sites Daily Washington File from the United States Information Agency State Department Bureau of Near Eastern Affairs Government Publications A Decade of Defiance and Deception (from the White House) Country Reports on Human Rights Practices also available in paper, Documents Y 4.IN 8/16-15: Central Intelligence Agency Maps of Iraq , 1980-2000 (U. of Texas at Austin) available in paper, Documents Maps PREX 3.10/4:IR 1/ The World Factbook also available in paper, Document Ref. PREX 3.15: also available on CD-ROM, Document Ref. Electronic PREX 3.15/2:996 Additional Resources Iraqi War Debate 2002 (Univ. of Michigan) Alternative Resources on the U.S.-Iraq Conflict Operation Desert Storm An understanding of the current situation in Iraq would be incomplete without the background of Operation Desert Shield/ Desert Storm in 1990-91 and of Operation Desert Strike in 1996. The following sites provide information on these earlier conflicts: Frontline : The Gulf War Gulf War Veteran Resource Pages Operation Desert Storm Debriefing Book Operation Desert Storm Homepage Sites on the Gulf War Syndrome GulfLINK : Persian Gulf War Illnesses Home Page Presidential Advisory Committee on Gulf War Veterans' Illnesses Strike in the Gulf from CNN URL: http://www.wooster.edu/Library/Gov/NewDocs/Desert.html

77. Iraq : Government Information, The College Of Wooster titles listed here can be found in paper in the government Information Department PrEx3.10N 88; iraq's nuclear weapons capability and IAEA inspections in iraq http://www.wooster.edu/Library/Gov/NewDocs/nuclear.html

Nuclear Weapons... Then and Now All titles listed here can be found in paper in the Government Information Department. The Early Years of Nuclear Weapons Development Closing the circle on the splitting of the atom, 1995 E 1.2:C 62 Fallout from nuclear weapons tests. Hearings 1959-60. Y 4.At 7/2:F 19/3/ v.1-3 For the record : a history of the nuclear test personnel review program, 1978-1993. D 15.2:N 88 "The forgotten guinea pigs" : a report on health effects, 1980. Y 4.In 8/4:G 94 Project TRINITY, 1945-1946 1982 D 15.10:6028 F Nonproliferation Treaties The Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty and nuclear nonproliferation, 1998. Y 4.G 74/9:S.HRG.105-699 Controlling the further development of nuclear weapons 1958. Y 4.F 76/2:N 88 Final review of the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty 2000. Y 4.F 76/2:S.HRG.106-262 The future of nuclear deterrence : hearing 1997. Y 4.G 74/9:S.HRG.105-159 Military aspects and implications of nuclear test ban proposals 1964. Y 4.Ar 5/3:N 88/ pt.1-2 NPT Article IV : the human dimension. AC 1.2:H 88

78. Foreign & Commonwealth Office Dossiers The full text of the assessment of the British government published on September 24 2002 pdf. In English and Arabic. http://www.fco.gov.uk/iraq/dossier

Country Profiles Africa Iraq News ... Western Balkans Shortcut Menu Careers with the FCO Country Profiles Foreign Embassies in the UK Iraq Latest News Speeches Travel Advice UK Embassies Overseas UKVisas i-uk.com Dossiers on the Iraqi Regime The UK Government published a document on 17 March 2003 outlining its vision for Iraq in the event of military action: A Vision for Iraq and the Iraqi People A report on the Number 10 website on Iraq's regime of fear and deception, released on 3 February 2003: Iraq - Its Infrastructure of Concealment, Deception and Intimidation صدا٠حسين: جرائ٠ه وانتهاكاته لحقوق الإنسان (PDF, 149K) صدا٠حسين: جرائ٠ه وانتهاكاته لحقوق الإنسان (DOC, 132K) The assessment of the British Government on Iraq's Weapons of Mass Destruction, published 24 September 2002: Iraq's Weapons of Mass Destruction: The Assessment of the British Government (PDF, 427K) أسلحة الد٠ار الشا٠ل في العراق (PDF, 491K) أسلحة الد٠ار الشا٠ل في العراق (DOC, 319K)

79. Links To Iraq - Government Politics History Economy - Irak Wirtschaft Politik Suggest a web site related to iraq Irak Recommend it! More Sites related to iraq?Search on ARAB! arab search engines. Links to iraq related web sites - Irak. http://www.arab.de/iraq.htm

Iraq Country Profile Iraq History Suggest a web site related to Iraq - Irak Recommend it! More Sites related to Iraq? Search on ARAB! Links to Iraq related web sites - Irak Iraq Info, chat, links Iraq for you Comprehensive Info about Iraq Saleh's Home Page about Iraq Iraq - A Country Study U.S. Library of Congress Country Study - Iraq Essential Info about Iraq Global Chamber of Commerce General Info about Iraq Columbus World Travel Guide Links to Iraq related sites University of Texas at Austin Links to Iraq related resources UN Reports on Human Rights in Iraq Iraq WWW Sites S. Hajeri Iraq - Consular Information Sheet Travel advisory from the US state Department Iraq Iraq Index. Interim Constitution (1990) Iraq, Axel Tschentscher Comments or suggestions? E-mail webmaster@arab.de

80. Iraq - Government - Negotiations Between Iraq And Kuwait Began At The End Of Jul iraq (government) announced its formal annexation of Kuwait, claiming that itsforces had entered Kuwait at the invitation of insurgents. iraq - government. http://www.arab.de/arabinfo/iraq-government.htm

Home page Arab Info Iraq Info Iraq History ... Links to Iraq Iraq - Government Direct negotiations between Iraq and Kuwait began at the end of July 1990, with the aim of resolving their disputes over territory and Iraqi debt. The discussions failed, however, and on 2 August Iraqi forces invaded Kuwait, taking control of the country and establishing a provisional "free government". On 8 August Iraq announced its formal annexation of Kuwait, claiming that its forces had entered Kuwait at the invitation of insurgents, who had overthrown the Kuwaiti Government. On 7 August 1990, at the request of King Fahd of Saudi Arabia, the US Government dispatched troops and aircraft to Saudi Arabia, in order to secure that country´s border with Kuwait against a possible Iraqi attack: other countries quickly lent their support to "Operation Desert Shield", as it was known, and a multinational force was formed to defend Saudi Arabia. At a meeting of the Arab League, on the day after the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait, 14 of the 21 members condemned the invasion and demanded an unconditional withdrawal by Iraq, and a week later 12 member states voted to send an Arab deterrent force to the Persian (Arabian) Gulf. However, there were widespread demonstrations of popular support for Iraq, notably among the Palestinian population of Jordan and in the Maghreb states. "Operation Desert Shield", despite being endorsed by the UN, was perceived in parts of the Arab world and elsewhere as a US-led campaign to secure US interests in the Gulf region.

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