1. Kazakhstan History Links Kazakhstan Select a Country Central Asia Afganistan Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Tajikistan Turkmenistan Uzbekistan About ICARP Search ICARP Institutes Bibliography Experts News Analysis Publications Biographies Quick Facts Glossary Add URL General http://www.eurasianet.org/resource/kazakhstan/links/history.shtml

Eurasia Insight Analysis of current affairs Deals, Developments, and Trends Environment Hazards and Solutions Expert and Observer Interviews Culture News, Book Reviews, and Photo Essays Human Rights Monitoring and Actions Recaps Summaries of Expert Meetings Election Watch Results and Analysis Discussion Forums East of Magnum An Online Photo Exhibition EurasiaNet Partners Contributing Sites Grants and Employment Opportunities in Central Eurasia Search EurasiaNet Eurasia Policy Forum Drug Policy, HIV/AIDS and the Public Health Crisis in Central Asia Caspian Revenue Watch KAZAKHSTAN HISTORY LINKS Kazakhstan History - includes historical flags, biographies, and articles. History and Archaeology from the office of the President of Kazakhstan. Kazakhstan Timeline from Kazakinfo.com.

2. Kazakhstan History - Flags, Maps, Economy, Geography, Climate, Natural Resources kazakhstan history Flags, Maps, Economy, Geography, Climate, Natural Resources, Current Issues, International Agreements, Population, Social Statistics, Political System, immigration com/ wfb2001/ kazakhstan/ kazakhstan_ history_ index. html. Source The Library of Congress Country Studies http://www.workmall.com/wfb2001/kazakhstan/kazakhstan_history_index.html

Country Ranks Introduction History Geography People Government Gov. Leaders ... [TOP] Kazakhstan History Index http://workmall.com/wfb2001/kazakhstan/kazakhstan_history_index.html Source: The Library of Congress Country Studies History Introduction Historical Setting Early Tribal Movements Forming the Modern Nation ... Sovereignty and Independence NOTE: The information regarding Kazakhstan on this page is re-published from The Library of Congress Country Studies. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Kazakhstan History information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about Kazakhstan History should be addressed to the Library of Congress. Please put this page in your BOOKMARKS - - - - - Enter your e-mail address to receive e-mail when this web site is updated. Your Internet e-mail address: http://workmall.com/wfb2001/kazakhstan/kazakhstan_history_index.html Revised 24-Jul-02 Photius Coutsoukis

3. Kazakhstan: History encyclopediaEncyclopedia—kazakhstan history. The original nomadicTurkic tribes inhabiting the region had a culture that featured http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/world/A0859103.html

Celebs, Models ,Movie Stars... Magazines From Around the World! Ladies..Never pay retail again! Facial care packs and Cosmetics at lowest prices ! All Infoplease All Almanacs General Entertainment Sports Biographies Dictionary Encyclopedia Infoplease Home Almanacs Atlas Dictionary ... Fact Monster Kids' reference Info:Daily Fun facts Homework Center Newsletter You've got info! Help Site Map Visit related sites from: Family Education Network Encyclopedia Kazakhstan History In 1916 the Kazakhs rebelled against Russian domination and were in the process of establishing a Western-style state at the time of the 1917 Bolshevik Revolution, but by 1920 the region was under the control of the Red Army. Organized as the Kirghiz Autonomous SSR in 1920, it was renamed the Kazakh Autonomous SSR in 1925 and became a constituent republic in 1936. During the Stalin era, collectivization was instituted and millions of Kazakhs were forced to resettle in the region's south in order to strengthen Russian rule. In the early 1960s parts of republic saw extensive agricultural development as the Virgin Lands Territory Kazakhstan declared its independence from the Soviet Union on Dec. 16, 1991. Nursultan

4. Kazakhstan: History History, Kazakhstan. In the Bronze Age (about 2000 BC), the territory of Kazakhstanwas inhabited by tribes who lived by farming and raising livestock. http://gbgm-umc.org/country_profiles/country_history.cfm?Id=60

5. Kazakhstan: History kazakhstan history. The original nomadic Turkic tribes inhabiting the region hada culture that featured the Central Asian epics, ritual songs, and legends. http://www.slider.com/enc/28000/Kazakhstan_History.htm

win win win Home Encyclopeadia K Kan - Kar ... Rope Ladders Trellian WebPage Slider Search: The Web Encyclopaedia Shopping Index Help Encyclopaedia Kazakhstan: History The original nomadic Turkic tribes inhabiting the region had a culture that featured the Central Asian epics, ritual songs, and legends. These Kazakh groups were conquered by the Mongols in the 13th century and ruled by various khanates until the Russian conquest (1730-1840). The 19th century saw the growth of the Kazakh intelligentsia. A written literature strongly influenced by Russian culture was then developed. In 1916 the Kazakhs rebelled against Russian domination and were in the process of establishing a Western-style state at the time of the 1917 Bolshevik Revolution. Organized as the Kirghiz Autonomous SSR in 1920, it was renamed the Kazakh Autonomous SSR in 1925 and became a constituent republic in 1936. During the Stalin era, collectivization was instituted and millions of Kazakhs were forced to resettle in the south in order to strengthen Russian rule. Kazakhstan declared its independence from the Soviet Union on Dec. 16, 1991. Nursultan Nazarbayev became the country's first president and soon began a gradual movement toward privatization of the economy. Kazakhstan is a member of the

6. Kazakhstan Vacation Guide: Romantic Kazakhstan Vacations, Honeymoons, Cruises. kazakhstan history. During the 1950s and 1960s Soviet citizens were urgedto help settle the New Lands of the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic. http://www.asiavacationguide.com/travel/Kazakhstan_History.html

The sophisticated travelers Kazakhstan vacation connection. Kazakhstan Vacation Guide: Romantic Kazakhstan Vacations TravelWizard.Com Travel And Cruise Consultants: Kazakhstan Vacations Click here for our Full Service, Custom Luxury Vacation Planner Click here for Full Service, Custom Luxury Cruise Planner Click here if you'd prefer to book you r ... own discount airline tickets, car rental, hotel or vacation packages with our easy to use real time self booking engine. Note! This is the most highly recommended self booking engine on the Internet. Travel Guides Africa Vacations Asia Vacations Australian Vacations Canada Vacations ... Bookmark this page Kazakhstan: History During the 1950s and 1960s Soviet citizens were urged to help settle the "New Lands" of the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic. The influx of immigrants (mostly Russians, but including some deported minority nationalities) skewed the ethnic mixture and enabled non-Kazakhs to outnumber natives. Independence has caused many of these newcomers to emigrate. Current issues include: resolving ethnic differences; speeding up market reforms; establishing stable relations with Russia, China, and other foreign powers; and developing and expanding the country's abundant energy resources. Overview History Culture Geography ... Practical Info Other Places in

7. Kazakhstan History kazakhstan history Last updated in April 2002 6th century. Havingbeen settled since the palaeolithic era, the Kazakhstan of today http://www.auswaertiges-amt.de/www/en/laenderinfos/laender/laender_ausgabe_html?

8. History Of Kazakhstan History of Kazakhstan. Britannica.com kazakhstan history A lengthyencyclopedic history from Britannica.com. Use the outline below http://history1900s.about.com/library/world/blxkazakhstan.htm

zfp=-1 About History 20th Century History Search in this topic on About on the Web in Products Web Hosting in partnership with 20th Century History with Jennifer Rosenberg Your Guide to one of hundreds of sites Home Articles Forums ... Help zmhp('style="color:#fff"') This Week's Articles tod('tih'); Today in History Daily Quiz tod('pod'); Picture of the Day Special Subscription Offers Subscribe Now Choose One: Subscribe Customer Service Subjects Major Events Maps People Photographs ... All articles on this topic Stay up-to-date! Subscribe to our newsletter. Advertising Free Credit Report Free Psychics Advertisement History of Kazakhstan Britannica.com: Kazakhstan History A lengthy encyclopedic history from Britannica.com. Use the outline below the article to navigate through the complete text of this extensive encyclopedia entry. Country Study: Kazakhstan This comprehensive book-length information from the Library of Congress includes an entire chapter (chapter one) of history of the country. Flags of the World: Kazakhstan Information, images, and available history of the current and past flags of the country. Geography and Maps of Kazakhstan A plethora of geographical information and online maps from the About Geography site.

9. Kazakhstan: History Back to Fact Monster, this page was printed from Factmonster.com www.factmonster.com/ce6/world/A0859103.html.encyclopediaEncyclopedia—kazakhstan history. http://print.factmonster.com/ce6/world/A0859103.html

document.write('Print Now!'); this page was printed from Factmonster.com www.factmonster.com/ce6/world/A0859103.html Encyclopedia Kazakhstan History In 1916 the Kazakhs rebelled against Russian domination and were in the process of establishing a Western-style state at the time of the 1917 Bolshevik Revolution, but by 1920 the region was under the control of the Red Army. Organized as the Kirghiz Autonomous SSR in 1920, it was renamed the Kazakh Autonomous SSR in 1925 and became a constituent republic in 1936. During the Stalin era, collectivization was instituted and millions of Kazakhs were forced to resettle in the region's south in order to strengthen Russian rule. In the early 1960s parts of republic saw extensive agricultural development as the Virgin Lands Territory Kazakhstan declared its independence from the Soviet Union on Dec. 16, 1991. Nursultan Nazarbayev became the country's first president and soon began a gradual movement toward privatization of the economy. In 1994, Kazakhstan signed a series of security agreements with the United States, in which the latter would take control of enriched uranium usable for nuclear weapons and aid Kazakhstan in removing extant nuclear weapons, closing missile silos, converting biological-weapons-production centers, and destroying its nuclear test ranges. These projects were financed by the United States, and many had been completed by late 1999. Elections in 1994 gave a parliamentary majority to allies of Nazarbayev, but they resisted his reform plans. In Apr., 1995, after the 1994 election results were dismissed as invalid by the constitutional court, he suspended parliament and ruled by decree. New elections in Dec., 1995, gave his allies a majority in parliament but were criticized by the opposition and others as flawed. On the basis of referendums held in 1995 and 1996 that were denounced by the opposition, Nazarbayev's term in office was extended to the year 2000 and his powers were increased. In an election rescheduled to Jan., 1999, Nazarbayev was reelected after disqualifying the major opposition candidate.

10. ALMISBAH: Regions, Nations And Peoples: Particular Regions: Turkic Peoples Of Mi ALMISBAH Regions, Nations and Peoples Particular Regions TurkicPeoples of Middle Asia kazakhstan history, Politics (WWW), 1 http://ssgdoc.bibliothek.uni-halle.de/vlib/ssgfi/subject/almisbah_ssg0302080403_

ALMISBAH: Regions, Nations and Peoples: Particular Regions: Turkic Peoples of Middle Asia: Kazakhstan: History, Politics (WWW) 1. Electionworld : Elections around the world Source Type Virtual Libraries, Internet Directories and Link Lists URL http://www.electionworld.org/ Keywords politics; elections; political parties; directories; Afghanistan; Saudi Arabia; Kuwait; Qatar; United Arab Emirates; Oman; Bahrain; Iraq; Syria; Lebanon; Jordan; Mauritania; Algeria; Libya; Egypt; Sudan; Cyprus; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Djibouti; Somalia; Iran; Tajikistan; Turkey; Armenia; Georgia; Azerbaijan; Uzbekistan; Turkmenistan; Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan DETAILS Contents Clarity Index Links Source Type Single Articles / Books URL http://66.186.195.249/book/IEI/index.html Keywords online publications; Kazakhstan; religion; history; politics; muslims; islam DETAILS Contents Clarity Index Links SSG-FI Home ALMISBAH Source Type Subject This document created using allegro-C V20

11. Republic Of Kazakhstan History of Kazakhstan. More information can be found on the site OfficialKazakhstan. Mesolith, Neolith, XII III millennia BC Formation http://missions.itu.int/~kazaks/eng/kazak02.htm

NEWS DIARY DOCUMENTS CONSULAR/VISA KAZAKHSTAN General information History Legislation Government ... NEWS ARCHIVE History of Kazakhstan More information can be found on the site Official Kazakhstan Mesolith, Neolith, XII - III millennia BC Formation of a cultural community. The borders enclosed Kazakhstan, steppe areas of West Siberia, the Altai, northern areas of Central Asia. A tribal community, formation of tribes and tribal alliances. Hunting, fishing, rudiments of mining, weaving. Ever increasing settled mode of life of the population as the climate gets more damp and warm. Primeval faiths. Late IV - early III millennia BC. Eneolith. Judging from the examination of 200 ancient sites of settlements of the Stone Age - transition to Eneolith on a local basis as a result of development of production forces. The population was ready to go over to cattle-breeding as the climatic conditions become more favourable for horse-breeding. Close ties between the cultures of Central Kazakhstan, Siberia, Urals and Central Asia. Cattle-breeding, horse-breeding, woodworking, bone carving, fishing, hunting, collecting eatables. Bronze Age. IInd millennium BC

12. Carnegie Museum Of Natural History Anthropology Since 1993, the Carnegie Museum of Natural History has been collaborating with theUniversity of North Kazakhstan and the North kazakhstan history Museum in http://www.carnegiemuseums.org/cmnh/anthro/olsen_prehistory.html

PREHISTORY OF KAZAKHSTAN The site of Botai with pithouse depressions clearly visible on the ground surface. Sandra L. Olsen Section of Anthropology Carnegie Museum of Natural History Since 1993, the Carnegie Museum of Natural History has been collaborating with the University of North Kazakhstan and the North Kazakhstan History Museum in the investigation of an eneolithic (3600-2300 B.C.) settlement known as Botai. The Botai culture is known by three large sites, the eponymous settlement of Botai, Krasnyi Yar, and Vasilkovka. The site of Botai is located on the Iman-Burluk River, a tributary of the Ishim, in Kokshetav Oblast. The settlement has at least 153 pithouses, but part of the site has been cut away by the steeply eroding river bank. The Carnegie Museum has been involved in excavating one pithouse and one large midden and their surrounds. Dog burial in a small pit adjacent to the house excavated by our team. The economy of the Botai people depended almost solely on horses. Most were probably the wild species

13. Kirghiz ASSR, 1917-1926 Kazakhstan 1926-1945 Kazakhstan 1945- Reference Kazakhstan Virtual Library Kazakhstan, from ICARP, has a short sectionon history; further links on kazakhstan history from Eurasianet; further http://stabi.hs-bremerhaven.de/whkmla/region/centrasia/xkazakhstan.html

First posted on June 1st 2002; last revised on February 12th 2003 Kirghiz ASSR, 1917-1926 Kazakhstan 1926-1945 Kazakhstan 1945-1991 Kazakhstan independent, since 1991 EXTERNAL FILES CIA World Factbook Kazakhstan ; BBC Country Profile : Kazakhstan ; World Desk Reference : Kazakhstan Virtual Library : Kazakhstan , from ICARP, has a short section on history; further links on Kazakhstan history from Eurasianet ; further links on Kazakhstan from oxuscom ; from Kazakhstan Online Library of Congress Country Studies : Kazakhstan Timeline Kazakhstan, from BBC News ; from timelines.ws ; Major Events relevant to Central Asian History since 1600 , from oxuscom Chronology of Catholic Dioceses : Kazakhstan, from Kirken i Norge History of Kazakhstan, from www.kz , from Parasang , from Heritage Films ; from Times of Central Asia Political Resources on the Net : Kazakhstan For the Record 2000 : Kazakhstan , from UN Human Rights System Languages of Kazakhstan (6), from Ethnologue Wars of Kazakhstan 1800-1999, from ACED Global Currency History : Kazakhstan DOCUMENTS Flag, from

14. Kazakhstan On The Net Main Page. Welcome to kazakhstan history. Common history. The history of the Republicof Kazakhstan Astana. History and archeologic museums. PetroArt.com. http://www.kazinfo.kz/doc/kazakhstan/History.htm

Welcome to Kazakhstan History Common history Kazakh history The history of kyrgyzs The history of the Republic of Kazakhstan - Astana History and archeologic museums PetroArt.com Memorials, history and study of the local lore, archeological museums Shymkent regional history and study of local lore museum: Archeology Department Study of the local lore Unknown Turksib

15. The World Bank Group In Kazakhstan of projects funded by the World Bank Group. Languages English, Russian.......History, structure, and overview of the World Bank activities in Kazakhstan. http://www.worldbank.kz/

16. History Of Kazakhstan - Wikipedia History of Kazakhstan. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. BackgroundDuring the 1950s and 1960s Soviet citizens were urged to http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Kazakhstan

Main Page Recent changes Edit this page Older versions Special pages Set my user preferences My watchlist Recently updated pages Upload image files Image list Registered users Site statistics Random article Orphaned articles Orphaned images Popular articles Most wanted articles Short articles Long articles Newly created articles Interlanguage links All pages by title Blocked IP addresses Maintenance page External book sources Printable version Talk Log in Help History of Kazakhstan From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Background: During the 1950s and 1960s Soviet citizens were urged to help settle the "New Lands" of the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic. The influx of immigrants (mostly Russians, but including some deported minority nationalities) skewed the ethnic mixture and enabled non-Kazakhs to outnumber natives. Independence has caused many of these newcomers to emigrate. Current issues include: resolving ethnic differences; speeding up market reforms; establishing stable relations with Russia, China, and other foreign powers; and developing and expanding the country's abundant energy resources. See also : Kazakhstan Abai Kunanbaev Edit this page Discuss this page ... Recent changes It was last modified 06:59 Jan 27, 2003. All text is available under the terms of the

17. George J Demko Russian Colonization Of Kazakhstan European History Asian / Middl of Kazakhstan European history Asian / Middle Eastern history Colonization independenceAnthropology Language Linguistics Russia kazakhstan history (Asia). http://www.books-2buy.co.uk/George-J-Demko-Russian-Colonization-of-K-0700708995.

Title: Russian Colonization of Kazakhstan Author: George J Demko Neal Robinson Islam... Leif O Manger Muslim Diversity... Pham Van Bich Vietnamese Famil... Niels Brimnes Constructing the... ... Obermeier Siegfried Don Juan ...

18. World Partners Adoption, Inc. Links Page Kazakh School Website and newsletter to help adoptive parents learnabout kazakhstan history, culture, food, traditions, etc. http://www.worldpartnersadoption.org/links.html

Links Just close the window and you will be taken right back to our site! Kazakhstan Related Links: Quick Facts about Kazakhstan - This website gives general information about the country of Kazakstan, from geography, culture, religion, government, and much more!! This is a great website to learn more about the country you are adopting from!! Kazakhs - People, culture, history, land, nation. Almaty Facts - Lots of information on shopping, cultural venues, etc. Kazakhstan Online - Gives cultural information, economic information, history, tourism, and sports. Find out the weather in the city you are adopting from, learn about holidays, sightseeing, and the government. Hear the Kazakhstan National Anthem! - Learn about the culture, geography, and economic growth of this beautiful country and it's people. The Kazakhstan Presidential Website Visit the Official Kazakhstan Presidential Website and read a message from the President of Kazakhstan.

19. Www.herald.kz - Culture - Details of Kazakhstan. XX century greeting the audience told that the XXcentury takes a special place in kazakhstan history. As bright http://www.herald.kz/culture/18.htm

Culture News Let the culture enter our mode of life by Svetlana Ufimtseva and Sayara Ma-Shan-Lo Chevron Texaco presented cultorological projects "The fine arts of Kazakhstan. XX century" and " The Decorative arts of Kazakhstan. XX century" albums. The albums represent the result of arts development in Kazakhstan. The authors of the albums shortly describe stage-by-stage growth of national arts. 11 sections represent 17 types of applied arts. The albums are published in three languages: Russian, English and Kazakh. he Fine Arts of Kazakhstan. XX century." is an album dedicated to the history of fine arts of the country and was firstly published at the end of 2001. It includes about 300 colourful illustrations of more than 200 authors. The album presents not only fine art illustrations but also tells about the authors' destinies. The album is divided into chapters, which reflect historical periods of the state. "The Decorative arts of Kazakhstan XX century" album was firstly introduced to public in November, 2002. It is the first edition of Kazakhstan where there are collected different creative expositions of applied artists, who made unique works in different directions of decorative arts. The album includes more than 500 illustrated works of more than 120 famous talented Kazakhstan authors who try to analyze the cultural development of the country. These albums are continuation of the project "Arts of Kazakhstan". This year was the second time when the albums were presented. The author of the project Andrey Vishnyakov said that they did not plan to produce the next edition but the first experience of albums production demonstrated people's interest in development of culture in Kazakhstan.

20. History Of Kazakhstan An ancient land of the Kazakhs. In 1991, new country the Republic of kazakhstan - appeared on the geopolitical map of the world. kazakhstan has a multi-millennia history and culture. http://www.kz/eng/history/hist1.html

An ancient land of the Kazakhs. In 1991, new country - the Republic of Kazakhstan - appeared on the geopolitical map of the world. Kazakhstan has a multi-millennia history and culture. One of the central question is the origin of it's native people, Kazakhs, and the development of their statehood, culture, traditions, and relations with other civilisations. If written sourses are examined, it can be concluded that the Kazakh statehood was completely formed by 1470 when sultans Janibek and Girey organised numerous tribes in the south-eastern areas and combined them into a single 'Kazakh' tribe. In the beginning ot the 16th century, when Kasymkhan ruled over these lands, the Kazakh khanate strengthened: its borders were expanded and the khanate included the cities of Turkestan, Otrar, Sairam, Sauran, Sygnak, Suzak and Chimkent which were located on the Syr Darya river. Kazakhs became well-known both in Europe and Asia. The 16th century is a milestone in the Muslim world history. This was the time when a new age began. V. Bartold, an outstanding orientalist, wrote: "In the new history of Islam, the pace of changing dynasties, the general instability of power, and small states where no patriotism could exist came to there opposite - uniting of states which took place there. We see the Muslim empire of Great Mogul in India, then Turkey, Persia...". That was the approximate time when the Kazakh, Bukhar, and Yarken khanates were established in Central Asia. Kazakhs, Uzbeks, Kyrgyzes, and Karakalpaks, all speaking Turkic languages, claimed their rights in the historic arena.

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