21. Summary For Specific Topic Searching First Previous Next Last Index Text. Slide 27 of 47. http://www.laplaza.org/about_lap/kellogg/Search1/sld027.htm

22. Summary For Specific Topic Searching Summary for specific topic searching. For good results use 2 or 3 searchterms, or use exact phrases whenever possible. Use customized http://www.laplaza.org/about_lap/kellogg/Search1/tsld027.htm

Summary for Specific topic Searching For good results use 2 or 3 search terms, or use exact phrases whenever possible Use customized search features to limit or expand your search Use the Help Pages or Search Tips that provide useful examples Check the relevancy ratings %’s Previous slide Next slide Back to first slide View graphic version

23. AskScott - Searching For Information On A Topic as board games - public libraries - theme parks, specific names Such as - Scrabble- Dallas Public Library - Six Flags over Texas. Multi-concept topic Such as http://www.askscott.com/topic.html

If you want information on a person, company, or other specific name (a proper noun), you'll want the Specific names. If you're working on a paper, you'll probably want Multi-concept issues If you're just trying to find out something quickly, the Factual questions should help you. General categories is a good default choice. What kind of topic do you have in mind? General categories Such as: - board games - public libraries - theme parks Specific names Such as: - Scrabble - Dallas Public Library - Six Flags over Texas Multi-concept topic Such as: - Reviews of boardgames - History of the public library - Accidents at theme parks Factual questions Such as: - When was Scrabble created? - How many books in a library? - What's the gate cost for Disney? If you are not sure, you might want to browse a web directory If this doesn't help, you can either go

24. AskScott - Searching On A Specific Name When searching for a specific name, take advantage of phrase seaching by putting your topic in quotes with appropriate capitalization. http://www.askscott.com/specific.html

This technique of phrase searching works only with search tools that index every word on the page and that allow this type of searching. As long as you can put in search terms that have one meaning, you can easily find all the pages about that name. However, if your search term has other meanings, the searching can be more difficult. Google is used by some people for many different searches. As it indexes every word, it can be a very frustrating tool to use if your search isn't specific. Searching on a specific name When searching for a specific name, take advantage of "phrase seaching " by putting your topic in quotes with appropriate capitalization. (for example: "Six Flags over Texas") or Find this: If this returns no results, then remove the quotes or alter the phrase. If this returns too many results, then use the - (minus sign) before an aspect of the returned pages that you aren't interested in. (for example, "Texas Rangers" -baseball will find pages with the phrase Texas Rangers but without the term baseball) If this doesn't help, you can either go

25. Refining A Topic, Guide To Library Research For more information, consult Electronic searching can give you some ideas for narrowinga topic. geographical locations, material types, or specific aspects of http://www.lib.duke.edu/libguide/refining.htm

Duke Libraries Guide to Library Research Site Map Part 3: Refining a Topic REFINING A TOPIC Introduction Narrowing a Topic Broadening a Topic INTRODUCTION Once you have found some background information , you can refine your broad research topic into a narrow, focused topic . The sooner you can develop a broad subject into a focused topic, the sooner you can shape your research into a finished paper. On the other hand, if your subject is too focused or detailed , you may have a hard time finding enough sources to write an acceptable paper. In this case, to need to broaden your topic If you need assistance refining your topic, please consult any reference librarian NARROWING A TOPIC A topic that covers too much material is a common problem for students. Depending on your interests, a general topic can be focused in many ways. For example, if you want to do a paper on government funding of the arts, consider the following questions: What do you already know about this subject? Is there a specific time period you want to cover?

26. Choosing A Topic, Guide To Library Research like general encyclopedias, subjectspecific encyclopedias or concepts, and keywordsthat describe your topic. become the key for searching catalogs, indexes http://www.lib.duke.edu/libguide/choosing.htm

Duke Libraries Guide to Library Research Site Map Part 1: Choosing a Topic CHOOSING A TOPIC What are you going to research? Sometimes choosing a topic is the biggest hurdle in doing research. Your instructor may assign a general or specific topic, or the choice may be up to you. Knowing where to look for ideas will help you find an interesting subject. Where can you get ideas? Your interests , the things you have been reading, and conversations you have had in class or with others are often good sources of ideas. Sources of background information like general encyclopedias, subject-specific encyclopedias or dictionaries, or textbooks can be sources of ideas. Current periodicals may give you an idea of hot research topics. Look through some recent issues of journals or magazines in the Current Periodicals collection in Perkins Library. Browsing the shelves in the library is also a good way to get an idea of topics which have intrigued authors. Consult this general browsing guide to find out where books on a general subject are shelved. Since books at Duke are shelved together by topic, once you have identified the

27. Searching Skills you will have a better idea of what keywords you could use for efficient searchingand you can than get more specific information about your topic. http://www.tulane.edu/~html/skills.htm

Walk-In Workshops TULANet Voyager The Internet Menu of Cooperative Instruction Options for Faculty Evaluating Web Sites ... Help Screens Searching Skills Use these steps to develop your searching skills for research online and in the library. Define Your Topic Describe the main idea of your topic in one sentence and then pick from it important keywords. Sample Sentence : The actions of Dr. Kevorkian have prompted a debate about morality and ethics with regard to euthanasia, or assisted suicide, and the right to die. Sample Keywords : Kevorkian, morality, ethics, euthanasia, assisted suicide, right to die Develop a Strategy 1. Spend a few minutes thinking about alternate keywords you could use to search for your topic. The easiest alternatives to come up with are synonyms of the original keywords you picked. 2. Think about what kind of information you want to get. Do you want more general information first, and then move to the more specific? HINT It's good to get general background information first to better understand your subject. Once you have a good understanding, you will have a better idea of what keywords you could use for efficient searching and you can than get more specific information about your topic. Some online indexes cover a wide variety of topics while others focus on specific topics. When your are beginning your research, you may want to choose a general database or printed reference works to find background information on your topic.

28. Focused Crawling: The Quest For Topic-specific Portals information, tailored to the needs of specific communities interesting the page is,given the topic of the How can surfing, searching and bookmarking actions of http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/~soumen/focus/

T WO FORCES are shaping the future of the web away from generic portals to specific portholes - search and directory sites that are targeted to web-mature audiences interested in deep, high-quality information on specific subjects, sites that trawl for the needles and leave the haystacks alone. One force is the exploding volume of web publication. The major web crawlers harness dozens of powerful processors and hundreds of gigabytes of storage using superbly crafted software, and yet cover 30-40% of the web. Scaling up the operation may be feasible, but useless. Already, the sheer diversity of content at a generic search site snares all but the most crafty queries in irrelevant results. The second force is the growing mass of savvy users who use the web for serious research. Although keyword search and directory browsing are still essential services, these are no longer sufficient for their needs. They need tools for ad-hoc search, profile-based background search, find-similar search, classification, and clustering of dynamic views of a narrow section of the web. There is growing consensus that small is beautiful: as the web grows, a large number of portals, each of which specializes deeply in a topical area, will be preferable to universal, one-size-fits-all search portals. The following recent articles bear testimony to this imminent trend.

29. Soumen Chakrabarti (Local copy.); Keyword searching and Browsing in Databases using BANKS. In WWW 1999.Focused crawling A new approach to topicspecific Web resource discovery. http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/~soumen/

Soumen Chakrabarti Assistant Professor Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Cartoon by Panjwani Memex ... Talks NEW! Book NEW! Downloads Contact information I am SOUMEN CHAKRABARTI, anagram for ANARCHISM OUTBREAK, a faculty member in the Department of Computer Science. The best way to contact me is to send mail to (please note that I am on a low-spam diet ). Or you can call me at +91-22-2576-7716 or fax me at +91-22-2572-0290. Please use only email to initiate a conversation with me if we haven't communicated before, unless it is an emergency. If you are a student looking for a project send mail to cfiir[at]cse.iitb.ac.in , not me. If you are from industry looking for consultation , please read the section titled "CONSULTATIVE PRACTICE RULES AND NORMS (1996)" herein This page is lazily mirrored at IITB and UC Berkeley . The IITB version is usually up-to-date. Education and career Don Bosco School, Park Circus, Calcutta Alumni Association Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur University of California, Berkeley ... IBM Almaden Research Center Research interests My Ph.D. thesis

30. Second Generation Searching On The Web When you are looking for a specific site or targeted topic and want natural languagesearch, truncation, case sensitivity and field searching; Ixquick sends http://library.albany.edu/internet/second.html

Back to Internet Tutorials Second Generation Searching on the Web Updated: 14 March 2003 This tutorial covers some of the newer search engine services on the Web. It includes a group of search services that make use of technology that organizes search results by peer ranking, or clusters results by concept, site or domain. This is in contrast to the more long-standing method of term relevancy ranking. This newer type of ranking often looks at "off the page" information to determine the retrieval and order of your search results. Search engines that employ this alternative may be thought of as second generation search services. For example: Google ranks by the number of links from pages ranked high by the service Guidebeam organizes results by keyword and/or concept Here are a few of the trends to watch with second-generation services: The human element: concept processing. Second generation services such as Ask Jeeves and SurfWax apply different kinds of concept processing to a search statement to determine the probable intent of a search. This is often accomplished by the use of human generated indexes. With these services, the burden of coming up with precise or extensive terminology is shifted from the user to the engine. These services are therefore taking on the role of thesauri. The human element: horizontal presentation of results.

31. Teaching With Technology Before having students work on a project that involves Internet searching,try identifying topicspecific search tools and sites. http://teacher.scholastic.com/technology/tutor/websearch.htm

Web Search 1 Web Search 2 WebQuests CyberHunts Classport ... Tom Snyder Professional Resources Tech Tutor Web Searches Looking for strategies to search the Web for the content you want? These Web lessons from Tom Snyder Productions are designed for the beginning Web user. SPECIALIZED SEARCHES It will certainly help some students when working on research to know they can "specialize" their search. This approach, though, is probably most helpful for the teacher who is struggling with the huge amounts of time traditional searches seem to take. Before having students work on a project that involves Internet searching, try identifying topic-specific search tools and sites. Have students use these as starting points. Better yet, create your own list of topic-specific tools and sites. You're going to be doing an interdisciplinary unit with some other teachers at your school. The unifying theme will be the environment. You need to gather some Web resources, and you want to rely on others who have already put together lists of environmental resources on the Web. Find one or two topic-specific lists.

32. Searching HealthSTAR Subject searching. HealthSTAR uses Medical Subject Headings (MeSH),a specific list of terms, to arrange journal articles by topic. http://www.medlib.iupui.edu/ref/hlth.html

HEALTHSTAR About HealthSTAR HealthSTAR contains citations to the published literature, from 1975 to the present, on Health Services, Technology, Administration and Research. It focuses on both the clinical and nonclinical aspects of health care delivery. The database contains citations and abstracts when available to journal articles, monographs, technical reports, meeting abstracts and papers, book chapters, government documents and newspaper articles. HealthSTAR is produced cooperatively by the National Library of Medicine and the American Hospital Association. Searching HealthSTAR The most commonly used search commands in HealthSTAR are subject textword/keyword , and author Subject Searching HealthSTAR uses Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), a specific list of terms, to arrange journal articles by topic. OVID software will usually offer you a choice of several MeSH terms related to your topic. Always try to use the most specific MeSH term you can find. Mapping This screen only appears when your term has more than one possible subject heading match. Mapping is the process used by HealthSTAR to match the word or phrase you enter to existing MeSH terms. You may choose one of the terms listed, or switch to a Textword or Keyword search.

33. Searching CancerLit Subject searching. CancerLit uses Medical Subject Headings (MeSH),a specific list of terms, to arrange journal articles by topic. http://www.medlib.iupui.edu/ref/canr.html

CANCERLIT About CancerLit CancerLit covers all aspects of cancer therapy and research. Information in CancerLit is derived from the MEDLINE database, as well as from proceedings of meetings, government reports, symposia reports, and selected monographs. CancerLit is produced by the National Cancer Institute. Searching CancerLit There are several interfaces available for searching CancerLit; Telnet (text only, no graphics), Windows and World Wide Web (WWW). This guide provides an overview of the Medline database. Commands may differ between interfaces. Use this guide with the Windows WWW , or Telnet Quick Guide for instructions specific to the method you are using. The most commonly used search commands in CancerLit are subject textword/keyword , and author Subject Searching CancerLit uses Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), a specific list of terms, to arrange journal articles by topic. OVID software will usually offer you a choice of several MeSH terms related to your topic. Always try to use the most specific MeSH term you can find. Mapping This screen only appears when your term has more than one possible subject heading match. Mapping is the process used by CancerLit to match the word or phrase you enter to existing MeSH terms. You may choose one of the terms listed, or switch to a

34. Welcome To BrightPlanet Practical steps to improve the quality of your Internet search results.Category Computers Internet searching Help and Tutorials...... It is divided into two sections searching with Internet Provided Resources and whyit's important, and provide a pointer to the specific topic number in the http://www.brightplanet.com/deepcontent/tutorials/search/index.asp

CALL FOR YOUR FREE DEMO PROUD MEMBER OF SPECIAL LIBRARIES ASSOCIATION AND SOCIETY OF COMPETITIVE INTELLIGENCE PROFESSIONALS Home Index Next Guide to Effective Searching of the Internet Section 1: Searching with Internet Provided Resources Your ability to find the information you seek on the Internet is a function of how precise your queries are and how effectively you use search services. Poor queries return poor results; good queries return great results. Contrary to the hype surrounding "intelligent agents" and "artificial intelligence," the fact remains that search results are only as good as the query you pose and how you search. There is no silver bullet. There are very effective ways to "structure" a query and use special operators to target the results you seek. Absent these techniques, you will spend endless hours looking at useless documents that do not contain the information you want. Or you will give up in frustration after search-click-download-reviewing long lists of documents before you find what you want. This tutorial is organized to proceed from the basics to more advanced topics. It is divided into two sections: "Searching with Internet Provided Resources" and "Using a Powerful Desktop Resource: LexiBot

35. CUBIC Links General_1:Introductions,Search_engines,Central_sites indices; Starting Point WWW searching. People on the net Ahoy Addresses;IAF Internet Address Finder. topic specific WWW searches BioHunt http://www.ibt.unam.mx/paginas/lorenzo/predictprotein/doc/links_gen1.html

CUBIC TOC Previous Next ... Software Contents: General_1: Introductions, Search engines, Central sites Introductions to the World Wide Web WWW search engines General Lists of search engines ... Gold mines General_1: Introductions, Search engines, Central sites Introductions to the World Wide Web overview internet : Una Smith, Yale, USA: 'A biologist's guide to internet resources'. Comprehensive overview and introduction to the world wide web tailored to the interests of biologists. overview WWW : Overview over World Wide Web basics. Provides very general detailed information for those who have used the web before and need specific information and those who just want to quickly go through some of the Web terminology. browsers : Links to various WWW browsers (programs to access the Web) and 'plug-ins' (modules adding functionality to your browser, e.g., display of protein 3D structures) dictionary computing : Free On-Line Dictionary of Computing is a searchable dictionary of acronyms, jargon, programming languages, tools etc. to do with computing. WWW search engines TOP General Lists of search engines Other search engines and indices ... Topic specific WWW searches General : general search engine MetaCrawler : general search engine Alta Vista : general search engine Lycos : general search engine Inktomi : general search engine Excite : general search engine HotBot : general search engine Infoseek : general search engine NetSearch : general search engine People : Subject oriented searching (e.g. Information servers, Software, People).

36. Searching For The Synthesis Or Reactions Of Specific Compounds Or Classes Of Com desired modifications to occur only at specific points on possible to do graphicalreaction searching in Gmelin of HoubenWeyl on the topic of Stereoselective http://www.indiana.edu/~cheminfo/C471/471csri.html

16. Searching for the Synthesis or Reactions of Specific Compounds or Classes of Compounds (Reaction Chemistry) C471 Lecture Updated: 20 November 2002 I. Introduction. Reaction chemists are interested in a variety of information when planning a synthesis. That may include the conditions under which the reaction is to occur, the starting materials and reagents, catalysts, reaction sites, yields, products, by-products, functional group transformations, bonding changes, and mechanisms of the reactions. [A reaction MECHANISM is "a detailed description of a particular reactant to product path, together with information pertaining to intermediates, transition states, stereochemistry, the rate-limiting step, electronic excitation and transfer, and the presence of any loose or intimate electron ion pairs." (Ash, 1985)] A combination of some or all of these concepts may provide a path to the needed information, depending on the secondary source that is used. Once a compound has been synthesized, a variety of analytical and physical property techniques may be used to verify that the correct substance has been made. One way to search for reaction information is by the name of the reaction. That may be a more general name, such as a substitution reaction, or it may be an eponym from the name of the chemists(s) who first developed the synthetic method, such as the Curtius Rearrangement Reaction. Other search systems have developed around codes for various key features in the reaction.

37. Searching For The Synthesis Or Reactions Of Specific Compounds Or Classes Of Com power of Beilstein CrossFire for reaction searching is in the modifications to occuronly at specific points on of HoubenWeyl on the topic of Stereoselective http://www.indiana.edu/~cheminfo/400lec11.html

Searching for the Synthesis or Reactions of Specific Compounds or Classes of Compounds (Reaction Chemistry) C400 Lecture 11 Updated: 29 September 1996 In the text below, the following symbols indicate that we either have the item being discussed, or we have an account which will permit us to access the resource for a fee: ++ have the complete work +- have the work, but it is incomplete (e.g., a serial work may have been canceled at some point) +$ have access to the work, but it costs money to search the database: see one of the librarians 11.1. Introduction. Reaction chemists are interested in a variety of things when planning a synthesis. The conditions under which the reaction occurs, the starting materials and reagents, catalysts, reaction sites, mechanisms of the reactions, yields, products, by-products, functional group transformations, and the bonding changes are among the items that may be of interest in a search for reaction information. A combination of some or all of these concepts may provide a path to the needed information, depending on the secondary source that is used. Once a compound has been synthesized, a variety of analytical and physical property techniques may be used to verify that the substance is actually what was intended to be made. One way to search for reaction information is by the name of the reaction. That may be a more general name, such as a substitution reaction, or it may be an eponym from the name of the chemists(s) who first developed the synthetic method, such as the Curtius Rearrangement reaction. Other search systems have developed around codes for various key features in the reaction.

38. Arbor Nutrition Guide: Complete Topic Listing Note What follows is a complete list of topic headings in the search engines Cancersearching Specialised medical searching searching specific sites MEDLINE http://arborcom.com/frame/topics.htm

TOPICS: COMPLETE LIST MAIN CATEGORIES: HOME PAGES SEARCHING APPLIED CLINICAL ... Return to instructions page Note: What follows is a complete list of topic headings in the Arbor Nutrition Guide When you are done, use the ICON BUTTONS at the very top of the screen to go to the material we have on those topics. HOME PAGES Government and nutrition Australia North America US Department of Agriculture (USDA) US Department of Health and Human Services Other US and state government nutrition Canadian government nutrition Other countries International Nutrition in Hospital settings Mailing lists, news groups Nutrition at University Lists of nutrition, food science departments Individual nutrition, food science departments in: Australia Europe Asia Canada USA Other Other non-university tertiary institutions Other nutrition organisations Lists of other organisations International Australia North America Other countries In Other Languages Spanish German Other languages Return to top SEARCHING General subjects Medicine, Medline General medical search engines Cancer searching Specialised medical searching Searching specific sites MEDLINE MEDICAL MATRIX Nutrition subjects General nutrition searching Miscellaneous and specific nutrition-related searching Lists of nutrition products Searching food tables List of food tables, food composition journals

39. MEDLINE Tutorial: Introduction & Subject Searching If you are a novice searcher, prior to going online review the keyword searchingand Boolean For the topic above, the individual, specific concepts which http://www.health.library.mcgill.ca/eguides/tutorial/

MEDLINE Tutorial Tutorial Objectives Subject Searching Mapping Broader/ Narrower ... Searching Other Fields Topic: Find English language articles on effective treatments of colon cancer in the elderly. Tutorial Objectives review the main principles of online searching identify the main databases in the health sciences learn how to search and retrieve information from MEDLINE, the primary database of medicine examine ways in which medical information can be filtered to relevant sources which evaluate the evidence for its validity and usefulness to clinical practice If you are a novice searcher, prior to going online review the keyword searching and Boolean logic sections to familiarize yourself with basic online principles. Review the 10 Steps in Finding Papers section. section. For the topic above, the individual, specific concepts which need to be searched are: effective - (think evidence based medicine) treatments colon cancer elderly English language To provide an answer to the topic, the most appropriate bibliographic databases to search are Medline and Cancerlit , both of which are available through the Ovid Web Gateway.

40. Subject Keyword Index Subject searching is comprehensive, and so it's ideal for research. when you wantto find everything in the database on your specific topic; when you need to http://www.lib.iastate.edu/commons/resources/lcsh/

Commons Courses Guides About the Commons Instruction Commons Guides Searching by Subject or by Keyword Knowing the difference: Subject and keyword searches Library catalogs and electronic databases can be searched in many ways, including by subject and searching by keyword. These two strategies are often confused. Knowing how they differ can help you retrieve better, more accurate results in the databases you use. KEYWORDS Searching "by keyword" means that you are searching the database for the words or phrases you've typed. keyword searches can be very flexible, and search words, parts of words, phrases, names, or combinations of all of these any words you might use to describe your topic can be used as keywords keyword searches can retrieve many results that aren't at all relevant to what you really wanted keywords are often called "uncontrolled vocabulary," because they are not pre-defined SUBJECT HEADINGS Searching "by subject" means that you are searching very specific, pre-defined terms and phrases.

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